JP2016215866A - Cooling device for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress reduction of an intake amount of air during traveling of a vehicle.SOLUTION: A cooling device for a vehicle comprises a cylindrical duct 23 which takes air that has gone through a heat exchanger 20 in from an air intake port 23a and discharges it from an air takeout port 23b, with the duct 23 having a pipe diameter changing part 232 in which its diameter gradually changes as it approaches the air takeout port 23b in such a manner that swirls are generated in the air that has gone through the duct because of the pipe diameter changing part 232 and a negative pressure is produced at the vehicle rear side from the duct.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle cooling device.

  Conventionally, cooling water for cooling a vehicle engine is cooled by a radiator, and a refrigerant of a vehicle air conditioner is cooled by a condenser. The radiator and the condenser are usually arranged to be cooled by an air flow taken from the front of the vehicle when the vehicle is running.

  However, considering the case where the airflow due to traveling is insufficient due to traffic congestion, etc., a cooling fan that can generate an airflow in the same direction as the airflow due to traveling is generally provided on the back of the radiator or condenser. ing. A fan shroud is provided to efficiently use the air flow of the cooling fan, and a radiator, a condenser, a cooling fan, and the like are accommodated in the fan shroud (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2014-101870 A

  In the cooling device described in Patent Document 1, the radiator and the condenser are cooled by the air blown by the cooling fan even when the vehicle is stopped. Further, when the vehicle is traveling, the radiator and the condenser are further cooled by the vehicle speed wind taken from the front of the vehicle, so that the cooling performance of the cooling device is improved.

  However, since the fan shroud containing the cooling fan or the like becomes a resistance in the cooling device, the back pressure on the rear side of the cooling device increases as the traveling speed of the vehicle increases. There is a problem that the amount of cooling air taken into the condenser is reduced. As described above, when the amount of cooling air taken into the radiator or the condenser is lowered, the cooling ability of the radiator or the condenser is lowered.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to suppress a decrease in the amount of air taken in when the vehicle is traveling.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 includes a heat exchanger (20) mounted on a vehicle and having a heat exchange core portion for exchanging heat between air passing through and a heat medium, and a heat exchanger. A cylindrical duct (23) that is disposed on the vehicle rear side and that takes in air that has passed through the heat exchanger from the air intake port (23a) and exhausts it from the air intake port (23b). It has a tube diameter changing portion (232) whose diameter gradually changes as it approaches the take-out port, and is configured such that a vortex is generated in the air that has passed through the duct by the tube diameter changing portion, and the vehicle rear side becomes a negative pressure from the duct. It is characterized by having.

  According to such a structure, the cylindrical duct (23 which takes in the air which passed the heat exchanger from the air intake port (23a) and discharges it from the air intake port (23b) to the vehicle rear side from the heat exchanger. ), And the duct has a tube diameter changing portion (232) whose diameter gradually changes as it approaches the air outlet, and the tube diameter changing portion causes a vortex to occur in the air that has passed through the duct, and the rear of the duct from the duct. Since the negative pressure is configured on the side, an increase in the flow rate of air passing through the heat exchanger is promoted by the negative pressure, and a decrease in the intake amount of cooling air when the vehicle is running can be suppressed.

  In addition, the code | symbol in the bracket | parenthesis of each means described in this column and the claim shows the correspondence with the specific means as described in embodiment mentioned later.

It is the figure which showed the front-end part of the motor vehicle carrying the cooling device which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which showed the structure of the cooling device mounted in the motor vehicle. It is the figure which looked at the cooling device from the duct side. It is sectional drawing of a duct. It is the figure which showed the flow of the air in a cooling device. It is a characteristic view which shows the relationship between the flow velocity of the vehicle speed wind, and the amount of heat release / heat generation in the configuration of the comparative example and the present invention. It is the figure which showed the characteristic of the structure of the comparative example, and the pressure immediately after a duct. It is the figure which showed the characteristic of the structure of this invention, and the pressure immediately after a duct.

  A configuration of a vehicle cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a view showing a front end portion of an automobile (vehicle) on which the vehicle cooling device 2 is mounted. In FIG. 1, the up and down arrows indicate the direction when the vehicle air conditioning unit 10 is mounted on the vehicle. That is, the double-ended arrows in FIG. Further, the left arrow in FIG. 1 indicates the vehicle traveling direction (vehicle front), and the right arrow in FIG. 1 indicates the vehicle rear.

