JP2016102402A - Foundation construction method and foundation construction system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a foundation construction method that can hammer in a long pile member effectively, with high accuracy and with low cost even in a soft ground.SOLUTION: There is provided a foundation construction method, including a guide member having cylinder parts and at least two pile members inserted to the cylinder parts of the guide member, in which the central axes of the cylinder parts extend without interfering with each other in a manner each inclining to the vertical direction. The foundation construction method includes: steps S1 and S2 of temporarily fixing the guide member to the ground surface; steps S3 to S7 of inserting pile members to the cylinder parts of the guide member, and hammering in at least a tip of the pile members to the underground; a step S8 of calculating, based on a time needed for hammering in of the pile members, bearing power of the pile members; and a step S9 of determining whether or not a position of the guide member and the bearing power of the pile members is within a predetermined margin of error.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 9

Description

  The present invention relates to a foundation construction method and a foundation construction system for constructing a foundation for supporting a structure.

Conventionally, the following simple foundations have been proposed as the basis for simple structures such as playground equipment, a hut, a fence, and a temporary housing in a park (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
That is, a simple foundation is provided with the hollow and substantially spherical main body member which has a pile member penetration part, and the pile member inserted in the ground through the pile member penetration part of this main body member. These pile members extend inclined with respect to the ground surface.

JP 2007-247249 A JP 2014-31700 A

However, if the simple foundation as described above is provided on soft ground such as a paddy field, it is necessary to secure the degree of fixation of the simple foundation.
That is, when a simple foundation is provided on a soft ground such as a paddy field, the frictional force between the pile member and the ground is reduced due to the repeated lateral load of the wind load, and the pulling force and the pushing force act on the main body member. As a result, the main body member may move relative to the pile member, and there is a possibility that sufficient support force by the pile member cannot be secured.

  Therefore, it is conceivable to lengthen the pile member and drive this long pile member into the soft ground, but it is difficult to drive the long pile member into the soft ground efficiently and with high precision because the work place is underfoot. there were.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a foundation construction method and a foundation construction system capable of driving a long pile member efficiently, with high accuracy and at low cost even in soft ground.

  The foundation construction method according to claim 1 includes at least a guide member (for example, a guide member 10 to be described later) provided with a cylinder portion (for example, a cylinder portion 12 to be described later), and at least inserted through the cylinder portion of the guide member. Two pile members (for example, a later-described pile member 20), and the center axis of the cylindrical portion is inclined with respect to the vertical direction and extends without interfering with each other (for example, the later-described foundation 1). ), A step of temporarily fixing the guide member to the ground surface (for example, steps S1 and S2 described later), and inserting the pile member into a cylindrical portion of the guide member, And a step of driving at least the tip of the member into the ground (for example, steps S3 to S5 described later).

According to this invention, the pile member is inserted into the cylindrical portion provided in the guide member, and at least a part of the pile member is driven into the ground to function as a pile. Here, since the guide member is temporarily fixed to the ground surface when driving the pile member, it is possible to prevent the position of the guide member from being displaced. Therefore, even in soft ground, a long pile member can be driven efficiently and with high accuracy.
Moreover, since it is only necessary to temporarily fix the guide member to the ground surface, the pile member can be driven at a low cost.

  The foundation construction method according to claim 2 further includes a step of fixing the pile member to the cylindrical portion of the guide member after driving the pile member into the ground.

  According to this invention, since the pile member is fixed to the cylindrical portion, even if a pulling force or a pushing force is applied to the guide member, the guide member can be prevented from moving relative to the pile member. Therefore, the supporting force by the pile member can be reliably transmitted to the main body even in soft ground.

  In the foundation construction method according to claim 3, in the step of temporarily fixing the guide member to the ground surface, a frame-shaped fixing ruler (for example, a fixing ruler 60 described later) surrounding the guide member is temporarily fixed to the ground surface. Thus, the guide member is temporarily fixed to the ground surface.

  According to this invention, the guide member is temporarily fixed to the ground surface by temporarily fixing the frame-shaped fixing ruler surrounding the guide member to the ground surface. Therefore, since it is not necessary to process the guide member itself, the construction cost can be reduced. The fixed ruler can be easily transported and diverted.

  The foundation construction method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in the step of driving the pile members into the ground, the pile members facing each other are driven simultaneously.

