JP2015212278A - 改良された抗cd19抗体 - Google Patents
改良された抗cd19抗体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015212278A JP2015212278A JP2015117532A JP2015117532A JP2015212278A JP 2015212278 A JP2015212278 A JP 2015212278A JP 2015117532 A JP2015117532 A JP 2015117532A JP 2015117532 A JP2015117532 A JP 2015117532A JP 2015212278 A JP2015212278 A JP 2015212278A
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Abstract
【解決手段】第一のヒト化抗CD19抗体またはその抗原結合フラグメント、及び、特定の配列を含むキメラ抗CD19抗体と競合する、キメラ抗CD19抗体と競合する、ヒト化抗CD19抗体またはその抗原結合フラグメントと、CD3に結合する第二のヒト化抗体またはその抗原結合フラグメントとを含む、二重特異性抗体、及び、該抗体を含むB細胞疾患の治療薬、診断薬。
【選択図】なし
Description
本願は、EFS−Webを介して提出されその内容全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる、配列表を含む。2009年10月21日に作成された上記ASCIIコピーは、IMM167WO3.txtという名称で、24,166バイトのサイズである。
本願は、2003年7月31日に出願された米国特許仮出願第60/491,282号に対する優先権を主張する、2004年8月22日に出願された米国特許出願第10/903,858号(現在、米国特許第7,109,304号として発行)の分割出願であった、2006年6月1日に出願された米国特許出願第11/445,410号(現在、米国特許第7,462,352号として発行)の一部継続出願である、2008年11月7日に出願された米国特許出願第12/266,999号に対する優先権を主張するものであり、上記各明細書はその内容全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
別途明記されない限り、本明細書で使用される「1つの」(「a」または「an」)は、「1つまたは複数の」という意味である。
上述のように、コンジュゲートされていないまたは治療用放射性核種で標識された抗CD19抗体では、中悪性度または高悪性度の形態のB細胞リンパ腫を有する患者において、高率の客観的かつ持続的な応答をもたらすことができなかった。本発明は、単独で、コンジュゲートとして、または他の裸の抗体および抗体治療用コンジュゲートを含めた他の治療薬との併用投与で哺乳動物対象、ヒトおよび家畜の治療に有用な、ヒト化、キメラまたはヒト抗CD19抗体および抗体融合タンパク質を提供する。
モノクローナル抗体(MAb)は、特定抗原に対する均一な抗体の集団であり、抗体は1種のみの抗原結合部位を含み、抗原決定基上の1つのエピトープのみと結合する。特定抗原に対するげっ歯類モノクローナル抗体は、当業者に公知の方法により入手し得る。例えば、KohlerおよびMilstein,Nature 256:495(1975)ならびにColiganら(編),CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN IMMUNOLOGY,VOL.1,p.2.5.1−2.6.7(John Wiley & Sons 1991)[以下「Coligan」]を参照されたい。簡潔に述べれば、抗原を含む組成物をマウスに注射し、血清試料を採取して抗体産生の存在を確認し、脾臓を取り出してBリンパ球を得、このBリンパ球をミエローマ細胞と融合してハイブリドーマを作製し、このハイブリドーマをクローニングし、抗原に対する抗体を産生する陽性クローンを選択して、抗原に対する抗体を産生するクローンを培養し、このハイブリドーマ培養液から抗体を単離することにより、モノクローナル抗体を得ることができる。
特定の実施形態、例えば、異なる抗原標的に対する抗CD19抗体および別の抗体を組み込んだ二重特異性または多重特異性抗体を含む実施形態では、新たに抗体を作製するよりも、市販または公知の抗体を用いるほうが好ましい場合がある。様々な既知の販売元から有用な抗体を購入し得る。例えば、American Type Culture Collection(ATCC,Manassas,VA)から様々な抗体分泌ハイブリドーマ系が入手可能である。腫瘍関連抗原を非限定的に含めた様々な疾患標的に対する数多くの抗体がATCCに寄託され、および/または可変領域配列が公開されており、特許請求される方法および組成物での使用のために入手可能である。