JP2015199576A - Unloading device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an unloading device capable of reducing a load on an operator when pulling up an object to be unloaded, and pulling up the object to be unloaded reliably.SOLUTION: In a mounting bracket 11 mounted to a safety fence 2 of a building 1, first and second fixed pulleys 12, 13 are provided, and a support side connection part 16a of a first rope 16 is connected to the mounting bracket 11. The first rope 16 is wound around in an order of a moving pulley 15 provided with a hook 14 and the first fixed pulley 12 from the support side connection part 16a, and reaches the building 1. The first rope 16 hangs a cylinder 3 held by the hook 14 along with the moving pulley 15. A moving pulley side connection part 17a of a second rope 17 is connected to the cylinder 3. The second rope 17 is wound around in an order of the second fixed pulley 13 and the first fixed pulley 12 from the moving pulley side connection part 17a, and connected to the first rope 16.

Description

  The present invention relates to a lifting device that lifts a lifting object.

  Conventionally, in order to unload an object to be unloaded from the ground onto a roof, a guide rope is stretched between two struts respectively provided at the upper end and lower end of a ladder, and a pulley block in which the unloading object is suspended is guided. An unloading device has been proposed in which the unloading rope is lifted while being guided by a rope. A support pulley provided on the upper end of the ladder is provided with a fixed pulley around which a lifting rope is wound. The unloading object is pulled up by an operator on the ground pulling down the unloading rope (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2011-201636 A

  However, since the unloading rope is wrapped around a fixed pulley and the direction of the unloading rope is changed, the weight of the unloading object is reflected as it is in the magnitude of the pulling force of the unloading rope, and the operator pulling the unloading rope The burden of will increase. Thereby, especially when the object to be unloaded is a heavy object, the balance of the object to be unloaded is easily lost during the unloading operation.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can reduce the burden on an operator when lifting an object to be unloaded, and can unload the object to be unloaded more reliably. The object is to obtain a device.

  The unloading device according to the present invention is a lifting device for lifting an object to be unloaded at a landing preparation position and transporting it to a landing target position set in a building, and a support attached to a fixed structure of the building The first fixed pulley provided on the member and the support member and disposed at a position farther outward than the side surface of the building, provided on the support member, and disposed closer to the building than the first constant pulley. A second fixed pulley, a moving pulley provided with a holding tool for holding an object to be unloaded, a support side connection portion connected to the support member, and from the support side connection portion, the moving pulley, the first fixed pulley Wrapped in the order of pulleys to reach the building, and has a first rope that suspends the object to be unloaded held by the holder together with the moving pulley, and a moving pulley side connection connected to the holder or the object to be unloaded. From the moving pulley side connection part, Fixed pulleys, and a second rope connected to the first rope wound around the order of the first fixed pulley.

  According to the unloading apparatus according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the pulling force of the first and second ropes when pulling the unloading object, and it is possible to pull the unloading object while pulling it to the building. Thereby, an operator's burden at the time of raising a lifting target can be reduced, and a lifting target can be pulled up more certainly.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a block diagram which shows the unloading apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the state in the middle of pulling up the cylinder of FIG. 1 with the unloading apparatus. It is a block diagram which shows the state which the cylinder of FIG. 2 reached the height of the rooftop of a building. It is a block diagram which shows the unloading apparatus by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is an enlarged view which shows the state of the 1st fixed pulley of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the state which the cylinder of FIG. 4 reached the height of the rooftop of a building. It is an enlarged view which shows the state of the 1st fixed pulley of FIG.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a lifting device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the figure, a safety fence 2 as a fixed structure is fixed on the roof of the building 1. At the unloading preparation position set on the ground, a cylinder (heavy object) 3 that is an object to be unloaded is placed. On the roof of the building 1, an unloading target position higher than the unloading preparation position is set as a transportation destination of the cylinder 3. When the cylinder 3 existing at the unloading preparation position is transported to the unloading target position set on the roof of the building 1, the unloading device 4 for lifting the cylinder 3 is attached to the safety fence 2.

