JP2015001354A - Air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To support heating performance of an air conditioner by operating a heater according to a situation, to thereby perform comfortable heating.SOLUTION: When an ambient temperature is low, while heating with a heater 2 is main heating, an air conditioner 1 performs heating operation. When the ambient temperature is high, the heating operation of the air conditioner 1 is main heating, and the heater 2 performs heating in an auxiliary manner. During the heating operation of the air conditioner 1, the heater 2 is firstly turned off before a room temperature reaches a setting temperature. That is, the heater 2 is turned on for a longer time as the ambient temperature is lower.

Description

  The present invention relates to an air conditioner and an air conditioner that performs heating with a heater.

  In the heating operation of the air conditioner, when the outside air temperature is low, the heating capacity is insufficient. In order to compensate for this lack of capacity, as described in Patent Document 1, a heater is provided as an auxiliary heater. Heating by the heater is performed simultaneously with the heating operation by the refrigeration cycle of the air conditioner at a low outside air temperature. By operating the heater, it is possible to make up for the lack of heating capacity of the air conditioner.

JP 2000-304331 A

  During the heating operation of the air conditioner, the heaters are operated simultaneously, but the heaters are switched on and off so that the heating capacity is not more than necessary. That is, while the air conditioner is performing the heating operation, after the room temperature rises and reaches the set temperature, the compressor of the air conditioner is stopped and the heater is also turned off. When the room temperature decreases, the heater operates together with the air conditioner. When the heater turns on, the room temperature rises too much. For this reason, the compressor and heater of the air conditioner are frequently turned on and off, consuming electric power unnecessarily and not realizing energy saving.

  In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner that can perform comfortable heating by supplementing the heating capacity of the air conditioner by operating the heater according to the situation.

  An air conditioner of the present invention is an air conditioner that includes an air conditioner that drives a compressor to perform an air conditioning operation, and a heater that operates in conjunction with the air conditioner. When the temperature is lower than 1, the heating by the heater is used as the main heating, and the air conditioner performs the heating operation. When the outside air temperature is equal to or higher than the first predetermined temperature, the heating operation of the air conditioner is used as the main heating. Heating by the machine is auxiliary heating.

  When the outside air temperature is lower than the first predetermined temperature (when the outside air temperature is low), since the heating capacity of the air conditioner is low, the heating machine becomes the main and performs heating. When the outside air temperature is equal to or higher than the first predetermined temperature (when the outside air temperature is high), the heating capacity of the air conditioner is also high, so the heater supplements the heating by the air conditioner. In this way, the room temperature rises quickly as the heater supplements the heating according to the situation. The room temperature can be set to the set temperature in a short time, and energy saving can be achieved.

  During the heating operation of the air conditioner, it is preferable that the heater is turned off before the room temperature reaches the set temperature. If it does in this way, after turning off a heater, it will be only heating by an air conditioner, and it can heat, suppressing change of room temperature.

  The stop temperature when the heater is turned off during the heating operation is set according to the outside air temperature, and the difference between the set temperature and the stop temperature is preferably smaller as the outside air temperature is lower. In this way, the lower the outside air temperature is, the more the heater can compensate for the low heating capacity of the air conditioner and the room temperature can be raised faster.

  It is preferable that the air conditioner performs the heating operation in a high efficiency range or a maximum rotation speed of the compressor. In this way, the heating capacity of the air conditioner can be maximized and the room temperature can be quickly raised.

  When the outside air temperature becomes lower than the second predetermined temperature, the air conditioner preferably stops the heating operation, performs the air blowing operation, and causes the heater to operate. The second predetermined temperature is lower than the first predetermined temperature. In this way, when the outside air temperature becomes lower than the predetermined temperature, the air conditioner does not perform the heating operation in order to protect the air conditioner. Therefore, only the heater operates, and heating is performed instead.

  According to the present invention, in addition to heating by an air conditioner, the heater can be used effectively, so that the room temperature can be raised quickly. Thereby, the power consumption at the time of heating can be reduced.