例えば、米国特許第7,312,318号;第7,282,567号;第7,151,164号;第7,074,403号;第7,060,802号;第7,056,509号;第7,049,060号;第7,045,132号;第7,041,803号;第7,041,802号;第7,041,293号;第7,038,018号;第7,037,498号;第7,012,133号;第7,001,598号;第6,998,468号;第6,994,976号;第6,994,852号;第6,989,241号;第6,974,863号;第6,965,018号;第6,964,854号;第6,962,981号;第6,962,813号;第6,956,107号;第6,951,924号;第6,949,244号;第6,946,129号;第6,943,020号;第6,939,547号;第6,921,645号;第6,921,645号;第6,921,533号;第6,919,433号;第6,919,078号;第6,916,475号;第6,905,681号;第6,899,879号;第6,893,625号;第6,887,468号;第6,887,466号;第6,884,594号;第6,881,405号;第6,878,812号;第6,875,580号;第6,872,568号;第6,867,006号;第6,864,062号;第6,861,511号;第6,861,227号;第6,861,226号;第6,838,282号;第6,835,549号;第6,835,370号;第6,824,780号;第6,824,778号;第6,812,206号;第6,793,924号;第6,783,758号;第6,770,450号;第6,767,711号;第6,764,688号;第6,764,681号;第6,764,679号;第6,743,898号;第6,733,981号;第6,730,307号;第6,720,15号;第6,716,966号;第6,709,653号;第6,693,176号;第6,692,908号;第6,689,607号;第6,689,362号;第6,689,355号;第6,682,737号;第6,682,736号;第6,682,734号;第6,673,344号;第6,653,104号;第6,652,852号;第6,635,482号;第6,630,144号;第6,610,833号;第6,610,294号;第6,605,441号;第6,605,279号;第6,596,852号;第6,592,868号;第6,576,745号;第6,572;856号;第6,566,076号;第6,562,618号;第6,545,130号;第6,544,749号;第6,534,058号;第6,528,625号;第6,528,269号;第6,521,227号;第6,518,404号;第6,511,665号;第6,491,915号;第6,488,930号;第6,482,598号;第6,482,408号;第6,479,247号;第6,468,531号;第6,468,529号;第6,465,173号;第6,461,823号;第6,458,356号;第6,455,044号;第6,455,040号;第6,451,310号;第6,444,206号;第6,441,143号;第6,432,404号;第6,432,402号;第6,419,928号;第6,413,726号;第6,406,694号;第6,403,770号;第6,403,091号;第6,395,276号;第6,395,274号;第6,387,350号;第6,383,759号;第6,383,484号;第6,376,654号;第6,372,215号;第6,359,126号;第6,355,481号;第6,355,444号;第6,355,245号;第6,355,244号;第6,346,246号;第6,344,198号;第6,340,571号;第6,340,459号;第6,331,175号;第6,306,393号;第6,254,868号;第6,187,287号;第6,183,744号;第6,129,914号;第6,120,767号;第6,096,289号;第6,077,499号;第5,922,302号;第5,874,540号;第5,814,440号;第5,798,229号;第5,789,554号;第5,776,456号;第5,736,119号;第5,716,595号;第5,677,136号;第5,587,459号;第5,443,953号;第5,525,338号(抗体可変領域および/またはCDR配列および/または抗体産生ハイブリドーマ細胞系のATCCアクセッション番号に関して、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる)を参照されたい。これらは単なる例に過ぎず、他にも様々な抗体およびそのハイブリドーマが当該分野で公知である。当業者は、目的とする選択された疾患関連標的に対する抗体をATCC、NCBIおよび/またはUSPTOデータベースで検索するだけで、ほぼあらゆる疾患関連抗原に対する抗体配列または抗体分泌ハイブリドーマも入手し得ることを理解するであろう。クローン抗体の抗原結合ドメインを当該分野で公知の標準的技術を用いて、増幅し、切り出して、発現ベクター内に連結し、適合する宿主細胞内にトランスフェクトして、タンパク質産生に使用し得る。
特異的エピトープを認識する抗体フラグメントを既知の方法により作製することができる。抗体フラグメントとは、F(ab')2、Fab'、F(ab)2、Fab、Fv、sFvなどのような、抗体の抗原結合部分のことである。その他の抗体フラグメントとしては、抗体分子のペプシン消化により作製することができるF(ab')2フラグメントおよびF(ab')2フラグメントのジスルフィド架橋の還元により作製することができるFab’フラグメント挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。あるいはFab'発現ライブラリーを構築して(Huseら,1989,Science,246:1274−1281)、所望の特異性を有するモノクローナルFab'フラグメントを迅速かつ簡便に同定することが可能である。
