JP2015510393A - 癌治療用ペプチド剤 - Google Patents
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- JP2015510393A JP2015510393A JP2014553578A JP2014553578A JP2015510393A JP 2015510393 A JP2015510393 A JP 2015510393A JP 2014553578 A JP2014553578 A JP 2014553578A JP 2014553578 A JP2014553578 A JP 2014553578A JP 2015510393 A JP2015510393 A JP 2015510393A
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Abstract
Description
1.方法
1.1 細胞株及び培養条件
ヒト結腸癌細胞株HT29、卵巣癌細胞株A2780、乳癌細胞株MCF−7及びMDA468、並びに前立腺癌細胞株(DU145)をインビトロ研究に使用した。細胞株は、5%CO2を含む空気の下、37℃で培養し、至適成長となるよう定期的に継代した。細胞は、10%ウシ胎仔血清を含有するDMEM培地に維持した。全ての培養培地調製物にペニシリン/ストレプトマイシン(100μg/ml)をさらに補足し、及び
対数増殖期の細胞を96ウェルプレートにおける100μlの血清含有培地中に、ウェル当たり4000細胞の密度で移した。24時間後、先に加えた血清含有培地を除去し、ペプチドを含む又は含まない200μl無血清培地(SFM)をトリプリケートウェルの各々に加えた。細胞株に対し、種々の濃度のペプチド(50nM〜100μM)を使用して薬物曝露実験を実施し、細胞を無血清培養培地中のペプチドに72時間曝露した。成長阻害効果をMTT(3−[4,5−ジメチルチアゾール−2−イル]2,5−ジフェニル−テトラゾリウムブロミド)細胞成長アッセイにより評価し、540nmで吸光度を読み取った。対照細胞の成長は全インキュベーション期間にわたり指数関数的であった。各ペプチド/シスプラチン濃度について平均生存率±SEM値(最低3件の別個の実験)を求めた。
製造者の指示どおりインビトロc−Srcキナーゼ活性アッセイを実施した。簡潔に言えば、25μLの最終反応容量中で、c−Src(h)(5〜10mU)を8mM MOPS pH7.0、0.2mM EDTA、250μM KVEKIGEGTYGVVYK(配列番号35)(Cdc2ペプチド)、10mM 酢酸Mg及び[γ−33P−ATP](比活性約500cpm/pmol)と共にインキュベートした。MgATPミックスを添加することにより反応を開始させた。室温で40分間インキュベートした後、5μLの3%リン酸溶液を添加することにより反応を停止させた。次に10μLの反応液をP30 filtermatにスポッティングし、75mMリン酸中で5分間3回、及びメタノール中で1回洗浄した後、乾燥させてシンチレーション計数した。
インビトロPKBキナーゼ活性アッセイを製造者の指示どおり実施した。簡潔に言えば、25uLの最終反応容量中で、PKB(h)(5〜10mU)を8mM MOPS pH7.0、0.2mM EDTA、30uMのGRPRTSSFAEGKK(配列番号36)、10mM 酢酸Mg及び[γ33P−ATP](比活性約500cpm/pmol、必要に応じた濃度)と共にインキュベートした。MgATPミックスを添加することにより反応を開始させた。室温で40分間インキュベートした後、5uLの3%リン酸溶液を添加することにより反応を停止させた。次に10uLの反応混合液をP30 filtermatにスポッティングし、75mMリン酸中で5分間3回、及びメタノール中で1回洗浄した後、乾燥させてシンチレーション計数した。
2.1 インビトロ細胞増殖に対するペプチド修飾の効果
RSKAKNPLYR(配列番号2)ペプチド配列中のNPLY(配列番号37)モチーフの欠損又は荷電アミノ酸残基(すなわち、RKKR)の欠損(例えば、ペプチド配列ASAAANPLYA)(配列番号7)が、HT29細胞の増殖に対する完全長RSKAKNPLYR(配列番号2)ペプチドの細胞成長阻害効果(Agrez et al.,2011)を無効にしたかどうかを決定する試験を行った。
・KAKAKAAAAK(配列番号14)(β2由来アラニン置換ペプチド)
・RARAKAAAAK(配列番号15)(β3由来アラニン置換ペプチド)
・RARARAAAAR(配列番号16)(β5由来アラニン置換ペプチド)
10 AlaがHT29細胞の形質膜を通過する能力を、無血清培養条件下でフルオレセインイソチオシアネート(fluorosceine isothiocyanate)(FITC)とコンジュゲートした10Alaに曝露された細胞の共焦点顕微鏡法を用いて評価した。この研究で使用したペプチドは、アミノ末端に追加のリジン残基(これにFITC標識が付加される)を含む配列KRAKAKAAAAR(配列番号25)(FITC−K10(4)Alaと特定される)を含んだ。培養下24時間後、細胞の多くがペプチドの細胞質内局在を呈した。細胞の細胞質に対するFITC標識ペプチドの局在を示す顕微鏡写真を、FITC単独で処理した細胞と比較して図9に示す。