Configuration diagram of the air conditioner of the present invention Schematic configuration diagram of air conditioner refrigeration cycle Control block diagram of air conditioner The figure which shows the stop temperature of the heater for every outside temperature The flowchart which shows the operation | movement at the time of heating of an air conditioning apparatus. The figure which shows the timing of ON / OFF of the heater

  The air conditioning apparatus of 1st Embodiment is shown in FIG. The air conditioner includes an air conditioner 1 and a heater 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the air conditioner 1 is configured by connecting an outdoor unit and an indoor unit by piping and wiring. The outdoor unit includes a compressor 3, a four-way valve 4, an outdoor heat exchanger 5, an expansion device 6, and an outdoor fan 7. The indoor unit includes an indoor heat exchanger 8 and an indoor fan 9. A refrigeration cycle is formed by the compressor 3, the four-way valve 4, the outdoor heat exchanger 5, the expansion device 6, and the indoor heat exchanger 8. Although the expansion valve is used as the expansion device 6, a capillary tube or the like may be used.

  The heater 2 is installed in the same room as the indoor unit. The heater 2 may be provided inside the air conditioner 1. For example, the heater 2 is provided in the ventilation path from the inlet of the air conditioner 1 to the outlet.

  The air conditioner 1 and the heater 2 can communicate with each other, and the heater 2 operates according to an instruction from the air conditioner 1. As shown in FIG. 1A, a repeater 10 is provided between the air conditioner 1 and the heater 2. The repeater 10 is connected to the air conditioner 1 and the heater 2. The repeater 10 has a communication function, and the air conditioner 1 and the heater 2 communicate indirectly via the repeater 10. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 1B, a repeater 10 is connected to the air conditioner 1, a repeater 10a is connected to the heater 2, and each repeater 10, 10a has a wireless or infrared communication function. . Note that the air conditioner 1 and the heater 2 may communicate directly or wirelessly without using the repeater 10.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the air conditioner 1 includes a control device 20 that controls the refrigeration cycle and performs air conditioning operations such as cooling, heating, and dehumidification. The outdoor unit is provided with an outside air temperature detector 21 such as a thermistor, and the indoor unit is provided with a room temperature detector 22 such as a thermistor. The control device 20 rotates the compressor 3, the opening degree of the expansion device 6, the rotation of the outdoor fan 7, the indoor fan based on the temperatures detected by the temperature detectors 21 and 22 according to the designated air conditioning operation. Each of the 9 rotations is controlled.

  Based on the set temperature set by the user or the preset temperature set in the automatic operation mode and the detected room temperature and outside air temperature, the control device 20 determines the rotation speed of the compressor 3 so that the COP becomes high. Then, the rotational speed of the indoor fan 9 is determined in accordance with the rotational speed of the compressor 3. The control device 20 controls the compressor 3 at a determined rotational speed, changes the rotational speed of the compressor 3 in accordance with the room temperature, and based on the rotational speed in accordance with the rotational speed of the compressor 3, the indoor fan 9. To control.

  The heater 2 includes a heater 23 that generates heat when energized, and a drive unit 24 that switches energization to the heater 23. When the drive unit 24 switches the energization to the heater 23, the heater 2 is turned on and off. And in the heating operation mode of the air conditioner, the air conditioner 1 controls the operation of the heater 2 during the heating operation. When the repeater 10 is interposed between the air conditioner 1 and the heater 2, when the control device 20 of the air conditioner 1 outputs a drive signal to the heater 2, the drive signal is transmitted through the repeater 10 to the heater. 2 is transmitted. When receiving the drive signal, the drive unit 24 of the heater 2 switches between energization on and energization off according to the drive signal. In heating by the air conditioner, the control device 20 of the air conditioner 1 turns on the heater 2 simultaneously with the heating operation, and turns off the heater 2 when the room temperature reaches the stop temperature. The heater 2 is turned off earlier than the compressor 3.