抗CD19抗体の他、併用療法に使用するための異なる特異性を有するその他の抗体を、CD19エピトープもしくは抗原に対する少なくとも1つの結合部位およびCD19上の別のエピトープもしくは別の抗原に対する少なくとも1つの結合部位を含む多重特異性抗体、あるいは同じエピトープまたは抗原に対する複数の結合部位を含む多価抗体として作製することもできる。
抗CD19抗体を用いて機能的な二重特異性一本鎖抗体(bsAb)を調製することができ、これはダイアボディとも呼ばれ、組換え法を用いて哺乳動物細胞内で作製することができる。例えば、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる、Mackら,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci,92:7021−7025,1995を参照されたい。例えば、組換え法を用いて、グリシン−セリンリンカーにより2つの一本鎖Fvフラグメントを連結することによりbsAbを作製する。標準的なPCR法を用いて、目的の2つの抗体のV軽鎖(VL)およびV重鎖(VH)ドメインを単離する。次いで、各ハイブリドーマから得られたVLおよびVHのcDNAを二段階の融合PCRで連結して一本鎖フラグメントを形成する。第一のPCR段階では(Gly4−Serl)3(配列番号:23)リンカーを導入し、第二の段階ではVLアンプリコンとVHアンプリコンを連結する。次いで、各一本鎖分子を細菌発現ベクター中にクローニングする。増幅後、一方の一本鎖分子を切り出して、目的の第二の一本鎖分子を含む別のベクター中にサブクローニングする。得られたbsAbフラグメントを真核発現ベクター中にサブクローニングする。このベクターをCHO細胞、Sp2/0細胞またはSp−EEE細胞内にトランスフェクトすることにより、機能性タンパク質の発現が得られる。同様の方法で二重特異性融合タンパク質を調製する。
別の実施形態は、コンジュゲートされた抗CD19抗体に関する。多価多重特異性薬剤のための組成物および方法は、その内容全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる、2002年12月24日に出願された米国特許出願第60/436,359号および2003年4月23日に出願された米国特許出願第60/464,532号に記載されている。
本明細書に記載のヒト化、キメラおよびヒトモノクローナル抗体、すなわち、抗CD19MAbおよびその他のMAbは、治療法および診断法での使用に適している。したがって、本発明では、裸の抗体として単独で、または投与計画に一時的に従うが治療薬とコンジュゲートせずに集学的治療として投与される、ヒト化、キメラおよびヒト抗体の投与が意図される。裸の抗CD19MAbの効力は、1つまたは複数の他の裸の抗体、すなわち特定抗原、例えばCD4、CD5、CD8、CD14、CD15、CD19、CD20、CD21、CD22、CD23、CD25、CD33、CD37、CD38、CD40、CD40L、CD46、CD52、CD54、CD74、CD80、CD126、CD138、B7、MUC1、Ia、HM1.24、HLA−DR、テネイシン、VEGF、PlGF、ED−Bフィブロネクチン、癌遺伝子、癌遺伝子産物、CD66a〜d、壊死抗原、Ii、IL−2、T101、TAC、IL−6、TRAIL−R1(DR4)およびTRAIL−R2(DR5)などに対するMabで、薬物、毒素、免疫調節薬、ホルモン、酵素、オリゴヌクレオチド、治療用放射性核種などを含めた治療薬とコンジュゲートされた、抗CD19または上記抗原に対する抗体の1つまたは複数のイムノコンジュゲートで、MAbと同時または順次または所定の投与計画に従って投与される、薬物、毒素、酵素、オリゴヌクレオチド、免疫調節薬、ホルモン、治療用放射性核種などを含めた1つまたは複数の治療薬で、裸の抗体を補完することにより増強することができる。
任意の抗体または抗体融合タンパク質を1つまたは複数の治療薬または診断薬とコンジュゲートすることができる。一般的には、1つの治療薬または診断薬を各抗体または抗体フラグメントと結合させるが、同じ抗体または抗体フラグメントに2つ以上の治療薬または診断薬を結合させることができる。抗体融合タンパク質は2つ以上の抗体またはそのフラグメントを含んでもよく、この融合タンパク質を構成する各抗体は治療薬または診断薬を含み得る。さらに、抗体融合タンパク質の1つまたは複数の抗体は、結合した治療薬または診断薬を2つ以上有し得る。さらに、これらの治療薬は同じである必要はなく、異なる治療薬であってもよい。例えば、同じ融合タンパク質に薬物と放射性同位元素を結合させることができる。具体的には、IgGを131Iで放射標識し、さらに薬物と結合させることができる。131IをIgGのチロシン内に組み込み、薬物をIgGリジンのイプシロンアミノ基と結合させることができる。治療薬および診断薬は共に、還元SH基および炭水化物側鎖と結合させることもできる。
対象に送達されるヒト化、キメラおよびヒト抗CD19MAbは、MAbのみ、イムノコンジュゲート、融合タンパク質から構成され得るか、あるいは1つもしくは複数の薬学的に適切な賦形剤、1つもしくは複数の追加成分またはこれらの組合せを含み得る。
