JP2016041782A - Method for constructing coke oven - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a coke oven construction method capable of reducing time and labor required for construction work.SOLUTION: A method for constructing a coke oven 1, in which a carbonization chamber 4 and a combustion chamber 3 are alternately arranged through a brick wall 10 formed by piling up bricks 11, adopts a method including the steps of: mounting bricks 11 on a pallet 100 outside a brick wall area 30 where the bricks 11 are piled up; carrying the pallet 100 mounted with the bricks 11; and depalletizing the bricks 11, mounted on the pallet 100, into the brick wall area 30.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for constructing a coke oven.

  The coke oven is to dry-coal (steam) coal as a raw material to generate coke (see Patent Document 1). In this coke oven, carbonization chambers and combustion chambers are alternately arranged adjacent to each other. The carbonization chamber is a space where coal is carbonized. The combustion chamber is a space for burning fuel gas and generating heat. Coke generated by dry distillation for a predetermined time is extruded from the carbonization chamber by an extruder, loaded on a fire extinguisher, and then conveyed to a coke dry fire extinguishing facility (CDQ) or the like.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-19969

The carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber are constructed by brick walls made up of fire-resistant bricks. Each room has a height of several meters, a length of several tens of meters, and a width of about ½ meter. An operator constructs brick walls by arranging bricks one by one manually. In the conventional method, as the building work progresses and the brick wall becomes taller, a steel structure deck is assembled, the bricks stocked on the deck are brought into the brick wall area, and arranged manually.
However, if the bricks to be arranged are on the deck outside the brick wall area, the operator will reciprocate a long distance. For this reason, in the conventional method, the construction work takes a lot of time and labor.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a coke oven that can reduce the time and labor required for construction work.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is a method for constructing a coke oven in which carbonization chambers and combustion chambers are alternately arranged via brick walls formed by stacking bricks, and the brick wall area in which the bricks are stacked A step of placing the brick on a pallet, a step of conveying the pallet on which the brick is placed to the brick wall area, and a step of placing the brick on the pallet conveyed to the brick wall area. And a method of loading and unloading to a wall area.

  Further, in the present invention, the step of placing the pallet transported to the brick wall area so as to overlap a part of the brick wall area, and the brick placed on the pallet not overlapping the pallet And a method of loading and unloading to a wall area.

  Further, in the present invention, a step of providing a pre-placement lifting platform that can be raised and lowered outside the brick wall area, and a portion that protrudes outside the brick wall area of the pallet that overlaps a part of the brick wall area Is supported by the pre-position lifting platform.

  Further, in the present invention, the pallet is separable, and after the brick is loaded on the brick wall area not overlapping with the pallet, the pallet of the portion on which the brick is placed is divided. And a step of newly exposing the brick wall area that does not overlap with the pallet is employed.

  Further, in the present invention, the brick wall includes bricks having different sizes for each place in the longitudinal direction, and has a step of placing the bricks on the pallet in an arrangement corresponding to the brick walls. Is adopted.

  Moreover, in this invention, the process which divides | segments the said brick into the 1st brick group from which a magnitude | size differs for every place in the longitudinal direction of the said brick wall, and the other 2nd brick group, and said 2nd A method is employed in which a brick group is arranged on the pallet by a robot and a first brick group is arranged on the pallet manually.

  Further, in the present invention, there is a step of providing a work lifting platform that can be moved up and down on the outer side of the brick wall area and on the side opposite to the side where the pallet that overlaps a part of the brick wall area protrudes. The method is adopted.

  In the present invention, a method is adopted in which the work lifting platform is guided by a column of a building that covers the brick wall area so as to be movable up and down.

According to the present invention, since bricks are placed on the pallet outside the brick wall area where bricks are stacked, bricks can be arranged in parallel with the bricks stacking work in the brick wall area, and the work time can be shortened. Further, according to the present invention, the pallet on which bricks are placed is transported to the brick wall area, and the bricks placed on the pallet are loaded onto the brick wall area, so that the bricks to be arranged are inside the brick wall area, It is possible to shorten the reciprocating distance of the operator who arranges.
Therefore, in the present invention, the time and labor required for the construction work can be reduced.

