JP2016194308A - Selector valve - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a selector valve enabled by using itself to construct more easily a pressure type filtration device equipped with a plurality of filtration chambers.SOLUTION: A selector valve 30 is so constituted as can take the state in which raw water fed to the inside from a raw water entrance 32a is discharged from N raw water outflow ports 32b, and the state in which the raw water fed to the inside is discharged through (N-1) number of raw water passages 41a in a valve body 40 from (N-1) number of raw water discharge ports 32b, and in which the remaining one raw water discharge port 32b is discharged from an opening 32c through a cleaning water passage 41b in the valve body 40.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a switching valve, and more particularly, to a switching valve used for constructing a pressure filtration apparatus having a plurality of filtration chambers.

  As a filtration device for purifying raw water by filtration, a pressure filtration device (sealed filtration device) is known. In order to maintain the performance of the pressure filtration device, it is necessary to periodically carry out water washing for cleaning the filter medium and stabilizing the filter medium particles. One of the methods for cleaning the filter medium is backflow cleaning (hereinafter referred to as backwashing).

  Therefore, a system (for example, refer to Patent Document 1) has been developed in which a plurality of pressure filtration devices are combined so that each pressure filtration device can be backwashed with filtered water obtained from other pressure filtration devices. .

JP 2003-93808 A

  The above system requires a large number of valve devices (such as three-way valves) for its construction.

  Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a simpler pressure-type filtration device that can wash each filtration chamber with a plurality of filtration chambers by using it (the number of required valve devices). It is to provide a switching valve that can be constructed in a lesser form.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a switching valve for a pressure filtration apparatus having a plurality of filtration chambers according to the present invention comprises a cylindrical side wall part, a lid part covering the upper end of the side wall part, and the side wall part. And N bottom raw water outlets to be individually connected to the raw water inlets of the respective filtration chambers N times with respect to the center of the side wall portion. It is provided so as to be symmetrical, and a cleaning drainage port for discharging cleaning drainage is provided at the bottom, and filtration is performed at a portion above each raw water outlet of the lid or the side wall. A valve box provided with one or a plurality of raw water inlets for introducing raw water to be introduced into the valve box, and a columnar valve body accommodated in the valve box so as to be vertically movable and rotatable. And a position control means for controlling the vertical position and orientation of the valve body in the valve box. The valve box in the switching valve according to the present invention has a shape capable of lowering the valve body to a first position where an upper surface position of the valve body is lower than lower ends of the N raw water outlets. In the valve body, when the upper surface position of the valve body is the second position, N pieces of openings opened on the side surfaces of the valve body so as to be opposed to the N raw water outlets of the valve box. A flow path is provided, and a part of the N number of flow paths is a flow path for cleaning drainage that communicates a side surface and a lower surface of the valve body, and the cleaning drainage in the N number of flow paths. Each flow path that is not a flow path is a raw water flow path that communicates a side surface and an upper surface of the valve body, and the position control means is configured so that the upper surface position of the valve body is the first position. The function of controlling the vertical position of the valve body in the valve box, the upper surface position of the valve body is the second position, and the washing drainage As the opening faces the desired raw water outlet of the valve body at the side surface of the valve body of the flow channel, and a function of controlling the vertical position and orientation within the valve casing of the valve body.

That is, the switching valve of the present invention can take the following states.
(1) A state in which raw water supplied from one or more raw water inlets into the switching valve is supplied to N (≧ 3) filtration chambers from the raw water inlet of each filtration chamber (the upper surface of the valve body is (In the first position)
(2) m (m is a natural number smaller than N / 2; usually 1) The raw water introduction port and the washing drain port of one filtration chamber communicate with each other, and the raw water supplied into the switching valve is used as the remaining N A state in which the m filtration chambers are supplied from the raw water inlet of each filtration chamber (the upper surface position of the valve body is the second position, and the opening on the side surface of the valve body of the washing drainage channel is the desired original of the valve box) (The state facing the water outlet)

  Therefore, if the switching valve of the present invention is used, a pressure-type filtration device provided with N filtration chambers and capable of backwashing m filtration chambers with filtrate water from other Nm filtration chambers. It can be constructed (manufactured) without using a large number of valve devices.

  When realizing the switching valve of the present invention, as a position control means, a vertical drive that moves the valve body up and down so that the upper surface position of the valve body moves within the range from the first position to the second position. And a motion converting means for converting the vertical motion of the valve body into a rotational motion around the central axis of the valve body, and rotating the valve body by “360 / N” degrees by one reciprocating motion of the valve body; The valve body is lifted by the up-and-down driving means, and when the upper surface position thereof becomes the second position, N flow paths opened to the side surface of the valve body are the N You may make it accommodate in the said valve box so that the individual raw | natural water outflow port may be opposed.