本発明では、B細胞障害および他の疾患治療用の主要組成物としての裸のまたはコンジュゲートされた抗CD19抗体の使用が意図される。具体的には、本発明に記載の組成物は、様々な自己免疫疾患のみならず、緩徐進行型のB細胞リンパ腫、高悪性度型のB細胞リンパ腫、慢性リンパ性白血病、急性リンパ性白血病およびワルデンシュトレームマクログロブリン血症にも特に有用である。例えば、ヒト化抗CD19抗体成分およびイムノコンジュゲートを用いて、緩徐進行および高悪性度両型の非ホジキンリンパ腫を治療することができる。
ヒト化、キメラまたはヒト抗CD19MAbをコードするDNA配列を、核酸の複製をもたらす様々な既知の宿主ベクター内に組換え操作することができる。これらのベクターは、既知の方法を用いて、それが送達される細胞中の核酸の転写、翻訳またはその両方を指令するのに必要なエレメントを含むよう設計することができる。既知の方法論を用いて、適切な転写/翻訳制御シグナルと作動可能に連結されたタンパク質コード配列を有する発現構築物を作製することができる。これらの方法は、インビトロの組換えDNA技術および合成技術を含む。例えば、Sambrookら,1989,MOLECULAR CLONING:A LABORATORY MANUAL,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory(New York);Ausubelら,1997,CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY,John Wiley & Sons(New York)を参照されたい。
一般に、抗CD19MAbをコードするVkおよびVH配列は、RT−PCR、5'−RACEおよびcDNAライブラリースクリーニングのような様々な分子クローニング法により得ることができる。具体的には、マウスまたはキメラ抗CD19MAbを発現する細胞から、PCR増幅により抗CD19MAbのV遺伝子をクローニングし、次いで配列決定することができる。その信頼性を確認するために、クローニングされたVLおよびVH遺伝子を、参照により組み込まれるOrlandiら,(Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.,USA,86:3833(1989))による記載のようにキメラAbとして細胞培養中で発現させることができる。次いで、V遺伝子配列に基づき、ヒト化抗CD19MAbを、参照により本明細書に組み込まれるLeungら(Mol.Immunol.,32:1413(1995))による記載のように設計および構築することができる。一般的なクローニング技術(Sambrookら,Molecular Cloning,A laboratory manual,第2版(1989))により、マウスまたはキメラ抗CD19MAbを産生する任意の既知のハイブリドーマ系またはトランスフェクト細胞系からcDNAを調製することができる。プライマーVk1BACKおよびVk1FOR(Orlandiら,1989)または参照により本明細書に組み込まれるLeungら(BioTechniques,15:286(1993))により記載されている伸長プライマーセットを用いて、MAbのVK配列を増幅し得るのに対し、VH配列は、プライマーペアVH1BACK/VH1FOR(Orlandiら,1989)または参照により本明細書に組み込まれるLeungら(Hybridoma,13:469(1994))により記載されているマウスIgG定常領域とアニールするプライマーを用いて増幅し得る。
GGCTGAA GTCAAGAAAC CTGGGTCATCG GTGAAGGTCTC CTGCAAGGCT TCTGGCTACG CTTTCAGTAG C−3’(配列番号:30)
キメラA19(cA19)抗体を作製し、Sp2/0細胞内で発現させた。cA19のVk(配列番号:1および配列番号:3)およびVH(配列番号:3および配列番号:4)配列を図1に示す。cA19抗体は、Raji、DaudiおよびRamosのようなCD19+ヒトリンパ腫細胞系と結合することが示された。他の抗CD19抗体、例えば、B4(Coulter)およびBU12(Chembiochem)に対する細胞表面競合結合アッセイにより、精製cA19のAg結合特異性を評価した。簡潔には、様々な濃度のcA19を、一定量のI−125放射標識抗CD19抗体の存在下でRaji細胞と1時間インキュベートした。洗浄して未結合抗体を除去した後、細胞表面に結合した放射標識抗体を、ガンマカウンターで細胞ペレットを計数することにより定量化した。図2に示されるように、cA19は細胞表面結合に関してBU12(Chembiochem)と競合したが、このことは、この抗体がCD19分子と同様のまたは重複するエピトープを共有することを示している。
CDR結合hA19VHおよびVKの遺伝子を操作するために、Leungら(1995)の記載による方法の変法を用いて、長いオリゴヌクレオチド合成とPCRの組合せを使用して、hA19の設計されたVKおよびVH遺伝子を構築した。簡潔には、V配列の5'−(センス鎖、Aと称する)および3'−ハーフ(アンチセンス鎖、Bと称する)に相当する2つの長い合成オリゴヌクレオチド(長さ約130mer)をPCR反応の鋳型として使用する。長いオリゴヌクレオチドAおよびBの3'−末端配列を、互いが重複し、かつ相補的になるように設計する。AおよびBの3'−末端をアニーリングして、残りの長いオリゴヌクレオチド(一本鎖)が隣接する短い二本鎖DNAを形成することによりPCRを開始した。各アニール末端が一本鎖DNA複製のためのプライマーとして働く結果、AおよびBが伸長して二本鎖DNAを形成する。2つの短いオリゴヌクレオチドプライマーの存在下、二本鎖DNAのPCR増幅によりV遺伝子セグメントを生成する。