It is a front view of the construction site of the coke oven in the embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the construction site of the coke oven in the embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram of the brick wall corresponding to the arrow AA cross section of FIG. It is the block diagram of the brick wall corresponding to the arrow BB cross section of FIG. 3, and the exploded view of a brick wall. It is a flow which mounts the brick in embodiment of this invention on a pallet. It is process drawing which mounts the brick in embodiment of this invention on a pallet. It is the flow which conveys the pallet in embodiment of this invention to a brick wall area, and unloads a brick. It is process drawing which loads the brick in embodiment of this invention on a brick wall area.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a front view of a construction site of a coke oven 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the construction site of the coke oven 1 in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of the brick wall 10 corresponding to the cross section taken along the line AA in FIG. FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of the brick wall 10 corresponding to the cross section taken along the line B-B in FIG. 3 and an exploded view of the brick wall 10.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the coke oven 1 has a heat storage chamber 2 at the lower portion of the furnace body, and combustion chambers 3 and carbonization chambers 4 are alternately arranged at the upper portion thereof (see FIG. 2). The coke oven 1 burns fuel gas in the combustion chamber 3 and dry-coales the raw material coal in the carbonization chamber 4 by the heat to generate coke. The heat storage chamber 2 performs heat exchange of fuel gas or air in an area stored with combustion exhaust gas, and effectively uses sensible heat of the combustion exhaust gas.

  The combustion exhaust gas passes through the heat storage chamber 2, exchanges heat with fuel gas and air, and then is discharged from the chimney through the flue 5. In the coke oven 1, a combustion chamber 3 and a carbonization chamber 4 are provided adjacent to each other via a brick wall 10. As shown in FIG. 3, the brick wall 10 is formed by stacking bricks 11 and adhering upper and lower brick joints with mortar. The brick wall 10 forms a combustion gas passage 12 and an air passage 13.

  A plurality of combustion gas passages 12 and air passages 13 are formed in the longitudinal direction of the brick wall 10 as shown in FIG. The brick wall 10 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view, and as shown in FIG. 2, the carbonization chamber 4 is formed between the brick walls 10 adjacent in the width direction. The carbonization chamber 4 has a height of several meters, a length of several tens of meters, and a width of about ½ meter. The coke generated in the carbonization chamber 4 is extruded along the longitudinal direction of the brick wall 10. The brick walls 10 have different widths in the longitudinal direction so that coke can be extruded.

  The width of the brick wall 10 is gradually changed in the longitudinal direction, and the carbonization chamber 4 shown in FIG. 2 has a smaller number of coke-extruding side (pusher side 32) than coke-extruding side (coke side 31). It is narrowed by centimeters to tens of centimeters. The brick wall 10 includes bricks 11 having different sizes for each place in the longitudinal direction. As shown in FIG. 4B, the brick wall 10 has a small brick group 11a (second brick group) having a relatively small size and a small size in the longitudinal direction, and a multi-type brick whose size is varied. And a group 11b (first brick group).

  The small-type brick group 11a includes an air channel portion 11a1 that forms the air channel 13 and a side wall portion 11a2 that forms a side wall. The multi-type brick group 11b includes a connection portion 11b1 that connects between the air flow path portion 11a1 and the side wall portion 11a2, and both end portions 11b2 that form both ends of the brick wall 10 in the longitudinal direction. The connecting portion 11b1 gradually decreases in length in the width direction (up and down direction in the drawing in FIG. 4B) toward the coke side 31 (left side in the drawing in FIG. 4B). Further, the end portions 11b2 are shorter in the width direction in the coke side 31 than in the pusher side 32 (on the right side in FIG. 4B).

  Returning to FIG. 1, the site where the brick wall 10 is constructed is covered with a building 20. The building 20 includes a roof portion 21 and a plurality of column portions 22 that support the roof portion 21. The column portion 22 is provided on the coke side 31 and the pusher side 32 with the brick wall area 30 on which the bricks 11 are stacked. As shown in FIG. 2, the pusher side 32 is provided with an automatic arrangement work area 33 for placing the bricks 11 on the pallet 100 and a manual arrangement work area 34.