  Various means can be adopted as the motion conversion means and the vertical drive means in the position control means having the above functions / configurations. For example, as a motion conversion means, a cylindrical member that is fixed to one of the valve body and the valve box and that has a cam groove on its side surface, and moves within the cam groove of the cylindrical member As described above, means including a cam follower fixed to the other of the valve body and the valve box may be employed. Further, as the vertical drive means, means for causing the valve body to move up and down by air pressure, hydraulic pressure, or a motor (for example, by moving a piston that moves up and down together with the valve body up and down in the cylinder by air pressure or hydraulic pressure, Means for moving the valve body up and down, and means for moving the valve body up and down by moving the shaft up and down together with the valve body by a motor may be employed.

  By using the switching valve of the present invention, a pressure type filtration device having a plurality of filtration chambers can be constructed (manufactured) more simply than before (the number of valve devices required is smaller than before). can do.

FIG. 1 is a top view of a pressure filtration device manufactured using a switching valve according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view of the pressure filtration device. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the internal structure of the pressure filtration device. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the switching valve taken along a plane passing through the center of the switching valve. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration (shape) of the valve body in the switching valve. FIG. 6 is a development view of a shaft portion that is a component of the switching valve. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of the switching valve. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the switching valve taken along line AA in FIG. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of the switching valve. FIG. 10A is an explanatory diagram of paths of raw water and the like during the filtration step of the pressure filtration device. FIG. 10B is an explanatory diagram of paths of raw water and the like during the backwashing process of the pressure filtration device. FIG. 10C is an explanatory diagram of paths of raw water and the like during a water removal process of the pressure filtration device. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a modification of the switching valve. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a pressure filtration device that can be manufactured using a switching valve. FIG. 13 is a top view of the pressure filtration apparatus shown in FIG.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  In FIG. 1, the top view of the pressure type filtration apparatus 1 manufactured using the switching valve 30 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is shown. Moreover, in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, the front view of the pressure type filtration apparatus 1 and the explanatory drawing of the internal structure of the pressure type filtration apparatus 1 are shown, respectively.

  The pressure type filtration apparatus 1 is a pressure type filtration apparatus that applies the principle of a self-backflow cleaning type filter basin. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the pressure filtration device 1 includes a filtration device body 10, a raw water pipe 20, filtered water pipes 22 a to 22 c, a drainage pipe 23, and the like.

  The raw water pipe 20 (FIG. 3) is a pipe for supplying water to be purified by the filtration apparatus main body 10 (hereinafter referred to as raw water) to the filtration apparatus main body 10. The filtration device body 10 filters the raw water supplied via the raw water pipe 20, and the raw water filtration result (hereinafter referred to as filtered water) is used as a filtered water outlet 22d (Fig. It is a device that flows out from 2). As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a raw water chamber 11, six filtration chambers 12, and a water purification chamber 13 are provided in the filtration apparatus main body 10. In addition, a switching valve 30 according to the present embodiment is attached to the central portion of the upper surface of the filtration device main body 10.

  The switching valve 30 according to the present embodiment is a six-way valve developed for the pressure filtration device 1 (filtration device body 10). As shown in FIG. 3, the switching valve 30 includes a switching valve main body 30 a housed in the outer shell 10 a of the filtration device main body 10 and a drive unit 30 b protruding from the outer shell 10 a.

  The switching valve main body 30a is a unit (valve device) in which a cylindrical valve body 40 moves up and down and rotates in a bottomed and covered cylindrical valve box. As shown in FIG. 3, six raw water inlets 32a are provided at equiangular intervals at the upper part of the side surface of the valve box of the switching valve main body 30a. In addition, six raw water outlets 32b are provided at equiangular intervals at portions below the raw water inlets 32a on the side of the valve box of the switching valve main body 30a. Furthermore, the lower surface of the switching valve main body 30a is provided with an opening 32c that functions as an outlet for cleaning wastewater (details will be described later). A drain pipe 24 extending to the outside of the outer shell 10a is connected.

  Before detailed description of the switching valve 30 (the switching valve main body 30a and the drive unit 30b), the configuration of the pressure filtration device 1 other than the switching valve 30 will be described.