  The unloading device 4 includes a mounting bracket (support member) 11 attached to the safety fence 2, first and second fixed pulleys 12 and 13 provided on the mounting bracket 11, and a hook that holds the cylinder 3. (Holding tool) 14 is provided with a moving pulley 15, a first rope 16 that is wound around the moving pulley 15 and the first fixed pulley 12 and suspends the cylinder 3 together with the moving pulley 15, and the first and second And a second rope 17 wound around the fixed pulleys 12 and 13.

  The mounting bracket 11 is attached to the safety fence 2 in a state of protruding from the side surface of the building 1 when the building 1 is viewed from directly above. Further, the mounting bracket 11 is arranged at a position higher than the unloading target position set on the roof of the building 1. Furthermore, the mounting bracket 11 includes a mounting bracket body 11a and a rope connection portion 11b fixed to the mounting bracket body 11a. The mounting bracket main body 11a is detachably attached to the safety fence 2 by, for example, gripping the beam of the safety fence 2. The rope connecting portion 11b is fixed to the intermediate portion of the mounting bracket main body 11a.

  The 1st fixed pulley 12 is provided in the front-end | tip part of the attachment metal fitting main body 11a. Thereby, the 1st fixed pulley 12 is arrange | positioned in the position away from the side surface of the building 1 outside. The rotation shaft 12a of the first fixed pulley 12 is disposed horizontally. Two rope grooves along the circumferential direction of the first constant pulley 12 are provided side by side on the outer peripheral portion of the first constant pulley 12. The first rope 16 is inserted into one rope groove of the first constant pulley 12, and the second rope 17 is inserted into the other rope groove of the first constant pulley 12.

  The 2nd fixed pulley 13 is provided in the base part near the safety fence 2 of the attachment metal fitting main body 11a. Thereby, the second fixed pulley 13 is arranged at a position closer to the building 1 than the first fixed pulley 12. Further, the second constant pulley 13 is disposed at a position lower than the first constant pulley 12. The rotation shaft 13 a of the second constant pulley 13 is arranged in parallel with the rotation shaft 12 a of the first constant pulley 12. A rope groove into which the second rope 17 is inserted is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the second constant pulley 13 along the circumferential direction of the second constant pulley 13. The rope connecting portion 11b of the mounting bracket 11 is located farther away from the building 1 than the second fixed pulley 13 and closer to the building 1 than the first fixed pulley 12 (that is, the first and second pulleys 11b). Between the fixed pulleys 12 and 13).

  The hook 14 is attached to the rotating shaft 15 a of the movable pulley 15. Further, the hook 14 is suspended from the rotating shaft 15 a of the movable pulley 15. The hook 14 remains suspended from the rotating shaft 15a even when the movable pulley 15 rotates. The cylinder 3 is held by the hook 14 by hanging the upper part of the cylinder 3 on the hook 14.

  The movable pulley 15 is suspended from the first rope 16 so that the rotation shaft 15a is parallel to the rotation shafts 12a and 13a of the first and second constant pulleys 12 and 13, respectively. A rope groove into which the first rope 16 is inserted is provided in the outer peripheral portion of the movable pulley 15 along the circumferential direction of the movable pulley 15.

  The first rope 16 has a support side connection portion 16 a connected to the rope connection portion 11 b of the mounting bracket 11. In this example, the end portion of the first rope 16 is a support side connection portion 16a. In addition, the first rope 16 is wound around the support pulley 16 and the first fixed pulley 12 in this order from the support side connection portion 16 a and reaches the roof of the building 1. That is, the first rope 16 is wound around the movable pulley 15 and the first constant pulley 12 while avoiding the second constant pulley 13. Thereby, the winding method of the first rope 16 around the pulley is a 2: 1 roping method.

