JP2015154504A - battery unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a battery unit having an internal power storage battery that can suppress a disadvantage caused by reverse connection for connecting an external power storage battery to a first terminal and connecting a rotary machine to a second terminal.SOLUTION: A battery unit U having a lithium ion storage battery 30 in which a lead storage battery 20 is connected to a first terminal P1, a rotary machine 10 is connected to a second terminal P2 and an electrical load 43 is connected to a third terminal P3, has main connection passages L1, L2 for connecting the lithium ion storage battery 30 to a battery connection point N1 between the terminal P1 and the terminal P2, and auxiliary connection passages L3, L4 for supplying power to a P-MOS switch 51 and the electrical load 43. A controller 60 controls the opening/closing operation fo the P-MOS switch 51, determines the power supply state of the passages L1, L2, L3, L4 under the state that the P-MOS switch 51 is controlled to a predetermined open/close state, and determines on the basis of the determination result whether a reverse connection for connecting the rotary machine 10 to the first terminal P1 and connecting the lead storage battery 20 to the second terminal P2 occurs or not.

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique in which an external storage battery and a rotating machine having a power generation function can be connected to a battery unit having an internal storage battery.

  For example, a configuration in which a plurality of storage batteries (for example, a lead storage battery and a lithium ion storage battery) are used as an in-vehicle power supply system mounted on a vehicle and power is supplied to various in-vehicle electric loads while using each of these storage batteries properly is known. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). Specifically, a lead storage battery is electrically connected to the generator and the lithium ion storage battery via a semiconductor switch as an opening / closing means.

  At the time of regenerative power generation, in the above configuration, by providing a lithium ion storage battery on the generator side from the semiconductor switch, it is possible to charge more power to a lithium ion storage battery with less power loss in charge / discharge compared to a lead storage battery. it can. Moreover, the power supply from the generator to the lead storage battery is enabled by turning on the semiconductor switch.

  Further, by turning off the semiconductor switch during non-regenerative power generation, electric power is supplied from the lithium ion storage battery to the electric load connected to the lithium ion storage battery side from the semiconductor switch. By performing the control of the semiconductor switch as described above, it becomes possible to efficiently use the electric energy generated during the regenerative power generation.

JP 2012-80706 A

  In the power supply system using the above two storage batteries, the storage battery and the semiconductor switch are built in the unit, and the external storage battery and the generator (rotary machine) are respectively connected to the two terminals of the unit (battery unit) having the internal storage battery. It is configured to connect. Here, the terminal of the battery unit to which the external storage battery is connected (first terminal) and the terminal of the battery unit to which the generator is connected (second terminal) may be similar in shape. In such a case, there is a concern that a reverse connection that connects the rotating machine to the first terminal and the external storage battery to the second terminal may occur when the vehicle is assembled.

  When reverse connection occurs, when current flows from the rotating machine to the internal storage battery, there is a disadvantage that power loss occurs in the semiconductor switch. In addition, in the semiconductor switch, a voltage is generated in a direction that hinders the current flowing from the rotating machine to the internal storage battery, which causes a disadvantage that the current hardly flows through the internal storage battery.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and in a battery unit having an internal storage battery, suppresses inconvenience associated with reverse connection in which an external storage battery is connected to the first terminal and a rotating machine is connected to the second terminal. The main purpose.

  The present invention includes an internal storage battery (30), an external storage battery (20) is connected to the first terminal (P1), a rotating machine (10) having a power generation function is connected to the second terminal (P2), and a third A battery unit (U) in which an electric load (43) is connected to a terminal (P3), wherein the battery is connected between the first terminal and the second terminal and between the two terminals. A main connection path (L1, L2) for connecting the internal storage battery to the connection point (N1), a first switch (51) provided between the first terminal and the battery connection point in the main connection path; Sub-connection path (L3, L4) that is connected to the third terminal and enables power supply from the internal storage battery or the external storage battery to the electrical load, and switch control means for controlling opening and closing of the first switch (60) and the first switch Based on the determination result determined by the energization determination means (60) for determining the energization state in at least one of the main connection path and the sub connection path in a state controlled to a predetermined open / close state, and the energization determination means A connection state determination means (60) for determining whether or not a reverse connection occurs in which the rotating machine is connected to the first terminal and the external storage battery is connected to the second terminal; It is characterized by providing.

  A first switch is provided in the main connection path that interconnects the internal storage battery, the external storage battery, and the rotating machine. By opening or closing the first switch, each of the main connection path and the sub connection path is provided. The energized state becomes a predetermined state. In addition to this, when the external storage battery and the rotating machine are normally connected to the first terminal and the second terminal, and when the reverse connection is compared, the respective energization states in the main connection path and the sub connection path are Different from each other. Therefore, the presence or absence of reverse connection of the external storage battery and the rotating machine to the battery unit can be determined by the above configuration. Thereby, it is possible to eliminate various inconveniences caused by reverse connection.

The electric circuit diagram which shows the power supply system of this embodiment. The figure which shows the state of each switch in a 1st state. The figure which shows the state of each switch in a 2nd state. The figure which shows the state of each switch in a 3rd state. The figure which shows the state of each switch in a 4th state. The figure which shows the state of each switch in a 5th state. The electric circuit diagram which shows the power supply system at the time of reverse connection. The flowchart which shows a 1st reverse connection determination process. The flowchart which shows a 2nd reverse connection determination process. The flowchart which shows a 3rd reverse connection determination process. The flowchart which shows a 4th reverse connection determination process. The flowchart which shows a 5th reverse connection determination process. The flowchart which shows the 6th reverse connection determination process.

  DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments embodying the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The battery unit of this embodiment is applied to an in-vehicle power supply system mounted on a vehicle, and the vehicle travels using an engine (internal combustion engine) as a drive source. The vehicle has a so-called idling stop function.