  The raw water chamber 11 (FIG. 3) is a portion (container) to which raw water is supplied by the raw water pipe 20. The shape of the raw water chamber 11 (the shape of the partition wall in which the switching valve main body 30a is inserted, which is a component of the raw water chamber 11) is such that the outlet of the raw water supplied by the raw water pipe 20 is the switching valve main body. It is determined to be a raw water inlet 32a of 30a. Furthermore, the outlet of the raw water supplied from the raw water inlet 32a to the switching valve main body 30a is determined to be only the six raw water outlets 32b of the switching valve main body 30a.

  Each filtration chamber 12 (FIG. 3) has a filter medium 12a on a water collecting plate 15 (a partition plate that supports a filter medium 12a, collects filtered water, and disperses backwash water). This is the unit that was placed. In the filtration chamber 12 according to this embodiment, the water collecting plate 15 functions as a filtrate outlet. In FIG. 3, anthracite, manganese sand and filter gravel are shown as filter medium 12a. Filter medium 12a is for removing impurities contained in raw water, and the type, particle diameter, and uniformity coefficient of filter medium 12a. Etc. are determined by the components and concentrations to be removed.

  As shown in FIG. 1, each filtration chamber 12 has a shape in which the main part of the internal space of the filtration device main body 10 (outer shell 10 a) is radially divided into six equal parts from the center of the filtration device main body 10. . The switching valve 30 is attached to the filtration apparatus main body 10 so that raw water can be supplied from only one raw water outlet 32 b corresponding to each filtration chamber 12.

  The water purification chamber 13 (FIG. 3) is a space below the water collecting plate 15 inside the six filtration chambers 12 in the filtration apparatus main body 10. As shown in the figure, one end of a filtered water pipe 22b extending to the lower surface of the switching valve main body 30a is inserted into the water purification chamber 13 with the drain pipe 24 accommodated therein. One end of a filtered water pipe 22c extending almost horizontally to the outside of the outer shell 10a of the filtering device body 10 is connected to a portion of the filtered water pipe 22b above the upper surface of the filter medium 12a. A filtered water pipe 22a is connected to the other end of the filtered water pipe 22c, and the filtered water supplied from each filtration chamber 12 to the purified water chamber 13 during the raw water filtration process by the pressure filtration device 1 is filtered water pipe 22b. , 22c and 22a in this order, and flows out from the filtrate outlet 22d.

  In addition, even if filtered water is raised to a position above the upper surface of the filter medium 12a and then flows out, even if the supply amount of raw water decreases due to some factor, the filter medium 12a is placed in each filter chamber 12. This is to ensure that there is an amount of water to cover.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a filtrate water valve 27 for turning ON / OFF the outflow of filtrate water from the filtrate water outlet 22d is provided in the vicinity of the filtrate water outlet 22d of the filtrate water pipe 22a. The filtered water pipe 22 a is connected to the drain pipe 24 by a drain pipe 23 at a portion upstream of the filtered water valve 27. In the middle of the drain pipe 23, a drain valve 28 that is opened when the filtrate flowing through the filtrate pipe 22a flows out of the drain pipe 24 is provided.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of the switching valve 30 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the switching valve 30 cut along a plane passing through the center of the switching valve 30. FIG. However, in this cross-sectional view, hatching is omitted. 5A and 5B are a plan view and a side view of the valve body 40, respectively. FIG. 6 is a development view of the shaft portion 60 that is a component of the switching valve 30. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a positional relationship that can be taken by the valve body 40 of the switching valve 30 and the raw water outlet 32b, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the switching valve 30 taken along line AA in FIG. . FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of the switching valve 30.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the switching valve 30 is divided into a switching valve main body 30 a and a driving unit 30 b by an isolation plate 38.

  First, the configuration of the switching valve main body 30a will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the switching valve main body 30 includes an isolation plate 38, a casing 31, a valve body 40, and the like.

  The housing 31 is a member that functions as a valve box of the switching valve main body 30 a by being fixed to the isolation plate 38.

Six circular raw water inlets 32 a having the same diameter are provided on the upper side of the casing 31 at equal angular intervals. Six circular raw water outlets 32b having the same diameter are provided at equiangular intervals on the side of the casing 31 below the raw water inlets 32a. The diameter of the raw water outlet 32b is larger than the diameter of the raw water inlet 32a (in this embodiment, approximately 2.5 times the diameter of the raw water inlet 32a). And the housing | casing 31 has the shape which the valve body 40 accommodated in the inside can fall to the position where the upper surface of the valve body 40 becomes lower than the lower end of each raw | natural water outflow port 32b so that it may show in figure. Yes.