  Here, the timing at which the heater 2 is turned off varies depending on the outside air temperature. When the outside air temperature is high, the timing when the heater 2 is turned off is early, and when the outside temperature is low, the timing when the heater 2 is turned off is late. That is, when the outside air temperature is low, the air conditioner 1 performs the heating operation, but the heating by the heater 2 is the main heating. When the outside air temperature is high, the heating operation of the air conditioner 1 is set as main heating, and the heating by the heater 2 is auxiliary heating. When the outside air temperature is lower than, for example, −15 ° C., the air conditioner 1 performs the air blowing operation without performing the heating operation, and only the heater 2 is turned on in order to protect the devices such as the compressor 3.

  The timing at which the heater 2 is turned off is determined according to the outside air temperature, and as shown in FIG. 4, the stop temperature when the heater 2 is turned off is before the room temperature increased by heating reaches the set temperature. . Specifically, the stop temperature is a temperature lower than the set temperature by a predetermined temperature. The predetermined temperature is set to a smaller value as the outside air temperature is lower, and the difference between the set temperature and the stop temperature is smaller as the outside air temperature is lower.

  For example, when the outside air temperature is 10 ° C. or higher, the stop temperature is set to the set temperature −4 ° C. When the outside air temperature is 5 ° C. or higher and lower than 10 ° C., the stop temperature is set to the set temperature −3 ° C. When the outside air temperature is -5 ° C or higher and lower than 5 ° C, the stop temperature is set to the set temperature -2 ° C. When the outside air temperature is −15 ° C. or higher and lower than −5 ° C. (lower than the first predetermined temperature), the stop temperature is set to the set temperature −1 ° C. Note that when the outside air temperature is less than −15 ° C. (less than the second predetermined temperature), only the heater 2 is turned on, so the stop temperature is set to the set temperature. Therefore, when the outside air temperature at which the outside air temperature is regarded as low is less than −5 ° C., the heating capacity of the air conditioner 1 is small, so that the heating by the heater 2 is the main, and the air conditioner 1 is auxiliary heating. When the outside air temperature at which the outside air temperature is considered to be high is −5 ° C. or higher, the heating operation of the air conditioner 1 is main, and the heating by the heater 2 is auxiliary heating. Here, an example of how to determine the first predetermined temperature will be described. The heating capacity of the air conditioner decreases as the outside air temperature decreases. The outside air temperature at which the heating capacity is about 60% is set as the first predetermined temperature. The outside air temperature is roughly around -8 ° C, but in the present embodiment, -5 ° C is given a little margin. The first predetermined temperature can be changed according to the performance of the air conditioner and the area of use.

  Although the stop temperature is set in advance, the stop temperature may be changeable. The user operates the remote controller of the air conditioner 1 to change the stop temperature. Alternatively, the relay 10 is provided with a temperature switching button, and the stop temperature is changed by the user operating the temperature switching button.

  Further, in the heating operation mode in which the air conditioner 1 performs the heating operation and at the same time the heater 2 is turned on, the control device 20 of the air conditioner 1 is configured so that the rotation speed of the compressor 3 is in the high efficiency range. 3 is controlled. The number of revolutions in the high efficiency range is a number of revolutions within a predetermined range including the number of revolutions when the COP has the highest efficiency. When the rotation speed of the compressor 3 is within this range, the air conditioner 1 can perform highly efficient operation.

  FIG. 5 shows the operation when heating is performed by the air conditioner. When the user performs an operation of starting the heating operation mode of the air conditioner 1 with a remote controller or the like, the control device 20 detects the outside air temperature by the outside air temperature detector 21 (S1).

  When the outside air temperature is lower than the second predetermined temperature (−15 ° C.), the control device 20 of the air conditioner 1 performs the air blowing operation while the compressor 3 is stopped, and turns on the heater 2. The air conditioner 1 outputs an on signal to the heater 2, and the heater 2 that has received the on signal is turned on (S2). Heating by the heater 2 is performed, and the room temperature increases. When the air conditioner 1 performs a blowing operation, the control device 20 controls the indoor fan 9 according to the wind speed set by the user. When the wind speed setting is automatic, the control device 20 controls the indoor fan 9 so as to obtain a breeze.

