JP2015194072A - Thin membrane solar battery module - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solar battery device for a wall surface, which facilitates execution of work when a solar battery module is incorporated into an existing building, and which facilitates replacement of the solar battery module.SOLUTION: A solar battery device for a wall surface has a structure in which a thin membrane solar battery module is interposed between a translucent wall material and a plate material provided in parallel with the wall material. The solar battery device for the wall surface includes at least one set of frame materials that are installed on opposed side surfaces of the wall material, and a locking member that is detachably attached to the frame materials and that locks the plate material and the frame materials.

Description

  The present invention relates to a thin film solar cell module.

Conventionally, a method of using a solar power generation module with a dedicated frame in order to integrate a solar cell module with a curtain wall is known. (Patent Document 1)
Moreover, according to the said patent document 1, the cover material for protecting and concealing the terminal box and connection cable of the back surface of a solar cell module was required. Thus, as a photovoltaic power generation module that does not require ancillary equipment such as a cover material, an installation structure of a solar cell module having a terminal box protruding from the outer peripheral portion of the module body is known. (Patent Document 2)

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-13130 JP 2002-164561 A

  The technologies disclosed in these patent documents are basically technologies that are premised on incorporation in a building structure installed in a building frame, and the building structure is dedicated to install solar cell modules in the building. There was a need to design. Therefore, when the solar cell module is to be incorporated into an existing building, the construction is complicated, and it is necessary to procure a member designed for exclusive use, resulting in high costs.

  In recent years, the power generation performance of solar cell modules, particularly thin-film solar cells, has been improving every day. By replacing existing solar cell modules with the latest solar cell modules, the power generation performance of the entire building can be improved. it can. However, if the solar cell module is incorporated in the building structure, complicated work is required just by removing it, and the cost for replacement becomes high.

  As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have heretofore carried out technical development on the premise that they are firmly fixed to a building structure, but the thin-film solar cell module is lightweight. Therefore, it is not always necessary to fix firmly, and the above-mentioned problems have been solved and the present invention has been achieved by adopting a specific fixing structure that does not receive external force such as direct wind pressure. That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows.

[1] A solar cell device for a wall surface having a structure in which a thin-film solar cell module is interposed between a translucent wall material and a plate material arranged in parallel with the wall material,
At least one set of frame members installed on opposite sides of the wall material;
A solar cell device for a wall surface, which is detachably attached to the frame material, and has a locking member that locks the plate material and the frame material.
[2] The solar cell device for wall surface according to [1], wherein the frame member is provided on all side surfaces of the wall member.
[3] The solar cell device for wall surface according to [1] or [2], wherein the thin film solar cell module has a structure in which a thin film solar cell element is sandwiched between a front surface protective layer and a back surface protective layer.
[4] The solar cell device for wall surface according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the surface protective layer and / or the back surface protective layer is made of a material having rigidity.
[5] The solar cell device for wall surface according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the thin film solar cell element is an organic thin film solar cell element.
[6] The solar cell device for wall surface according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein a material of the wall material is glass or resin.
[7] The solar cell device for wall surface according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein a material of the locking member is a metal.
[8] The solar cell device for wall surface according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the plate material is a translucent plate material.
[9] The solar cell device for wall surface according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the thin-film solar cell module is a translucent thin-film solar cell module.
[10] The solar cell device for wall surface according to any one of [1] to [9], which has a light interference preventing member between the transparent wall material and the thin film solar cell module.

  According to the present invention, it is not necessary to incorporate in a building structure, and a solar cell device that can be easily constructed and easily detached can be provided.

It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram (1) showing the structure of the wall surface thin film solar cell apparatus as one Embodiment of this invention. It is an external appearance schematic diagram (1) showing the structure of the solar cell apparatus for wall surfaces as one Embodiment of this invention. It is the cross-sectional schematic diagram (2) and external appearance schematic diagram (2) showing the structure of the solar cell apparatus for wall surfaces as one Embodiment of this invention. It is an external appearance schematic diagram (3) showing the structure of the solar cell apparatus for wall surfaces as one Embodiment of this invention. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram (4) showing the structure of the wall surface thin film solar cell apparatus as one Embodiment of this invention. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram (5) showing the structure of the wall surface thin film solar cell apparatus as one Embodiment of this invention. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing the structure to which the frame material and locking member concerning this invention were attached so that attachment or detachment was possible. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing the structure of the thin film solar cell module which concerns on this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. The description of the constituent requirements described below is an example (representative example) of an embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to these contents unless it exceeds the gist.

1. Wall surface solar cell device 10
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell device 10 for a wall surface having a structure in which a thin-film solar cell module 1 is interposed between a translucent wall material 2 and a plate material 3 arranged in parallel with the wall material. It is. The wall member 2 has at least one set of frame members 4 on opposite side surfaces and is supported by the frame member 4. A locking member 5 is detachably attached to the frame member 4, and the locking member locks the plate member 3 and the frame member 4.

  According to the configuration of the present invention, the wall material 2 and the plate material 3 arranged in parallel with the wall material are maintained at a predetermined distance, and therefore, a thin film solar cell is provided between the plate material 3 and the wall material 2. The module 1 can be held. Even if the thin film solar cell module 1 is held by the wall material 2 and the plate material 3 without being in contact with the frame material 4, the lower surface of the thin film solar cell module 1 is in contact with the frame material 4, and the wall material 2, the plate material 3 and the frame It may be held by the material 4.

  The opposing side surfaces of the wall material 2 are, for example, the upper and lower side surfaces or the left and right side surfaces of the wall material 2 when the wall material 2 is rectangular or square. However, the locking member 5 attached to the frame member 4 on the opposite side surface locks the frame member 4 and the plate member 3, so that the thin-film solar cell module 1 has the translucent wall member 2, If it can interpose between the board | plate materials 3 arranged in parallel with a wall material, it will not be limited to this.

  The specific method of having the frame material 4 on the side surface of the wall material 2 is not limited. For example, the wall material 2 and the frame material 4 may be fixed via a sealing material or the like, or may be fixed by fitting. In order to protect the wall material from damage due to vibration or impact from the side surface, it is preferable that the wall material 2 and the frame material 4 are fixed via a sealing material.

  The present invention has one feature in that the frame member 4 and the plate member 3 are locked by the locking member 5, thereby facilitating the attachment and detachment of the thin film solar cell module 1 and improving the workability. be able to.