  As shown in FIG. 1, this power supply system includes a rotating machine 10, a lead storage battery 20, a lithium ion storage battery 30, a starter 41, various electric loads 42 and 43, a P-MOS switch 51 as a first switch, and a second switch. P-SMR switch 52 as a third switch, S-MOS switch 53 as a third switch, and S-SMR switch 54 as a fourth switch.

  Among these, the lithium ion storage battery 30 and each of the switches 51 to 54 are integrated by being accommodated in a casing (accommodating case) and configured as a battery unit U. Moreover, the battery unit U has the control part 60 which comprises a battery control means, and each switch 51-54 and the control part 60 are accommodated in the housing | casing in the state mounted in the same board | substrate.

  The battery unit U is provided with a first terminal P1, a second terminal P2, and a third terminal P3 as external terminals. The lead storage battery 20, the starter 41, and the electric load 42 are connected to the first terminal P1, The rotating machine 10 is connected to the two terminals P2, and the electric load 43 is connected to the third terminal P3. In this case, the lead storage battery 20 or the like is connected to the first terminal P1 via the harness H1, the rotating machine 10 is connected to the second terminal P2 via the harness H2, and the third terminal P3 via the harness H3. The electric load 43 is connected. Both the first terminal P1 and the second terminal P2 are large-current input / output terminals through which input / output currents of the rotating machine 10 flow.

  The rotating shaft of the rotating machine 10 is drivingly connected to a crankshaft of an engine (not shown) by a belt or the like. The rotating shaft of the rotating machine 10 is rotated by the rotation of the crankshaft, and the rotating shaft of the rotating machine 10 is rotated. Causes the crankshaft to rotate. In this case, the rotating machine 10 includes an electric power generation function for generating electric power (regenerative electric power generation) by rotating the crankshaft and a power output function for applying a rotational force to the crankshaft, and constitutes an ISG (Integrated Starter Generator). It has become. As for the power output of the rotating machine 10, the engine is restarted by the rotating machine 10 when the engine is restarted by the idling stop control. In addition, output assistance (assist) by the rotating machine 10 is possible during vehicle travel.

  The lead storage battery 20 and the lithium ion storage battery 30 are electrically connected in parallel to the rotating machine 10, and the storage batteries 20, 30 can be charged by the generated power of the rotating machine 10. The rotating machine 10 is driven by power feeding from the storage batteries 20 and 30.

  The lead storage battery 20 is a well-known general-purpose storage battery. On the other hand, the lithium ion storage battery 30 is a high-density storage battery with less power loss during charging / discharging and higher output density and energy density than the lead storage battery 20. The lithium ion storage battery 30 is composed of an assembled battery formed by connecting a plurality of battery cells in series. The lead storage battery 20 corresponds to an “external storage battery”, and the lithium ion storage battery 30 corresponds to an “internal storage battery”.

In the battery unit U, a plurality of connection paths L <b> 1 to L <b> 4 for connecting the terminals P <b> 1 to P <b> 3 and the lithium ion storage battery 30 to each other are provided as in-unit electrical paths. this house,
The first connection path L1 is an electrical path that connects the first terminal P1 and the second terminal P2,
The second connection path L2 is an electrical path that connects the connection point N1 on the first connection path L1 and the lithium ion storage battery 30,
The third connection path L3 is an electrical path that connects the connection point N2 on the first connection path L1 and the third terminal P3,
The fourth connection path L4 is an electrical path that connects the connection point N3 of the second connection path L2 and the connection point N4 of the third connection path L3.
Among these, the first connection path L1 and the second connection path L2 correspond to “main connection paths”, and the third connection path L3 and the fourth connection path L4 correspond to “sub connection paths”.

And
A P-MOS switch 51 is provided in the first connection path L1 (specifically, between N1 and N2),
A P-SMR switch 52 is provided in the second connection path L2 (specifically, between N1 and N3),
An S-MOS switch 53 is provided in the third connection path L3 (specifically, between N2 and N4),
An S-SMR switch 54 is provided in the fourth connection path L4 (specifically, between N3 and N4).
Each of these switches 51 to 54 includes 2 × n MOSFETs (semiconductor switches) and is connected in series so that the parasitic diodes of the pair of MOSFETs are opposite to each other. By this parasitic diode, when each switch 51 to 54 is turned off, the current flowing through the path in which the switch is provided is completely cut off. In addition, the 1st connection path | route L1 and the 2nd connection path | route L2 are large current paths with which it is assumed that a comparatively big electric current flows between the rotary machine 10 and each storage battery 20,30. Further, the third connection path L3 and the fourth connection path L4 are small current paths that are assumed to flow a smaller current than the connection paths L1 and L2. Therefore, the switches 51 and 52 provided in the connection paths L1 and L2 have larger allowable current amounts than the switches 53 and 54 provided in the connection paths L3 and L4. Specifically, as the switches 51 and 52, more MOSFETs are connected in parallel than the switches 53 and 54, thereby increasing the allowable current amount.

  The control unit 60 switches the switches 51 to 54 between on (closed) and off (open). For example, at the time of discharging each storage battery 20, 30, the switches 51 to 54 are basically controlled so as to cut off the connection between the lead storage battery 20 and the lithium ion storage battery 30, and current flows from the lead storage battery 20 to the lithium ion storage battery 30. It is suppressed that current flows from the lithium ion storage battery 30 to the lead storage battery 20. Thereby, the power loss accompanying a current flowing between both storage batteries can be suppressed.

  The control unit 60 is connected to an ECU 70 (electronic control device) outside the battery unit. That is, the control unit 60 and the ECU 70 are connected via a communication network such as CAN and can communicate with each other, and various data stored in the control unit 60 and the ECU 70 can be shared with each other. The ECU 70 performs idling stop control. As is well known, the idling stop control is to automatically stop the engine when a predetermined automatic stop condition is satisfied, and to restart the engine when the predetermined restart condition is satisfied under the automatic stop state.

