JP2016041225A - Operation room, and air-conditioning system and air-conditioning method of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air-conditioning system and an air-conditioning method capable of realizing an environment comfortable for both a patient and an operator in an operation room.SOLUTION: The air-conditioning system in an operation room (1) comprises: first air-conditioners (11, 12, 13) for supplying clean air at a first temperature flowing down from a ceiling (3) toward a surgical bed (31); and second air-conditioners (21, 22, 23, 24, 25) for supplying clean air at a second temperature lower than the first temperature flowing down from a ceiling surface (3a) along a wall surface (4a) by a Coanda effect.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to an operating room, its air conditioning system, and air conditioning method.

  Conventionally, in an operating room, it is common to supply clean air adjusted to a predetermined temperature and humidity so as to form a laminar flow from the ceiling toward the floor.

  In this case, doctors and nurses (hereinafter referred to as “practitioners”) and the patient being treated are in substantially the same environment. Therefore, when the temperature of the clean air is set according to the patient on the operating table, the environment is likely to be too hot for the practitioner due to the action of heat from a heating element such as a surgical light. On the other hand, when the temperature of the clean air is set in accordance with the practitioner, the environment tends to be too cold for the patient, and the patient tends to fall into a low body temperature.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide an air conditioning system and an air conditioning method capable of realizing a comfortable environment for both a patient and a practitioner in an operating room.

In order to solve the above problems, in the first embodiment of the present invention, an air conditioning system in an operating room,
A first air conditioning unit for supplying clean air having a first temperature flowing downward from the ceiling toward the operating table;
There is provided an air conditioning system including a second air conditioning unit that supplies clean air having a second temperature lower than the first temperature, which flows downward along the wall surface from the ceiling surface by the Coanda effect.

In the second embodiment of the present invention, the operating room includes the air conditioning system of the first embodiment,
An operating room is provided between the ceiling surface and the wall surface, in which a guide surface for enhancing the Coanda effect of clean air flowing downward from the ceiling surface along the wall surface is formed. .

In the third embodiment of the present invention, an air conditioning method in an operating room,
Supplying clean air at a first temperature flowing downward from the ceiling toward the operating table;
And supplying clean air having a second temperature lower than the first temperature, which flows downward along the wall surface from the ceiling surface by the Coanda effect.

  In the present invention, clean air having a required temperature (first temperature) for realizing a comfortable environment for the patient is supplied so as to flow downward from the ceiling toward the operating table. Also, clean air having a required temperature (second temperature lower than the first temperature) for realizing a comfortable environment for the practitioner is supplied so as to flow downward along the wall surface from the ceiling surface by the Coanda effect. As a result, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize a comfortable environment for both the patient and the practitioner in the operating room, thereby preventing the hypothermia of the patient and reducing the thermal sensation of the practitioner.

It is a top view which shows roughly the structure of the operating room concerning the embodiment of this invention, and its air-conditioning system. It is sectional drawing along line AA of FIG. It is a fragmentary sectional view showing roughly the principal part composition of the air-conditioning system concerning this embodiment.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a top view schematically showing the configuration of an operating room and its air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

  Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the operating room 1 according to the present embodiment includes a pair of task air conditioners 11 mainly used for realizing a comfortable environment for the patient 32 on the operating table 31, and a practitioner 33. A pair of ambient air conditioners 21 used to realize a comfortable environment for the user. As an example, the pair of task air conditioners 11 and the pair of ambient air conditioners 21 are arranged to face each other on a diagonal line of the substantially rectangular floor surface 2a of the operating room 1.

  In order to facilitate understanding of the explanation, it is assumed that one task air conditioner 11 shown on the right side in FIG. 2 represents a pair of task air conditioners 11 on the lower left side and upper right side in FIG. . Similarly, one ambient air conditioner 21 shown on the left side in FIG. 2 represents a pair of ambient air conditioners 21 on the upper left side and the lower right side in FIG.

  The air supplied from the task air conditioner 11, that is, fresh air taken from the outside and adjusted to a predetermined temperature and humidity covers the operating table 31 almost at the height position of the ceiling 3 through the duct 12. To a plurality of HEPA filters 13 arranged in As an example, as shown in FIG. 1, six rectangular HEPA filters 13 are arranged vertically and horizontally.

  Air from the task air conditioner 11 on the lower left side in FIG. 1 is supplied to the three HEPA filters 13 in the left column in FIG. Air from the task air conditioner 11 on the upper right side in FIG. 1 is supplied to the three HEPA filters 13 in the right side column in FIG. In FIG. 2, in order to facilitate understanding of the description, the duct 12 from one task air conditioner 11 shown on the right side in FIG. 2 is depicted as being connected to six HEPA filters 13. .