  Usually, the thin-film solar cell module 1 included in the solar cell device 10 for wall surface according to the present invention receives sunlight transmitted through the translucent wall material 2 and generates power. In the case where the thin film solar cell module 11 can generate power on any of the surfaces received on the wall material 2 side and the plate material 3 side, the plate material 3 is also formed of a light-transmitting member, so that the light can be emitted outdoors and indoors. It can generate electricity.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic external view of the wall surface solar cell device 10 on the plate material side. Note that FIG. 1 described above is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A ′ of FIG. 2. In FIG. 2, the frame member 4 is provided on four sides of the rectangular wall member 2, that is, on all side surfaces of the wall member 2, but at least one set of the frame member 4 is provided on the opposite side surface of the wall member 2. That's fine. In order to fix the frame member 4 and the wall member 2, it is preferable to have the frame member 4 on all side surfaces of the wall member 2. When the frame material 4 is provided on all side surfaces, a frame material in which all side surfaces are integrated in advance may be used, or a plurality of frame materials 4 may be used. When using the some frame material 4, it is preferable that it is mutually fixed.

  In FIG. 2, the area of the light receiving surface of the thin film solar cell module 1 is smaller than the plate material 3, and the thin film solar cell module 1 is completely covered by the plate material 3 when the wall surface solar cell device 10 is viewed from the plate material side. The size of the thin film solar cell module 1 and the plate material 3 is not limited as long as the thin film solar cell module 1 can be interposed between the wall material 2 and the plate material 3.

  It is preferable that the area of the light receiving surface can be maximized when the thin-film solar cell module 1 has a size in contact with the inner periphery of the frame member 4. The shape of the thin film solar cell module 1 is preferably a shape that fits in a region formed by the inner periphery of the frame member 4 on the surface of the wall material 2 on the thin film solar cell module 1 side. The size is preferably smaller than the area of the region. This is because the thin-film solar cell module 1 is easily interposed between the wall material and the plate material 3. Either the thin film solar cell module 1 or the plate material 3 may be larger, but when the thin film solar cell module 1 has flexibility, the larger the plate material 3 than the thin film solar cell module 1 is, the thin film solar cell module is. It is preferable at the point which can fix 1 whole. When the thin film solar cell module 1 has rigidity, it is not limited to this, and the size of the plate material 3 may be set as necessary.

  When the bending stress of the plate material is weak, the reinforcing material 6 may be installed on the plate material (FIG. 3 (a), FIG. 3 (b)). FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ of FIG. As the reinforcing member 6, a pipe, an angle, or the like can be used. By using the reinforcing material 6, the thickness of the plate material can be reduced and the number of the locking members 5 can be reduced.

  When the plate material 3 is an opaque material, the gap between the frame material 4 and the side surface of the plate material 3 may be increased for indoor lighting. Specifically, the area of the plate member 3 is usually 30% or more, preferably 50% or more, more preferably 60% or more, and usually 95% or less, relative to the area of the translucent wall material 1. By setting it to preferably 90% or less, more preferably 80% or less, external light that has passed through the wall material 1 can be introduced into the room.

  As described above, the size and shape of the thin-film solar cell module 1 and the plate member 3 can be arbitrarily set, but the plate member 3 has a length in the direction of the pair of frame members 4 to which the locking members 5 are attached. It is usually 90% or more, preferably 95% or more, more preferably 98% or more, and usually 100% or less, preferably 99% or less with respect to the distance between the frame members. This is because the plate material 3 can be stably locked when the area where the locking member 5 and the plate material 3 are in contact with each other is larger.

  The locking member 5 may be attached to the upper and lower frame members 4 of the wall member 2 as illustrated in FIG. 2, or may be attached to the left and right frame members 4 of the wall member 2 as shown in FIG. Moreover, you may attach not only to the set of frame material 4 which the wall material 2 faces but to the frame material 4 of all the side surfaces.

  The number of locking members 5 attached to the frame member 4 is not limited. In the frame member 4 to which the locking member 5 is attached, the number of the locking members 5 in the frame member 4 that one side of the wall member 2 has is usually one. Or more, preferably 2 or more, more preferably 3 or more, still more preferably 5 or more, usually 50 or less, preferably 40 or less, more preferably 30 or less, and even more preferably 20 or less. is there. The number of the locking members 5 included in the solar cell device for wall surface of the present invention is usually 2 or more, preferably 4 or more, more preferably 6 or more, and usually 200 or less, preferably 160 or less, more Preferably it is 120 or less, more preferably 80 or less. It is preferable that the number of locking members is equal to or greater than the above lower limit in that the frame material 4 and the plate material 3 can be reliably locked, and if it is equal to or less than the upper limit, the thin film solar cell module 1 can be easily attached and detached. preferable.

  The distance between the centers of the locking members 5 is usually 10 cm or more, preferably 20 cm or more, more preferably 30 cm or more, and is usually 2 m or less, preferably 1.5 m or less, more preferably 1 m or less. When the interval between the centers of the locking members 5 is equal to or greater than the above lower limit, it is preferable in terms of facilitating the mounting of the locking members. It is preferable in that it can be performed.

  The wall surface solar cell device of the present invention may have an optical interference preventing member 6 between the wall material 2 and the thin film solar cell module 1. The light interference preventing member may be provided so as to be located on the entire surface of the wall material side of the thin film solar cell module 1 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a light receiving surface) (FIG. 5A). It can also be provided only on the outer peripheral portion (FIG. 5B). Providing an optical interference preventing member prevents Newton's rings that can be generated by interference of light reflected from the surface of the wall material 2 and the thin film solar cell module 1, and stably holds the thin film solar cell module 1. Can do.

  As long as the locking member 5 can lock the plate member 3 to the frame member 4, the location and shape of the locking member 5 are not limited, and depending on the positional relationship between the frame member 4 and the plate member 2, Even if attached, it may have any shape. With reference to FIGS. 1 and 6, examples of variations in the shape and mounting position of the locking member in the wall surface solar cell device of the present invention will be described.

  As illustrated in FIG. 1, when the surface of the frame member 4 that is in contact with the wall member 2 protrudes toward the plate member, for example, one side of the locking member 5 having an L-shaped cross section is connected to the wall of the frame member 4. A mode of attaching to the surface on the side in contact with the material 2 and pressing the plate material on the other side can be mentioned.

  As illustrated in FIG. 6A, the surface of the frame member 4 on the plate member side is substantially on the same plane as the surface of the wall member 2 on the plate member side, or as illustrated in FIG. 6B. In addition, when the surface of the frame member 4 on the plate member side is closer to the wall member side than the surface of the plate member to be locked, for example, the locking member 5 having a crank-shaped cross section is used. A mode in which one of the two parallel sides is attached to the frame member 4 and the plate member is pressed by the other side can be mentioned.

  As illustrated in FIG. 6C, the length of the frame member 4 where the surface in contact with the wall member 2 protrudes to the plate member side is the sum of the thickness of the thin film solar cell module 1 and the thickness of the plate member 3. In the case of being the same, for example, a mode in which the locking member 5 having a single linear cross section is attached so as to be in contact with the plate material 3 is exemplified.