  The electric load 43 is a constant voltage required electric load in which the voltage of the supplied power is substantially constant or the voltage fluctuation is required to be stable within a predetermined range. The lead load battery 20 is connected to the electrical load 43 via the S-MOS switch 53, and the lithium ion storage battery 30 is connected via the S-SMR switch 54. The lead storage battery 20 and the lithium ion storage battery 30 Power is supplied from either one. However, in the present embodiment, the lithium ion storage battery 30 mainly shares power supply to the electric load 43 that is a constant voltage required electric load.

  Specific examples of the electric load 43 include an in-vehicle navigation device and an in-vehicle audio device. For example, when the voltage of the supplied power is not constant and fluctuates greatly, or when it fluctuates greatly beyond the predetermined range, the voltage instantaneously drops below the minimum operating voltage, and the in-vehicle navigation There arises a problem that the operation of the device is reset. Therefore, the electric power supplied to the electric load 43 is required to be stable at a constant value where the voltage does not drop below the minimum operating voltage.

  The electric load 42 is a general electric load other than the electric load 43 (constant voltage required electric load) and the starter 41. Specific examples of the electric load 42 include wipers such as a headlight and a front windshield, a blower fan for an air conditioner, and a defroster heater for a rear windshield. The electric load 42 includes a driving load that shifts from a stopped state to a driven state when a predetermined driving condition is satisfied, and returns to the stopped state when the condition is not satisfied. The driving load is, for example, power steering or a power window. The starter 41 and the electrical load 42 are electrically connected to the lead storage battery 20 side with respect to the P-MOS switch 51, and the lead storage battery 20 mainly shares power supply to the starter 41 and the electrical load 42. .

  The rotating machine 10 generates power using the rotational energy of the crankshaft of the engine. The electric power generated by the rotating machine 10 is supplied to the electric loads 42 and 43 and also supplied to the lead storage battery 20 and the lithium ion storage battery 30. When the driving of the engine is stopped and power generation is not performed by the rotating machine 10, electric power is supplied from the lead storage battery 20 and the lithium ion storage battery 30 to the rotating machine 10, the starter 41, and the electric loads 42 and 43. The amount of discharge from each storage battery 20, 30 to the rotating machine 10, the starter 41 and the electric loads 42 to 43 and the amount of charge from the rotating machine 10 to each storage battery 20, 30 are determined by the SOC (State of of each storage battery 20, 30). charge: Control is performed so that the state of charge, that is, the ratio of the actual charge amount to the charge amount at the time of full charge, is in a range (appropriate range) where overcharge / discharge does not occur.

  Control unit 60 detects the temperature, output voltage, and charge / discharge current of lithium ion storage battery 30, and calculates the SOC of lithium ion storage battery 30 based on the detected values. Further, the control unit 60 detects the temperature, output voltage, and charge / discharge current of the lead storage battery 20, and calculates the SOC of the lead storage battery 20 based on the detected values. The control unit 60 opens and closes the switches 51 to 54 based on the SOC of each storage battery, and performs control so that the SOC falls within an appropriate range. In addition, each of the switches 51 to 54 is provided with a current sensor, and the control unit 60 acquires a detected value of the current flowing through each of the switches 51 to 54. Moreover, the voltage sensor is provided in the terminals P1-P3 of the battery unit U, and the control part 60 acquires the detected value of the voltage of the terminals P1-P3, respectively.

  In the present embodiment, the decelerating regeneration is performed in which the rotating machine 10 is generated by the regenerative energy of the vehicle and charged to both the storage batteries 20 and 30 (mainly the lithium ion storage battery 30). This deceleration regeneration is performed under the control of the ECU 70 when conditions such as that the vehicle is decelerating and that fuel injection to the engine is cut off are satisfied.

  Here, both the storage batteries 20 and 30 are connected in parallel to the rotating machine 10. For this reason, when the electric power generated by the rotating machine 10 is charged, the storage battery having the lower terminal voltage is preferentially charged. At the time of regenerative power generation, the lithium ion storage battery 30 is charged with priority over the lead storage battery 20 so that the terminal voltage of the lithium ion storage battery 30 is lower than the terminal voltage of the lead storage battery 20. ing. Such a setting can be realized by setting the open end voltage and the internal resistance value of both the storage batteries 20 and 30. The open end voltage can be set using the positive electrode active material, the negative electrode active material and the electrolyte of the lithium ion storage battery 30. It can be realized by selecting.

  In the present embodiment, the engine is automatically stopped by idling stop control, and then the engine is automatically restarted by driving the rotating machine 10. Further, after the restart, output assist (start assist) for applying torque to the crankshaft is performed by the rotating machine 10 until the speed of the vehicle reaches a predetermined speed. Further, when the vehicle is running and the accelerator pedal is depressed by the driver to accelerate the vehicle, the rotating machine 10 performs output assistance (intermediate assist) that applies torque to the crankshaft. The intermediate assist is performed even in a situation where a high output is required for the crankshaft, such as when traveling on a steep slope. Both the start assist and the intermediate assist are performed under the control of the ECU 70. By performing the start assist and the intermediate assist, the fuel efficiency of the vehicle can be improved.

  A current corresponding to the amount of torque that the rotating machine 10 applies to the crankshaft supplies electric power to the rotating machine 10 as the rotating machine 10 is driven at the time of starting, starting assist, and intermediate assist. Flows into the storage battery. The output voltage of the storage battery is lowered by this current and the internal resistance of the storage battery. Due to the decrease in the output voltage of the storage battery according to the torque applied by the rotating machine 10, the voltage of the electric power supplied to the constant voltage requesting electric load 43 may also temporarily decrease, and an unexpected operation reset may occur. is there.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the control unit 60 appropriately controls the state of each of the switches 51 to 54 according to the traveling state of the vehicle, so that the operation of the constant voltage requesting electric load 43 is reset while the vehicle is traveling. Suppress defects. Specifically, the switches 51 to 54 are in the following first state to fifth state.