  When the pile member is driven, a horizontal force acts on the guide member. However, according to the present invention, because the pile members that are opposed to each other are driven at the same time, the horizontal force is offset, so that the guide member is displaced. Can be prevented more reliably.

  The foundation construction system according to claim 5 (for example, a foundation construction system 40 described later) includes a guide member provided with a cylindrical portion and at least two pile members inserted through the cylindrical portion of the guide member. And a center construction system for constructing a foundation that is inclined with respect to the vertical direction and extends without interfering with each other, the position measuring means for measuring the position of the guide member (for example, Position measuring means 50) to be described later, driving means for inserting the pile member into the cylindrical portion of the guide member and driving the pile member into the ground (for example, a driving device 41 to be described later), A supporting force calculating means (for example, a supporting force calculating means 51 described later) for measuring the time required for driving and calculating the supporting force of the pile member based on the measured time, the position of the guide member, and the pile member Determining means supporting force whether it is within a predetermined error range (e.g., the determination unit 52 described later), characterized in that it comprises a a.

  According to the present invention, when the pile member is driven, since the guide member is temporarily fixed to the ground surface, the guide member can be prevented from being displaced, so that the foundation can be constructed with high accuracy.

The perspective view of the some foundation constructed | assembled by the foundation construction method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The expansion perspective view of the foundation concerning this embodiment. The top view of the foundation concerning this embodiment. The top view of the basic guide member which concerns on this embodiment. AA sectional drawing of FIG. The expanded sectional view of the cylinder part of the guide member which concerns on this embodiment. The figure which shows the experimental result of the Example and comparative example of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the structure of the foundation construction system which concerns on this embodiment. The flowchart of the procedure which builds the foundation which concerns on this embodiment. The figure for demonstrating the procedure which builds the foundation which concerns on this embodiment. The top view and side sectional view of a placement jig for constructing the foundation concerning this embodiment. The specific example of the determination result of the foundation construction system which concerns on the said embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a plurality of foundations 1 constructed by a foundation construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the foundation 1. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the foundation 1.
Six foundations 1 are constructed here, and these six foundations 1 support the structure 2 at the top. The foundation 1 includes a guide member 10 and four pile members 20 attached to the guide member 10.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the guide member 10. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
The guide member 10 is a casting made of ductile cast iron, has a bowl-shaped main body 11, four cylindrical cylindrical portions 12 that are provided on the main body 11 and through which the pile member 20 is inserted, and piles on the cylindrical portions 12. A fixing member 30 for fixing the member 20.

The main body 11 has a rectangular shape in plan view, and is disposed on the ground surface 3 so that the central axis is substantially vertical (see FIG. 5). The main body 11 has a saddle shape, that is, a shape in which the central portion bulges upward, and leg portions 13 protruding downward are formed at the four corners of the main body 11.
Further, a through hole 14 for connecting the structure 2 to the main body 11 is formed in the central portion of the main body 11.

  The four cylindrical portions 12 are cylindrical and are provided integrally with the main body 11 at the four corners of the main body 11. The central axes of the four cylindrical portions 12 are inclined with respect to the axial direction of the main body 11 and interfere with each other. It extends without.

Each of the four pile members 20 has a cylindrical shape and is inserted through the cylindrical portion 12. In the state in which the main body 11 is installed on the ground surface 3, these pile members 20 are at least partially driven into the ground and function as piles.
In the present embodiment, since the steel pipe is used as the pile member 20, the necessary anticorrosion treatment is performed on the steel pipe according to the use conditions, or the steel pipe thickness is considered in consideration of the corrosion rate in the service life.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the cylindrical portion 12. In FIG. 6, the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 12 is expressed so as to be the vertical direction in FIG. 6.
On the upper end side of the cylindrical portion 12, through holes 15 </ b> A and 15 </ b> B that penetrate the cylindrical portion 12 are formed. The pile member 20 is formed with through holes 23A and 23B that penetrate the pile member 20. The fixing member 30 includes a bolt 31 and a nut 32 screwed to the tip of the bolt 31.