  The method of attaching the frame material to the locking member is not limited as long as it is detachable, and is attached by bolts (FIG. 7 (a)), tapping screws (FIG. 7 (b)), and fittings (FIG. 7 (c)). Methods and the like. Bolts and tapping screws are preferable in terms of mounting reliability, and fitting is preferable in terms of easy attachment / detachment. When fixing with a bolt or a tapping screw, the locking member 5 preferably has a loose hole. Having a loose hole so that it can move in the direction of pressing the plate can adjust the strength of pressing the plate, prevent damage to the thin-film solar cell module, and without removing the bolts and tapping screws completely Even if it changes the position of the latching member 5, the board | plate material 3 and the thin film solar cell module 1 can be replaced | exchanged, but it is preferable.

2. Thin film solar cell module 1
FIG. 8 shows a thin film in which a thin film solar cell element 13 and a current collecting wire 14 electrically connected to the thin film solar cell element 13 are sandwiched via a sealing material 15 by a front surface protective layer 11 and a back surface protective layer 12. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solar cell module 1. FIG. The sealing material 15 is used as necessary, and is not an essential configuration.

  The thickness of the thin-film solar cell module is usually 0.2 mm or more, preferably 0.5 mm or more, more preferably 1 mm or more, and usually 4 mm or less, preferably 3.5 mm or less, more preferably 3 mm or less. It is preferable at the point from which the mechanical strength of a module is acquired by being more than the said minimum. By being below the above upper limit, it is preferable in that the module can be reduced in weight.

    The thin film solar cell module preferably has translucency. As for the translucency of the thin film solar cell module, the visible light transmittance measured by a method according to JIS R 3106 is usually 3% or more, preferably 5% or more, more preferably 8% or more, still more preferably 10% or more, Particularly preferably, it is 20% or more, usually 80% or less, preferably 60% or less, more preferably 50% or less. It is preferable that it is at least the above lower limit in that the daylighting property can be improved. It is preferable at the point which can improve electric power generation efficiency by being below the said upper limit.

The thin film solar cell module having translucency can be realized, for example, by using a transparent electrode as an electrode of the thin film solar cell element and having the translucent components of the module such as the surface protective layer and the back surface protective layer.
Hereafter, each structure of this invention is demonstrated in detail.

2-1. Surface protective layer 11
The surface protective layer of the thin film solar cell module has a total light transmittance of usually 80% or more, preferably from the viewpoint of supplying a large amount of sunlight to the thin film solar cell element, according to a method according to JIS K 7361-1. 85% or more. The upper limit is not particularly limited, but is usually 99% or less.

  Materials for the surface protective layer include glass, acrylic resin such as polycarbonate (PC) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer. (ETFE), fluorine-based resins such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polystyrene, cyclic polyolefin, polybutylene, polypropylene (PP), polyolefin such as polyethylene (PE), and the like. Preferably, glass, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and fluorine resins such as ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) are used.

  The thickness of the surface protective layer is usually 0.02 mm or more. Preferably it is 0.03 mm or more, More preferably, it is 0.05 mm or more. On the other hand, the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is usually 2 mm or less, preferably 1 mm or less, more preferably 0.5 mm or less, and still more preferably 0.3 mm or less. By setting it as the above range, both impact resistance and light weight can be achieved.

  Moreover, in the solar cell module of this invention, you may provide a surface protection sheet in the outer side (sunlight side) of a surface protection layer. In the present invention, it is preferable to provide a surface protective sheet in order to suppress damage and deterioration of the surface protective layer and maintain the total light transmittance. The material constituting the surface protective sheet is preferably a weather-resistant film, and commonly used known materials can be used.

  Examples of the resin that is a material for the weather resistant film include ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, silicone, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, and the like. Among these, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer and polyvinyl chloride are preferable.

  The thickness of the weather-resistant protective film is not particularly limited, but is usually 10 μm or more, preferably 20 μm or more, and usually 200 μm or less, preferably 150 μm or less.

  An adhesive layer may be provided between the surface protective sheet and the surface protective layer. The material of the adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but usually, for example, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) resin, polyvinyl butyral (PVB) resin, modified polyethylene resin modified with maleic acid or silane, modified polypropylene resin, A light transmissive material such as an epoxy adhesive or a urethane adhesive is used. The thickness of the adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 to 500 μm, for example. The adhesive layer can also be used for adhesion of layers other than the surface protective sheet.

  The surface protective layer preferably has a gas barrier property.

  By covering the thin-film solar cell element 13 with a surface protective layer having gas barrier properties, the solar cell element 3 can be protected from water and oxygen, and the power generation capacity can be kept high.

The degree of moisture-proof capability of the surface protective layer having gas barrier properties varies depending on the type of the thin-film solar cell element 13 and the like, but the water vapor transmission rate per unit area (1 m ² ) per day is 100 μm in thickness conversion, Usually, it is preferably 1 × 10 ⁻¹ g / m ² / day or less, and the lower limit is not limited.

The degree of oxygen permeability varies depending on the type of thin-film solar cell element 13 and the like, but the oxygen permeability per unit area (1 m ² ) per day is usually 1 × 10 ⁻¹ cc in terms of 100 μm thickness. / M ² / day / atm or less is preferred, and there is no limit to the lower limit.

  The specific structure of the surface protective layer having gas barrier properties is arbitrary as long as the thin film solar cell element 13 can be protected from water. However, since the production cost increases as the amount of water vapor or oxygen that can permeate the surface protective layer increases, it is preferable to use an appropriate film that comprehensively considers these points.

  Examples of the surface protective layer suitable in terms of gas barrier properties include a film obtained by vacuum-depositing silicon oxide (SiOx) on a base film such as glass, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or polyethylene naphthalate (PEN).

  The surface protective layer having gas barrier properties may be formed of one type of material or may be formed of two or more types of materials. The gas barrier film 3 may be formed of a single layer film, but may be a laminated film including two or more layers.

2-2. Back surface protective layer 12
As the back surface protective layer, the same layer as the surface protective layer can be used.

  However, since the back surface protective layer does not necessarily have translucency, the translucency and material are not limited thereto.

  For example, a resin other than the resin exemplified for the surface protective layer, a metal foil, a film in which fibers or the like are dispersed in the resin, or a woven or non-woven fabric impregnated with resin can be used.

  As resins other than those exemplified for the surface protective layer, polyvinyl chloride, polyacetal, polyamide resin, ABS resin, ACS resin, AES resin, ASA resin, copolymers thereof, PVDF, silicone resin, cellulose, nitrile resin, Examples of the resin include phenol resin, polyurethane, ionomer, polybutadiene, polybutylene, polymethylpentene, polyvinyl alcohol, polyarylate, polyetheretherketone, polyetherketone, and polyethersulfone.