  The cylinder 3 is pulled up together with the movable pulley 15 when the worker 5 on the roof of the building 1 pulls the first rope 16 from the first fixed pulley 12 toward the building 1. Since the winding method of the first rope 16 is the 2: 1 roping method, the magnitude of the force pulling the first rope 16 when pulling up the cylinder 3 is 1/2 the weight of the cylinder 3. It is alleviated.

  The second rope 17 has a moving pulley side connecting portion 17 a connected to the upper portion of the cylinder 3. In this example, the end portion of the second rope 17 is a moving pulley side connection portion 17a. The second rope 17 is wound around the second fixed pulley 13 and the second fixed pulley 12 in this order from the moving pulley side connecting portion 17 a, and the first rope 16 is connected with a knot (interconnecting portion) 18. It is connected to the. Further, the second rope 17 is wound around the first and second constant pulleys 12 and 13 while avoiding the movable pulley 15. Thereby, the method of winding the second rope 17 around the pulley is a 1: 1 roping method. When the cylinder 3 is present at the unloading preparation position set on the ground and the hook 14 is hooked on the cylinder 3 (that is, the cylinder 3 is held by the hook 14), the second rope 17 is loosened. It is supposed to be. That is, the lengths of the first and second ropes 16 and 17 are adjusted so that the second rope 17 is slackened while the hook 14 is hooked on the cylinder 3 existing at the unloading preparation position. The position of the knot 18 is closer to the building 1 than the first fixed pulley 12.

  FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a state in the middle of lifting the cylinder 3 of FIG. 1 by the unloading device 4. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram illustrating a state where the cylinder 3 of FIG. 2 has reached the height of the roof of the building 1. Since the second rope 17 is connected to the first rope 16 at the knot 18, when the first rope 16 moves, the second rope 17 also moves together with the first rope 16. Further, since the winding method of the first rope 16 is the 2: 1 roping method and the winding method of the second rope 17 is the 1: 1 roping method, the moving distance of the second rope 17 is The distance of the cylinder 3 and the moving pulley 15 due to the movement of the one rope 16 is twice as long. Therefore, when the cylinder 3 and the moving pulley 15 are pulled up by the movement of the first rope 16, the second rope 17 moves faster than the cylinder 3 and the moving pulley 15, and the cylinder 3 and the moving pulley 15 are moved to the roof of the building 1. The slack of the second rope 17 disappears until it reaches the height of FIG. 2 (FIG. 2). Thereafter, the cylinder 3 and the movable pulley 15 move while being drawn toward the building 1 by the movement of the second rope 17. It rises (Fig. 3).

  Next, an unloading method for lifting the cylinder (heavy object) 3 from the unloading preparation position set on the ground to the unloading target position set on the roof of the building 1 will be described. The unloading device 4 is previously completed by combining the mounting bracket 11, the first and second fixed pulleys 12 and 13, the hook 14, the movable pulley 15, and the first and second ropes 16 and 17. When lifting the cylinder 3 using the unloading device 4, the mounting bracket 11 is attached to the safety fence 2 fixed on the roof of the building 1. At this time, the mounting bracket 11 is attached to a position higher than the target landing position on the roof of the building 1. Thereafter, while feeding out the first and second ropes 16 and 17, the movable pulley 15 is lowered together with the hook 14 from the position of the mounting bracket 11 to the position of the cylinder 3 placed at the unloading preparation position on the ground (unloading device). Installation process).

  Thereafter, the hook 14 is hung on the cylinder 3 and the cylinder 3 is held by the hook 14. At this time, as shown in FIG. 1, even if the first rope 16 is stretched, the second rope 17 is loosened (heavy object holding step).

  Thereafter, the operator 5 pulls up the cylinder 3 and the movable pulley 15 by pulling the first rope 16 on the roof of the building 1 and moving the first and second ropes 16 and 17 together.