hA19VHドメイン構築のために、長いオリゴヌクレオチドhA19VHA(配列番号:28、126mer)およびhA19VHB(配列番号:29、128mer)を自動DNA合成装置(Applied Biosy stems)で合成した。hA19VHAはhA19VHドメインのヌクレオチド74〜126に相当し、hA19VHBはヌクレオチド178〜306に相補的なhA19VHドメインのマイナス鎖に相当する。hA19VHAとVHBの3'−末端配列(33ヌクレオチド残基)は互いに相補的である。最小量のhA19VHAおよびVHB(実験的に決定)を、10μLの10×PCR緩衝液(500mM KCl、100mM Tris−HCl緩衝液,pH8.3、15mM MgCl2)、2μmolのhA19VHBack(5’−CAGGTCCAAC TGCAGCAATC AGGGGCTGAA GTCAAGAAAC CTGGGTCATCG GTGAAGGTCTC CTGCAAGGCT TCTGGCTACG CTTTCAGTAG C−3' 配列番号:30)およびhA19VHFor(5'−TGAGGAGACG GTGACCGTGG TCCCTTGGCC CCAGTAGTCC ATAGCATAGT AATAACGGCC TACCGTCGTA GTCTCCCGTC TTGCACAAG−3' 配列番号:31)ならびに2.5単位のTaqDNAポリメラーゼ(Perkin Elmer Cetus,Norwalk,Conn.)の存在下で増幅した。図4Bで示されるように、下線部はサブクローニングのための制限部位である。この反応混合物を、94℃で1分間の変性、45℃で1分間のアニーリングおよび72℃で1.5分間のポリメライゼーションからなるポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(PCR)3サイクルに供した。この処置の後に、94℃で1分間の変性、55℃で1分間のアニーリングおよび72℃で1分間のポリメライゼーションからなるPCR反応を27サイクル行った。得られたDNAフラグメントは、予想された分子サイズをアガロースゲル電気泳動において示した。hA19VHの二本鎖PCR増幅産物をゲル精製し、PstIおよびBstEII制限酵素で制限消化し、重鎖ステージングベクターVHpBS2の相補的PstI/BstEII制限部位中にクローニングし、ここで翻訳開始コドンおよび分泌シグナルペプチドをコードするDNA配列が5'末端にインフレームで連結され、イントロン配列が3’末端で連結されて、VH配列が完全に組み立てられた。VHpBS2は、VHpBS(Leungら,Hybridoma,13:469(1994))の改変ステージングベクターであり、この中にXhoI制限部位を翻訳開始コドンの16塩基上流に導入して、次のサブクローニングの段階を容易にした。IgHエンハンサーおよびMT1プロモーターの制御下で、ヒトIgGの重および軽両鎖の発現カセットの他に選択および増幅のためのマーカーとしてマウスdhfr遺伝子を含む発現ベクターpdHL2中に、組み立てられたVH遺伝子をXhoI−BamHI制限酵素フラグメントとしてサブクローニングした(図4B)。pdHL2の重鎖領域はBamHI制限部位を欠くため、この連結には、可変鎖のBamHI部位とpdHL2ベクター内に存在するHindIII部位との間に架橋を施すためにリンカーを使用する必要がある。得られた発現ベクターをhAI9VHpdHL2と命名した。
hA19用の発現ベクター約30μgをSalIでの消化により直線化し、エレクトロポレーション(450Vおよび25J−μF)によりSp2/0−Ag14細胞内にトランスフェクトした。トランスフェクト細胞を96ウェルプレート内に2日間播き、次いで、培地にMTXを最終濃度0.075μMで添加することにより薬剤耐性に関して選択した。2〜3週間後にMTX耐性コロニーがウェル内に出現した。選択で生き残ったコロニーの上清を、ヒトMAb分泌に関してELISAアッセイによりスクリーニングした。簡潔には、GAH−IgG、F(ab')2フラグメント特異的Abをプレコートしたマイクロタイタープレートのウェルに上清100μlを添加し、室温で1時間インキュベートした。緩衝液(0.05%ポリソルベート20を含むPBS)で3回洗浄して未結合タンパク質を除去した。HRPとコンジュゲートしたGAH−IgG、Fcフラグメント特異的Abをウェルに添加した。1時間のインキュベーション後、プレートを洗浄した。4mM OPDおよび0.04%H202を含む基質溶液を添加した後、A490nmを読み取ることにより、結合したHRPコンジュゲートAbを明らかにした。陽性細胞クローンを拡張し、hB43をプロテインAカラムでのアフィニティクロマトグラフィーにより細胞培養上清から精製した。