The automatic arrangement work area 33 is a work area where the bricks 11 are placed on the pallet 100 by the robot 35. The robot 35 is an articulated arm robot, and arranges predetermined bricks 11 on the pallet 100 in accordance with a set operation program.
The manual arrangement work area 34 is a work area where the bricks 11 are manually placed on the pallet 100. In the manual arrangement work area 34, the remaining bricks 11 that have not been automatically arranged are arranged on the pallet 100. The pallet 100 on which the brick 11 is placed is stocked in the manual arrangement work area 34. The manual arrangement work area 34 is provided with a small luggage lifting area 36 and a staircase 37.

As shown in FIG. 1, the building 20 is provided with a hoisting machine 40 that winds up a pallet 100 and other loads. The hoisting machine 40 is guided along the rail 41 and is configured to be movable between the manual arrangement work area 34 and the brick wall area 30.
Further, a pre-placement lifting platform 42 is provided on the coke side 31 outside the brick wall area 30. The pre-arrangement lift 42 is configured to be lifted and lowered along a lift rail 43 provided on the coke side 31.

  The pre-arrangement lifting platform 42 is for placing a part of the pallet 100 protruding from the brick wall area 30 as described later. For this reason, the loading load of the pre-arrangement lifting / lowering platform 42 may be small, and for example, a lifter for cleaning a wall for an apartment can be used. As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of the pre-arrangement elevators 42 are provided in the longitudinal direction of the heat storage chamber 2 (the width direction of the brick wall 10), and each can be moved up and down independently. .

  A work lifting platform 44 is provided on the pusher side 32 outside the brick wall area 30. A plurality of work lifts 44 are provided in the longitudinal direction of the heat storage chamber 2 (in the width direction of the brick wall 10) at the same pitch as the pre-positioning lift 42, and each can be lifted and lowered independently. ing. The work lifting platform 44 is for mounting materials such as mortar for loading the bricks 11 in the brick wall area 30 and tools, and is wider than the pre-positioning lifting platform 42 and has a larger load. It has become. Note that the pitch of the pre-arrangement lift 42 and the work lift 44 may not be the same, and if the space is not limited, the configurations of both may be reversed.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the work lifting platform 44 on the pusher side 32 is guided by the column portion 22 of the building 20 so as to be movable up and down. The pusher side 32 has a limited space for installing an extruder or the like for extruding coke, and cannot accept a large crane or the like, but it can be loaded by using the pillar portion 22 which is a strength member of the building 20. A work lifting platform 44 having a large load can be installed. The work lifting platform 44 includes a guide portion 45 guided by the column portion 22. For example, a roller guide or the like can be employed for the guide portion 45.

  As shown in FIG. 2, both sides of the work lift 44 are supported by a lift mechanism 46. As the lifting mechanism 46, for example, an electric ball screw mechanism that can lift and lower the work lifting platform 44 steplessly can be adopted. As shown in FIG. 1, the work lift 44 is installed on a stand 47 that stands along the heat storage chamber 2. The work lifting platform 44 is provided with a platform scaffolding that can be deployed with a hinge or the like at the tip thereof so that an operator who loads the bricks 11 with mortar can easily transfer to the brick wall area 30. And a brick wall area 30.

  Next, the work at the construction site of the coke oven 1 described above (a coke oven construction method, hereinafter may be referred to as the present method) will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 5 is a flow for placing the brick 11 on the pallet 100 in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a process diagram for placing the brick 11 on the pallet 100 in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a flow for transporting the pallet 100 to the brick wall area 30 and loading and unloading the brick 11 in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a process diagram for loading the brick 11 in the embodiment of the present invention onto the brick wall area 30.

