JP2014100065A - Auxiliary power supply device for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an auxiliary power supply device for a vehicle capable of suppressing a fluctuation in output power as a device.SOLUTION: The auxiliary power supply device for a vehicle in an embodiment comprises: an inverter 3 for converting DC power supplied from an overhead line to three-phase AC power; inverter output current detection means 10u, 10w for detecting a current on the AC side of the inverter 3; inverter output voltage detection means 12u, 12v for detecting a voltage on the AC side of the inverter 3; inverter power arithmetic means 812 for computing the output power of the inverter 3; and a power control unit 814 for computing a reference power value Pac* on the basis of an output current to suppress an oscillation on the input side of the inverter 3, and exerting control so that the reference power value Pac* and an output power Pac of the inverter 3 match.

Description

  Embodiments described herein relate generally to a vehicle auxiliary power supply.

  The purpose of the vehicle auxiliary power supply (SIV) is to supply stable electric power to the vehicle. Therefore, it is ideal to keep the amplitude of the output voltage constant under all load conditions. However, the energy generated by the vibration of the air conditioning compressor, which is a pulsating load, appears as the vibration of the input current on the DC side of the inverter, causing a problem of inductive failure. This oscillation of the input current may make the system unstable in some cases, causing problems such as flickering of a fluorescent lamp that is turned on with the power of the auxiliary power supply, and a current trip.

  As a technique for solving such a problem, those described in JP-A-4-340369 (Patent Document 1) and JP-A-2006-325326 (Patent Document 2) are known. In Patent Document 1, flickering of a fluorescent lamp is prevented by generating a voltage control signal having an opposite phase to the pulsation of a load and supplying the signal to an inverter. In this method, vibration on the DC side is suppressed by absorbing vibration energy due to load pulsation on the AC side. As a result, the stability of the system is increased and the fluorescent lamp is less likely to flicker. However, the cause of the flickering of the fluorescent lamp is the fluctuation of the output voltage. In the case of the technique of Patent Document 1, as a result of pulsating the voltage command value, the level of the output voltage cannot be kept constant, and if the load pulsation increases to some extent, flickering of the fluorescent lamp is unavoidable. .

  In Patent Document 2, control is performed to change the frequency according to the ineffective portion of the output current, not the amplitude of the output voltage. The purpose of this is to change the slip of the air-conditioning compressor, which is the induction machine load, to suppress the fluctuation of electric power, and to suppress the fluctuation on the DC side while keeping the output voltage constant. However, simply adjusting the phase by passing the reactive current through the filter is not guaranteed to reduce power.

JP-A-4-340369 JP 2006-325326 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, considering the balance of the input / output power of the inverter while keeping the amplitude of the output voltage of the inverter constant, and as a result, fluctuations in the output power of the device. An object of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary power supply device for a vehicle that can suppress the above-described problem.

  A feature of the embodiment is that an inverter that converts DC power supplied from an overhead wire into three-phase AC power, inverter output current detection means that detects current on the AC side of the inverter, and voltage on the AC side of the inverter Inverter output voltage detecting means for detecting, inverter power calculating means for calculating the output power of the inverter, a power reference value is calculated based on an output current that suppresses vibration on the input side of the inverter, and the power reference value and the inverter It is the auxiliary power supply device for vehicles provided with the electric power control part controlled so that output power of this may correspond.

The circuit diagram of the auxiliary power unit for vehicles of a 1st embodiment. The control block diagram of the control apparatus in the auxiliary power supply device for vehicles of a 1st embodiment. Explanatory drawing of the electric power fluctuation suppression control by the control apparatus in 1st Embodiment. The control block diagram of the control apparatus in the auxiliary power supply device for vehicles of a 2nd embodiment. The control block diagram of the control apparatus in the auxiliary power supply for vehicles of a 3rd embodiment. The equivalent circuit of the auxiliary power device for vehicles in a 3rd embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the auxiliary power supply for a vehicle according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 1, 1 is a filter reactor, 2 is a filter capacitor, 3 is an inverter that converts the DC power of the overhead wire into AC power, and outputs 4u, 4v, and 4w are AC reactors for each phase, and 5u, 5v, and 5w are each An AC capacitor inserted between the phases, 6 is a transformer for transforming the inverter output, 7 is a load such as a fluorescent lamp and an air conditioner, and 8 is a control device for controlling the inverter 3.