プロテインAカラムでのアフィニティクロマトグラフィーにより精製したcA19およびhA19のAg結合特異性を、細胞表面競合結合アッセイにより評価および比較した。簡潔には、一定量(100,000cpm、〜10μCi/μg)の125I標識cA19またはhA19を様々な濃度(0.2〜700nM)のcA19またはhA19の存在下、Raji細胞と4℃で1〜2時間インキュベートした。細胞をPBS中で洗浄することにより未結合Absを除去した。洗浄後、細胞に付随する放射活性を測定した。図2に示されるように、精製hA19は細胞表面結合に関して125I標識cA19と競合し、その逆も同じであったが、このことは、見かけの結合親和力がこれら2つのAb間で比較可能であることを示している。
上記実施例2に記載のヒト化抗CD19MAb(hA19)は、Sp2/0細胞内で発現されたが、得られたクローンの生産性は低かった。数多くのトランスフェクション(総数15)を行い、何百ものクローンをスクリーニングした。陽性クローンの生産性は、0.5〜3μg/mlにとどまり、メトトレキサートによる増幅は対象クローンの生産性を向上させなかった。
より生産性の高いhA19クローンを作製するために2つのアプローチを用いた。第一のアプローチ(hA19VkpdHL2)は、Ab遺伝子発現に負の影響を及ぼすと推定されるAT含有量を低下させるために、hA19Vk遺伝子配列を再設計することであった。新たなhA19Vk遺伝子を合成し、組み立て、hA19用の発現ベクターの再構築に使用した。
ように時間を設けた。トランスフェクション#756では19個の陽性クローンが生じ、#757では8個の陽性クローンが生じた。トランスフェクション#756および#757のpmaxをトランスフェクション#739、#740、#741、#746および#747と比較した。生産性にはあまり差がなかった(約0.5〜3μg/ml)。最も生産性の高いものを選択し(739.1A9、740.1B1および756.2G7)、0.2μM MTXまで増幅した。表2に報告されている結果は、2〜3μg/mlの間の平均抗体生産性を示す。
再設計されたベクターが活性な抗体を産生するか否かを判定するために、プロテインA精製により2リットルのクローン756.2G7を精製した。精製により7.3mgの抗CD19Abが得られた。HPLCおよびSDS−PAGEにより精製タンパク質が純粋であることが示された(未掲載)。この精製タンパク質を用いて、細胞の増殖および死に対する抗体治療の効果を調べた。細胞ベースの抗体依存性細胞傷害性アッセイを行い、hA19、hA20およびhLL2をGAH IgGおよびFcフラグメント有りおよび無しで比較した。Daudi D1−1およびSP−E26細胞を2つの48ウェルプレートに最終密度150,000細胞/mlで蒔いた。hA19、hA20およびhLL2をGAH有り(最終濃度40μg/ml)および無し両方の完全培地(D1−1ではRPMIおよびSP−E26ではSFM)で希釈した(最終濃度10μg/ml)。Ab混合物をプレートに添加し、振とう器上に数分間置き、次いで、インキュベーター内に置いた。3および4日目にMTTを行った。3日目の結果では、SP−E26細胞における細胞増殖の違いはなかった。D1−1細胞では、hA19+GAHおよびhA20+GAHにおいて細胞増殖の阻害が見られた。これらの結果は、再設計されたhA19が活性であることを示している。
第二のアプローチ(hA19FpdHL2)は、hA19VH遺伝子を再設計して重鎖(VH)フレームワーク領域のアミノ酸残基セリン91をコンセンサスフェニルアラニン残基で置換することであった。hA19VHpdHL2中のS91に対するTCTコドンをhA19FVHpdHL2中のF91に対するTTCコドンに変えた。新たなhA19F遺伝子を合成し、組み立て、hA19用の発現ベクターの再構築に使用した。
緩徐進行性の濾胞細胞性NHLを有する患者は、デキサメタゾンを含めた化学療法後に再発し、胸部(大動脈傍リンパ節)疾患、腫大し侵襲された脾臓および腫大頸部リンパ節を有する。患者には、週1回で4週間、ヒト化抗CD20MAb(hA20)と組み合わせて、各300mg/m2の治療単位のhA19MAbを連続して同一日に静脈内注入で投与し、毎回、注入に付随する反応抑制のためにTYLENOL(登録商標)およびBENADRYL(登録商標)を標準的な公表されている用量に従って前投与する。4週間後、患者は最初のフォローアップ検査のために戻り、触知可能なリンパ節が一部軟化していることが診察されるだけである。最初の治療サイクルの3ヵ月後に戻った際に、患者の胸部疾患が40%減少したことがCTスキャンで見てとれ、脾臓が治療前の約半分のサイズであり、頸部リンパ節はほとんどなくなっている。次いで、患者は再治療サイクルを受け、さらに3ヵ月後、膵臓サイズは正常、触知可能なまたはCTスキャンで測定可能な頸部リンパ節は無く、胸部には1.5cmの小さい病変のみであることが見てとれる。患者は、疾患がほぼ無いと見てとれるまでさらに4ヶ月続ける。
[1]ヒト化抗CD19抗体またはその抗原結合フラグメントであって、前記ヒト化抗CD19抗体またはそのフラグメントが、CD19との結合に関して、軽鎖相補性決定領域CDR配列であるCDR1 KASQSVDYDGDSYLN(配列番号:16);CDR2 DASNLVS(配列番号:17);およびCDR3 QQSTEDPWT(配列番号:18)ならびに重鎖CDR配列であるCDR1 SYWMN(配列番号:19);CDR2 QIWPGDGDTNYNGKFKG(配列番号:20)およびCDR3 RETTTVGRYYYAMDY(配列番号:21)を含むキメラ抗CD19抗体と競合する、ヒト化抗CD19抗体またはその抗原結合フラグメント。