  The valve body 40 is a member having the shape shown in FIGS. That is, the valve body 40 is a substantially cylindrical member. Further, in the inside of the valve body 40, five raw water flow paths 41a communicating between the upper surface and the side surface of the valve body 40, and a flow for washing drainage communicating between the lower surface and the side surface of the valve body 40 are provided. A path 41b is provided. Hereinafter, the opening on the side surface and the opening on the upper surface side of the valve body 40 of the raw water channel 41a are referred to as the side surface opening and the upper surface side opening of the raw water channel 41a, respectively. Similarly, the opening on the side surface and the opening on the lower surface side of the valve body 40 of the cleaning / drainage channel 41b are referred to as the side surface opening and the lower surface side opening of the cleaning / drainage channel 41b, respectively. .

  Each raw water channel 41a provided in the valve body 40 is a channel having a diameter (inner diameter) substantially equal to that of the raw water inlet 32a. Further, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the five raw water flow paths 41a have the same shape.

  The washing drainage channel 41b provided in the valve body 40 is a channel having a larger channel cross-sectional area than the raw water channel 41a (in this embodiment, a circular channel having an inner diameter of approximately 2.5 times). ). The six channels in the valve body 40 (the five raw water channels 41a and the washing drain channel 41b) have an equiangular interval (that is, an interval of 60 °) between the centers of adjacent two side surface side openings. It is formed to become. Further, the side surface of the valve body 40 is provided with an O-ring groove (with a groove shape) that covers each side-side opening, and the valve body 40 has an O-ring attached to each O-ring groove. It is accommodated in the housing 31 in a state.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a stem 45 for rotating and vertically moving the valve body 40 within the housing 31 is attached to the central portion of the valve body 40. The stem 45 extends through the opening (bearing portion) of the isolation plate 38 into the drive unit 30b, and the opening of the isolation plate 38 moves the stem 45 up and down while maintaining airtightness and watertightness. And can be rotated.

  Next, the drive unit 30b of the switching valve 30 will be described. The drive unit 30b of the switching valve 30 is a unit for vertically moving and rotating the valve body 40 in the switching valve main body 30a (housing 31). As shown in FIG. 4, the drive unit 30 b includes a housing 50, a piston 53, and a shaft unit 60.

  The housing 50 includes a cylindrical cylinder portion 52, a top cover 51 that closes the upper end of the cylinder portion 52, and the like. The top cover 51 is provided with a compressed air introduction port 51a into which compressed air is introduced when the piston 53 is moved downward. Further, the isolation plate 38 that forms the lower surface of the drive unit 30b is provided with a compressed air introduction port 38a into which compressed air is introduced when the piston 53 is moved upward.

  The piston 53 is obtained by sealing the lower end of a cylindrical member 53b having an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder portion 52 with a disk-shaped member 53a. O-ring grooves are provided around the upper side and the lower side of the member 53b of the piston 53, and the piston 53 has a housing 50 (cylinder portion) in a state where the O-ring is fitted in each O-ring groove. 52).

  Near the upper end of the piston 53 (member 53b), a plurality (six in this embodiment) of cam followers 54 are attached at equal angular intervals.

  The shaft portion 60 is a cylindrical member fixed to the housing 50 (top cover 51). A cam groove 61 having a shape as shown in FIG. 6 is formed on the outer surface of the shaft portion 60.

  In other words, the cam groove 61 on the outer surface of the shaft portion 60 is configured such that when the cam follower 54 located at the lower end of the cam groove 61 rises and reaches the upper end of the cam groove 61 along the cam groove 61, It has a shape in which the relative angle with respect to the portion 60 changes by 30 ° in a certain direction. Further, when the cam follower 54 positioned at the upper end of the cam groove 61 descends along the cam groove 61 and reaches the lower end of the cam groove 61, the cam groove 61 has the same relative angle with respect to the shaft portion 60. Have a shape that changes by 30 °.

The switching valve 30 is determined so that the size of each part (the vertical length of the cam groove 61, the mounting angle of the valve body 40 with respect to the stem 45, etc.) satisfies the following conditions.
(1) When the cam follower 54 is positioned at the lower end of the cam groove 61, the upper surface of the valve body 40 is positioned lower than the lower ends of the raw water outlets 32b provided in the housing 31 (see FIG. 4). ). (2) When the cam follower 54 is positioned at the upper end of the cam groove 61, the state shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, that is, the side openings of the flow paths 41 a and 41 b in the valve body 40 are switched. It will be in the state which counters each raw | natural water outflow port 32b of the valve main-body part 30a.