  In the first state shown in FIG. 2, the switches 51, 52, and 54 are turned on, and only the S-MOS switch 53 is turned off. In this first state, the lead storage battery 20 and the lithium ion storage battery 30 are in a conductive state, and both the storage batteries 20, 30 and the rotating machine 10 and the electrical load 43 are in a conductive state.

  In the second state shown in FIG. 3, the switches 51 and 54 are turned on, and the switches 52 and 53 are turned off. In this second state, the lead storage battery 20 and the rotating machine 10 are in a conductive state, and the electrical load 43 and the lithium ion storage battery 30 are in a conductive state. Moreover, the lead storage battery 20 and the lithium ion storage battery 30 are cut off.

  In the third state shown in FIG. 4, the switches 52 and 54 are turned on and the switches 51 and 53 are turned off. In the third state, the rotating machine 10 and the electric load 43 and the lithium ion storage battery 30 are in a conductive state. Moreover, the lead storage battery 20 and the lithium ion storage battery 30 are cut off.

  In the fourth state shown in FIG. 5, the switches 51 and 53 are turned on, and the switches 52 and 54 are turned off. In the fourth state, the rotating machine 10, the electrical load 43, and the lead storage battery 20 are in a conductive state. Moreover, the lead storage battery 20 and the lithium ion storage battery 30 are cut off.

  In the fifth state shown in FIG. 6, the switches 52 and 53 are turned on, and the switches 51 and 54 are turned off. In the fifth state, the rotating machine 10 and the lithium ion storage battery 30 are in a conductive state, and the electrical load 43 and the lead storage battery 20 are in a conductive state. Moreover, the lead storage battery 20 and the lithium ion storage battery 30 are cut off.

  That is, in the first state, the lead storage battery 20 and the lithium ion storage battery 30 are in a conductive state, and the lead storage battery 20, the lithium ion storage battery 30, the rotating machine 10, and the electrical load 43 are in a conductive state. Moreover, in the 2nd-5th state, the lead storage battery 20 and the lithium ion storage battery 30 are made into the interruption | blocking state, and each of the rotary machine 10 and the electrical load 43 is electrically connected with either one of the lead storage battery 20 and the lithium ion storage battery 30. State.

  At the time of regenerative power generation, the switch state is set to the first state in order to charge the electric power generated in the rotating machine 10 to the lead storage battery 20 and the lithium ion storage battery 30.

  In addition, when driving without assistance by the rotating machine 10 (during normal driving) and when the engine is stopped at idling stop, the electrical load 43 and the lithium ion storage battery 30 are brought into conduction, and the lead storage battery 20 and the lithium ion storage battery 30 are disconnected. In order to obtain a state, the switch state is set to the second state.

  Further, when the engine is restarted at the idling stop, the switch state is set to the second state so that the voltage drop caused by the driving of the rotating machine 10 does not affect the electric load 43. Then, at the time of start assist after the idling stop restart, the switch state is set to the first state in order to supply electric power from both the storage batteries 20 and 30 to the rotating machine 10.

  At the time of intermediate assist, the switch state is basically set to the third state. That is, power is supplied from the lithium ion storage battery 30 to the rotating machine 10, the remaining capacity (charge rate) of the lithium ion storage battery 30 is reduced, and the lithium ion storage battery 30 is charged with more power generated during regenerative power generation. Is possible. At the time of the intermediate assist, when the current flowing through the rotating machine 10 is a predetermined amount or more and the output voltage of the lithium ion storage battery 30 is greatly reduced, the switch state is set to the fifth state. That is, at the time of intermediate assist, power is supplied from the lead storage battery 20 to the electric load 43 in order to avoid unstable operation due to a decrease in the output voltage of the lithium ion storage battery 30.

  Further, when the remaining capacity of the lithium ion storage battery 30 is reduced, the switch state is changed to the fourth state in order to maintain the charging rate of the lithium ion storage battery 30 in order to prevent the lithium ion storage battery 30 from being overdischarged. To do. By setting the switch state to the fourth state, power supply from the lithium ion storage battery 30 to the electric load 43 is stopped, and power supply is performed from the lead storage battery 20 to the electric load 43.

  Further, the switch state is set to the fourth state immediately after the IG is turned on and at the cold start. In other words, immediately after the IG is turned on, the charge rate of the lithium ion storage battery 30 cannot be acquired, so that power is supplied from the lead storage battery 20 to the electric loads 42 and 43 in order to prevent overdischarge of the lithium ion storage battery 30. Moreover, at the time of cold start, since the electric current which flows into the starter 41 is large and discharge from the lithium ion storage battery 30 to the starter 41 may cause overdischarge, power is supplied from the lead storage battery 20 to the starter 41.

  As described above, in the first terminal P1 and the second terminal P2 of the battery unit U, the lead storage battery 20, the starter 41, and the electric load 42 are connected to the first terminal P1, and the rotation is performed to the second terminal P2. Machine 10 is connected. Here, when assembly to the harnesses H1 and H2 with respect to the terminals P1 and P2 of the battery unit U occurs during the assembly to the vehicle, the rotating machine 10 is connected to the first terminal P1, and the lead storage battery is connected to the second terminal P2. An incorrect connection (reverse connection) is made such that 20 is connected. An electric circuit diagram at the time of reverse connection is shown in FIG. In this case, the following inconvenience may occur.

  That is, at the time of reverse connection shown in FIG. 7, the rotating machine 10 and the lithium ion storage battery 30 are connected via the two switches 51 and 52 of the connection paths L1 and L2, compared with the case of normal connection (FIG. 1). Thus, the power loss for the P-MOS switch increases. Due to the power loss of the P-MOS switch, the charging efficiency from the rotating machine 10 to the lithium ion storage battery 30 during regenerative power generation decreases. Moreover, the efficiency in the electric power supply from the lithium ion storage battery 30 to the rotary machine 10 falls at the time of start assist.