  The cooling device 2 is mounted in an engine room of a car. The engine room is a space that is surrounded by the body of an automobile and that houses main driving sources for driving such as an engine (not shown).

  The front grill 71 of the automobile is provided with a front grill opening 72, a fog lamp grill opening 73, and the like. The front grill opening 72 and the fog lamp grill opening 73 are formed so as to open to the front side of the vehicle traveling direction in the front grill 71, respectively. A vehicle speed wind accompanying the traveling of the automobile is taken into the engine room of the vehicle from the front grill opening 72 and the fog lamp grill opening 73. The cooling device 2 is disposed on the rear side in the vehicle traveling direction with respect to the front grill opening 72.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of the cooling device 2 mounted on the automobile. The cooling device 2 includes a heat exchanger 20, a duct 23, and a blower fan 24. The heat exchanger 20 includes a condenser 21 and a radiator 22.

  The capacitor | condenser 21 is a condenser which cools the refrigerant | coolant used for the vehicle refrigeration cycle (air conditioner) which is not shown in figure. The capacitor 21 includes a plurality of tubes and fins (both not shown) through which the refrigerant flows, and is provided at both ends of the capacitor core section 211 and the capacitor core section 211 for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the air. And a condenser tank 212 that flows in and out. The capacitor 21 cools the refrigerant by exchanging heat between the refrigerant flowing through the tube of the capacitor core part 211 and the air passing between the tubes of the capacitor core part 211.

  The radiator 22 cools cooling water (liquid) that cools an engine (not shown). The radiator 22 includes a radiator core 221 composed of a plurality of tubes through which cooling water flows, a radiator upper tank 222 disposed on the upper portion of the radiator core 221 and communicating with the tubes, and disposed on a lower portion of the radiator core 221. The radiator lower tank 223 and the like communicate with each other. The condenser 21 cools the cooling water by exchanging heat between the cooling water flowing through the tube of the radiator core 221 and the air passing between the tubes of the radiator core 221.

  The capacitor core part 211 and the radiator core 221 are heat exchange core parts that exchange heat between the passing air and the heat medium. That is, the capacitor | condenser 21 and the radiator 22 are the heat exchangers 20 which have a heat exchange core part which performs heat exchange of the air and heat medium which pass.

  The condenser 21 and the radiator 22 are arranged on the rear side in the vehicle traveling direction with respect to the front grill opening 72 so that the traveling wind (cooling air) of the automobile passes through the air passage part (the condenser core part 211 and the radiator core 221). ing.

  A cylindrical duct 23 and a blower fan 24 are provided on the rear side of the radiator 22 in the vehicle traveling direction. That is, the duct 23 and the blower fan 24 are disposed on the vehicle rear side from the heat exchanger 20 when viewed from the front of the vehicle in a vehicle space surrounded by the vehicle body around the heat exchanger 20.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the duct 23 includes an air intake port 23a that takes in the cooling air that has passed through the heat exchanger 20, and an air intake port 23b that discharges the cooling air taken in from the air intake port 23a. Have. In FIG. 3, the blower fan 24 is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the duct 23 includes a cylindrical portion 231 having a cylindrical shape, and a tube diameter changing portion 232 whose tube diameter gradually changes as it approaches the air outlet 23 b. The cylindrical portion 231 and the tube diameter changing portion 232 are integrally formed of resin. Note that the duct 23 in the cooling device 2 is an application of a technique called a wind lens that promotes the amount of wind taken in by actively generating vortices.

  The tube diameter changing portion 232 of the duct 23 of the present embodiment is configured such that the tube diameter decreases as it approaches the air outlet 23b. That is, the pipe diameter changing portion 232 has a shape that becomes narrower as it approaches the air outlet 23b.

  In the duct 23, the tangent of the opening edge at the air outlet 23 b of the tube diameter changing portion 232 is inclined with respect to the axis of the cylindrical portion 231. More specifically, the duct 23 is formed so that the tangent of the opening edge portion at the air outlet 23 b of the tube diameter changing portion 232 intersects the axis of the cylindrical portion 231 perpendicularly.

  Further, the duct 23 is arranged so as to be accommodated inside the outer shape of the heat exchange core part (the condenser core part 211 and the radiator core 221) of the heat exchanger 20 when the duct 23 is viewed from the air outlet 23b side of the duct 23. ing. That is, the duct 23 is viewed from the air outlet 23b side when viewed from the outer side of the duct 23, and the outer shape of the heat exchange core part (the capacitor core part 211 and the radiator core 221) of the heat exchanger 20. An inner region is provided so as to secure a flow path through which air that has passed through the air passage portion flows.