Bolts 31 are inserted into the through holes 15A, 15B, 23A, and 23B, and nuts 32 are screwed onto the front ends of the bolts 31.
Moreover, the clearance gap between the outer surface of the pile member 20 and the inner surface of the cylinder part 12 is filled with the sealing agent S, and the cap 16 which covers the upper end of this cylinder part 12 is covered on this cylinder part 12. As shown in FIG. .

  In the above guide member 10, the bolt member 31 is inserted into the through holes 15 </ b> A, 15 </ b> B, 23 </ b> A, and 23 </ b> B and the nut 32 is screwed to fix the pile member 20 to the cylindrical portion 12.

  In the following, three types of experiments were conducted: a pressing force, a pulling force, and a horizontal load when the pile member was fixed (Example) and when the pile member was not fixed (Comparative Example). In each example, the length of the steel pipe was 4 m.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the experimental results of Examples and Comparative Examples. In FIG. 7, (a) shows the relationship between the pushing force and the pushing amount (sinking amount), and (b) shows the relationship between the drawing force and the drawing amount (lifting amount). ) Shows the relationship between the horizontal load and the horizontal movement amount (horizontal displacement amount). In any experiment, it can be seen that the displacement amount is significantly reduced in the example compared to the comparative example at a load equal to or lower than the design load.

The plurality of foundations 1 are constructed by the foundation construction system 40.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the foundation construction system 40.
The foundation construction system 40 includes a placement device 41 as a placement means, a GPS device 42, a calculation processing device 43, a display device 44, and a storage device 45.

  The arithmetic processing unit 43 is, for example, a computer, and reads out a program stored in the storage device 45 and develops and executes it on an OS that performs operation control.

  The driving device 41 inserts the pile member 20 into the cylindrical portion 12 of the guide member 10 and drives the pile member 20 into the ground. The GPS device 42 measures its position in the three-dimensional space and transmits it to the arithmetic processing device 43. The arithmetic processing unit 43 includes a position measuring unit 50, a supporting force calculating unit 51, and a determining unit 52.

  When the GPS device 42 is placed on the guide member 10 and the GPS device 42 is operated in this state, the position measuring means 50 receives a signal from the GPS device 42 and the position of the GPS device 42 in the three-dimensional space. Is displayed on the display device 44 as the position of the guide member 10 in the three-dimensional space.

The support force calculating means 51 measures the time required for driving the pile member 20 by driving the driving device 41, and calculates the support force of the pile member 20 based on the measured time.
The determination means 52 determines whether the position of the guide member 10 and the support force of the pile member 20 are within a predetermined error range, and displays the result on the display device 44.

  Next, the procedure for constructing the foundation 1 using the foundation construction system 40 described above will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

In step S1, the guide member 10 is positioned. That is, the guide member 10 is placed on the ground surface 3, the fixed ruler 60 is placed on the ground surface 3 so as to surround the guide member 10, and the GPS device 42 is attached to the upper surface of the guide member 10.
Next, the GPS device 42 is driven, and the position measuring means 50 measures the position of the GPS device 42 in the three-dimensional space and displays it on the display device 44. Therefore, the worker positions the guide member 10 while confirming an error between the current position of the display device 44 and the guide member 10 and a predetermined position.

In step S2, the guide member 10 is temporarily fixed to the ground surface 3. That is, as shown in FIG. 10, a frame-shaped fixed ruler 60 manufactured by combining angle steels is prepared. Through holes 61 are formed at four corners of the fixed ruler 60.
The fixed ruler 60 is placed on the ground surface 3 so as to surround the guide member 10, and the guide member 10 is driven by penetrating through the four through holes 61 of the fixed ruler 60 and inserting a rod-shaped wedge member 62 into the ground. Is temporarily fixed.

In step S3, the placing jig 70 is lifted by a crane or the like, and the placing jig 70 is installed immediately above the guide member 10 as shown in FIG. That is, the placing jig 70 includes a pair of cylindrical placing devices 41 disposed to face each other with the guide member 10 interposed therebetween, and a support portion 71 provided on the ground surface 3 to support the pair of placing devices 41. And comprising.
Here, the front ends of the pair of placing devices 41 are arranged in a pair of cylindrical portions 12 facing each other.
The support portion 71 includes a support column 72 provided on the ground surface 3 and an annular annular portion 73 that is supported by the support column 72 and supports the proximal end side of the placing device 41.