  Further, at the time of intermediate assist, when the current flowing through the rotating machine 10 is less than a predetermined amount, both the P-MOS switch 51 and the S-MOS switch 53 are turned off (the third state in FIG. 4). ), The first terminal P1, the lead storage battery 20 and the lithium ion storage battery 30 are cut off. For this reason, electric power is not supplied to the rotating machine 10 connected to the first terminal P1, and intermediate assist cannot be performed.

  Further, at the time of intermediate assist, when the current flowing through the rotating machine 10 is a predetermined amount or more, both the P-MOS switch 51 and the S-SMR switch 54 are turned off (the fifth state in FIG. 6). ), The first terminal P1, the lead storage battery 20 and the lithium ion storage battery 30 are cut off. Moreover, the 3rd terminal P3, the lead storage battery 20, and the lithium ion storage battery 30 are made into the interruption | blocking state. For this reason, no electric power is supplied to the rotating machine 10 connected to the first terminal P1 and the electric load 43 connected to the third terminal P3, and not only the intermediate assist can be performed but also the electric load 43 is in a power failure state. Become.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the control unit 60 is configured to have a reverse connection determination function. When determining that reverse connection has occurred, the control unit 60 sets the P-MOS switch 51 and the S-MOS switch 53 to the on state, and sets the P-SMR switch 52 and the S-SMR switch 54 to the off state. . As a result, the lead storage battery 20 is connected to the rotating machine 10, the starter 41, and the electric loads 42, 43, and the lithium ion storage battery 30 is disconnected from the rotating machine 10, the lead storage battery 20, the starter 41, and the electric loads 42, 43. Become. That is, only the lead storage battery 20 performs power supply to the rotating machine 10, the starter 41, and the electric loads 42 and 43, and the power generated by the rotating machine 10 is charged to the lead storage battery 20.

  Hereinafter, the reverse connection determination process will be described. The reverse connection determination process is performed in a state where the harnesses H1 to H3 are connected to the terminals P1 to P3 of the battery unit U. In the present embodiment, each switch 51 to 54 is set in a predetermined open / close state, and in that state, a current flows through a predetermined switch among the switches 51 to 54 in the energized state in each connection path L1 to L4. It is determined whether or not. Then, based on the determination result, it is determined whether reverse connection has occurred.

(1) First Reverse Connection Determination Processing When no current flows through the rotating machine 10 (when driving and power generation are not performed in the rotating machine 10), both the P-MOS switch 51 and the P-SMR switch 52 are used. Based on whether the current flows in the P-MOS switch 51 or not, the reverse connection is determined. This state is the state shown in FIG. 2 (the states of the switches 53 and 54 are arbitrary). In this case, if the connection is normal, a current corresponding to the difference between the terminal voltages of the storage batteries 20 and 30 flows to the P-MOS switch 51, and no current flows to the P-MOS switch 51 if the connection is reverse. By determining this energized state, reverse connection can be determined appropriately.

(2) Second Reverse Connection Determination Processing When no current flows through the rotating machine 10, the P-MOS switch 51 is turned off and the P-SMR switch 52 is turned on. At that time, the P-SMR switch 52 is turned on. Whether reverse connection is determined based on whether current flows or not. This state is the state shown in FIG. 4 (the states of the switches 53 and 54 are arbitrary). In this case, if the connection is normal, no current flows through the P-SMR switch 52, and if the connection is reverse, a current corresponding to the difference between the terminal voltages of the storage batteries 20 and 30 flows through the P-SMR switch 52. By determining this energized state, reverse connection can be determined appropriately.

(3) Third reverse connection determination processing When no current is flowing through the rotating machine 10 and the electric load 43 is in a state where power is supplied, the P-MOS switch 51 is turned off and the S-MOS is turned on. Whether or not reverse connection is made is determined based on whether or not current flows through the S-MOS switch 53 with the switch 53 turned on. This state is the state shown in FIG. 6 (the states of the switches 52 and 54 are arbitrary). In this case, if the connection is normal, a load driving current flows through the S-MOS switch 53, and if the connection is reverse, no current flows through the S-MOS switch 53. By determining this energized state, reverse connection can be determined appropriately.

(4) Fourth reverse connection determination processing When no current flows through the rotating machine 10 and when electric power is supplied to the electric load 43, the MOS switches 51 and 53 are turned on. Whether or not reverse connection is made is determined based on whether or not a current flows through each of the MOS switches 51 and 53 with the SMR switches 52 and 54 turned off. This state is the state shown in FIG. In this case, if the connection is normal, the load driving current flows only to the S-MOS switch 53 of the MOS switches 51 and 53. If the connection is reverse, the load driving current is applied to both the MOS switches 51 and 53. Flowing. By determining this energized state, reverse connection can be determined appropriately. Note that the currents flowing through the MOS switches 51 and 53 at the time of reverse connection are equal to each other.

(5) Fifth reverse connection determination processing When assist power (drive power) is supplied to the rotating machine 10, the P-MOS switch 51 is turned off and the P-SMR switch Whether or not reverse connection is made is determined based on whether or not a current flows through the P-SMR switch 52 in a state where the switch 52 is turned on. This state is the state shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. In this case, if the connection is normal, the assist current flows through the P-SMR switch 52. If the connection is reverse, the assist current does not flow through the P-SMR switch 52. By determining this energized state, reverse connection can be determined appropriately.

(6) Sixth reverse connection determination process When no current flows through the rotating machine 10, the P-MOS switch 51 is turned off and either the S-MOS switch 53 or the S-SMR switch 54 is turned off. Whether or not reverse connection is made is determined based on whether or not a voltage is applied to the first terminal P1. In this case, a voltage is applied from the lead storage battery 20 to the first terminal P1 if the connection is normal, and no voltage is applied to the first terminal P1 if the connection is reverse. By determining this voltage application state as an energized state, reverse connection can be determined appropriately.

  In the present embodiment, the six reverse connection determination processes are performed at a timing suitable for each process. Each process is performed by the control unit 60 at predetermined intervals. Note that at least one of the following processes in FIGS. 8-12 may be performed by the control unit 60, but a plurality of processes may be performed.