  In this method, first, the brick 11 is placed on the pallet 100 (step S1). As shown in FIG. 6A, the pallet 100 has a rectangular plate shape and has substantially the same length as the brick wall 10. The pallet 100 has a configuration in which a plurality of pallet pieces 101 are connected in the longitudinal direction, and can be divided into a plurality of pallet pieces 101. The pallet pieces 101 are connected to each other by bolts and nuts. If the fitting structure between the pallet pieces 101 is strong, other connecting means may be used. Moreover, if the pallet piece 101 is restrained by the jig | tool which lifts the pallet 100, the pallet pieces 101 do not need to be connected. In this case, the fitting structure between the pallet pieces 101 can be simplified.

  In step S1, the predetermined bricks 11 shown in FIG. 6B are automatically arranged by the robot 35 in the automatic arrangement work area 33 shown in FIG. The bricks 11 that are automatically arranged by the robot 35 are small brick groups 11a whose sizes do not change. Since the small-type brick group 11a has few types (several types), the operation program of the robot 35 can be assembled relatively easily. As shown in FIG. 6 (b), the robot 35 of the present embodiment arranges the air flow path portions 11a1 of the small-type brick group 11a in the center of the pallet 100 and surrounds the small-type brick group 11a so as to surround it. Sidewall portions 11a2 are arranged.

  In step S1, in the manual arrangement work area 34 shown in FIG. 2, the remaining bricks 11 are manually arranged on the pallet 100 manually as shown in FIG. 6C. The bricks 11 manually arranged by hand are a multi-type brick group 11b whose size changes. Since the multi-type brick group 11b has many types (several tens of types), when the robot 35 tries to automatically arrange the multi-type brick group 11b, for example, a dedicated operation program must be created for each of the multi-type brick group 11b. It takes a lot of effort. For this reason, in this method, it arranges manually.

  As shown in FIG.6 (c), an operator arrange | positions the connection part 11b1 and the both ends 11b2 of the multi-type brick group 11b so that the circumference | surroundings of the small-type brick group 11a may be enclosed. The arrangement shown in FIG. 6C is an arrangement in which the width of the brick wall 10 is gradually reduced from the pusher side 32 toward the coke side 31 in the longitudinal direction. That is, it is an arrangement corresponding to the brick wall 10 to be assembled (see FIG. 4A). For example, the length of the connecting portion 11b1 gradually decreases toward the coke side 31 (left side in FIG. 6C). Arrange them to be things. Each of the bricks 11 is numbered in the order of arrangement, and the operator places the bricks 11 on the pallet 100 in the order of the numbers.

Next, the pallet 100 on which the brick 11 is mounted is stocked in the manual arrangement work area 34 (step S2). In this method, since the bricks 11 are stacked one by one every day, it is only necessary to stock the same number of pallets 100 as the rows of the brick walls 10.
Thus, the process of placing the brick 11 on the pallet 100 outside the brick wall area 30 where the brick 11 is stacked is completed.

  In this method, the buffer area of the brick 11 is also divided into two types of areas, a small-type brick group 11a and a multi-type brick group 11b. Since there are few types of buffer areas of the small-type brick group 11a, it is preferable that the buffer area is an area for carrying in and out by an unmanned lifter. Moreover, since there are many types of buffer areas of the multi-type brick group 11b, it is preferable to use an area for carrying in by a manned lift and carrying out manually.

  Subsequently, in this method, the pallet 100 on which the brick 11 is placed is conveyed (step S11). The pallet 100 is conveyed by a hoist 40 shown in FIG. The pallet 100 stocked in the manual arrangement work area 34 is rolled up by the hoisting machine 40 and conveyed to the brick wall area 30. In addition, conveyance of the pallet 100 which mounted the brick 11 is performed after the work of the brick 11 for a day is completed. Conventionally, the transport of the brick 11 is performed during the day, and in order to perform the lifting work of the brick 11, it has been necessary to allocate the work area and the work time of the brick 11. According to this, it is not necessary to interrupt the stacking work of the bricks 11 during the daytime, and the work efficiency can be improved.

  In this method, next, the pallet 100 on which the brick is placed is placed so as to overlap a part of the brick wall area 30 (step S12). Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the pallet 100 is placed on the brick wall area 30 while being shifted in the longitudinal direction by several blocks. The shift amount of the pallet 100 is preferably set to 2 to 3 blocks in consideration of workability. By placing the pallet 100 in this manner, the pallet 100 partially protrudes to the coke side 31 outside the brick wall area 30.