  Hereinafter, the function of the pressure filtration apparatus 1 will be described. In the following description, the control device is a device (a kind of computer) that controls the filtered water valve 27, the drain valve 28, and the switching valve 30 of the pressure filtration device 1. The normal position refers to the position (see FIG. 4) of the valve body 40 in the casing 31 when the cam follower 54 is positioned at the lower end of the cam groove 61. The backwash position is a position (see FIG. 9) of the valve body 40 in the housing 31 when the cam follower 54 is located at the upper end of the cam groove 61. Further, the backwashing position for a certain filtration chamber 12 is the side surface of the washing drainage channel 41b among the six kinds of backwashing positions in which the orientation of the valve body 40 (rotation angle in the housing 31) is different. This is the backwash position where the side opening faces the filtration chamber 12.

  During the raw water filtration process by the pressure filtration device 1, the filtrate water valve 27, the waste water valve 28, the water drain valve 28 is closed, the water valve 28 is closed, and the valve body 40 is located at the normal position. The switching valve 30 is controlled by the control device. Hereinafter, the state in which the filtered water valve 27 is opened, the drain valve 28 is closed, and the valve body 40 is located at the normal position is referred to as a filtering state.

  The upper surface of the valve body 40 located in the normal position is at a position lower than the lower end of each raw water outlet 32b of the housing 31 (FIG. 4). Moreover, the shape of each raw | natural water outlet 32b is the same. Therefore, when the said state for filtration is formed, the raw | natural water which flowed in into the switching valve main-body part 30a from the raw | natural water chamber 11 via the six raw | natural water inflow ports 32a is sent to the six filtration chambers 12 by the six raw | natural water outlets 32b. Will be evenly distributed.

  And since the state for filtration is the state where the filtered water valve 27 is open and the wastewater valve 28 is closed, as schematically shown in FIG. 10A, the water is supplied from each filtration chamber 12 to the water purification chamber 13. The filtered water flows out from the filtered water outlet 22d through the filtered water pipe 22 (filtered water pipes 22b, 22c and 22a).

There are predetermined backwash start conditions, for example, “washing raw water for a specified time (for example, 24 to 48 hours)” or “backwash start conditions such that the filtration resistance increases and reaches a set value”. When satisfied, the control device performs a backwash process with the following content.

  The control device first forms a “backwashing state in which the filtered water valve 27 is closed, the drainage valve 28 is closed, and the valve body 40 is located at a backwashing position for a certain filtration chamber 12”. A first control process is performed. During the first control process, the control performed on the switching valve 30 is usually a control for rotating the valve body 40 in the normal position by 30 ° and raising it to the backwash position (ie, at the lower end). The piston 53 is lifted to the upper end). However, if the control performed on the switching valve 30 during the first control process is a control that positions the valve body 40 in the backwash position, even if the rotation angle of the valve body 40 is not 30 °. good.

  When the valve body 40 is located at the backwash position for a certain filtration chamber 12 (hereinafter, referred to as the cleaning target filtration chamber 12), the side opening portions of the flow paths 41a and 41b in the valve body 40 are It faces each raw water outlet 32b of the casing 31 (see FIG. 9). The raw water channel 41a and the cleaning drainage channel 41b communicate with each other between the side surface and the upper surface of the valve body 40 and between the side surface and the lower surface of the valve body 40, respectively. 41a has substantially the same shape.

  Therefore, when the valve body 40 is positioned at the backwash position for the filtration target filtration chamber 12, the raw water flowing from the raw water chamber 11 into the switching valve main body 30a is the five raw water flow paths 41a of the valve body 40. And is evenly distributed to the five filtration chambers 12 excluding the filtration chamber 12 to be cleaned.

  Moreover, when the valve body 40 is located in the backwashing position for the backwashing target filtration chamber 12, the raw water inlet 32b for supplying the raw water to the backwashing target filtration chamber 12 (raw water outlet 32b ) Is communicated with the drain pipe 24 by the cleaning drain passage 41b in the valve body 40. That is, since the raw water inlet is open (no raw water is introduced from the raw water inlet), the backwash target filtration chamber 12 is in a state where water can flow from the bottom to the top. And when both the filtered water valve 27 and the wastewater valve 28 are closed, the filtered water in the water purification chamber 13 cannot flow out to the filtered water pipe 22b side.

  Therefore, when the above-described backwashing state is formed, the backwashing target filtration chamber 12 is filtered by the filtered water from the five filtration chambers 12 excluding the backwashing target filtration chamber 12 as schematically shown in FIG. 10B. Is washed back and the washing wastewater from the backwashing target filtration chamber 12 flows out through the washing drainage channel 41 b (see FIG. 9) and the drainage pipe 24.