  FIG. 8 shows a flowchart of the first reverse connection determination process. In step S11, it is determined whether or not the vehicle is stopped. Here, when the vehicle is stopped refers to a state where the vehicle engine stops operating and the in-vehicle power supply system is turned off (for example, parking). While the vehicle is stopped, the control unit 60 operates for equalizing discharge of the lithium ion storage battery 30. Here, the equalization discharge is a known technique for increasing the charge capacity usable in the lithium ion storage battery 30 by equalizing the terminal voltages of the battery cells constituting the lithium ion storage battery 30 as the assembled battery. is there. While the vehicle is stopped, the rotating machine 10 stops operating. The control unit 60 acquires information regarding whether or not the vehicle is stopped from the ECU 70. If it is determined that the vehicle is not stopped (S11: NO), the process is terminated.

  If it is determined that the vehicle is stopped (S11: YES), in step S12, both the P-MOS switch 51 and the P-SMR switch 52 are turned on (here, in the first state of FIG. 2). . In step S13, the detection values V1 and V2 of the voltages at the terminals P1 and P2 are acquired. In step S14, the detected value V1 is compared with the detected value V2. When the detection values V1 and V2 are different (S14: YES), it is determined that a current is flowing through the first connection path L1, and in step S15, it is determined that a normal connection is made, and the process ends. If the detected values V1 and V2 are equal (S14: NO), it is determined that no current is flowing through the first connection path L1, and it is determined in step S16 that reverse connection has occurred, and the process ends. .

  In the above-described processing, it is configured to determine whether or not current is flowing through the first connection path L1 based on the detected values V1 and V2 of the voltages at the terminals P1 and P2. -Based on the detected value Ipm of the current flowing through the MOS switch 51, it may be configured to determine whether or not a current is flowing through the first connection path L1.

  FIG. 9 shows a flowchart of the second reverse connection determination process. In step S21, it is determined whether or not the vehicle is stopped. If it is determined that the vehicle is not stopped (S21: NO), the process is terminated. If it is determined that the vehicle is stopped (S21: YES), in step S22, the P-MOS switch 51 is turned off and the P-SMR switch 52 is turned on (here, in the third state of FIG. 4). To do). In step S23, the detection value Ips of the current flowing through the P-SMR switch 52 is acquired. In step S24, it is determined whether or not the detection value Ips is 0 [A]. When the detection value Ips is 0 [A] (S24: YES), it is determined that no current is flowing in the second connection path L2, and in step S25, it is determined that the normal connection is made, and the process is terminated. If it is determined that the detection value Ips is not 0 [A], it is determined that a current is flowing in the second connection path L2, and it is determined that reverse connection has occurred, and the process ends.

  In the above-described processing, it is configured to determine whether or not current is flowing through the second connection path L2 based on the detected value Ips of current flowing through the P-SMR switch 52. Based on the detected value of the output voltage of the storage battery 30 and the detected value V2 of the voltage of the second terminal P2, it may be configured to determine whether or not current is flowing through the second connection path L2.

  FIG. 10 shows a flowchart of the third reverse connection determination process. In step S31, it is determined whether the power supply state of the vehicle is an IG on state. The control unit 60 acquires information regarding whether or not the power supply state of the vehicle is the IG on state from the ECU 70. If it is determined that the IG is on (S31: YES), it is determined in step S32 whether or not the rotating machine 10 is stopped. When the rotating machine 10 is stopped, no current flows through the rotating machine 10. When the IG is off (S31: NO) or the rotating machine 10 is operating (S32: NO), the process is terminated.

  If it is determined that the rotating machine 10 is stopped (S32: YES), in step S33, the P-MOS switch 51 is turned off and the S-MOS switch 53 is turned on (here, FIG. 3). Set to the second state). In step S34, the detection value Ism of the current flowing through the S-MOS switch 53 is acquired. In step S35, it is determined whether or not the detection value Ism is 0 [A]. If it is determined that the detection value Ism is not 0 [A] (S35: YES), in step S36, it is determined that no current is flowing in the third connection path L3, it is determined that the normal connection is made, and processing is performed. Exit. If it is determined that the detected value Ism is 0 [A], it is determined in step S37 that a current is flowing through the third connection path L3, it is determined that reverse connection has occurred, and the process ends. To do.

  In the above-described processing, it is configured to determine whether or not current is flowing through the third connection path L3 based on the detection value Ism of the current flowing through the S-MOS switch 53. A configuration may be adopted in which it is determined whether or not current is flowing through the third connection path L3 based on the detected values V1 and V3 of the voltages at the terminal P1 and the third terminal P3.

  FIG. 11 shows a flowchart of the fourth reverse connection determination process. In step S41, it is determined whether the power supply state of the vehicle is an IG on state. If it is determined that the IG is on (S41: YES), it is determined in step S42 whether or not the rotating machine 10 is stopped. When the rotating machine 10 is stopped, no current flows through the rotating machine 10. If the IG off state (S41: NO) or the rotating machine 10 is operating (S42: NO), the process is terminated.

  If it is determined that the rotating machine 10 is stopped (S42: YES), in step S43, the MOS switches 51 and 53 are turned on and the SMR switches 52 and 54 are turned off (the first in FIG. 5). 4 states). In step S44, the detection values Ipm and Ism of the current flowing through the MOS switches 51 and 53 are acquired. In step S45, it is determined whether or not the detection value Ism is 0 [A]. When it is determined that the detection value Ism is 0 [A] (S45: NO), the process ends. When it is determined that the detection value Ism is not 0 [A] (S45: YES), the detection values Ipm and Ips are compared in step S46. If the detected values Ipm and Ips are different (S46: YES), it is determined in step S47 that a normal connection has been made, and the process ends. When Ipm and Ips are equal (S46: NO), in step S48, it is considered that power is being supplied from the lead storage battery 20 to the electrical load 43 via the first connection path L1 and the third connection path L3, and the reverse It is determined that a connection has occurred, and the process ends.