  Examples of the metal foil include aluminum, stainless steel, gold, silver, copper, titanium, nickel, iron, and foils made of alloys thereof.

  Examples of the resin of the resin in which fibers and the like are dispersed and the woven or non-woven fabric impregnated with the resin include resins used for the surface protective layer. Examples of the fiber include polyester fiber, polypropylene fiber, glass fiber, nylon fiber, cellulose fiber, carbon fiber, and / or acrylic fiber. As the woven or non-woven fabric, a woven or non-woven fabric made of these fibers is used. Can be mentioned.

  The use of a light-transmitting layer similar to the surface protective layer as the back surface protective layer is preferable because a see-through solar cell can be provided when the thin film solar cell has a light-transmitting property.

  Moreover, it is preferable that a surface protective layer and a back surface protective layer are the same material and thickness. Although thermal expansion occurs due to heating in the manufacturing process or sunlight when using the thin film solar cell module, the stress generated at that time can be offset and deformation of the thin film solar cell module can be suppressed.

2-3. Thin film solar cell element 13
A thin film solar cell element is comprised from the solar cell base material for suppressing the solar cell which converts sunlight into electricity, and the shape change of a solar cell.

  The thin film solar cell element is an element that generates power based on sunlight incident from the weathering layer side. The type of the thin-film solar cell element is not particularly limited as long as it can convert light energy into electric energy and can extract the electric energy obtained by the conversion to the outside.

  In the present invention, the solar cell element is a thin film solar cell element. Since it is a thin film solar cell element, the weight of the module itself can be reduced, there are less restrictions on fixing the module, and the installation location is diversified.

  As a thin film solar cell element, a power generation layer (photoelectric conversion layer, light absorption layer) is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes, a stack of a power generation layer and another layer (buffer layer, etc.) is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes, A plurality of such devices connected in series can be used. Examples of the material used for the power generation layer include thin film single crystal silicon, thin film polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, microcrystalline silicon, spherical silicon, an inorganic semiconductor material, an organic dye material, and an organic semiconductor material. By using these materials, a thin (light) solar cell with relatively high power generation efficiency can be realized. Further, from the viewpoint of increasing efficiency, a HIT type or a tandem type in which these are laminated may be used.

  When the power generation layer is a thin-film polycrystalline silicon layer, the solar cell is a type of element that uses indirect optical transition. Therefore, when the power generation layer is a thin-film polycrystalline silicon layer, in order to increase light absorption, a sufficient light confinement structure such as a solar cell base material to be described later or an uneven structure on the surface thereof should be provided. Is preferred.

  When the power generation layer is an amorphous silicon layer, a solar cell element that has a large optical absorption coefficient in the visible region and can sufficiently absorb sunlight even with a thin film having a thickness of about 1 μm can be realized. Moreover, since amorphous silicon is an amorphous material, it is resistant to deformation. Therefore, when the power generation layer is an amorphous silicon layer, a particularly lightweight solar cell module having a certain degree of resistance to deformation can be realized.

When the power generation layer is an inorganic semiconductor material (compound semiconductor) layer, a solar cell with high power generation efficiency can be realized. From the viewpoint of power generation efficiency (photoelectric conversion efficiency), the power generation layer is preferably a chalcogenide-based power generation layer containing a chalcogen element such as S, Se, Te, etc. I-III-VI Group ₂ semiconductor system (chalcopyrite system) ) It is more preferable to set it as a power generation layer, and a Cu-III-VI group ₂ semiconductor power generation layer using Cu as a group I element, particularly a CIS semiconductor [CuIn (Se _(1-y) S _y ) ₂ ; ≦ y ≦ 1] layer or CIGS semiconductor [Cu (In _(1-x) Ga _x ) (Se _(1-y) S _y ) ₂ ; 0 <x <1, 0 ≦ y ≦ 1]] layer It is preferable.

  Even when a dye-sensitized power generation layer composed of a titanium oxide layer, an electrolyte layer, or the like is employed as the power generation layer, a solar cell with high power generation efficiency can be realized.

  An organic semiconductor layer (a layer including a p-type semiconductor and an n-type semiconductor) can also be employed as the power generation layer. The organic semiconductor layer is preferable in that it can be formed efficiently, and because the power generation layer has various colors, it is excellent in design.

For the above reasons, the thin film solar cell elements are preferably organic thin film solar cell elements employing an organic semiconductor layer as a power generation layer.
Hereinafter, the organic semiconductor layer will be described.

  Specific examples of the structure of the organic semiconductor layer include a bulk heterojunction type having a layer (i layer) in which a p-type semiconductor and an n-type semiconductor are phase-separated in the layer, a layer containing a p-type semiconductor (p layer), and n, respectively. A layered type (hetero pn junction type), a PIN type, a Schottky type, and a combination thereof in which layers (n layers) including a type semiconductor are stacked can be given. Among these, a bulk heterojunction type is preferable.

  A p-type semiconductor compound is a material that operates as a p-type semiconductor whose film can transport holes, but a π-conjugated polymer material or a π-conjugated low-molecular organic compound is preferably used. A mixture of these compounds may also be used. The conjugated polymer material is obtained by polymerizing a single or a plurality of π-conjugated monomers, and the monomers include thiophene, fluorene, carbazole, diphenylthiophene, dithienothiophene, dithienosilole, dithieno which may have a substituent. Examples thereof include cyclohexane, benzothiadiazole, thienothiophene, imidothiophene, benzodithiophene, and the like. These monomers may be directly bonded or may be bonded via CH═CH, C≡C, N, or O. Low molecular organic semiconductor materials include condensed aromatic hydrocarbons such as pentacene and naphthacene, oligothiophenes having four or more thiophene rings, porphyrin compounds, tetrabenzoporphyrin compounds and their metal complexes, phthalocyanine compounds and their metal complexes, etc. .

  The n-type semiconductor compound is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include fullerene compounds and derivatives thereof, and condensed ring tetracarboxylic acid diimides. Examples of fullerenes include C60 or C70, and those obtained by adding a substituent to two carbons of the fullerene, those having a substituent added to four carbons, and further adding a substituent to six carbons. Things. In order for the fullerene compound to be applicable to a coating method, the fullerene compound is preferably highly soluble in some solvent and can be applied as a solution.

  When an organic semiconductor layer is used for the power generation layer, it is preferable to stack a hole extraction layer and / or an electron extraction layer.

  The material of the hole extraction layer is a conductive polymer in which polythiophene, polypyrrole, or polyaniline is doped with sulfonic acid and / or halogen, or a metal oxide having a large work function such as molybdenum oxide or nickel oxide. Used.