  When the outside air temperature is −15 ° C. or higher, the control device 20 turns on the compressor 3 to start the heating operation, and turns on the heater 2 (S3). Heating by the heater 2 and highly efficient heating operation of the air conditioner 1 are performed. The control device 20 checks the stop temperature of the heater 2 based on the detected outside air temperature and checks the room temperature. When the room temperature at the start of heating is higher than the stop temperature, the heater 2 is not turned on, and only the heating operation of the air conditioner 1 is performed.

  When the room temperature rises and reaches the stop temperature (S4), the control device 20 turns off the heater 2. When the air conditioner outputs an off signal to the heater 2, the heater 2 is turned off (S5). The heating operation of the air conditioner 1 is continued. When the room temperature reaches the set temperature (S6), the control device 20 stops the compressor 3 and performs the air blowing operation (S7).

  When the room temperature falls below the set temperature, the control device 20 of the air conditioner 1 turns on the compressor 3 and restarts the heating operation. When the room temperature falls below the stop temperature, the control device 20 turns on the heater 2. As shown in FIG. 6, the room temperature when the heater 2 is turned on is set to a constant temperature, for example, 0.5 ° C. lower than the stop temperature.

  When the outside air temperature changes during the heating operation of the air conditioner 1, the control device 20 changes the stop temperature according to the outside air temperature. The heater 2 is turned on / off based on the changed stop temperature. When the outside air temperature becomes less than −15 ° C., the control device 20 turns off the compressor 3 and stops the heating operation. At this time, if the heater 2 is turned off, the heater 2 is turned on.

  Moreover, when the air conditioner 1 is heating, the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is frosted. Therefore, the heating operation is stopped and the defrosting operation is performed. During the defrosting operation, the control device 20 repeatedly turns the heater 2 on and off, and operates the heater 2 intermittently. When the defrosting operation is started, the heater 2 is turned on. When a certain time, for example, 3 minutes elapses, the heater 2 is turned off. Further, when a certain time has elapsed, the heater 2 is turned on. Until the defrosting operation is completed, the heater 2 is repeatedly turned on and off. Thereby, the temperature fall during a defrost operation can be prevented. Moreover, it can prevent that room temperature goes up too much by turning on and off the heater 2. FIG.

  As described above, since the room temperature is low when the outside air temperature is low, the on-time of the heater 2 becomes long. Thus, when the heater 2 performs heating mainly, in the situation where the heating capacity of the air conditioner 1 is low, heating by the heater 2 can be greatly utilized, and the room temperature can be raised quickly. On the other hand, when the outside air temperature is high, heating by the heater 2 can be added to the heating capacity of the air conditioner 1 in a situation where the room temperature is low, so that the room temperature can be raised quickly. Therefore, the heater 2 is turned off early, the on-time of the heater 2 is shortened, and the air conditioner 1 performs a highly efficient heating operation, so that energy saving can be achieved. Further, when the room temperature is close to the set temperature, the heater 2 is turned off, so that the room temperature does not rise too much. Therefore, it can suppress that the compressor 3 turns on and off frequently, and can perform stable temperature control.

  When the heater 2 is turned on and the air conditioner 1 performs the heating operation, the compressor 3 may be driven at the maximum number of rotations. By driving the compressor 3 at the maximum number of revolutions, the compressor 3 exhibits its maximum capacity and can be quickly brought into a situation where the compressor 3 is operated with high efficiency. In connection with this, the timing which turns off the heater 2 can be advanced, and energy saving can be aimed at.

  By the way, in order for the air conditioner 1 to operate the heater 2, the air conditioner 1 must recognize that the heater 2 exists. When the heater 2 is connected to the air conditioner 1 via the repeater 10, when the control device 20 of the air conditioner 1 detects that the repeater 10 is connected to the connection terminal, the heater 2 Judge that there is. When the controller 20 recognizes the heater 2, it outputs a drive signal to the heater 2.