  The air purified through the HEPA filter 13 is blown out vertically from the position of the ceiling 3 toward the operating table 31. More specifically, the clean air that has passed through the HEPA filter 13 is supplied toward the patient 32 on the operating table 31 while forming a so-called laminar flow as indicated by arrows in FIG. The clean air that forms the laminar flow reaches the patient 32 without substantially entraining surrounding dust and particles. The air that has reached the vicinity of the floor 2 a through the patient 32 returns to the task air conditioner 11 through an opening (not shown) provided at the lower end of the wall 4.

  The clean air supplied from the HEPA filter 13 toward the operating table 31 mainly acts on the patient 32 on the operating table 31 and does not significantly affect the practitioner 33 around the operating table 31. Therefore, the clean air blown into the room from the HEPA filter 13 has a required temperature (first temperature) for realizing a comfortable environment for the patient 32. Various modifications are possible for the number of HEPA filters 13 and their arrangement. Various modifications are possible for the number and arrangement of the task air conditioners 11 and the connection form between the duct 12 and the HEPA filter 13.

  The air supplied from the ambient air conditioner 21, that is, fresh air taken from outside and adjusted to a predetermined temperature and humidity is purified through the duct 22 and the HEPA filter 23 disposed in the middle of the path. After that, the chamber 24 provided so as to surround the operating table 31 at a height position of the ceiling 3 is reached. As an example, the chamber 24 has a rectangular frame shape surrounding the six HEPA filters 13 arranged vertically and horizontally as shown in FIG.

  The chamber 24 is configured and installed such that the lower end surface thereof is lower than the position of the lower surface of the six HEPA filters 13. In other words, the six HEPA filters 13 are provided inside the chamber 24 at a position higher than the lower end of the chamber 24. In a rectangular frame-shaped chamber 24, a duct 22 from an ambient air conditioner 21 on the upper left side in FIG. 1 is connected to a left side portion extending in the vertical direction in FIG. 1, and an upper right side in FIG. A duct 22 from the side ambient air conditioner 21 is connected. In FIG. 2, in order to facilitate the understanding of the description, the duct 22 from one ambient air conditioner 21 shown on the left side in FIG. 2 is depicted as being connected to two locations of the chamber 24. .

  As clearly shown in FIG. 3, the chamber 24 has an overall rectangular cross section, and its lower and inner corners are curved in a convex shape toward the indoor side. As a result, the dimension indicated by reference symbol D in FIG. 3, that is, the dimension D along the vertical direction between the lower end surface of the chamber 24 and the lower side surface of the HEPA filter 13 is secured to a certain extent, so The flow of clean air blown toward the table 31 can be made close to an ideal laminar flow.

  Between the ceiling surface 3a and the wall surface 4a, a guide surface 5a curved in a concave shape toward the indoor side is formed. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the clean air blown out from the discharge port 24a of the chamber 24 is guided by the guide member 25 and guided along the ceiling surface 3a at a required flow rate. The guide member 25 has, for example, a flat plate shape obtained by extending the lower surface of the chamber 24 in parallel with the ceiling surface 3a.

  The clean air guided by the guide member 25 and guided along the ceiling surface 3a at a required flow velocity, as shown by the arrows in FIG. 2, is a Coanda effect (a phenomenon in which an airflow tends to flow along the surface of an object). Flows downward from the ceiling surface 3a through the guide surface 5a along the wall surface 4a. The guide surface 5a curved concavely toward the indoor side has an effect of enhancing the Coanda effect of clean air flowing downward from the ceiling surface 3a along the wall surface 4a.

  However, the guide surface for enhancing the Coanda effect is not limited to the concave curved surface, and various modifications can be made to the surface shape. For example, a planar guide surface extending obliquely from the ceiling surface toward the wall surface can be used. If necessary, the guide surface may be formed of a transparent plate or a semi-transparent plate, and an appropriate lighting device may be arranged outside the room. A plurality of LED lighting fixtures or the like may be attached to the member indicated by reference numeral 13 a in FIG. 3, that is, the support member 13 a of the HEPA filter 13.

  The air supplied from the chamber 24 and reaching the vicinity of the floor surface 2a along the wall surface 4a from the ceiling surface 3a through the guide surface 5a passes through an opening (not shown) provided at the lower end of the wall 4 and is ambient air-conditioned. Reflux to machine 21. The ceiling surface 3a and the wall surface 4a are cooled by the Coanda airflow along the wall surface 4a from the ceiling surface 3a through the guide surface 5a, and so-called radiation cooling occurs. This radiant cooling mainly affects the practitioner 33 around the operating table 31 and does not significantly affect the patient 32 on the operating table 31.

  Therefore, the clean air blown out from the chamber 24 is a temperature (a first temperature) lower than a required temperature for realizing a comfortable environment for the practitioner 33, that is, the temperature of the clean air supplied from the HEPA filter 13 (first temperature). Second temperature). Various modifications of the outer shape of the chamber 24 are possible. Various modifications are possible for the number and arrangement of the ambient air conditioners 21 and the connection form between the duct 22 and the chamber 24.