  The control device that has finished the first control process described above waits for the elapse of a backwash time (for example, 6 to 7 minutes) that is set in advance as the time for backwashing.

  When the backwash time has elapsed, the control device controls the switching valve 30 (drive unit 30a) to lower the piston 53 positioned at the upper end to the lower end and then raise the piston 53 to the upper end. When this control (hereinafter referred to as backwash destination change control) is performed, the valve body 40 is located at the backwash position for the filtration chamber 12 adjacent to the filtration chamber 12 after the backwash is completed. Wait for the backwash time to elapse.

  When the backwash time has elapsed, the control device again waits for the backwash time to elapse after performing the backwash destination change control.

  The control device repeats the above control until the backwashing of all the filtration chambers 12 is completed. When the backwashing of all the filtration chambers 12 is completed, the control device controls the switching valve 30 (drive unit 30a) to lower the piston 53 located at the upper end to the lower end, and opens it. The drain valve 28 is controlled so as to control.

  When the above control is performed on the switching valve 30 and the wastewater valve 28, a "state in which the filtered water valve 27 is closed, the wastewater valve 28 is opened, and the valve body 40 is located at the normal position" is formed. . Therefore, as schematically shown in FIG. 10C, filtrated water from the six filtration chambers flows out from the drainage pipe 24 through the drainage pipe 23.

  The control device that has formed the above-described state (hereinafter referred to as a state for water discharge) by controlling the switching valve 30 and the water discharge valve 28 waits for a preset time (for example, 10 minutes) to elapse. To do. Then, the control device controls the filtered water valve 27 and the drain valve 28 so that the filtered water valve 27 is opened and the drain valve 28 is closed when the time has elapsed. That is, the control device performs control for returning the pressure filtration device 1 to a state in which the raw water is filtered (a state in which filtered water from the six filtration chambers flows out from the filtered water outlet 22d). And the control apparatus which finished the said control will be in the state which is monitoring that the backwashing start conditions are satisfy | filled.

  As described above, if the switching valve 30 according to the present embodiment is used, the pressure filtration device 1 that can backwash each filtration chamber 12 with filtrate from other filtration chambers 12 can be manufactured. And when manufacturing the apparatus which has the same function as the pressure type filtration apparatus 1 without using the switching valve 30, one three-way valve or two two-way valves are provided on the raw water inlet side of each filtration chamber. Must-have. Therefore, if the switching valve 30 according to the present embodiment is used, the pressure type filtration device having N (≧ 3) filtration chambers can be more easily (the number of required valve devices is smaller). Can be manufactured.

  The pressure filtration device 1 described above includes a switching valve 30, six filtration chambers 12 arranged in a circle, and a raw water chamber 11 arranged in the center of the filtration chamber 12. And in the pressure type filtration apparatus 1, raw | natural water is supplied to each filtration chamber 12 from the raw | natural water outflow port 32b of the same shape provided in the switching valve main body 30a (refer FIG. 9). Therefore, in the pressure type filtration apparatus 1, a substantially uniform amount of raw water is supplied to each filtration chamber 12 during the filtration process.

  Moreover, the pressure-type filtration apparatus 1 functions as a filtered water path which introduces filtered water from the filtration chambers 12 other than the backwashing target filtration chamber 12 into the filtered water outlet (water collecting plate 15) of the backwashing target filtration chamber 12. A water purification chamber 13 is provided. The water purification chamber 13 is provided at the center of the six filtration chambers 12 (below the six filtration chambers 12; see FIG. 3). Therefore, in the pressure type filtration apparatus 1, the total amount of water filtered in the filtration chambers other than the backwashing target filtration chamber 12 during the backwashing process is supplied to the backwashing target filtration chamber 12.

  Furthermore, the filtration apparatus main body 10 of the pressure type filtration apparatus 1 has a raw water chamber 11, a plurality of filtration chambers 12 and the like arranged in a single shell 10 without any gaps. Therefore, the pressure-type filtration apparatus 1 is an apparatus that requires a smaller area than the pressure-type filtration apparatus that employs another configuration to equalize the raw water / filtered water to each filtration chamber.

<Deformation>
The switching valve 30 described above can be variously modified. For example, the drive unit 30b of the switching valve 30 may be transformed into a unit in which the piston 53 moves up and down by hydraulic pressure, or a unit in which the piston 53 (stem 45) moves up and down by a motor. Further, the drive unit 30b is transformed into a unit that includes a vertical movement mechanism for moving the valve body 40 up and down and a rotation mechanism for rotating the valve body 40 that functions independently of the vertical movement mechanism. Also good.