β6由来のペプチドRSKAKNPLYR(配列番号2)、RAKAKAAAAR(10Ala)(配列番号12)、RAAKAARAAK(Scram 10Ala)(配列番号13)、及び10merバリン置換ペプチドRVKVKVVVVR(配列番号24)がタンパク質キナーゼ活性を阻害する能力を、無細胞インビトロキナーゼアッセイを用いて決定した。表1に示されるとおり、RAKAKAAAAR(配列番号12)及びRVKVKVVVVR(配列番号24)は、c−Src活性に対してRSKAKNPLYR(配列番号2)と同程度の効果を有し、しかしこのペプチドとは対照的に、Akt2(PKBβ)及びAtk3(PKBγ)活性の阻害において著しく有効性が高かった一方、スクランブル型(srambled version)の10Alaは本質的に効果がなかった。
RSKAKNPLYR(配列番号2)アミノ酸配列を癌細胞増殖の阻害に有効なものとするために、β6由来ペプチドRSKAKNPLYR(配列番号2)中のNPLY(配列番号37)モチーフ、詳細にはチロシン(Y)及びプロリン(P)残基が必須であることを考えると、NPLY(配列番号37)モチーフが欠損したRSKAKNPLYR(配列番号2)の欠失変異体(すなわち、RSKAKR)(配列番号9)又はNPLY(配列番号37)モチーフ中のプロリン若しくはチロシン残基のいずれかに単一のアラニン置換を有する変異体(すなわち、それぞれRSKAKNPLAR(配列番号41)及びRSKAKNALYR(配列番号42))に細胞を曝露したときには認められなかった細胞増殖に対する阻害効果が、アミノ末端セリンを含むアラニン残基によるNPLY(配列番号37)モチーフの置換(RAKAKAAAAR;10Alaと命名される)(配列番号12))によって回復するという発見は、全く予想外であった。
8merのポリアルギニン配列がそのC端側末端にカップリングされた10 RVKペプチド(RVKVKVVVVR)(配列番号24)(すなわち、RVKVKVVVVRRRRRRRRR(配列番号26)、本明細書において10 RVK Argと称される)の様々な濃度でのMDA468乳癌細胞に対する成長阻害活性を、実施例1.2に記載されるMTTアッセイの変法により評価し、ここではウェル当たり3000細胞を5%血清を含有する培養培地で48時間培養した。陰性対照は、8merのポリアルギニン(polyargine)ペプチド(8 Arg)を使用した。図10に示す結果は、各投薬量につき3つのレプリケートウェルの平均である。見て分かるとおり、10 RVK Argペプチド(塗り潰した菱形)は、5μM〜50μMの濃度で癌細胞の成長を完全に阻害したが、8mer Argペプチドそれ自体(塗り潰した四角形)は、この濃度範囲では何ら効果を示さなかった。
MDA468乳癌細胞及びDU145前立腺癌細胞に対する種々の濃度の10 RVK Argペプチドの成長阻害活性を、実施例2に記載されるとおり細胞を5%血清含有培地で48時間インキュベートすることを含むMTTアッセイにより評価した。比較として、7merのポリアルギニン配列がそのC端側末端にカップリングされた10 RVKペプチド(すなわち、RVKVKVVVVRRRRRRRR(配列番号27)、本明細書において10 RVK 7Argと称される)及び8merポリアルギニン(polyargine)配列がそのN端側末端にカップリングされた10 RVKペプチド(すなわち、RRRRRRRRRVKVKVVVVR(配列番号28)、本明細書においてArg 10 RVKと称される)による細胞の成長阻害を評価した。乳癌細胞の阻害結果を図11に示し、一方、前立腺癌細胞の治療結果を図12に示す。見て分かるとおり、これらのペプチドは、乳癌細胞及び前立腺癌細胞の両方の成長を0.5μM以上の濃度で顕著に阻害し、互いに同様の活性プロファイルを示した。
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Claims (25)
- 癌細胞の成長を阻害するための単離又は精製されたペプチドであって、アミノ酸配列RxKxKxxxxR(配列番号5)を含み(式中、K及びRはそれぞれリジン及びアルギニンアミノ酸残基であり、各xは独立してアミノ酸である)、且つアミノ酸配列RSKAKNPLYR(配列番号2)と50%以下のアミノ酸配列同一性を有するペプチド。
- 各xアミノ酸が、独立して、アラニン(A)、バリン(V)、ロイシン(L)、イソロイシン(I)、スレオニン(T)及びセリン(S)アミノ酸残基からなる群から選択されるアミノ酸残基である、請求項1に記載のペプチド。
- 各xアミノ酸が独立して非極性アミノ酸である、請求項1又は2に記載のペプチド。
- 各xアミノ酸が独立してアラニン(A)又はバリン(V)である、請求項2又は3に記載のペプチド。
- 各xアミノ酸がアラニン(A)である、請求項4に記載のペプチド。
- 各xアミノ酸がバリン(V)である、請求項4に記載のペプチド。
- 前記アミノ酸配列RSKAKNPLYR(配列番号2)と50%の配列同一性を有する請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のペプチド。
- 前記アミノ酸配列RSKAKNPLYR(配列番号2)と40%の配列同一性を有する請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のペプチド。