  When the first and second ropes 16 and 17 are moved together in the direction in which the cylinder 3 and the moving pulley 15 are pulled up, the looseness of the second rope 17 is reduced as the cylinder 3 and the moving pulley 15 are raised. After that, when the first and second ropes 16 and 17 are further moved to eliminate the slack of the second rope 17, the state of the second rope 17 is linearly stretched as shown in FIG. become. Thereafter, when the first and second ropes 16 and 17 are further moved, the cylinder 3 and the movable pulley 15 are moved up by the second rope 17 while being raised by the first rope 16 as shown in FIG. It is drawn in a direction approaching 1.

  Thereafter, when the cylinder 3 and the movable pulley 15 reach the height of the roof of the building 1, the hooks 14 are removed from the cylinder 3 while supporting the cylinder 3, and the cylinder 3 is placed at the target landing position set on the roof of the building 1. . In this way, the cylinder 3 is carried from the ground to the roof of the building 1 (heavy object carrying step).

  In such an unloading device 4, the first rope 16 is wound around the first constant pulley 12 and the movable pulley 15, and the second rope 17 avoids the movable pulley 15 and the first and second constant pulleys 12. 13, and the cylinder 3 is held by the hook 14 provided on the movable pulley 15, so that the force of pulling the first rope 16 with respect to the weight of the cylinder 3 can be reduced. . Thereby, the burden of the operator 5 when pulling up the cylinder 3 can be reduced, and the cylinder 3 can be pulled up stably. Moreover, since the cylinder 3 can be pulled up by the first rope 16 while pulling the cylinder 3 in the direction approaching the building 1 by the second rope 17, the cylinder 3 reaching the roof of the building 1 is brought closer to the building 1. Can be held in a state. Thereby, the worker 5 can easily reach the cylinder 3 suspended from the unloading device 4 from the building 1, and the cylinder 3 can be more reliably carried to the building 1.

  In addition, when the cylinder 3 existing at the unloading preparation position set on the ground is held by the hook 14, the second rope 17 is loosened. The building 1 can be prevented from being excessively drawn, and the cylinder 3 can be pulled up more reliably.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a lifting device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing a state of the first constant pulley 12 of FIG. Further, FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a state where the cylinder 3 of FIG. 4 has reached the height of the roof of the building 1. FIG. 7 is an enlarged view showing a state of the first constant pulley 12 of FIG. A stopper 21 is fixed to the distal end portion of the mounting bracket main body 11a. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, the stopper 21 is fixed to the plate-like fixing portion 22 fixed to the mounting bracket main body 11 a, and fixed to the fixing portion 22. And a pressing portion 23 facing the outer peripheral portion of the fixed pulley 12.

  The shape of the pressing portion 23 is an arc shape along the outer peripheral portion of the first constant pulley 12. Further, the pressing portion 23 faces the portion of the outer peripheral portion of the first constant pulley 12 around which the first and second ropes 16 and 17 are wound. That is, the pressing portion 23 faces the first fixed pulley 12 via the first and second ropes 16 and 17. The opposing surface of the pressing portion 23 with respect to the outer peripheral portion of the first constant pulley 12 is a rough surface 23a on which a plurality of irregularities are formed.

  A guide hole 24, which is a long hole, is provided in the mounting bracket body 11 a from the distal end of the mounting bracket body 11 a toward the building 1. A slider 25 is disposed in the guide hole 24. The slider 25 is provided with a rotary shaft 12a of the first constant pulley 12 so as to be rotatable. Thereby, the 1st fixed pulley 12 can be displaced along the guide hole 24 with the slider 25 with respect to the attachment metal fitting main body 11a.

  The first fixed pulley 12 is displaced along the guide hole 24, thereby gripping the first and second ropes 16 and 17 with the rough surface 23a of the pressing portion 23 (FIG. 5). And a release position (FIG. 7) that releases the grip of the first and second ropes 16 and 17 between the gripping position and the rough surface 23a of the pressing portion 23 in a direction close to the building 1. The mounting bracket body 11a is displaced.