  As illustrated in FIG. 1B, when wireless communication is performed between the two repeaters 10 and 10 a, the air conditioner 1 intermittently outputs a drive signal to the heater 2. When the heater 2 is on, the control device 20 of the air conditioner 1 outputs an on signal at regular intervals. For example, an ON signal is output every minute. When the heater 2 is off, the control device 20 outputs an off signal at regular intervals. For example, an off signal is output every 10 minutes. When receiving the drive signal from the air conditioner 1, the heater 2 operates according to the instruction by the last received drive signal until the next drive signal is received. Further, even when the air conditioner 1 and the heater 2 directly perform wireless communication, similarly, a drive signal is periodically output.

  Even when the heater 2 cannot normally receive the drive signal due to noise or the like, the heater 2 can receive the next drive signal by the air conditioner 1 continuously communicating with the heater 2. Therefore, the heater 2 can be reliably controlled according to the heating operation of the air conditioner 1. Further, the output interval of the drive signal when the heater 2 is off is made longer than the output interval when the heater 2 is on, so that power consumption can be reduced.

  As described above, the air conditioner of the present invention includes the air conditioner 1 that drives the compressor 3 to perform an air conditioning operation, and the heater 2 that operates in conjunction with the air conditioner 1, and has an outside air temperature. When the temperature is lower than the first predetermined temperature, the air conditioner 1 performs the heating operation with the heating by the heater 2 as the main heating, and when the outside air temperature is equal to or higher than the first predetermined temperature, the heating operation of the air conditioner 1 is the main heating operation. As heating, heating by the heater 2 is set as auxiliary heating.

  When the outside air temperature is low and the heating capacity of the air conditioner 1 is low, the heater 2 becomes the main and raises the room temperature to near the set temperature. When the outside air temperature is high and the heating capacity of the air conditioner 1 is high, the air conditioner 1 is mainly used for heating, and the heater 2 is turned on when the room temperature is low, such as at the start of operation. Can be raised quickly.

  During the heating operation of the air conditioner 1, the heater 2 is turned off before the room temperature reaches the set temperature. Therefore, in the process in which the room temperature rises, the heater 2 is turned off before the compressor.

  That is, when heating is started, the air conditioner 1 and the heater 2 operate simultaneously, the heater 2 is turned off before the room temperature reaches the set temperature, and the heater 2 is turned off when the outside air temperature is high. The timing is early, and when the outside air temperature is low, the timing when the heater 2 is turned off is late.

  The stop temperature when the heater 2 is turned off during the heating operation is set according to the outside air temperature, and the difference between the set temperature and the stop temperature is smaller as the outside air temperature is lower. Therefore, the heater 2 is turned on longer as the outside air temperature is lower. When the outside temperature is low, the room temperature is also low. It takes time for the room temperature to rise to the stop temperature. Therefore, the ON time of the heater 2 becomes long. When the outside temperature is high, the room temperature is also high, so the room temperature immediately rises to the stop temperature. Therefore, the ON time of the heater 2 is shortened.

  The air conditioner 1 performs the heating operation with the rotation speed of the compressor 3 within a high efficiency range or the maximum rotation speed. The heating capacity of the air conditioner 1 can be maximized, and the room temperature can be raised quickly.

  When the outside air temperature becomes lower than the second predetermined temperature, the heating operation of the air conditioner 1 is stopped. That is, the air conditioner 1 stops the compressor 3, performs a ventilation operation, and the heater 2 operates. If the air conditioner 1 performs the heating operation when the outside air temperature is lower than the second predetermined temperature, it causes a failure. Since the air operation of the air conditioner 1 is possible, the air warmed by the heater 2 can be agitated. As the air blowing operation here, it is assumed that the compressor 3 is stopped and the indoor fan 9 is driven to blow while the heating operation mode is continued. The heating operation mode may be stopped and the air blowing operation mode may be set.

  When the air conditioner 1 performs the defrosting operation, the heater 2 operates intermittently. That is, when the defrosting operation is started, the heater 2 is repeatedly turned on and off at regular intervals. When the heater 2 is turned on, a decrease in room temperature can be prevented. Moreover, it can prevent that room temperature goes up too much by the heater 2 turning off.