  In step S4, as shown in FIG. 11, the pair of pile members 20 is attached to the placing jig 70. That is, the pile member 20 is inserted and held in each placing device 41, and the distal end side of the pile member 20 is inserted into the cylindrical portion 12 of the guide member 10. Thereby, a pair of pile member 20 will be mutually opposingly arranged.

  In step S5, a pair of pile members 20 are driven into the ground simultaneously. That is, the pair of driving devices 41 are driven simultaneously, and the pile members 20 facing each other are driven simultaneously in the direction of the white arrow in FIG. At this time, the driving time of the driving device 41 is measured as the driving time by the supporting force calculation means 51.

  In step S6, it is determined whether driving of all the pile members 20 has been completed. If this determination is No, the process moves to step S7, and if Yes, the process moves to step S8.

In step S7, the placing jig 70 is lifted by a crane or the like, the orientation of the placing jig 70 is changed and installed again, and the pile member 20 has not yet been driven into the ends of the pair of placing apparatuses 41. It arrange | positions to the cylinder part 12, and returns to step S4.
In step S <b> 8, the support force calculating means 51 calculates the support force of the pile member 20 based on the driving time of the driving device 41.

In step S9, the position measuring means 50 measures the position in the three-dimensional space of the guide member 10 after driving the pile member 20, and the determining means 52 determines the position of the guide member 10 after driving the pile member 20, and It is determined whether or not the supporting force of the pile member 20 is within a predetermined error range and displayed on the display device 44.
If this determination is Yes, the process ends. If No, the process proceeds to step S10.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of the determination result by the determination unit 52.
In the uppermost part of FIG. 12, the respective dates of foundation shaping, foundation positioning surveying, and pile driving are displayed.
In the middle, for each of the four pile members (pile), the driving time (setting time), the ultimate vertical support force calculated based on this driving time, and the ultimate vertical support force are the required ultimate vertical The judgment result compared with the supporting force is displayed.
Further, in the lower stage, the basic completed shape, that is, the positional deviation of the guide member 10 after construction and the determination result of this positional deviation are displayed.

  In step S10, the pile member 20 that has already been placed is removed, the process returns to step S1, and the foundation 1 is constructed again.

According to this embodiment, there are the following effects.
(1) The pile member 20 was inserted into the cylindrical portion 12 provided in the guide member 10, and this pile member 20 was driven into the ground to function as a pile. Here, since the guide member 10 is temporarily fixed to the ground surface when the pile member 20 is driven, the displacement of the guide member 10 can be prevented. Therefore, the long pile member 20 is driven efficiently and highly accurately even on soft ground. be able to.
Moreover, since it is only necessary to temporarily fix the guide member 10 to the ground surface, the pile member 20 can be driven at low cost.
(2) Since the pile member 20 is fixed to the cylindrical portion 12, even if a pulling force or a pushing force acts on the guide member 10, the guide member 10 can be prevented from moving relative to the pile member 20. Even in soft ground, the supporting force by the pile member 20 can be reliably transmitted to the main body 11.

(3) The guide member 10 was temporarily fixed to the ground surface by temporarily fixing the frame-shaped fixing ruler 60 surrounding the guide member 10 to the ground surface. Therefore, since it is not necessary to process the guide member 10 itself, the construction cost can be reduced.
Further, the fixed ruler 60 can be easily transported and diverted.

  (4) The pile members 20 facing each other were driven simultaneously. When driving the pile member 20, a horizontal force acts on the guide member 10, but since this horizontal force is canceled out, the displacement of the guide member 10 can be prevented more reliably.

  (5) Since the determination means 52 determines whether the position of the guide member 10 and the supporting force of the pile member 20 are within a predetermined error range, the construction accuracy of the foundation 1 can be easily managed.

  (6) Since the bolt 31 is inserted into the through holes 15A, 15B, 23A, and 23B, and the nut 32 is screwed into the bolt 31, the bolt 31 is locked to the cylindrical portion 12 and the pile member 20. The member 20 can be securely fixed to the cylindrical portion 12 and the main body 11 can be easily prevented from moving relative to the pile member 20.

  (7) Since the cap 16 is attached to the upper end of the pile member 20, salt content in the air can be prevented from entering the inside of the pile member 20, and the progress of corrosion inside the pile member 20 can be suppressed.