  Further, 9 is a voltage sensor for detecting the DC voltage Vdc of the filter capacitor 2, 10u and 10w are current sensors for detecting the output AC currents Iacu and Iacw of the inverter 3, and 11u and 11w are AC capacitor currents flowing through 5u, 5v and 5w. Current sensors for detecting Icu and Icw, and voltage sensors 12u and 12w for detecting AC voltages Vov and Vovw between the phases output from the transformer 6 to the load.

  The control device 8 calculates a gate signal based on the filter capacitor voltage Vdc, the inverter output currents Iacu and Iacw, the output voltages Vouv and Vovw, and the AC capacitor currents Icu and Icv, and controls the inverter 3.

  A detailed configuration of the control device 8 is shown in FIG. In the control device 8 of FIG. 2, reference numeral 800 denotes a phase voltage converter that obtains the phase voltages Vou and Vow from the interphase voltages Vouv and Vovw, 801 a voltage controller, 802 a current controller, 803 a modulation factor calculator, and 804 2 Axis 3 axis coordinate conversion unit, 805 is a gate signal calculation unit, 806 is a 3 axis 2 axis coordinate conversion unit, 807 is a 3 axis 2 axis coordinate conversion unit, 808 is a low pass filter (LPF), 809 is an integration operation unit, 810 is It is an electric power change amount calculating part.

  In this power change amount calculation unit 810, 811 is an inverter output voltage calculation unit, 812 is an active power calculation unit, 813 is a high-pass filter (HPF), 814 is an active power control unit, and 815 is an adder.

  In this control device 8, in order to perform the control with the rotation coordinates (dq coordinates), the output voltages Vouv and Vovw and the AC capacitor currents Icu and Icw are converted into the rotation coordinates by the three-axis biaxial coordinate conversion units 806 and 807, respectively. . The converted voltage signals Vod and Voq are input to the voltage control unit 801, and the converted current signals Icd and Icq are input to the current control unit 802. The voltage control unit 801 compares the converted voltage signals Vod and Voq with the voltage command values Vdref and Vqref to obtain current command values Idref and Iqref, and outputs them to the current control unit 802. The current control unit 802 compares the converted current signals Icd and Icq with the current command values Idref and Iqref, and calculates post-control voltage command values Vd * and Vq *.

  Thereafter, the modulation factor calculation unit 803 of the control device 8 calculates the modulation factors VdAL and VqAL of the post-control voltage command values Vd * and Vq * with respect to the DC voltage VdcF input from the LPF 808, and the biaxial triaxial conversion unit. Output to 804. The biaxial triaxial coordinate conversion unit 804 obtains triaxial voltage commands Vu, Vv, and Vw by performing biaxial triaxial conversion based on a phase φ calculated by a power change amount control unit 810, which will be described later. Output. The gate signal calculation unit 805 calculates and outputs a gate signal.

  A feature of the present embodiment is a control method of the power change amount control unit 810, which performs control to suppress vibration of the input current on the DC side while keeping the amplitude of the output voltage constant. The principle of this control will be described with reference to FIG.

  The AC side power Pac is determined by the inner product of the inverter output voltage vector Vac and the inverter output current vector Iac as shown in equation (1).

ただし、φをこれらの電流、電圧ベクトルの位相差である。

Where φ is the phase difference between these current and voltage vectors.

  In order to prevent flickering of the fluorescent lamp, it is necessary to keep the magnitude of the output voltage vector constant. The magnitude and phase of the inverter output current vector fluctuate under the influence of a pulsating load such as an air conditioning compressor. As a result, the power on the AC side of the inverter fluctuates. The fluctuation of the electric power is transmitted to the direct current side, causing the input current to oscillate, causing an induction failure.

  Therefore, the following control is performed to keep the output voltage vector constant. Control is performed to change the phase difference φ so as to suppress the amount of change in the power vector Pac in accordance with the change in the inverter output current vector Vac. In the present embodiment, this control is executed by the power change amount control unit 810.