  In the above-described processing, when the detection value Ism is not 0 [A], the detection values Ipm and Ism are compared, and when Ipm and Ips are equal, it is determined that reverse connection has occurred. This may be changed to determine that reverse connection has occurred when both the detection values Ipm and Ism are not 0 [A].

  A flowchart of the fifth reverse connection determination process is shown in FIG. In step S <b> 51, it is determined whether intermediate assist is being performed and the rotating machine 10 is driven and current is flowing to the rotating machine 10. If it is determined that the intermediate assist is not being performed (S51: NO), the process is terminated. If it is determined that the intermediate assist is performed (S51: YES), the detected value Ips of the current flowing through the P-SMR switch 52 is acquired in step S52. In step S53, it is determined whether or not the detection value Ips is 0 [A]. If the detected value Ips is not 0 [A] (S53: YES), it is determined in step S54 that a normal connection is established, and the process is terminated. If the detection value Ips is 0 [A] (S53: NO), it is determined in step S55 that reverse connection has occurred, and the process ends.

  A flowchart of the sixth reverse connection determination process is shown in FIG. In step S61, it is determined whether or not the vehicle is stopped. If it is determined that the vehicle is not stopped (S62: NO), the process is terminated. If it is determined that the vehicle is stopped (S61: YES), the detected value V1 of the voltage at the first terminal P1 is acquired in step S62. In step S63, the detected value V1 is compared with a predetermined threshold voltage Vth. If the detected value V1 is equal to or higher than the threshold voltage Vth (S63: YES), it is determined in step S64 that the normal connection has been made, and the process ends. If the detected value V1 is less than the threshold voltage Vth (S63: NO), it is determined in step S65 that reverse connection has been made, and the process ends. Here, the threshold voltage Vth is set to an appropriate value for determining whether or not the lead storage battery 20 is connected to the first terminal P1.

  Hereinafter, the effect which this embodiment has is shown.

  In the battery unit U including the lithium ion storage battery 30 as the internal storage battery, the lead storage battery 20 and the rotating machine 10 are connected to the first terminal P1 and the second terminal P2, respectively. When the rotary machine 10 and the rotating machine 10 are connected in reverse, the energized state in the connection paths L1 to L4 in the battery unit U is different from the original state. Focusing on this point, each switch 51 to 54 is turned on and off in a predetermined state, and the reverse is based on the energization state in the connection paths L1 to L4 under that state (that is, the energization state of each switch 51 to 54). It was decided to determine the connection. Thereby, it is possible to suppress inconveniences such as power loss and malfunction of the rotating machine 10 caused by connecting the lead storage battery 20 and the rotating machine 10 in reverse.

  In a state where the P-SMR switch 52 is turned on, the lithium ion storage battery 30 and the first connection path L1 are electrically connected. In this case, depending on whether the lead storage battery 20 and the rotating machine 10 are connected to the terminals P1 and P2 in a normal connection or a reverse connection, the energization states in the connection paths L1 and L2 which are main connection paths are different. As a result, it is possible to determine whether the connection is normal or reverse.

  When the rotating machine 10 is in a stopped state and power is supplied to the electric load 43, depending on whether the lead storage battery 20 and the rotating machine 10 are connected to the terminals P1 and P2 in a normal connection or a reverse connection. Thus, the energization states in the connection paths L3 and L4 which are the sub-connection paths are different. As a result, it is possible to determine whether the connection is normal or reverse.

  In the first reverse connection determination process and the second reverse connection determination process, the energized state is determined while the vehicle is stopped, and the reverse connection is determined based on the determination result. With this configuration, it is possible to determine reverse connection before the vehicle travels, and it is possible to suppress various inconveniences caused by the reverse connection during travel of the vehicle.

  In the third reverse connection determination process and the fourth reverse connection determination process, the energization state is determined when the electrical load 43 is in the driving state when the IG is on. When the energized state is determined when the IG is on, as a result of the electric load 43 being driven, the amount of current flowing to the electric load 43 increases, and the difference in the energized state during normal connection and reverse connection becomes clear, and reverse connection is established. It can be suitably determined.

(Other embodiments)
The switches 52 to 54 other than the P-MOS switch 51 may be omitted. In this configuration, the first reverse connection determination process can be performed. If the P-MOS switch 51 is turned on when no current is flowing through the rotating machine 10, the lithium ion storage battery 30 and the first terminal P1 (the lead storage battery 20 and the electric load) are connected via the P-MOS switch 51 during normal connection. 42). On the other hand, no current flows through the P-MOS switch 51 during reverse connection. Therefore, based on the detected value Ipm of the current flowing through the P-MOS switch 51 or the voltage generated by the current flowing through the P-MOS switch 51, it can be determined whether reverse connection has occurred.

  The switches 53 and 54 other than the P-MOS switch 51 and the P-SMR switch 52 may be omitted. In this configuration, the first reverse connection determination process and the second reverse connection determination process can be performed.

  In the first reverse connection determination process and the second reverse connection determination process, when the power is not turned off (when the vehicle is stopped), that is, when the vehicle is turned on (when the IG is turned on), the energized state is determined. It is good also as a structure which determines reverse connection based on a result. In this case, it is preferable to determine the energized state on the condition that no current flows through the rotating machine 10 and to determine reverse connection based on the determination result. In the third reverse connection determination process and the fourth reverse connection determination process, the energized state may be determined regardless of the power state of the vehicle, and the reverse connection may be determined based on the determination result.

  -The 1st-4th reverse connection determination process may be implemented on condition that harnesses H1, H2, and H3 were assembled in terminals P1, P2, and P3 of battery unit U, respectively. With this configuration, reverse connection can be determined more quickly.

  -It is good also as a structure in which the rotary machine 10 has only a power generation function. Even with this configuration, the first to fourth reverse connection determination processes can be performed.