  The blower fan 24 is an electric blower in which the operation rate, that is, the rotation speed (the amount of blown air) is controlled by a control voltage output from an air conditioning control device (not shown). The blower fan 24 is disposed in the duct 23. The blower fan 24 blows the cooling air taken in from the air take-in port 23a toward the air take-out port.

  The capacitor 21 and the radiator 22 are fixed to a support panel 76 provided in the engine room of the automobile. The duct 23 is assembled and fixed to the radiator 22 by a fixing member 234. Specifically, the duct 23 is assembled and fixed to the radiator 22 so that the air intake port 23a of the duct 23 and the radiator 22 are in contact with each other. The blower fan 24 is fixed to the inner surface of the duct 23 via a stay (support member) (not shown).

  Next, the operation of the cooling device 2 will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, when the blower fan 24 starts operating, outside air flows as cooling air into the engine room from the front side of the vehicle through the grill opening 72 of the front grill 71 as indicated by an arrow B1 in FIG. Furthermore, when the automobile starts traveling, traveling wind flows into the engine room from the front side of the vehicle through the grill opening 72 of the front grill 71.

  The cooling air flowing into the engine room passes through the heat exchanger 20 and is then taken into the air intake port 23a of the duct 23 and passes through the inner peripheral side of the duct 23 and the outer peripheral side of the duct 23. Divided into passing air.

  Here, the cooling air taken into the air inlet 23a of the duct 23 passes through the cylindrical portion 231 of the duct 23, and then is discharged from the air outlet 23b through the pipe diameter changing portion 232 of the duct 23. . Note that the tube diameter changing portion 232 of the duct 23 gradually decreases in diameter as it approaches the air outlet 23b. For this reason, the air flowing along the inner surface of the tube diameter changing portion 232 is gradually changed in the direction of the central axis of the tube diameter changing portion 232 and separated from the inner surface of the duct 23 when reaching the air outlet 23b. As shown by an arrow D in FIG. 5, a vortex (separation vortex) is generated in the air that has passed through the duct 23 due to this separation, and the region on the vehicle rear side from the tube diameter changing portion 232 of the duct 23 becomes a negative pressure. In this way, when the region on the vehicle rear side of the tube diameter changing portion 232 of the duct 23 becomes negative pressure, the heat exchange core portion (capacitor core portion 211 and radiator core 221 from the outside of the duct 23 is brought into the negative pressure region. ) Is drawn in, and the flow rate of air passing through the heat exchanger 20 increases. Thus, the provision of the duct 23 promotes the flow rate of the air passing through the heat exchanger 20.

  As described above, the cooling device 2 includes the cylindrical duct 23 that takes in the air that has passed through the heat exchanger 20 from the air intake port 23a and exhausts it from the air intake port 23b. It has a tube diameter changing portion 232 whose diameter gradually changes as it approaches the outlet 23b, and the tube diameter changing portion 232 causes a vortex to occur in the air passing through the duct 23 so that the vehicle rear side becomes a negative pressure from the duct 23. Therefore, an increase in the flow rate of air passing through the heat exchanger 20 is promoted by this negative pressure, and a decrease in the intake amount of cooling air during vehicle travel can be suppressed.

  Moreover, the pipe diameter changing part 232 can be configured such that the pipe diameter decreases as it approaches the air outlet 23b.

  Further, the duct 23 is seen from the air outlet 23b side, and the heat exchange core portion is located in the outer peripheral side of the outer shape of the duct 23 and inside the outer shape of the heat exchange core portion of the heat exchanger 20. Since the flow path through which the air that has passed through is secured is ensured, the air that has passed through the heat exchange core can pass through the outer periphery of the duct 23 and be guided from the duct 23 to the vehicle rear side.

  Moreover, the ventilation fan 24 which ventilates the air taken in from the air inlet 23a to the air outlet 23b side inside the duct 23 can also be provided.