  The air conditioner 1 and the heater 2 can be communicated indirectly or directly, and the heater 2 operates according to an instruction from the air conditioner 1. The air conditioner 1 controls on / off of the heater 2 according to room temperature. When the air conditioner 1 starts the heating operation, the heater 2 is turned on by an instruction from the air conditioner 1. When the room temperature reaches the stop temperature, the heater 2 is turned off by an instruction from the air conditioner 1. Commercial equipment can be used without adding a special function to the heater 2.

  A second embodiment will be described. In 1st Embodiment, although the heating operation by the heat pump in the air conditioner 1 and the heating by the heater 2 were used together, since the heating capability of the air conditioner 1 is low when the outside air temperature is low, only the heater 2 is used. It may be activated. And if room temperature goes up by heating of the heater 2, the heater 2 will be turned off and the air conditioner 1 will start heating operation. The air conditioner 1 only needs to raise the room temperature to the set temperature by a small amount, and even if the heating capacity of the air conditioner 1 is low, sufficient heating can be performed.

  A third embodiment will be described. In the first and second embodiments, one heater 2 is used, but the number of heaters 2 is not limited to one, and a plurality of heaters 2 are provided. At this time, the number of heaters 2 to be operated is changed according to the outside air temperature. As the outside air temperature is lower, more heaters 2 are operated. Further, when the plurality of heaters 2 are turned on during the heating operation, the number of heaters 2 that are turned on is decreased as the room temperature rises. For example, the heater 2 is sequentially turned off as the room temperature approaches the stop temperature. Moreover, you may use the heater 2 which can vary the emitted-heat amount. As the room temperature rises, the heating value of the heater 2 is lowered.

  A fourth embodiment will be described. In 1st-3rd embodiment, although the heater 2 is controlled by the air conditioner 1, the heater 2 controls on-off itself. When the air conditioner 1 starts the heating operation, the air conditioner 1 outputs operation start information and outside air temperature information to the heater 2. The heater 2 includes a room temperature detector, and the heater 2 is turned on when receiving these pieces of information. The heater 2 detects the room temperature and automatically turns off when the room temperature reaches the stop temperature.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, Of course, many corrections and changes can be added to the said embodiment within the scope of the present invention. As the heater 2, a heater that uses combustion of gas, kerosene, or the like may be used. In each embodiment, when the room temperature reaches the set temperature, the air conditioner 1 performs the blowing operation, but the blowing operation may not be performed. Moreover, you may provide the heater 2 in an outdoor unit. When the heater 2 warms the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 3, the high-temperature refrigerant can be supplied to the indoor heat exchanger, and the room temperature can be raised quickly.

  During the defrosting operation, the timing for turning on and the timing for turning off the heater 2 are changed according to the room temperature. For example, when the room temperature is high, the time for turning off the heater 2 is lengthened, and when the room temperature is low, the time for turning on the heater 2 is lengthened.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Air conditioner 2 Heater 3 Compressor 4 Four-way valve 5 Outdoor heat exchanger 6 Throttle device 7 Outdoor fan 8 Indoor heat exchanger 9 Indoor fan 10 Relay device 20 Control device 21 Outdoor temperature detector 22 Room temperature detector 23 Heater 24 Drive part

Claims (5)

An air conditioner that includes an air conditioner that performs air-conditioning operation by driving a compressor, and a heater that operates in conjunction with the air conditioner, and the outside air temperature is less than a first predetermined temperature, Heating by the heater is the main heating, the air conditioner performs the heating operation, and when the outside air temperature is equal to or higher than the first predetermined temperature, the heating operation of the air conditioner is the main heating, and the heating by the heater is the auxiliary heating. An air conditioner characterized by that. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the heater is turned off before the room temperature reaches the set temperature during the heating operation of the air conditioner. 3. The air according to claim 2, wherein the stop temperature when the heater is turned off during the heating operation is set according to the outside air temperature, and the difference between the set temperature and the stop temperature is smaller as the outside air temperature is lower. Harmony device. The air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the air conditioner performs a heating operation with a rotation speed of the compressor within a high efficiency range or a maximum rotation speed. The air conditioner stops the heating operation and performs the air blowing operation when the outside air temperature becomes lower than the second predetermined temperature, and the heater operates. Air conditioner.

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