  First, the inverter voltage calculation unit 811 calculates the inverter output voltages Vacu and Vacw for each phase from the phase output voltages Vou and Vow. Then, the power calculation unit 812 calculates power from the inverter output voltages Vacu, Vacw of each phase and the inverter output currents Iacu, Iacw of each phase. The calculation formula is calculated by formula (2).

ただし、

However,

次にハイパスフィルタ（ＨＰＦ）８１３を用いて計算された電力の変動Ｐａｃ’を抽出し、有効電力制御部８１４で電力がゼロになるように位相差φを計算する。この演算は、ＰＩまたはＰＩＤで行う。計算された位相差φは加算器８１５にてインバータ３の位相θと加算し、２軸３軸座標変換部８０４に入力する。

Next, the fluctuation Pac ′ of the power calculated using the high pass filter (HPF) 813 is extracted, and the phase difference φ is calculated by the active power control unit 814 so that the power becomes zero. This calculation is performed by PI or PID. The calculated phase difference φ is added to the phase θ of the inverter 3 by the adder 815 and input to the biaxial triaxial coordinate conversion unit 804.

  The 2-axis 3-axis coordinate conversion unit 804 of the control device 8 calculates the three-phase voltage command values Vu, Vv, Vw using this θ + φ. The gate signal calculation unit 805 calculates a gate signal based on these signals and performs inverter control.

  Thus, according to the auxiliary power supply device of the present embodiment, power change amount control section 810 changes phase difference φ so as to suppress the change amount of power vector Pac according to the change of inverter output voltage vector Vac. Take control. As a result, the output voltage vector can be kept constant, and even when the magnitude and phase of the output current vector of the inverter 3 fluctuate due to the influence of a pulsating load such as a compressor of an air conditioner, Power fluctuation can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to prevent flickering of the fluorescent lamp caused by power fluctuation on the AC side of the inverter 3.

[Second Embodiment]
A vehicle auxiliary power supply according to a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The overall configuration of the auxiliary power supply for a vehicle according to the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and is shown in FIG. The configuration of the control device 8 is the same as that in the first embodiment, but there is a slight change in the configuration of the power change amount control unit 810A. In the case of the first embodiment, a high-pass filter (HPF) 813 is used for the power change amount control unit 810. In the case of this embodiment, a band-pass filter (BPF) 813A is used instead of the HPF 813. Yes. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  In power change amount control section 810A of control device 8 in the present embodiment, BPF 813A extracts a component of a specific frequency band of the power change amount. Then, similarly to the first embodiment, control is performed to suppress fluctuations in power only around the resonant frequency component by the filter reactor 1 and the filter capacitor 2 on the DC side. As a result, fluctuations on the DC side can be suppressed without changing the responsiveness of other frequency regions.

[Third Embodiment]
A vehicle auxiliary power supply according to a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the case of the present embodiment, the power control calculation unit 810B in the control device 8 does not perform the control to suppress the power change amount like the power change amount control unit 810 in the first embodiment, but rather the DC side attenuation. It is characterized by controlling the power so as to improve the characteristics. In FIG. 5, the same components as those of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  The principle of power control in this embodiment will be described below.

  First, because the input and output of the inverter balances,

直流側の電力Ｐｄｃおよび交流側の電力Ｐａｃは次のように計算できる。

The DC side power Pdc and the AC side power Pac can be calculated as follows.

車両用補助電源装置の目的は、出力電圧を一定にするため、負荷変動がない状態では、定電力特性が強い。（４）式からわかるように、インバータ入力電圧Ｖｄｃが低下すると、電力を一定にするためにインバータ入力電流Ｉｄｃが増える。従って、補助電源装置のインバータ３は非線形特性をもつ。これを解析するために、（４）式をＰｄｃ０、Ｖｄｃ０周辺で線形化する。

The purpose of the vehicular auxiliary power supply device is to maintain a constant power characteristic in a state where there is no load fluctuation in order to make the output voltage constant. As can be seen from the equation (4), when the inverter input voltage Vdc decreases, the inverter input current Idc increases in order to keep the power constant. Therefore, the inverter 3 of the auxiliary power supply device has non-linear characteristics. In order to analyze this, the equation (4) is linearized around Pdc0 and Vdc0.