  Although the lead storage battery 20 is used as the first storage battery and the lithium ion storage battery 30 is used as the second storage battery, this may be changed. When changing a 1st storage battery and a 2nd storage battery, the 2nd storage battery should just be a thing with low electric power loss at the time of charging / discharging compared with a 1st storage battery. For example, a nickel hydride storage battery, a nickel cadmium storage battery, or the like may be used as the first storage battery and the second storage battery.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Rotating machine, 20 ... Lead storage battery (external storage battery), 30 ... Lithium ion storage battery (internal storage battery), 43 ... Electric load, 51 ... P-MOS switch (1st switch), 60 ... Control part, L1, L2 ... Main connection path, L3, L4 ... Sub connection path, P1 ... First terminal, P2 ... Second terminal, P3 ... Third terminal, U ... Battery unit.

Claims (10)

An internal storage battery (30) is provided, an external storage battery (20) is connected to the first terminal (P1), a rotating machine (10) having a power generation function is connected to the second terminal (P2), and a third terminal (P3) A battery unit (U) to which an electrical load (43) is connected,
A main connection path (L1, L2) for connecting the first storage terminal and the second terminal, and connecting the internal storage battery to a battery connection point (N1) between the two terminals;
A first switch (51) provided between the first terminal and the battery connection point in the main connection path;
A sub-connection path (L3, L4) that is connected to the third terminal and enables power supply from the internal storage battery or the external storage battery to the electrical load;
Switch control means (60) for controlling opening and closing of the first switch;
Energization determining means (60) for determining an energization state in at least one of the main connection path and the sub connection path in a state where the first switch is controlled to a predetermined open / close state;
Whether or not there is a reverse connection in which the rotating machine is connected to the first terminal and the external storage battery is connected to the second terminal based on the determination result determined by the energization determining unit Connection state determination means (60) for determining
A battery unit comprising: A second switch (52) provided in a path (L2) for connecting the battery connection point and the internal storage battery in the main connection path;
The switch control means controls at least opening and closing of the first switch and the second switch,
The energization determining means determines an energization state in the main connection path in a state where the second switch is closed by the switch control means when no current flows through the rotating machine,
The battery unit according to claim 1, wherein the connection state determination unit determines whether or not the reverse connection occurs based on a determination result of an energization state in the main connection path. The energization determining means determines whether or not current flows through the first switch when the switch control means closes both the first switch and the second switch when no current flows through the rotating machine. To determine the energization state,
The battery unit according to claim 2, wherein the connection state determination unit determines that the reverse connection has occurred when it is determined that no current flows through the first switch. The energization determining unit is configured to determine whether or not current flows in the second switch in a state where the first switch is opened and the second switch is closed by the switch control unit when no current flows in the rotating machine. Determine the energization state depending on whether or not
The battery unit according to claim 2, wherein the connection state determination unit determines that the reverse connection has occurred when it is determined that a current flows through the second switch. A third switch (53) provided in a path (L3) connecting the intermediate point (N2) between the first terminal and the first switch and the third terminal in the sub-connection path;
A fourth switch (54) provided in a path (L4) for connecting the internal storage battery and a connection point (N4) between the third terminal and the third switch in the sub-connection path;
With
The switch control means controls the opening / closing of the first, third and fourth switches, respectively.
When the current is not flowing through the rotating machine, the energization determining unit is configured to open the first switch by the switch control unit and open at least one of the third and fourth switches. The voltage application state in is determined as the energization state in the main connection path,
The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the connection state determination unit determines that the reverse connection occurs when it is determined that a voltage is applied to the first terminal. unit. The energization determining means determines an energization state in the sub-connection path when no current flows through the rotating machine and the electric load is in a state where power is supplied.
The battery unit according to claim 1, wherein the connection state determination unit determines whether or not the reverse connection has occurred based on a determination result of an energization state in the sub-connection path. A third switch (53) provided in a path (L3) connecting the intermediate point (N2) between the first terminal and the first switch and the third terminal in the sub-connection path;
The switch control means controls at least opening and closing of the first switch and the third switch,
The energization determining means opens the first switch by the switch control means when no current flows through the rotating machine and the electric load is supplied with power. With the switch closed, the energized state is determined by whether or not current flows through the third switch,
The battery unit according to claim 6, wherein the connection state determination unit determines that the reverse connection has occurred when it is determined that no current flows through the third switch. A second switch (52) provided in a path (L2) for connecting the battery connection point and the internal storage battery in the main connection path;
A third switch (53) provided in a path (L3) connecting the intermediate point (N2) between the first terminal and the first switch and the third terminal in the sub-connection path;
In the sub-connection path, a path (L4) connecting a connection point (N3) between the internal storage battery and the second switch and a connection point (N4) between the third terminal and the third switch A fourth switch (54) provided;
With
The switch control means controls the opening / closing of the first, second, third and fourth switches, respectively.
The energization determining means closes the first and third switches by the switch control means when no current flows through the rotating machine and the electric load is in a state where power is supplied. With the second and fourth switches open, the energization state is determined according to whether or not current flows through the first switch and the third switch,
The battery unit according to claim 6, wherein the connection state determination unit determines that the reverse connection has occurred when it is determined that current flows through both the first switch and the third switch. A battery unit applied to an in-vehicle power supply system mounted on a vehicle,
9. The power supply determination unit according to claim 6, wherein the power supply determination unit determines the power supply state on condition that the electric load is in a drive state by turning on the in-vehicle power supply system. The battery unit according to claim 1. The rotating machine has a power output function by driving in addition to a power generation function by regeneration,
A second switch (52) provided in a path (L2) for connecting the battery connection point and the internal storage battery in the main connection path;
The switch control means controls at least opening and closing of the first switch and the second switch,
When the driving power is supplied to the rotating machine, the energization determining unit is configured to open the first switch and close the second switch by the switch control unit. Determine the energization state depending on whether or not current flows in
The battery unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the connection state determination unit determines that the reverse connection has occurred when it is determined that no current flows through the second switch.

Images