  The operating room 1 includes one or more sealing pendants 34. For example, the ceiling pendant 34 is equipped with medical devices such as anesthesia machines, endoscope devices, monitors, and the like. It is a mechanism that optimizes the treatment environment. Alternatively, the ceiling pendant 34 is a mechanism for collecting cables and hoses, for example. The base 34a of the ceiling pendant 34 is attached to a position higher than the ceiling surface 3a, and an arm 34b extending from the base 34a extends through the ceiling surface 3a.

  Thus, the task air conditioner 11, the duct 12, and the HEPA filter 13 constitute a first air conditioning unit that supplies clean air having a first temperature that flows downward from the ceiling 3 toward the operating table 31. In addition, the ambient air conditioner 21, the duct 22, the HEPA filter 23, the chamber 24, and the guide member 25 are lower than the first temperature that flows downward from the ceiling surface 3a through the guide surface 5a along the wall surface 4a due to the Coanda effect. The 2nd air-conditioning part which supplies the clean air of 2nd temperature is comprised.

  In the present embodiment, the first air conditioning units (11 to 13) flow clean air having a required temperature for realizing a comfortable environment for the patient 32 from the ceiling 3 toward the operating table 31 in the vertical direction. Supply. The clean air supplied by the first air conditioning unit (11-13) mainly acts on the patient 32 on the operating table 31 and does not significantly affect the practitioner 33. Therefore, a comfortable environment for the patient 32 is realized by the action of the first air conditioning units (11 to 13).

  The second air-conditioning unit (21 to 25) moves clean air having a required temperature for realizing a comfortable environment for the practitioner 33 downward from the ceiling surface 3a through the guide surface 5a along the wall surface 4a due to the Coanda effect. Supply to flow. Radiant cooling using clean air supplied by the second air conditioning unit (21 to 25) mainly acts on the practitioner 33 and does not significantly affect the patient 32 on the operating table 31. Therefore, a comfortable environment for the practitioner 33 is realized by the action of the second air conditioning units (21 to 25).

  As described above, in the present embodiment, both the patient 32 and the practitioner 33 are comfortable in the operating room 1 by the cooperative action of the first air conditioning unit (11-13) and the second air conditioning unit (21-25). Environment can be realized. Specifically, in the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent the patient 32 from becoming hypothermic and to reduce the heat sensation of the practitioner 33 by the radiation cooling action.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the clean air from a 2nd air conditioning part (21-25) flows below along the wall surface 4a through the guide surface 5a from the ceiling surface 3a by the Coanda effect. Therefore, the ventilation effect by this Coanda air current is expected. Moreover, the effect which prevents dew condensation of the wall surface 4a by Coanda airflow is acquired.

  In this embodiment, the base 34a of the ceiling pendant 34 is attached to a position higher than the ceiling surface 3a, and the arm 34b extending from the base 34a extends through the ceiling surface 3a. Therefore, the disturbance of the Coanda airflow caused by the ceiling pendant 34 can be suppressed to a small level, and a desired radiant cooling effect can be obtained.

1 Operating room 2a Floor 3 (3a) Ceiling (ceiling)
4 (4a) Wall (wall surface)
5a Guide surface 11 Task air conditioner 12, 22 Duct 13, 23 HEPA filter 21 Ambient air conditioner 24 Chamber 25 Guide member 31 Operating table 32 Patient 33 Operator 34 Sealing pendant

Claims (9)

An air conditioning system in an operating room,
A first air conditioning unit for supplying clean air having a first temperature flowing downward from the ceiling toward the operating table;
An air conditioning system comprising: a second air conditioning unit for supplying clean air having a second temperature lower than the first temperature, which flows downward along the wall surface from the ceiling surface by the Coanda effect. The second air conditioning unit guides clean air discharged from a discharge port formed in a chamber provided to surround the operating table at a height position of the ceiling and the ceiling surface to the ceiling surface. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, further comprising a guide member that is guided along. The air conditioning system according to claim 2, wherein the first air conditioning unit includes a HEPA filter provided inside the chamber at a position higher than a lower end of the chamber. 4. The chamber according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the chamber has a generally rectangular cross section, and a corner portion on the lower side and the inner side of the chamber is convexly curved toward the indoor side. Air conditioning system. An operating room comprising the air conditioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
An operating room characterized in that a guide surface for enhancing the Coanda effect of clean air flowing downward from the ceiling surface along the wall surface is formed between the ceiling surface and the wall surface. The operating room according to claim 5, wherein the guide surface is curved in a concave shape toward the indoor side. The operating room according to claim 5 or 6, further comprising a ceiling pendant having a base attached to a position higher than the ceiling surface and an arm extending from the base through the ceiling surface. . An air conditioning method in an operating room,
Supplying clean air at a first temperature flowing downward from the ceiling toward the operating table;
And supplying clean air having a second temperature lower than the first temperature, which flows downward along the wall surface from the ceiling surface due to the Coanda effect. The clean air discharged from a discharge port of a chamber provided so as to surround the operating table at a height position of the ceiling is guided and guided along the ceiling surface. Air conditioning method.

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