  Although the material of an electron extraction layer is not specifically limited, Specifically, an inorganic compound or an organic compound is mentioned. Examples of the inorganic compound include alkali metal salts such as LiF, and n-type oxide semiconductors such as titanium oxide (TiOx) and zinc oxide (ZnO). Examples of the organic compound include phenanthrene derivatives such as bathocuproine (BCP) and bathophenanthrene (Bphen), and phosphine compounds having a P═O or P═S structure. Among them, an aromatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic group is included in the phosphorus atom. A heterocyclic group phosphine compound is preferred.

  Each electrode of the solar cell can be formed using one or more arbitrary materials having conductivity. Examples of the electrode material (electrode constituent material) include metals such as platinum, gold, silver, aluminum, chromium, nickel, copper, titanium, magnesium, calcium, barium, sodium, and alloys thereof; indium oxide and tin oxide Metal oxides such as, or alloys thereof (ITO: indium tin oxide); conductive polymers such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyacetylene; acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, Containing dopants such as Lewis acids such as FeCl3, halogen atoms such as iodine, metal atoms such as sodium and potassium; conductive particles such as metal particles, carbon black, fullerene and carbon nanotubes in a matrix such as a polymer binder Examples thereof include a dispersed conductive composite material.

  The electrode material is preferably a material suitable for collecting holes or electrons. Examples of the electrode material suitable for collecting holes (that is, a material having a high work function) include gold and ITO. Examples of the electrode material suitable for collecting electrons (that is, a material having a low work function) include silver and aluminum.

  Each electrode of the solar cell may be substantially the same size as the power generation layer or may be smaller than the power generation layer. However, if the electrode on the light-receiving surface side (weatherproof layer side) of the solar cell is relatively large (the area is not sufficiently small compared to the area of the power generation layer), the electrode should be The electrode should be a transparent (translucent) electrode, particularly an electrode having a relatively high transmittance (for example, 50% or more) of light having a wavelength that can be efficiently converted into electric energy by the power generation layer. Examples of transparent electrode materials include oxides such as ITO and IZO (indium oxide-zinc oxide); metal thin films, and the like.

  The thickness of each electrode of the solar cell and the thickness of the power generation layer can be determined based on the required output and the like. Further, an auxiliary electrode may be provided so as to be in contact with the electrode. In particular, it is effective when using a slightly conductive electrode such as ITO. As the auxiliary electrode material, the same material as the above metal material can be used as long as the conductivity is good, but silver, aluminum, and copper are exemplified.

  The said solar cell base material is a member in which a solar cell is formed on the one surface. Therefore, it is desirable that the solar cell base material has a relatively high mechanical strength, is excellent in weather resistance, heat resistance, chemical resistance, and the like and is lightweight. It is also desirable that the solar cell substrate has a certain degree of resistance to deformation. Therefore, it is preferable to employ a metal foil, a resin film having a melting point of 85 to 350 ° C., or a laminate of several metal foils / resin films as the solar cell base material. A resin base material is more preferable.

  Examples of the metal foil that can be used as a solar cell substrate (or a component thereof) include foils made of aluminum, stainless steel, gold, silver, copper, titanium, nickel, iron, and alloys thereof.

  The resin film having a melting point of 85 to 350 ° C includes polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polyacetal, acrylic resin, polyamide resin, ABS resin, ACS resin. , AES resin, ASA resin, copolymers thereof, fluorine resin such as PVDF, PVF, silicone resin, cellulose, nitrile resin, phenol resin, polyurethane, ionomer, polybutadiene, polybutylene, polymethylpentene, polyvinyl alcohol, polyarylate, Examples thereof include films made of polyetheretherketone, polyetherketone, polyethersulfone and the like. In addition, the resin film used as a solar cell base material may be a film in which glass fibers, organic fibers, carbon fibers and the like are dispersed in the resin as described above.

  In addition, when melting | fusing point of the resin film used as a solar cell base material (or its component) is the range of 85-350 degreeC, a deformation | transformation of a solar cell base material does not arise and peeling with a solar cell does not arise. Therefore, it is preferable. Further, the melting point of the resin film used as the solar cell substrate (or a component thereof) is more preferably 100 ° C. or higher, further preferably 120 ° C. or higher, and particularly preferably 150 ° C. or higher. Preferably, it is 180 ° C. or higher. The melting point of the resin film is more preferably 300 ° C. or less, further preferably 280 ° C. or less, and particularly preferably 250 ° C. or less.

2-4. Current collector 14
In the present invention, the current collector is a conductive member electrically connected to the electrode of the solar cell element.

  Examples of the material for the current collecting wire include metals and alloys. Among them, copper, aluminum, silver, gold, nickel and the like having low resistivity are preferably used, and copper and aluminum are particularly preferable because they are inexpensive. In order to prevent rust, the current collector may be plated with tin, silver or the like, the surface may be coated with resin, or a film may be laminated. As the shape of the current collecting wire, there are a rectangular wire, foil, flat plate, and wire shape, but for reasons such as securing a bonding area, it is preferable to use a flat wire, foil, or flat plate shape. Moreover, since a current collection line can be used as an electrical extraction terminal, it is more preferable that it is flat form.

  In the present invention, the “foil” refers to one having a thickness of less than 100 μm, and the “plate” refers to one having a thickness of 100 μm or more. Further, the “flat wire” refers to a wire whose cross section is rolled to make the cross section into a quadrangle.

  The current collector is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity, but preferably has a lower resistance value than the upper electrode and lower electrode to be connected, and in particular, by increasing the thickness of the upper electrode and lower electrode, It is preferable to reduce the resistance value. The thickness of the current collector is preferably 5 μm or more, more preferably 10 μm or more. Moreover, it is preferable that it is 2 mm or less, More preferably, it is 1 mm or less, More preferably, it is 500 micrometers or less, Most preferably, it is 300 micrometers or less. When the thickness of the current collection line is equal to or more than the above lower limit, an increase in the resistance value of the current collection line can be suppressed, and the generated power can be efficiently taken out to the outside. Moreover, by being below the above upper limit, the weight of the organic thin film solar cell module increases and the flexibility decreases, the surface of the thin film solar cell module is likely to be uneven, and the production cost increases. Problems may arise.

  Moreover, the width | variety of a current collection line is 0.5 mm or more in general, Preferably it is 1 mm or more, More preferably, it is 2 mm or more, and is 50 mm or less normally, Preferably it is 20 mm or less, More preferably, it is 10 mm or less. By making the width | variety of a current collection line more than the said minimum, the raise of the resistance value of a current collection line can be suppressed and the generated electric power can be taken out efficiently. Moreover, the mechanical strength of the current collector can be maintained, and breakage and the like can be suppressed. By being below the upper limit, the aperture ratio of the entire module can be maintained, and a decrease in the amount of power generated by the module can be suppressed.