  Here, the flow velocity of the vehicle speed wind and the heat radiation amount of the cooling device 2 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the characteristics of the heat generation amount of the fuel cell 30 and the heat dissipation amount of the cooling device 2 when the fuel cell 30 is arranged behind the cooling device in the vehicle traveling direction. Reference sign C1 in FIG. 6 indicates the heat radiation amount (estimated value) of the cooling device of the comparative example shown in FIG. 7A, and reference sign C2 in FIG. 6 indicates the present embodiment shown in FIG. The amount of heat radiation (estimated value) of the cooling device 2 is shown. In FIGS. 7A and 8A, the distance between each cooling device and the fuel cell 30 is 100 millimeters. In addition, it is assumed that each blower fan shown in FIGS. 7A and 8A is operating at a constant rotational speed. Moreover, the code | symbol E1 in FIG. 6 has shown the emitted-heat amount (trial calculation value) of the fuel cell 30 shown by FIG. 7 (a) and FIG. 7 (a). As indicated by reference numeral E1 in FIG. 6, the heat generation amount of the fuel cell 30 increases in a quadratic curve as the vehicle speed wind increases.

  The cooling device of the comparative example shown in FIG. 7A includes a heat exchanger 20, a blower fan 24, and a shroud 50 that covers the blower fan 24. Similar to the apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the shroud 50 is configured to accommodate the heat exchanger 20, the blower fan 24, and the like. For this reason, the fan shroud becomes a resistance when the vehicle travels, and the back pressure on the vehicle rear side of the cooling device increases. Moreover, FIG.7 (b) has shown the pressure (atmospheric pressure) distribution along the FF line | wire in Fig.7 (a).

  As shown in FIG. 7B, the cooling device of the comparative example has the lowest air pressure in the central portion of the blower fan 24 at the air pressure along the line FF in FIG. The air pressure gradually increases as the distance from the center of the area increases.

  On the other hand, the cooling device 2 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 8A is provided with a blower fan 24 on the rear side of the heat exchanger 20 in the vehicle traveling direction, and further on the rear side of the blower fan 24 in the vehicle traveling direction. A cylindrical duct 23 is provided. Moreover, FIG.8 (b) has shown the pressure (atmospheric pressure) distribution along the FF line | wire in Fig.8 (a).

  As shown in FIG. 8B, the cooling device 2 of the present embodiment has the lowest air pressure in the central portion of the blower fan 24 at the air pressure along the line FF in FIG. As the distance from the central portion of the fan 24 increases, the atmospheric pressure increases. However, as shown in a region G in FIG. 8B, a region that slightly swells toward the negative pressure side can be confirmed in a portion of the duct 23 on the rear side of the tube diameter changing portion 232. This region is generated by the vortex generated by the tube diameter changing portion 232 of the duct 23. Air that has passed through the heat exchange core (the condenser core 211 and the radiator core 221) is drawn into this region from the outside of the duct 23, and the flow rate of air that passes through the heat exchanger 20 is promoted.

(A) When the speed of the automobile (that is, the flow speed of the vehicle speed wind) is slow As shown in FIG. 6, when the speed of the automobile (that is, the flow speed of the vehicle speed wind) is slow, the comparative example indicated by the reference C1 in FIG. The heat radiation amount of the cooling device 2 of the present embodiment indicated by the reference symbol C2 is larger than the heat radiation amount of the cooling device. However, the difference between the heat radiation amount of the cooling device of the comparative example and the heat radiation amount of the cooling device 2 of the present embodiment is relatively small. Further, the heat generation amount of the fuel cell 30 is smaller than both the heat dissipation amount of the cooling device of the comparative example and the heat dissipation amount of the cooling device 2 of the present embodiment. For this reason, it is possible to sufficiently cool the fuel cell 30 with the cooling capacity of the cooling device of the comparative example and the cooling device 2 of the present embodiment.

(B) When the speed of the automobile (that is, the flow speed of the vehicle speed wind) is high When the speed of the automobile (that is, the flow speed of the vehicle speed wind) increases, the heat dissipation amount of the cooling device of the comparative example indicated by the reference C1 in FIG. In addition, the heat radiation amount of the cooling device 2 of the present embodiment indicated by the symbol C2 is larger. Moreover, the difference between the heat radiation amount of the cooling device 2 of the present embodiment and the heat radiation amount of the cooling device of the comparative example gradually increases as the flow velocity of the vehicle speed wind increases.

  Here, the heat release amount of the cooling device 2 of the present embodiment is larger than the heat generation amount of the fuel cell 30 when the vehicle speed wind is less than 35 meters / second. That is, the fuel cell 30 can be sufficiently cooled by the cooling capacity of the cooling device 2 of the present embodiment.