（６）式の右辺第一項は出力による電流、第二項は電圧変動による電流と考えられる。また、第二項は、電圧から電流への関係をもつため、その係数は抵抗相当である。

The first term on the right side of the equation (6) is considered to be current due to output, and the second term is regarded as current due to voltage fluctuation. In addition, since the second term has a relationship from voltage to current, the coefficient is equivalent to resistance.

（７）式からわかるように、この抵抗は負の値をもつので補助電源装置の安定度を悪化させる。特に出力が大きい（負荷が大きい）、またはインバータ入力が低下したときに不安定になりやすい。これを解決するため、（６）式の第一項である出力電流を適切に操作して振動を抑える必要がある。

As can be seen from the equation (7), since this resistance has a negative value, the stability of the auxiliary power supply device is deteriorated. In particular, it tends to become unstable when the output is large (the load is large) or when the inverter input drops. In order to solve this, it is necessary to appropriately control the output current which is the first term of the equation (6) to suppress vibration.

  FIG. 6 shows an equivalent circuit of the auxiliary power supply device. In FIG. 6, the transfer function up to the input voltage Es and the input current Is is

安定化条件は、（８）式の右辺の分母のすべての係数が正になることである。つまり、次の（９）式、（１０）式の条件を満たす等価負荷の抵抗ＲｘとＬｘを計算する必要がある。

The stabilization condition is that all the coefficients of the denominator on the right side of equation (8) are positive. That is, it is necessary to calculate the equivalent load resistances Rx and Lx that satisfy the following equations (9) and (10).

等価負荷の抵抗分は出力電力から計算できる。

The equivalent load resistance can be calculated from the output power.

すると安定化条件は次のようになる。

Then, the stabilization conditions are as follows.

等価負荷が、

Equivalent load is

になるような入力側の等価出力電流Ｉａｃ’は、

The equivalent output current Iac ′ on the input side such that

である。その電力は、

It is. The power is

である。これを電力制御部８１４の入力とし、実の電力Ｐａｃが理想の入力電力と一致するように、出力電圧ベクトルを一定に保ちながら電流ベクトルとの位相差φを変える。

It is. This is input to the power control unit 814, and the phase difference φ with the current vector is changed while keeping the output voltage vector constant so that the actual power Pac matches the ideal input power.

  Thereby, according to the present embodiment, the power control calculation unit 810B in the control device 8 performs power control so as to improve the attenuation characteristic on the DC side, whereby the output power vector can be kept constant.

  As described above, according to the embodiments of the present invention, while keeping the amplitude of the output voltage of the inverter constant, the balance of the input / output power of the inverter is taken into consideration, and as a result, the fluctuation of the output power of the power supply apparatus is suppressed. be able to.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and appropriate modifications of components, changes in combinations, and deletion can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

1: Filter reactor 2: Filter capacitor 3: Inverters 4u, 4v, 4w: AC reactors 5u, 5v, 5w: AC capacitor 6: Transformer 7: Load 8: Controller 9: Voltage sensor (for filter capacitor voltage)
10u, 10w: Current sensor (for inverter output current)
11u, 11w: Current sensor (for AC capacitor current)
12u, 12w: Voltage sensor (for output current)
800: Phase voltage converter 801: Voltage controller 802: Current controller 803: Modulation rate calculator 804: Coordinate converter 805: Gate signal calculator 806: Coordinate converter 807: Coordinate converter 808: Low pass filter (LPF)
808A: Band pass filter (BPF)
809: Integration calculation units 810, 810A, 810B: Power change amount calculation unit 811: Inverter output voltage calculation unit 812: Power calculation unit 813: High pass filter (HPF)
814: Power control unit 815: Adder 816: Attenuation characteristic calculation unit

Claims (1)

An inverter that converts DC power supplied from an overhead wire into three-phase AC power;
Inverter output current detection means for detecting the current on the AC side of the inverter;
Inverter output voltage detection means for detecting the AC side voltage of the inverter;
Inverter power calculating means for calculating output power of the inverter;
A power control unit that calculates a power reference value based on an output current that suppresses vibration on the input side of the inverter and controls the power reference value and the output power of the inverter to coincide with each other is provided. Auxiliary power supply device for vehicles.

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