[2]前記ヒト化抗CD19抗体が、軽鎖相補性決定領域CDR配列であるCDR1 KASQSVDYDGDSYLN(配列番号:16);CDR2 DASNLVS(配列番号:17);およびCDR3 QQSTEDPWT(配列番号:18)ならびに重鎖CDR配列であるCDR1 SYWMN(配列番号:19);CDR2 QIWPGDGDTNYNGKFKG(配列番号:20)およびCDR3 RETTTVGRYYYAMDY(配列番号:21)を含む、[1]に記載のヒト化抗CD19抗体またはそのフラグメント
。
[3]前記抗体またはフラグメントが、hA19VK(配列番号:7)およびhA19VH(配列番号:10)の配列を含む、[1]に記載のヒト化抗CD19抗体またはそのフラグメント。
[4]前記抗体またはフラグメントが、ヒト抗体フレームワーク(FR)および定常領域配列を含む、[2]に記載のヒト化抗CD19抗体またはそのフラグメント。
[5]前記ヒト化抗体が、親マウス抗体の対応するフレームワーク領域配列から置換された1つまたは複数のフレームワーク領域アミノ酸残基を含む、[4]に記載のヒト化抗CD19抗体またはそのフラグメント。
[6]前記置換FRアミノ酸残基が、重鎖可変領域のアミノ酸残基5、27、28、40、48、91、94、107および108ならびに軽鎖可変領域の残基4、39、58、60、87、100および107からなる群より選択される、[5]に記載のヒト化抗CD19抗体またはそのフラグメント。
[7]前記置換FRアミノ酸残基がSer91Phe置換である、[5]に記載のヒト化抗CD19抗体またはそのフラグメント。
[8]前記VH残基91におけるセリンのフェニルアラニンへの置換により、細胞培養中の抗CD19抗体の発現レベルが増加する、[7]に記載のヒト化抗CD19抗体またはそのフラグメント。
[9]前記VH残基91におけるセリンのフェニルアラニンへの置換により、細胞培養中の抗CD19抗体の発現レベルが10倍増加する、[7]に記載のヒト化抗CD19抗体またはそのフラグメント。
[10]B細胞リンパ腫、白血病および自己免疫疾患からなる群より選択されるB細胞疾患を有する対象に、[1]に記載のヒト化抗CD19抗体またはそのフラグメントを投与することを含む、B細胞疾患の治療法。
[11]前記ヒト化抗CD19抗体またはそのフラグメントが、裸の抗体またはフラグメントである、[10]に記載の方法。
[12]CD4、CD5、CD8、CD14、CD15、CD19、CD20、CD21、CD22、CD23、CD25、CD33、CD37、CD38、CD40、CD40L、CD46、CD52、CD54、CD66(a〜d)、CD74、CD80、CD126、CD138、B7、MUC1、Ia、HM1.24、HLA−DR、テネイシン、VEGF、PlGF、ED−Bフィブロネクチン、癌遺伝子、癌遺伝子産物、CD66a〜d、壊死抗原、Ii、IL−2、T101、TAC、IL−6、TRAIL−R1(DR4)またはTRAIL−R2(DR5)と反応する少なくとも1つの治療有効量のヒト化、キメラ、ヒトまたはマウスMAbを、前記対象に同時または順次投与することをさらに含む、[11]に記載の方法。
[13]少なくとも1つの治療有効量の治療薬を、前記対象に同時または順次投与することをさらに含む、[11]に記載の方法。
[14]前記ヒト化抗CD19抗体またはそのフラグメントが、少なくとも1つの治療薬または診断薬とコンジュゲートされている、[10]に記載の方法。
[15]前記治療薬または診断薬が、細胞毒性薬、放射性核種、免疫調節薬、ホルモン、酵素、オリゴヌクレオチドおよび光活性治療薬からなる群より選択される、[14]に記載の方法。
[16]前記細胞毒性薬が薬物または毒素である、[15]に記載の方法。
[17]前記免疫調節薬が、サイトカイン、幹細胞増殖因子、リンホトキシン、造血因子、コロニー刺激因子(CSF)、インターフェロン(IFN)、幹細胞増殖因子、エリスロポエチンおよびトロンボポエチンからなる群より選択される、[15]に記載の方法。
[18]前記リンホトキシンが腫瘍壊死因子(TNF)であり、前記造血因子がインターロイキン(IL)であり、前記コロニー刺激因子が顆粒球コロニー刺激因子(G−CSF)または顆粒球マクロファージコロニー刺激因子(GM−CSF)であり、前記インターフェロンがインターフェロン−アルファ、−ベータまたは−ガンマであり、かつ前記幹細胞増殖因子がS1因子である、[17]に記載の方法。
[19]前記ヒト化抗CD19MAbまたはそのフラグメントが、CD4、CD5、CD8、CD14、CD15、CD19、CD20、CD21、CD22、CD23、CD25、CD33、CD37、CD38、CD40、CD40L、CD46、CD52、CD54、CD66(a〜d)、CD74、CD80、CD126、CD138、B7、MUC1、Ia、HM1.24、HLA−DR、テネイシン、VEGF、PlGF、ED−Bフィブロネクチン、癌遺伝子、癌遺伝子産物、CD66a〜d、壊死抗原、Ii、IL−2、T101、TAC、IL−6、TRAIL−R1(DR4)もしくはTRAIL−R2(DR5)と結合するその他の抗体またはそのフラグメントを少なくとも1つ含む、二重特異性もしくは多重特異性抗体またはそのフラグメントの一部として投与される、[10]に記載の方法。
[20]対象におけるB細胞疾患の診断法であって、