  Here, in the present method, as shown in FIG. 1, the pre-arrangement lifting / lowering platform 42 provided outside the brick wall area 30 causes the brick wall area 30 of the pallet 100 to overlap with the brick wall area 30. Support the protruding part. Thereby, the pallet 100 can be supported stably. Since the pre-arrangement lifting / lowering platform 42 supports two to three blocks of the pallet 100, it may have a small width and a small loading load, and can be installed even in a narrow gap in the coke side 31. Note that the pre-arrangement elevator 42 is set in advance to the height of the brick 11 and is used as a support for the pallet 100 of the day.

  In this method, next, the brick 11 is unloaded from the pallet 100 (step S13). As shown in FIG. 8A, when the pallet 100 on which the brick 11 is placed is placed so as to overlap a part of the brick wall area 30, the brick wall area 30 on which the brick 11 is to be loaded and unloaded is exposed by several blocks. To do. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 8B, the worker can load and unload the brick 11 placed on the pallet 100 onto the brick wall area 30 that does not overlap the pallet 100.

  In this method, next, the pallet 100 is divided (step S14). In this method, the pallet 100 can be divided, and after the brick 11 is loaded on the brick wall area 30 that does not overlap the pallet 100, the brick 11 is placed as shown in FIG. Part of the pallet piece 101 is divided and removed, and the brick wall area 30 not overlapping the pallet 100 is newly exposed. Accordingly, the operator can load and unload the next brick 11 placed on the pallet 100 onto the next brick wall area 30 that does not overlap the pallet 100.

In this method, the above-described unloading of the brick 11 and the division of the pallet 100 are repeated, and all the bricks 11 on the pallet 100 are loaded onto the brick wall area 30 (step S15). The divided pallet piece 101 is placed on the work lift 44 and lowered to the ground after work.
As described above, the step of placing the pallet 100 on which the brick 11 is placed so as to overlap a part of the brick wall area 30, and the step of loading and unloading the brick 11 placed on the pallet 100 onto the brick wall area 30 that does not overlap with the pallet 100. And end.

  When the bricks 11 are stacked one stage, the work for one day in the brick wall area 30 is completed. In addition, as the stacking of the bricks 11 progresses and the brick wall 10 becomes higher, the scaffold for the worker in the brick wall area 30 is raised as necessary. This scaffold is a wooden scaffold that has been used in the past. The scaffold assembled on the ground is transported by the hoisting machine 40 and manually disposed between the adjacent brick walls 10 (carbonization chamber 4). As for the transport of the scaffold, for example, by transporting a pre-assembled unit in units of several meters on the ground, the time can be shortened compared to the conventional case. When the scaffold is raised, the work lifting platform 44 provided on the pusher side 32 outside the brick wall area 30 is raised, and the step between the scaffold and the work lifting platform 44 is eliminated. Thereby, a level | step difference can be eliminated and the safety | security on work can be improved. Since the work lifting platform 44 is lifted as it is by the lifting mechanism 46, it is possible to save work without having to dispose of the loaded load or recombine the deck.

As described above, according to the present method, the brick 11 is placed on the pallet 100 outside the brick wall area 30 where the bricks 11 are stacked, so that the bricks 11 are stacked in parallel with the stacking work of the bricks 11 in the brick wall area 30. Arrangement work can be done and work time can be shortened. In addition, when the operation | work which uses a crane generate | occur | produces, it can respond by distributing work time or paying the area manually so that an up-and-down operation does not occur in an area that is operated in parallel.
Moreover, according to this method, since the pallet 100 on which the brick 11 is placed is placed so as to overlap a part of the brick wall area 30, the brick 11 placed on the pallet 100 can be arranged in the brick wall area 30. Moreover, according to this method, since the bricks 11 placed on the pallet 100 are loaded and unloaded on the brick wall area 30 that does not overlap the pallet 100, the bricks 11 to be arranged are inside the brick wall area 30, and the bricks 11 are arranged. The reciprocating distance of the worker who performs can be reduced to 2 to 3 blocks.