2-5. Sealing layer 15
It is preferable to have at least one sealing layer between the solar cell element and the back surface protective layer, and at least between the surface protective layer and the thin film solar cell element and between the thin film solar cell element and the back surface protective layer. It is more preferable to have one sealing layer. By providing such a sealing layer, the above-described solar cell can be sealed, and impact resistance and the like can be imparted to the solar cell module.

  In the thin film solar cell module of this invention, the aspect by which a sealing layer is laminated | stacked so that a solar cell element may be pinched | interposed is preferable.

  As the material for the sealing layer, a resin material having a relatively high total light transmittance is preferable. For example, polyolefin resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, propylene-ethylene-α-olefin copolymer, A butyral resin, a styrene resin, an epoxy resin, a (meth) acrylic resin, a urethane resin, a silicone resin, a synthetic rubber, or the like can be used, and one or more of these or a copolymer can be used.

The thickness of the sealing layer is preferably 10 μm or more per layer, more preferably 20 μm or more, and further preferably 30 μm or more. On the other hand, it is preferably 1000 μm or less, more preferably 800 μm or less, and even more preferably 500 μm or less. That is, when at least one sealing layer is provided between the surface protective layer and the thin film solar cell element, and between the thin film solar cell element and the back surface protective layer, which is a preferred embodiment, the sealing per thin film solar cell module is performed. The thickness of the stop layer is preferably 200 μm or more, more preferably 400 μm or more, and further preferably 600 μm or more. On the other hand, it is preferably 2000 μm or less, more preferably 1600 μm or less, and still more preferably 1000 μm or less.
By setting the thickness of the sealing layer within the above range, moderate impact resistance can be obtained, and it is preferable from the viewpoint of cost and weight, and power generation characteristics can be sufficiently exhibited.

  An ultraviolet absorber may be added to the sealing layer of the solar cell module. Such ultraviolet absorbers can be used without particular limitation including those commercially available. Examples include benzophenone compounds, benzotriazole compounds, triazine compounds, and the like. When an ultraviolet absorber is added to the sealing layer, the amount is preferably 0.01% by weight or more, more preferably 0.05% by weight or more based on the total amount of the sealing layer. On the other hand, the content is preferably 1% by weight or less, more preferably 0.8% by weight or less, and particularly preferably 0.6% by weight or less. This is because if it is less than 0.01% by weight, it is difficult to exhibit the ultraviolet absorption effect, and if it exceeds 1% by weight, it causes bleeding out.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said sealing layer contains a silane coupling agent. By including the silane coupling agent, the adhesion between the sealing layer and the layer in contact with the sealing layer is improved. Preferred examples of the silane coupling agent include those having an alkyl group as a functional group, and specific examples include an epoxy group, a methacryl group, and a vinyl group. The weight ratio of the sealing material to the silane coupling agent is preferably 0.1 to 2.0, more preferably 0.3 to 1.0, when the weight of the sealing material is 100. 0.5 to 0.7 is particularly preferable. By setting it as such a range, adhesiveness can be made suitable. The phrase “containing a silane coupling agent” herein means adding or mixing the silane coupling agent to the encapsulant, and the silane coupling agent is added to or mixed with the encapsulant in advance before the solar cell module is stacked. It may be added, or may be added to or mixed with the sealing material during lamination.

2-6. Other layers In addition to the above, layers such as an ultraviolet cut layer, a gas barrier layer, and a getter material layer may be provided between the surface protective layer and the back surface protective layer. A known material can be used as a material for forming these layers, and the size and thickness are not limited as long as the effects of the present invention are exhibited.

  In particular, by covering the thin-film solar cell element 13 with a gas barrier layer, the solar cell element 3 can be protected from water and / or oxygen, and the power generation capability can be kept high.

The degree of moisture-proof capability of the gas barrier layer, but vary according to the type of the thin-film solar cell elements 13, the water vapor permeability per day unit area (1 m ²⁾ is at 100μm thickness converted, usually 1 × 10 ^- It is preferably ¹ g / m ² / day or less, and the lower limit is not limited.

The degree of oxygen permeability varies depending on the type of thin-film solar cell element 13 and the like, but the oxygen permeability per unit area (1 m ² ) per day is usually 1 × 10 ⁻¹ cc in terms of 100 μm thickness. / M ² / day / atm or less is preferred, and there is no limit to the lower limit.

The specific configuration of the gas barrier layer is arbitrary as long as the thin-film solar cell element 13 can be protected from water. However, since the production cost increases as the amount of water vapor or oxygen that can permeate the surface protective layer increases, it is preferable to use an appropriate film that comprehensively considers these points.

  Examples of the gas barrier layer include a film obtained by vacuum-depositing silicon oxide (SiOx) on a base film such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyethylene naphthalate (PEN).

    The surface protective layer having gas barrier properties may be formed of one type of material or may be formed of two or more types of materials. The gas barrier film 3 may be formed of a single layer film, but may be a laminated film including two or more layers.

2-7. Method for Producing Thin Film Solar Cell Module Hereinafter, a method for producing a thin film solar cell module according to the present invention will be described. However, the method for producing a thin film solar cell module according to the present invention is not limited to the following, and relates to the present invention. As long as a thin film solar cell module can be manufactured, it may be manufactured in any manner.

  First, an electrical connection between the thin film solar cell element and the collector line and an electrical connection between the collector line and the electrical extraction terminal are performed. The method of electrical connection is not limited, and a conductive thermosetting resin composition, a thermoplastic plastic containing conductive particles, solder, a metal paste, or the like can be used. A conductive thermosetting resin composition, a thermoplastic plastic composition containing conductive particles, and a metal paste are preferable in that it is easy to suppress deformation and deterioration of the thin-film solar cell element. Among these, a conductive thermosetting resin composition that hardly causes poor appearance and a thermoplastic plastic composition containing conductive particles are preferable.

  Next, a surface protective layer, a sealing layer as necessary, a solar cell element in which a current collector and an electrical lead terminal are electrically connected, a sealing layer, and a back surface protective layer are laminated. After laminating these, the thin film solar cell module of the present invention can be obtained by integration by vacuum lamination, hot pressing, roll lamination or the like. An example of vacuum lamination will be described below as an example.

Vacuum lamination is performed by placing in the vacuum lamination apparatus after the above-mentioned lamination, pressurizing while heating after evacuation, and cooling after a predetermined time.