- アミノ酸配列RxKxKxxxxR(配列番号5)からなる、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載のペプチド。
- 10〜25アミノ酸の長さを有する、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載のペプチド。
- c−Src及びAkt非特異的セリン/スレオニンプロテインキナーゼからなる群から選択されるキナーゼを阻害する、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載のペプチド。
- 癌細胞の成長及び/又は増殖を阻害する薬剤であって、前記癌細胞の外側細胞膜を越えて前記細胞の細胞質内に入る前記ペプチドの通過を促進するための促進部分とカップリングされた請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載のペプチドを含む薬剤。
- キメラペプチドである、請求項12に記載の薬剤。
- 前記ペプチド又は薬剤を発現させるための、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載のペプチド又は請求項12又は13に記載の薬剤をコードする単離核酸。
- 細胞において前記ペプチドを発現させるための、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載のペプチドをコードする核酸インサートを含む発現ベクター。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載のペプチド、請求項12又は13に記載の薬剤、又は請求項15に記載の発現ベクターを、薬学的に許容可能な担体又は賦形剤と共に含む医薬組成物。
- 前記ペプチドが負荷された細菌由来のミニ細胞を含む、請求項16に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記発現ベクターが負荷された細菌由来のミニ細胞を含む、請求項16に記載の医薬組成物。
- 癌細胞の成長及び/又は増殖を阻害する方法であって、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載のペプチド、請求項12又は13に記載の薬剤、又は前記細胞において前記ペプチドを発現させるための、前記ペプチドをコードする核酸の有効量により前記細胞を治療する工程を含む方法。
- 哺乳動物における癌の予防又は治療方法であって、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載のペプチド、請求項12又は13に記載の薬剤、又は前記癌の癌細胞において前記ペプチドを発現させるための、前記ペプチドをコードする核酸の有効量を前記哺乳動物に投与する工程を含む方法。
- 細胞における少なくとも1つのプロテインキナーゼの活性を阻害する方法であって、少なくとも1つの請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載のペプチド、請求項12又は13に記載の薬剤、又は前記細胞において核酸を発現させるための、前記ペプチドをコードする核酸により、前記細胞を治療する工程を含む方法。
- 前記キナーゼが、c−Src及びAkt非特異的セリン/スレオニンプロテインキナーゼファミリーの少なくとも1つのキナーゼからなる群から選択される、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記ペプチドが、Akt2及びAkt3の少なくとも一方の活性を阻害する、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 哺乳動物における癌の予防又は治療に使用される、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載のペプチド、請求項12又は13に記載の薬剤、又は前記ペプチドをコードする核酸。
- 哺乳動物における癌の予防又は治療用医薬の製造における、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載のペプチド、請求項12又は13に記載の薬剤、又は前記ペプチドをコードする核酸の使用。
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JP2021523946A (ja) * | 2018-05-15 | 2021-09-09 | インテルク ペプチド セラピューティクス リミテッド | ペプチド活性化剤 |
JP2021523945A (ja) * | 2018-05-15 | 2021-09-09 | インテルク ペプチド セラピューティクス リミテッド | 活性化剤 |
JP2022513171A (ja) * | 2018-11-30 | 2022-02-07 | インテルク ペプチド セラピューティクス リミテッド | 皮膚症状を改善するためのポリペプチドおよび方法 |
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