  Thus, according to the above-described embodiment, a method for constructing the coke oven 1 in which the carbonization chambers 4 and the combustion chambers 3 are alternately arranged via the brick wall 10 formed by stacking the bricks 11, the brick 11 Outside the brick wall area 30 where the bricks 11 are stacked, the step of placing the brick 11 on the pallet 100, the step of placing the pallet 100 on which the brick 11 is placed so as to overlap a part of the brick wall area 30, and the brick placed on the pallet 100 By adopting a method of loading and unloading 11 onto a brick wall area 30 that does not overlap with the pallet 100, the time and labor required for the construction work can be reduced.

  As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described referring drawings, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment. The methods and the shapes and combinations of the constituent members shown in the above-described embodiments are examples, and various modifications can be made based on design requirements and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention.

  Further, for example, in the above embodiment, the pallet 100 is separable, and after the brick 11 is loaded and unloaded on the brick wall area 30 that does not overlap the pallet 100, the pallet piece 101 of the portion on which the brick 11 is placed. Has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this method, for example, it takes a lot of time to carry the pallet. If the brick 11 is carried in units of pieces 101, the distance that the operator reciprocates can be shortened as in the above embodiment.

  Further, for example, in the above embodiment, the automatic arrangement work area 33 and the manual arrangement work area 34 are set under the building 20 and the brick 11 is placed on the pallet 100. However, the present invention is limited to this method. Instead, for example, a technique may be employed in which the brick 11 is placed on the pallet 100 in advance outside the building 20 where there is no space limitation, and the brick 11 is conveyed into the building 20.

1 Coke Oven 3 Combustion Chamber 4 Carbonization Chamber 10 Brick Wall 11 Brick 11a Small Brick Group (Second Brick Group)
11b Multi-type brick group (first brick group)
20 Building 22 Column 30 Brick Wall Area 35 Robot 42 Pre-placement Lift 44 Work Lift 100 Pallet 101 Pallet Piece

Claims (8)

A method for constructing a coke oven in which carbonization chambers and combustion chambers are alternately arranged via brick walls formed by stacking bricks,
Placing the bricks on a pallet outside the brick wall area where the bricks are stacked;
Transporting the pallet with the bricks to the brick wall area;
And a step of loading and unloading the bricks placed on the pallet transported to the brick wall area onto the brick wall area. Placing the pallet transported to the brick wall area so as to overlap a part of the brick wall area;
The method for constructing a coke oven according to claim 1, further comprising a step of unloading the brick placed on the pallet in the brick wall area that does not overlap the pallet. A step of providing a lifting platform for advance arrangement that can be raised and lowered outside the brick wall area;
The portion of the pallet that overlaps with a part of the brick wall area and that protrudes to the outside of the brick wall area is supported by the pre-arrangement elevator. How to build a coke oven. The pallet is separable,
After loading the bricks on the brick wall area that does not overlap the pallet, the pallet of the part on which the bricks are placed is divided and removed to newly expose the brick wall area that does not overlap the pallet The method for constructing a coke oven according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises a step. The brick wall includes bricks having different sizes for each place in the longitudinal direction,
The method for constructing a coke oven according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a step of placing the brick on the pallet in an arrangement corresponding to the brick wall. Dividing the brick into a first brick group having a different size for each location in the longitudinal direction of the brick wall and a second brick group other than the first brick group;
Arranging the second brick group on the pallet by a robot;
The method for constructing a coke oven according to claim 5, further comprising the step of manually arranging the first brick group on the pallet.   The outside of the brick wall area, and having a step of providing a work lifting platform that can be lifted and lowered on a side opposite to a side from which the pallet that overlaps a part of the brick wall area protrudes. The construction method of the coke oven as described in any one of 1-6.   The construction method for a coke oven according to claim 7, wherein the work lifting platform is guided so as to be movable up and down by a pillar portion of a building that covers the brick wall area.

Images