In the vacuuming, the degree of vacuum is usually 30 Pa or more, preferably 50 Pa or more, more preferably 80 Pa or more. On the other hand, the upper limit is usually 150 Pa or less, preferably 120 Pa or less, more preferably 100 Pa or less. By setting it as the said range, since generation | occurrence | production of a bubble can be suppressed in each layer in a module and productivity is also improved, it is preferable.

  The vacuum time is usually 1 minute or longer, preferably 2 minutes or longer, more preferably 3 minutes or longer. On the other hand, the upper limit is usually 8 minutes or less, preferably 6 minutes or less, more preferably 5 minutes or less. It is preferable to set the vacuum time in the above range since the appearance of the solar cell module after vacuum lamination is improved and the generation of bubbles in each layer in the module can be suppressed.

  The heating temperature is usually 80 ° C. or higher, preferably 100 ° C. or higher, more preferably 110 ° C. or higher. On the other hand, the upper limit is usually 180 ° C. or lower, preferably 160 ° C. or lower, more preferably 150 ° C. or lower. By setting it as the said temperature range, sufficient adhesive strength of a sealing layer and a glass plate can be obtained.

  As for the pressurizing condition, the pressure is usually 50 kPa or more, preferably 70 kPa or more, more preferably 90 kPa or more. On the other hand, the upper limit value is preferably 101 kPa or less. By setting it as the pressurization conditions of the said range, since moderate adhesiveness can be acquired, without damaging a solar cell module, it is preferable also from a durable viewpoint.

  The holding time of the pressure is usually 1 minute or longer, preferably 3 minutes or longer, more preferably 5 minutes or longer. On the other hand, the upper limit is usually 30 minutes or less, preferably 20 minutes or less, more preferably 15 minutes or less. By setting it as the said holding time, the function which protects the solar cell of a sealing layer can fully be exhibited, and sufficient adhesive strength can be obtained.

3. Wall material 2
The wall material is not particularly limited as long as it is a translucent flat material, but usually glass or resin is used. As the glass, any glass such as float glass, tempered glass, heat resistant glass, fireproof glass, laminated glass, colored glass, ground glass, and the like can be used as necessary. You may have layers which provide functions, such as an antireflection layer, a heat ray absorption layer, a heat ray reflection layer, a UV absorption layer, and a UV reflection layer, on the surface of glass.

  As for the translucency of the wall material, the total light transmittance measured by a method according to JIS K 7361-1 is usually 75% or more, preferably 85% or more, usually less than 100%, preferably 99% or less. More preferably, it is 98% or less. By being more than the said minimum, the power generation efficiency of the solar cell by outdoor light can be raised.

  Examples of resins include acrylic resins such as polycarbonate (PC) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polystyrene, cyclic polyolefin, polybutylene, polypropylene (PP), polyethylene ( And polyolefins such as PE). Preferably, acrylic resins such as polycarbonate (PC) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) are used.

  Among these, glass is preferable in that the coefficient of thermal expansion is small. As glass, float glass, tempered glass, and heat-resistant glass are preferable.

  The thickness is not limited as long as it can be used as a wall material, but is usually 0.5 mm or more, preferably 1 mm or more, more preferably 3 mm or more, usually 12 cm or less, preferably 6 cm or less, more preferably 3 cm or less, Preferably it is 2.4 cm or less. It is easy to ensure the strength of the wall material if it is at least the above lower limit, and it is preferable in that it is less than the above upper limit because the wall material can be reduced in weight and has excellent workability.

  The size is not particularly limited, but the width is usually 30 cm or more, preferably 60 cm or more, more preferably 90 cm or more, and usually 10 m or less, preferably 5 m or less, more preferably 3 m or less, and even more preferably 2 m or less. It is. The length is usually 30 cm or more, preferably 60 cm or more, more preferably 90 cm or more, and is usually 10 m or less, preferably 5 m or less, more preferably 3 m or less, and even more preferably 2 m or less.

  It is easy to enlarge the light receiving surface of the solar cell module when it is above the lower limit, and when it is below the upper limit, it is easy to ensure the strength of the wall material, and the wall material can be reduced in weight and has excellent workability. Is preferable.

4). Board 3
The plate member is not limited as long as the plate member is locked by the locking member and the solar cell module can be interposed between the plate member and the wall member 2.

  The material of the plate material is not particularly limited, and metal, wood, resin, glass, paper, and the like can be used, and metal, wood, resin, and glass are preferable from the viewpoint of durability. Further, metal and wood are preferable in terms of strength, light weight and high strength. A metal is preferable in terms of high heat dissipation.

  It is preferable that the plate material is a light-transmitting plate material because it can generate power with indoor light as described above, and when the thin-film solar cell module has light-transmitting properties, indoor light can be obtained.

  As for the translucency of the plate material, the visible light transmittance measured by a method according to JIS R 3106 is usually 10% or more, preferably 30% or more, more preferably 50% or more, still more preferably 70% or more, Usually, it is less than 100%, preferably 99% or less, preferably 95% or less. By being above the lower limit, the efficiency of daylighting can be increased.

  Further, the total light transmittance measured by a method according to JIS K 7361-1 is usually 10% or more, preferably 30% or more, more preferably 50% or more, still more preferably 70% or more, and usually 100%. Less than, preferably 99% or less, preferably 95% or less. By being more than the said minimum, the power generation efficiency of the solar cell by room light can be raised.

  The thickness is usually 0.5 mm or more, preferably 1 mm or more, more preferably 1.5 mm or more, and is usually 10 cm or less, preferably 5 cm or less, more preferably 3 cm or less, and further preferably 2 cm or less. When it is at least the above lower limit, it is easy to ensure the strength of the plate material, and when it is at most the above upper limit, the plate material can be reduced in weight, and the workability is excellent.

  The size and shape of the plate member are not limited as long as the plate member is smaller than the area formed by the inner periphery of the frame member and is locked by a locking member attached to a pair of facing frame members.

  From the viewpoint of ease of construction, a size capable of forming a gap with the frame member to which no locking member is attached is preferable.

  The plate material may have holes for weight reduction. The hole may or may not penetrate the plate material, but penetration is preferable in terms of heat dissipation of the solar cell module. The number and size of the holes are not limited as long as the function of the plate is not impaired, but is usually 1 or more, preferably 10 or more, more preferably 100 or more, and usually 10,000 or less, preferably 5000 or less, more preferably 1000 or less. It is.

  The plate material may have a reinforcing material 6. The reinforcing material 6 is provided on the surface of the plate material opposite to the surface in contact with the solar cell module. The reinforcing material prevents the plate member from being detached from the locking member. Therefore, it is preferable that the reinforcing material is provided so as to be in contact with the locking member provided on each pair of frame members. More preferably, the plate material is provided so as to be locked by the locking member via the reinforcing material. The reinforcing material is usually fixed to the plate material, but may not be fixed. The plate material and the reinforcing material are usually fixed by bonding or welding.