  (8) Since the sealing agent S is filled between the outer surface of the pile member 20 and the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 12, it is reliably prevented that salt in the air enters the inside of the pile member 20. The progress of corrosion can be suppressed.

(9) Since the pile member 20 is driven using the driving jig 70, the foundation 1 can be constructed even in a place where large heavy machinery such as soft ground cannot travel.
(10) Since the pile member 20 is driven while confirming the position of the guide member 10 by the GPS device 42, the pile member 20 can be driven with high accuracy.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and modifications, improvements, etc. within a scope that can achieve the object of the present invention are included in the present invention.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the pile member 20 is fixed to the cylindrical portion 12 of the guide member 10 by the fixing member 30, but not limited to this, the pile member 20 may be fitted to the cylindrical portion 12.

In this embodiment, the guide member 10 is cast. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the guide member may be made of concrete or plastic.
Moreover, in this embodiment, although the pile member 20 was made into the steel pipe, it is not restricted to this, It is good also as a reinforced concrete pile manufactured using a steel pipe as a formwork, a reinforced steel bar, and a hard plastic pile.

  Moreover, you may construct | assemble a simple reinforced concrete pile in the field by inject | pouring a reinforcing bar, concrete, and mortar in the steel pipe which is the pile member 20. FIG. In this case, even if the outer steel pipe corrodes, long-term stability can be secured with the reinforced concrete pile. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a hard PVC pipe may be used instead of the steel pipe.

  Further, the pile member 20 may be subjected to hot dip galvanizing, hot dip aluminum plating, or other hot dip plating with a base-resistant metal to prevent corrosion.

The construction information of the foundation 1 may be transferred to another personal computer or tablet from the arithmetic processing unit 43 of the foundation construction system 40 described above.
In addition, the above-mentioned foundation construction system 40 is incorporated into CIM (Construction Information Modeling) to not only manage construction quality and finished form accuracy, but also create information necessary for process management and construction record creation at the same time as construction. Also good.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Foundation 2 ... Structure 3 ... Ground surface 10 ... Guide member 11 ... Main body 12 ... Tube part 13 ... Leg part 14 ... Through-hole 15A, 15B ... Through-hole 16 ... Cap 20 ... Pile member 23A, 23B ... Through-hole 30 ... Fixing member 31 ... Bolt 32 ... Nut 40 ... Foundation construction system 41 ... Placing device (placement means)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 42 ... GPS apparatus 43 ... Arithmetic processor 44 ... Display apparatus 45 ... Memory | storage device 50 ... Position measuring means 51 ... Supporting force calculation means 52 ... Judgment means 60 ... Fixed ruler 61 ... Through-hole 62 ... Wedge member 70 ... Placing jig 71 ... support part 72 ... support 73 ... annular part

Claims (5)

A guide member provided with a cylindrical part, and at least two pile members inserted through the cylindrical part of the guide member, the central axis of the cylindrical part being inclined with respect to the vertical direction and interfering with each other A foundation construction method for constructing a foundation that extends without
Temporarily fixing the guide member to the ground surface;
A step of inserting the pile member into the cylindrical portion of the guide member and driving at least the tip of the pile member into the ground.   The foundation construction method according to claim 1, further comprising a step of fixing the pile member to the cylindrical portion of the guide member after driving the pile member into the ground. In the step of temporarily fixing the guide member to the ground surface,
The foundation construction method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the guide member is temporarily fixed to the ground surface by temporarily fixing a frame-shaped fixing ruler surrounding the guide member to the ground surface. In the process of driving the pile member into the ground,
The foundation construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pile members facing each other are driven simultaneously. A guide member provided with a cylindrical part, and at least two pile members inserted through the cylindrical part of the guide member, the central axis of the cylindrical part being inclined with respect to the vertical direction and interfering with each other A foundation construction system that constructs a foundation that extends without
Position measuring means for measuring the position of the guide member;
Inserting means for driving the pile member into the ground by inserting the pile member into the cylindrical portion of the guide member;
Measuring the time required for driving the pile member, and a supporting force calculating means for calculating a supporting force of the pile member based on the measured time;
A foundation construction system comprising: a determination unit that determines whether the position of the guide member and the support force of the pile member are within a predetermined error range.

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