  The mounting bracket main body 11a is provided with a spring (biasing body) 26 that biases the first constant pulley 12 to the gripping position. The spring 26 is disposed at a position closer to the building 1 than the slider 25. In addition, the spring 26 generates an elastic restoring force (biasing force) that biases the first constant pulley 12 to the gripping position in a state where the spring 26 is contracted between the inner surface of the guide hole 24 and the slider 25.

  In a state where the force in the direction of pulling up the cylinder 3 and the moving pulley 15 is not applied to the first and second ropes 16 and 17, the first constant pulley 12 is biased by the spring 26 (see FIG. 5). It is displaced to the gripping position by an elastic restoring force). In a state where the first fixed pulley 12 has reached the gripping position, the first and second ropes 16 and 17 are gripped between the outer peripheral portion of the first constant pulley 12 and the rough surface 23a of the pressing portion 23. The movement of the first and second ropes 16 and 17 is prevented.

  When a force in the direction of pulling up the cylinder 3 and the moving pulley 15 is applied to the first and second ropes 16 and 17, the first constant pulley 12 grips against the biasing force of the spring 26 as shown in FIG. It is displaced from the position to the release position. When the first fixed pulley 12 is displaced from the gripping position to the release position, the blocking of the movement of the first and second ropes 16 and 17 is released.

  The first fixed pulley 12 is provided with a release rope 27 connected to the slider 25. The release rope 27 reaches the roof of the building 1 from the slider 25. Thereby, the operator 5 on the roof of the building 1 can pull the release rope 27. The first fixed pulley 12 is forcibly displaced from the holding position to the release position against the urging force of the spring 26 when the release rope 27 is pulled toward the building 1. As a result, the blocking of the movement of the first and second ropes 16 and 17 is forcibly released. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  Next, an unloading method for lifting the cylinder (unloading object) 3 from the unloading preparation position set on the ground to the unloading target position set on the roof of the building 1 will be described. The unloading device 4 is attached to the safety fence 2 of the building 1 in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Thereafter, the release rope 27 is pulled on the roof of the building 1 to release the first and second ropes 16 and 17 by the stopper 21 and the first fixed pulley 12 while releasing the first and second ropes. 16 and 17 are extended, and the movable pulley 15 is lowered together with the hook 14 to the position of the cylinder 3 placed at the ground preparation preparation position (unloading device mounting step).

  Thereafter, in the same manner as in the first embodiment, after holding the cylinder 3 on the hook 14 (heavy object holding step), the operator 5 pulls the first and second ropes 16 and 17 on the roof of the building 1. Then, the cylinder 3 and the movable pulley 15 are pulled up. At this time, the gripping of the first rope 16 by the stopper 21 and the first fixed pulley 12 is released by the pulling force of the first and second ropes 16, 17, and the first and second ropes 16, 17 are moved. Will not be prevented.

  If, for example, the operator 5 releases the first and second ropes 16 and 17 while the cylinder 3 and the movable pulley 15 are being pulled up, there is no force to pull the first and second ropes 16 and 17. The first constant pulley 12 is displaced to the holding position by the urging force of the spring 26, and the first and second ropes 16 and 17 are held between the stopper 21 and the first constant pulley 12. Thereby, the movement of the 1st and 2nd ropes 16 and 17 is blocked | prevented and the fall of the cylinder 3 and the movable pulley 15 is prevented.

  Thereafter, when the cylinder 3 and the movable pulley 15 reach the height of the roof of the building 1, the hook 14 is removed from the cylinder 3 while supporting the cylinder 3 in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and is set on the roof of the building 1. Place cylinder 3 at the target unloading position. In this way, the cylinder 3 is carried from the ground to the roof of the building 1 (heavy object carrying step).