  The material of the reinforcing material usually includes metal and wood. A hollow structure such as a pipe is preferable in that it can be reduced in weight.

5. Frame material 4
The frame material is not limited as long as it has a shape and strength that can hold the wall material and the locking member attached to the frame material can lock the plate material. The frame member may be formed of one member or a plurality of members. When the frame member is formed of a plurality of members, the member installed on the side surface of the wall member and the locking member can be attached. Including components.

  The material of the frame material is not particularly limited, and metal, resin, wood, or the like can be used. Resin and wood are preferable in terms of heat insulation performance, and metal is preferable in terms of durability. It is preferable to have a hollow structure in terms of weight reduction.

  As a metal, if it is a metal used as building materials, such as iron and aluminum, it will not be limited, Since aluminum is lightweight, aluminum is preferable. Examples of the resin include hard vinyl chloride.

6). Locking member 5
The material of the locking member is not particularly limited, and metal, resin, glass or the like can be used. Examples of the metal include iron and aluminum. Metals are preferable in that they are less deteriorated by heat and oxygen, aluminum and stainless steel are preferable because they are less deteriorated by rust, and aluminum is preferable because they are lightweight.

  It is preferable that the locking member has a light-transmitting property because indoor lighting is possible. Moreover, when both a board | plate material and a thin film solar cell module have translucency, it is preferable at the point which the designability improves by using the locking member which has translucency.

  The shape of the locking member is not particularly limited, but an L-shaped angle is preferably used.

  The width of the locking portion of the locking member is usually 5 mm or more, preferably 1 cm or more, and is usually 20 cm or less, preferably 15 cm or less, more preferably 10 cm or less. The length of the locking member in contact with the plate material is usually 1 cm or more, preferably 3 cm or more, usually 50 cm or less, preferably 30 cm or less. Being equal to or higher than the lower limit is preferable in that the plate material can be reliably locked, and being equal to or lower than the upper limit is preferable in terms of improving design properties.

  You may have an elastic member in the side which contacts the board | plate material 3 of the latching member 5. FIG. Having an elastic member is preferable in that the plate member 3 can be easily pressed against the wall member 1 side. As the material of the elastic member, any material such as natural rubber, butadiene rubber, silicon resin, fluororesin or the like is used depending on the purpose.

7). Optical interference prevention member 7
The optical interference preventing member 7 is not limited as long as generation of Newton rings by the wall material and the thin film solar cell module can be reduced. The Newton ring is generated due to the presence of a portion that does not come into contact with the portion due to the wall material and / or the thin film solar cell being bent. Therefore, the generation of Newton rings can be prevented by either the wall material and the thin film solar cell module being in close contact with each other or not in contact with each other.

  When the wall material and the thin film solar cell module are in close contact with each other through the optical interference preventing member, the optical interference preventing member covers the light receiving surface of the thin film solar cell module. Accordingly, a resin having a low elastic modulus such as a fluorine-based resin, or an adhesive or adhesive resin is preferable. The size is preferably large enough to cover the entire surface on the light-receiving surface side of the thin-film solar cell module from the viewpoint of design of appearance, but may be large enough to cover only a part. Since the thin film solar cell module receives light through the light interference preventing member, it is preferable that the light interference preventing member has a higher transmittance, usually 75% or more, preferably 85% or more, and usually 99% or less, preferably 98. % Or less. Thinner is better for increasing the transmittance. The thickness is usually 0.01 mm or more, preferably 0.05 mm or more, more preferably 0.1 mm or more, and usually 3 mm or less, preferably 2 mm or less, more preferably 1 mm or less.

  On the other hand, when the optical interference prevention member is provided only on the outer periphery of the thin film solar cell module, the occurrence of Newton rings is suppressed by holding the wall material and the thin film solar cell module at a distance that does not contact the optical interference prevention member. it can. In that case, a relatively hard material is preferable, and examples thereof include glass, polycarbonate resin, and (meth) acrylate resin. Further, from the viewpoint of preventing the thin film solar cell module from being damaged when pressed against the wall material, a relatively flexible material is preferable, and examples thereof include silicone, synthetic rubber, and flexible polyvinyl chloride. Since it is difficult to prevent light reception of the thin film solar cell module by using the light interference preventing member, it can be installed at a position overlapping the light receiving surface.

  The size and thickness are not limited as long as the object can be achieved, but in order to prevent the wall material and the thin film solar cell module from contacting each other, the thickness is usually 0.5 cm or more, preferably 1 cm or more, and usually 5 cm or less, preferably Is 3 cm or less. As for the size, the length in the normal direction of the inner peripheral surface of the frame member of the thin film solar cell module is, for example, 1% or more and 10% or less with respect to the length in the direction of the thin film solar cell module. It is usually 1 cm or more, preferably 2 cm or more, more preferably 3 cm or more, and usually 30 cm or less, preferably 20 cm or less, more preferably 10 cm or less.

8). Application The solar cell device for wall surface of the present invention can be suitably used for installing a solar cell on the wall surface of a building such as a glass curtain wall.

1 Thin-film solar cell module 2 Wall material (glass)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 Board | plate material 4 Frame material 5 Locking member 6 Reinforcement material 7 Optical interference prevention member 10 Solar cell apparatus 11 for wall surfaces Surface protective layer 12 Back surface protective layer 13 Thin film solar cell element 14 Current collector 15 Sealing material

Claims (10)

A solar cell device for a wall surface having a structure in which a thin-film solar cell module is interposed between a translucent wall material and a plate material arranged in parallel with the wall material,
At least one set of frame members installed on opposite sides of the wall material;
A solar cell device for a wall surface, which is detachably attached to the frame material, and has a locking member that locks the plate material and the frame material.   The solar cell device for wall surfaces according to claim 1, wherein the frame member is provided on all side surfaces of the wall member.   The solar cell device for a wall surface according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thin film solar cell module has a structure in which a thin film solar cell element is sandwiched between a front surface protective layer and a back surface protective layer.   The solar cell device for wall surface according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the surface protective layer and / or the back surface protective layer is made of a material having rigidity.   The solar cell device for wall surfaces according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the thin film solar cell element is an organic thin film solar cell element.   The solar cell device for wall surfaces according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a material of the wall material is glass or resin.   The solar cell device for wall surfaces according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a material of the locking member is a metal.   The solar cell device for wall surface according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the plate member is a plate member having translucency.   The solar cell device for wall surfaces according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the thin film solar cell module is a thin film solar cell module having translucency.   The solar cell apparatus for wall surfaces of any one of Claims 1-9 which has an optical interference prevention member between the said transparent wall material and the said solar cell module.

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