  The shape, number, and position of the raw water inlet 32a of the switching valve 30 may be any as long as the raw water can be supplied into the switching valve main body 30a from above the raw water outlet 32b. Therefore, for example, by changing the shape of the drive unit 30b, one relatively large raw water inlet 32a may be provided on the upper surface or side surface of the switching valve main body 30a.

  The number of the raw water outlets 32b of the switching valve 30 may be three or more. However, the backwash flow rate of the switching valve 30 provided with the N raw water outlets 32b is the filtration rate during the backwashing process of each filtration chamber serving as the supply source of the backwashing filtered water (hereinafter referred to as the backwashing process). N-1 times the speed). Therefore, the number of raw water outlets 32b is determined based on the backwash flow rate required for backwashing of the filtration chamber and the backwashing process speed of each filtration chamber.

  The switching valve 30 may be modified into a device that can backwash the two filtration chambers 12 at the same time during the backwashing process. For example, such a modification may be made by replacing the valve body 40 with the valve body 40 ′ having the shape shown in FIG. 11, that is, with four raw water passages 41 a and two washing drainage passages 41 b inside. This can be realized by changing to the valve body 40 ′ provided with.

  As described above, in the switching valve 30, the diameter of the raw water outlet 32b is approximately 2.5 times the diameter of the raw water inlet 32a, and the washing drainage flow path 41b of the valve body 40 in the switching valve 30 is provided. The internal diameter is approximately 2.5 times the internal diameter of the raw water channel 41a. Such a configuration is adopted for the switching valve 30 in the backwashing target filtration chamber 12 due to the flow resistance (see FIG. 9) of the cleaning drainage flow path 41b and the raw water outlet 32b during the backwashing process. This is to prevent the amount of filtered water that flows backward from being restricted. Further, in order to allow the required amount of filtered water to flow back through the filtration chamber 12 during the backwashing step, the cross-sectional area ratio between the washing drainage channel 41b and the raw water channel 41a may be larger / smaller than those described above. good.

  You may manufacture the pressure type filtration apparatus 2 which has the structure shown in FIG.11 and FIG.12 using the switching valve 30. FIG. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the pressure filtration device 2, and FIG. 12 is a top view of the pressure filtration device 2.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of the pressure filtration device 2 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the pressure filtration device 2 includes six filtration chambers 70, raw water chambers 71, raw water pipes 80 for supplying raw water into the raw water chamber 71, and the like.

  Each filtration chamber 70 of the pressure-type filtration device 2 is a filtration chamber (filter) having the same configuration in which a filter medium (anthracite, manganese sand, and filtration gravel in FIG. 11) is disposed on the water collecting plate 70c. As shown in FIG. 12, the six filtration chambers 70 of the pressure filtration device 2 are arranged in a circular shape centering on a portion composed of the raw water chamber 71, the switching valve 30 (switching valve main body 30a) and the like. Yes.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the switching valve body 30a penetrates the raw water chamber 71 through the upper and lower surfaces thereof, and the raw water in the raw water chamber 71 enters the switching valve body 30a from each raw water inlet 32a. A switching valve 30 is attached in an inflowing manner. Each raw water outlet 32b of the switching valve main body 30a of the switching valve 30 is connected to a raw water inlet 70a of a specific filtration chamber 70 by piping, and is vertically below the opening 32c of the switching valve main body 30a. A drain pipe 83 that extends and penetrates the water purification chamber 73 is attached.

  The filtered water outlet 70 b of each filtration chamber 70 is connected to the water purification chamber 73. One end of a filtered water pipe 81 a extending to the lower surface of the drainage chamber 72 is inserted into the water purification chamber 73 so as to accommodate the drainage pipe 83 therein. The other end of the filtered water pipe 81b, one end of which functions as the filtered water port 81d, is connected to the portion of the filtered water pipe 81a above the upper surface of the filter medium in each filtration chamber 70. A filtered water valve 76 is provided in the vicinity of the filtered water port 81d of the filtered water pipe 81b, and a part upstream of the filtered water valve 76 of the filtered water pipe 81b and the drain pipe 83 are provided with a drain valve 77. The waste water pipe 82 communicates.

Even if the switching valve 30 is used in such a form, it is possible to realize the pressure filtration device 2 in which the raw water and the backwash filtered water are uniformly supplied to each filtration chamber.