  However, the heat release amount of the cooling device of the comparative example is not greater than the heat generation amount of the fuel cell 30 when the vehicle speed wind is 35 meters / second. That is, the cooling capacity of the cooling device of the comparative example cannot sufficiently cool the fuel cell 30.

  As described above, the cooling device 2 of the present embodiment can obtain high cooling performance for the object to be cooled even in the configuration in which the object to be cooled is arranged on the vehicle rear side of the cooling device 2.

(Other embodiments)
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be implemented in various forms based on the gist of the present invention.

  (1) In the above embodiment, the duct 23 is assembled and fixed to the radiator 22 so that the air intake port 23a of the duct 23 and the radiator 22 are in contact with each other. For example, the airtightness of the contact portion between the radiator 22 and the duct 23 is fixed. In order to ensure the performance and prevent the contact surface of the radiator 22 with the duct 23 from being damaged, a seal member may be provided between the air intake port 23a of the duct 23 and the radiator 22. . Such a sealing member can be configured using, for example, urethane or the like.

  (2) Although the cooling device 2 of the above embodiment is configured to cool the heat exchanger 20 including the condenser 21 and the radiator 22, the cooling apparatus 2 is configured to cool either the condenser 21 or the radiator 22. May be. In addition, a heat exchanger other than the condenser 21 and the radiator 22, for example, a radiator that cools the cooling water that cools the fuel cell may be cooled as the heat exchanger 20.

  (3) In the above embodiment, the tube diameter of the tube diameter changing portion 232 of the duct 23 is reduced as it approaches the air outlet 23b, but the tube diameter changing portion 232 of the duct 23 decreases as it approaches the air outlet 23b. Even if the pipe diameter is increased, a vortex is generated in the air that has passed through the duct 23, and a negative pressure is generated on the vehicle rear side from the duct 23, and an increase in the flow rate of air passing through the heat exchanger 20 can be promoted.

  (4) In the above embodiment, the cross section of the air passage that passes through the inside of the duct 23 is circular. However, the cross section of the air passage that passes through the inside of the duct 23 is not necessarily circular. It may be.

  (5) In the said embodiment, although the ventilation fan 24 was provided in the duct 23, the ventilation fan 24 does not necessarily need to be provided. Even if the blower fan 24 is not provided, it is possible to obtain an effect of suppressing a reduction in the amount of air taken in during the traveling of the vehicle.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, In the range described in the claim, it can change suitably. In each of the above-described embodiments, it is needless to say that elements constituting the embodiment are not necessarily essential unless explicitly stated as essential and clearly considered essential in principle. Yes. Further, in each of the above embodiments, when numerical values such as the number, numerical value, quantity, range, etc. of the constituent elements of the embodiment are mentioned, it is clearly limited to a specific number when clearly indicated as essential and in principle. The number is not limited to the specific number except for the case. In each of the above embodiments, when referring to the material, shape, positional relationship, etc. of the constituent elements, etc., unless otherwise specified, or in principle limited to a specific material, shape, positional relationship, etc. The material, shape, positional relationship, etc. are not limited.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 20 Heat exchanger 21 Condenser 22 Radiator 23 Duct 23a Air intake port 23b Air intake port 231 Cylindrical part 232 Pipe diameter change part 24 Fan

Claims (4)

A heat exchanger (20) that is mounted on a vehicle and has a heat exchange core portion that exchanges heat between air passing through and the heat medium;
A cylindrical duct (23) disposed on the rear side of the vehicle from the heat exchanger and taking in the air that has passed through the heat exchanger from an air intake port (23a) and discharging it from an air intake port (23b); With
The duct has a tube diameter changing portion (232) whose diameter gradually changes as it approaches the air outlet, and the tube diameter changing portion causes a vortex to occur in the air that has passed through the duct, so that the vehicle is driven from the duct. A vehicular cooling device, characterized in that the rear side is under negative pressure.   2. The vehicular cooling device according to claim 1, wherein the pipe diameter changing portion is configured such that the pipe diameter becomes smaller as it approaches the air outlet. 3.   When the duct is viewed from the air outlet side, the duct is disposed outside the outer shape of the duct and inside the outer shape of the heat exchange core portion of the heat exchanger. The vehicle cooling device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling device is disposed so as to secure a flow path through which the air that has passed passes.   4. The fan according to claim 1, further comprising: a blower fan (24) that blows the air taken in from the air intake port toward the air outlet side inside the duct. 5. The vehicle cooling device as described.

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