a)前記抗体またはそのフラグメントが少なくとも1つの診断薬とコンジュゲートされている[1]に記載の抗体またはそのフラグメントを、前記対象に投与することと、
b)前記抗体またはフラグメントと1つまたは複数のB細胞との結合を検出し、結合が前記対象におけるB細胞疾患の存在を示すことと
を含む診断法。
[21]前記疾患がリンパ腫または白血病または自己免疫疾患である、[20]に記載の方法。
[22]前記診断薬が、放射性標識、光活性診断薬、超音波造影剤または非放射性標識である、[20]に記載の方法。
Claims (9)
- a)軽鎖可変領域のhA19VK(配列番号:7)のアミノ酸配列を含み、重鎖可変領域(VH)のhA19VH(配列番号:10)のアミノ酸配列において、配列番号:10の95位におけるフェニルアラニンがセリンへ置換されたアミノ酸配列を含む、第一のヒト化抗CD19抗体またはその抗原結合フラグメントであって、
CD19との結合に関して、軽鎖相補性決定領域CDR配列であるCDR1 KASQSVDYDGDSYLN(配列番号:16);CDR2 DASNLVS(配列番号:17);およびCDR3 QQSTEDPWT(配列番号:18)ならびに重鎖CDR配列であるCDR1 SYWMN(配列番号:19);CDR2 QIWPGDGDTNYNGKFKG(配列番号:20)およびCDR3 RETTTVGRYYYAMDY(配列番号:21)を含むキメラ抗CD19抗体と競合する、ヒト化抗CD19抗体またはその抗原結合フラグメントと、
b)第二のヒト化抗体またはその抗原結合フラグメント
とを含む、二重特異性抗体。 - 第二の抗体が、CD3、CD4、CD5、CD8、CD14、CD15、CD19、CD20、CD21、CD22、CD23、CD25、CD33、CD37、CD38、CD40、CD40L、CD46、CD52、CD54、CD66(a〜d)、CD74、CD80、CD126、CD138、B7、MUC、Ia、HM1.24、HLA−DR、テネイシン、VEGF、PlGF、ED−Bフィブロネクチン、癌遺伝子、癌遺伝子産物、CD66a〜d、壊死抗原、Ii、IL−2、T101、TAC、IL−6、TRAIL−R1(DR4)およびTRAIL−R2(DR5)からなる群から選択される抗体に結合する、請求項1に記載の二重特異性抗体。
- 第二の抗体がCD3に結合する、請求項1に記載の二重特異性抗体。
- B細胞疾患の治療薬であって、
請求項1に記載の二重特異性抗体を含み、
B細胞リンパ腫、白血病および自己免疫疾患からなる群より選択されるB細胞疾患を有する対象に投与される、治療薬。 - CD4、CD5、CD8、CD14、CD15、CD19、CD20、CD21、CD22、CD23、CD25、CD33、CD37、CD38、CD40、CD40L、CD46、CD52、CD54、CD66(a〜d)、CD74、CD80、CD126、CD138、B7、MUC1、Ia、HM1.24、HLA−DR、テネイシン、VEGF、PlGF、ED−Bフィブロネクチン、癌遺伝子、癌遺伝子産物、CD66a〜d、壊死抗原、Ii、IL−2、T101、TAC、IL−6、TRAIL−R1(DR4)またはTRAIL−R2(DR5)と反応する、治療有効量の少なくとも1つのヒト化、キメラ、ヒトまたはマウスモノクローナル抗体を前記対象に同時または順次投与される、請求項4に記載の治療薬。
- 細胞毒性薬、免疫調節薬、ホルモン、酵素、オリゴヌクレオチドおよび光活性治療薬からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの治療有効量のその他の治療薬が、前記対象に同時または順次投与される、請求項4に記載の治療薬。
- 二重特異性抗体が、細胞毒性薬、放射性核種、免疫調節薬、ホルモン、酵素、オリゴヌクレオチドおよび光活性治療薬のうち少なくとも1つとコンジュゲートされている、請求項4に記載の治療薬。
- 前記細胞毒性薬が薬物または毒素であり、前記免疫調節薬が、サイトカイン、幹細胞増殖因子、リンホトキシン、造血因子、コロニー刺激因子(CSF)、インターフェロン(IFN)、幹細胞増殖因子、エリスロポエチンおよびトロンボポエチンからなる群より選択される、請求項6または7に記載の治療薬。
- 対象におけるB細胞疾患の診断に用いるための診断薬であって、
放射性標識、光活性診断薬、超音波造影剤または非放射性標識からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つとコンジュゲートされている請求項1に記載の二重特異性抗体を含み、
該診断薬が対象に投与され、前記抗体またはその抗原結合フラグメントと1つまたは複数のB細胞との結合が検出された場合、前記結合により前記対象におけるB細胞疾患の存在が示される、診断薬。
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Cited By (2)
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CN111253487A (zh) * | 2018-12-03 | 2020-06-09 | 广东东阳光药业有限公司 | Cd19抗体及其应用 |
CN111253487B (zh) * | 2018-12-03 | 2024-02-02 | 广东东阳光药业股份有限公司 | Cd19抗体及其应用 |
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