  The pressure-type filtration device according to each embodiment has six filtration chambers and is configured as a device in which one filtration chamber is back-washed during the backwashing process. At the time of development, the flow rate required for backwashing (hereinafter referred to as backwashing flow rate) is 1000 m / day, and the filtration rate during the backwashing step (hereinafter referred to as filtration rate during the backwashing step) is 200 m. This is because it is assumed to be / day. That is, when the backwashing flow rate and the filtration rate during the backwashing process are the above values, the flow rate (filtered water amount) necessary for backwashing of one filtration chamber can be secured with filtrated water from the five filtration chambers. Therefore, the pressure-type filtration device according to each embodiment has six filtration chambers and is configured as a device in which one filtration chamber is backwashed during the backwashing process. The number may not be six, and the number of filtration chambers backwashed during the backwashing process may not be one.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 2 ... Pressure-type filtration apparatus 10 ... Outer 11, 71 ... Raw water chamber 12a ... Filter medium 12, 70 ... Filtration chamber 13, 73 ... Water purification chamber 15 ... Water collection Board (filtered water outlet)
18 ... maintenance port 20, 80 ... raw water pipe 22a-22c, 81a, 81b ... filtered water pipe 22d ... filtered water outlet 23, 82 ... waste water pipe 24, 83 ... drain pipe 27 , 76 ... Filtration water valve 28, 77 ... Waste water valve 30 ... Switching valve 30a ... Main body 30b ... Drive part 31, 50 ... Housing 32c ... Opening part 32a ... Raw water inlet 32b ... Raw water outlet 38a, 51a ... Compressed air inlet 38 ... Isolation plate 40 ... Valve element 41a ... Raw water channel 41b ... For washing drainage Flow path 45 ... Stem 52 ... Cylinder part 53 ... Piston 54 ... Cam follower 60 ... Shaft part 61 ... Cam groove 70a ... Raw water inlet 70b ... Filute water outlet 70c ... Water collecting plate

Claims (5)

In a switching valve for a pressure filtration device with a plurality of filtration chambers,
A valve box having a cylindrical side wall, a lid that covers the upper end of the side wall, and a bottom that covers the lower end of the side wall, and is individually connected to the raw water inlet of each filtration chamber. N raw water outlets to be provided are provided so as to be N times symmetrical with respect to the center of the side wall part, and a washing drain port for discharging washing drainage is provided at the bottom part, A valve box provided with one or a plurality of raw water inlets for introducing raw water to be filtered into the valve box at a portion above each raw water outlet of the lid or the side wall;
A cylindrical valve body accommodated in the valve box so as to be vertically movable and rotatable,
Position control means for controlling the vertical position and orientation of the valve body in the valve box;
With
The valve box has a shape capable of lowering the valve body to a first position where an upper surface position of the valve body is lower than lower ends of the N raw water outlets,
In the valve body, when the upper surface position of the valve body is the second position, N flow paths opened on the side surface of the valve body so as to face the N raw water outlets of the valve box Is provided,
A part of the N channels is a cleaning drainage channel that communicates a side surface and a lower surface of the valve body,
Of the N channels, each channel that is not a cleaning drainage channel is a raw water channel that communicates the side surface and the upper surface of the valve body,
The position control means controls the vertical position of the valve body in the valve box so that the upper surface position of the valve body is the first position, and the upper surface position of the valve body is the second position. And the vertical position and orientation of the valve body in the valve box are controlled so that the opening in the side surface of the valve body of the cleaning drainage channel faces the desired raw water outlet of the valve box. A switching valve characterized by having a function to perform. The position control means includes
Vertical drive means for moving the valve body up and down so that the upper surface position of the valve body moves within a range from the first position to the second position;
A motion converting means for converting the vertical motion of the valve body into a rotational motion around the central axis of the valve body, and rotating the valve body by "360 / N" degrees with one reciprocating motion of the valve body;
Including
When the valve body is lifted by the vertical drive means and its upper surface position becomes the second position, N flow paths opened on the side surfaces of the valve body face the N raw water outlets. The switching valve according to claim 1, wherein the switching valve is housed in the valve box. The movement converting means is fixed to one of the valve body and the valve box, and moves in a cam groove of the cylindrical member, the cylindrical member having a cam groove provided on a side surface thereof. The switching valve according to claim 2, further comprising: a cam follower fixed to either the valve body or the valve box. The switching valve according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the vertical drive means causes the valve body to move up and down by air pressure, hydraulic pressure, or a motor. The switching valve according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the washing drainage channel is a channel having a larger cross-sectional area than the raw water channel.

Images