  In such an unloading device 4, the first fixed pulley 12 holds the first and second ropes 16, 17 with the stopper 21, and the first and second ropes 16, 17. Since the spring 26 for urging the first fixed pulley 12 to the gripping position is provided in the mounting bracket main body 11a so that it can be displaced between the release position for releasing the gripping, Even without the force of pulling the first and second ropes 16 and 17, the first constant pulley 12 can be displaced to the gripping position by the biasing force of the spring 26, and the first and second ropes 16 and 17 can be displaced. The movement can be prevented. Thereby, even if it is a case where the 1st and 2nd ropes 16 and 17 have left | separated from the operator 5, the fall of the cylinder 3 and the movable pulley 15 can be prevented, and the safety | security of the raising operation | work of the cylinder 3 is safe. It is possible to improve the property and prevent the cylinder 3 from being damaged.

  In addition, since the first fixed pulley 12 is provided with the release rope 27, the first rope 16 and the stopper 21 can grip the first and second ropes 16 and 17, and the release rope 27. Can be forcibly released by pulling. Thereby, even if the cylinder 3 is not suspended by the first rope 16, the first and second ropes 16 and 17 can be moved. For example, in order to hang the cylinder 3 on the hook 14, The first and second ropes 16 and 17 can be extended to make it easy to lower the movable pulley 15 together with the hook 14 from the height of the roof of the building 1. Thereby, the burden of the raising operation | work of the cylinder 3 can further be reduced.

  In addition, in each said embodiment, although the cylinder 3 is used as an unloading target object pulled up by the unloading apparatus 4, things other than the cylinder 3 are good also as an unloading target object.

  Moreover, in each said embodiment, although the attachment metal fitting 11 is attached to the safety fence 2 currently fixed on the roof of the building 1, it is not restricted to this, For example, the fixed structure currently fixed to the intermediate floor of the building 1 The mounting bracket 11 may be attached to an object (for example, a safety fence).

  In each of the above embodiments, the moving pulley side connecting portion 17a of the second rope 17 is connected to the cylinder 3, but the moving pulley side connecting portion 17a of the second rope 17 is connected to the hook 14. Also good. If it does in this way, the moving pulley side connection part 17a of the 2nd rope 17 can be previously connected to the hook 14, and the effort which connects the 2nd rope 17 to the cylinder 3 for every raising operation | work of the cylinder 3 Can be eliminated.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Building, 2 Safety fence (fixed structure), 3 cylinder (unloading object), 4 unloading device, 11 mounting bracket (support member), 12 1st fixed pulley, 13 2nd fixed pulley, 14 hook (holding) Tool), 15 movable pulley, 16 first rope, 17 second rope, 21 stopper, 26 spring (biasing body), 27 release rope.

Claims (4)

An unloading device for lifting an object to be unloaded at the unloading preparation position and transporting it to a unloading target position set in the building,
A support member attached to the fixed structure of the building,
A first fixed pulley provided on the support member and disposed at a position farther outward than the side surface of the building;
A second fixed pulley provided on the support member and disposed closer to the building than the first fixed pulley;
A movable pulley provided with a holding tool for holding the unloading object;
A support-side connection portion connected to the support member; the support-side connection portion is wound around the moving pulley and the first fixed pulley in that order to reach the building, and is held by the holder A first rope for suspending the unloading object together with the moving pulley, and a moving pulley side connecting portion connected to the holding tool or the unloading object, and from the moving pulley side connecting portion, the second A unloading device comprising a second rope that is wound around the first fixed pulley and the first fixed pulley and is connected to the first rope. A stopper is fixed to the support member,
The first fixed pulley has a gripping position for gripping the first and second ropes between the stopper and the stopper between the gripping position and a position closer to the building than the gripping position. It can be displaced with respect to the support member between the release position for releasing the grip of the first and second ropes,
The unloading apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the support member is provided with a biasing body that biases the first constant pulley to the gripping position. The first fixed pulley is provided with a release rope,
The unloading device according to claim 2, wherein the first fixed pulley is displaced to the release position against the urging force of the urging body when the release rope is pulled in a direction approaching the building.   The unloading apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second rope is loosened in a state where the unloading object existing at the unloading preparation position is held by the holding tool.

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