JP2014145372A - 車両の電動制動装置 - Google Patents
車両の電動制動装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】マウント部材MTBは、第1、第2締結部材TK1、TK2によって、支持部材(ナックル)NKLに固定され、キャリパCPRは、第1、第2ガイド部材GD1、GD2によって、マウント部材MTBに取り付けられる。電気モータのモータ軸線Jmtと、押圧部材PSNを押圧するシャフト部材の軸線Jsfとは異なる。電気モータがキャリパCPRに固定される。第1ガイド部材GD1の軸線方向から見たとき、モータ軸線Jmtが、GD1、GD2、TK1、TK2のそれぞれの軸線Jgd1、Jgd2、Jtk1、Jtk2の位置を4隅とする、軸線Jgd1に垂直な締結四角形(Mtk、四角形G-H-L-K)の内部に位置し、且つ、締結四角形(Mtk)の平面に直交する。
【選択図】図7
Description
図1は、本発明の実施形態に係る電動制動装置の車両への搭載状態を示す。電動制動装置は、運転者の制動操作部材(例えば、ブレーキペダル)の操作量に応じて、車輪に制動トルクを与えることによって車輪制動力を発生し、走行中の車両を減速する。図1において、蓄電池(バッテリ)BATは、制動手段(ブレーキアクチュエータ)BRK、及び、電子制御ユニットECUに電力を供給する。BATは、車体BDYに設けられる(固定される)。BATは、ECU、及び、電力線PWLを介して、電気モータMTRを駆動する駆動手段(駆動回路)DRVに電力を供給する。
制御手段CTLは、目標押圧力演算ブロックFBT、指示通電量演算ブロックIST、押圧力フィードバック制御ブロックIPT、及び、通電量調整演算ブロックIMTにて構成される。制御手段(制御プログラム)CTLは、電子制御ユニットECU内にプログラムされている。
制動手段BRKは、ブレーキキャリパ(浮動型キャリパ)CPR、電気モータ(ブラシモータ、又は、ブラシレスモータ)MTR、駆動手段(MTRの駆動回路)DRV、減速機GSK、シャフト部材SFT、ねじ部材NJB、押圧部材(ブレーキピストン)PSN、位置検出手段MKA、通電量取得手段IMA、及び、押圧力取得手段FBAにて構成されている。
図3は、電気モータMTRとして、ブラシ付モータ(単に、ブラシモータともいう)が採用される場合の駆動手段(駆動回路)DRVの一例である。ブラシ付モータは、整流子電動機(Commutator Motor)とも称呼され、該電気モータでは、電機子(巻線による電磁石)に流れる電流が、機械的整流子(コミュテータ)CMT、及び、ブラシBLCによって、回転位相に応じて切り替えられる。即ち、整流子CMT、及び、ブラシBLCによって、機械的な回転スイッチが構成され、巻線回路への電流が交互に反転される。ブラシ付モータでは、固定子(ステータ)側が永久磁石で、回転子(ロータ)側が巻線回路(電磁石)で構成される。そして、巻線回路(回転子)に電力が供給されるように、ブラシBLCが整流子CMTに当接されている。ブラシBLCは、ばね(弾性体)によって、整流子CMTに押し付けられ、CMTが回転することにより電流が転流される。
図4は、電気モータMTRがブラシレスモータ(3相ブラシレスモータ)である場合の駆動手段(駆動回路)DRVの一例である。ブラシレスモータは、無整流子電動機(ブラシレスDCモータ:Brushless Direct Current Motor)とも称呼され、該電気モータでは、ブラシ付モータの機械式整流子CMTに代えて、電子回路によって電流の転流が行われる。ブラシレスモータでは、回転子(ロータ)が永久磁石に、固定子(ステータ)が巻線回路(電磁石)とされる構造で、ロータの回転位置Mkaが検出され、Mkaに合わせてスイッチング素子が切り替えられることによって、供給電流が転流される。回転子の位置Mkaは、電気モータMTRの内部に設けられる位置取得手段MKAによって検出される。
次に、図5を参照しながら、ブレーキアクチュエータBRKのキャリパCPRにおける駆動回路DRVの電子部品(スイッチング素子S1等)の配置について説明する。ここで、DRVは、図3に示すブラシ付モータ、及び、π型ローパスフィルタLPFpが採用される場合に対応している。
次に、図6を参照しながら、コネクタCNCの配置について説明する。相対的に質量の大きい電子部品と同様に、コネクタCNCについても、上述した振動的に有利な空間(ガイド空間Kgd、Kgdm)、且つ、キャリパCPRの表面に配置(固定)され得る。ここで、コネクタ(Connector)とは、電子回路、通信等において、配線を接続するために用いられる電気的に連絡可能とする、接続器(中継部材)のことである。配線が、はんだ接着、又は、圧着等で接続される場合、配線の分断には、その切断が必要となり、再接続は困難となる。しかし、配線にコネクタが使用される場合、配線の分断が必要な際に、コネクタを介し、容易に繰り返し脱着することが可能となる。コネクタは、電気信号、及び、電力を伝える金属製端子(コンタクトピン)が、それらを取り囲む樹脂製絶縁体(インシュレータ)に固定されて構成される。コネクタでは、凸形状の雄側コネクタと、凹形状の雌側コネクタがペアとして用いられる。
以上、相対的に質量が大きい電子部品(S1等)、及び、コネクタCNCの配置について説明した。次に、図7を参照しながら、電気モータMTR、及び、押圧部材PSNの配置(即ち、ガイド軸Jgd1、Jgd2、シャフト軸Jsf(押圧軸Jps)、及び、モータ軸Jmtの幾何的関係)について説明する。図7は、第1、第2ガイド部材(スライドピン)GD1、GD2、及び、第1、第2締結部材(例えば、ボルト)TK1、TK2によって取り付けられる、キャリパCPR、マウント部材MTB、支持部材NKL、及び、ハブベアリングユニットHBUを、回転部材KTBの回転軸Jktの方向に見た状態を示している。点Gが第1ガイド部材GD1の軸(第1ガイド軸)Jgd1、点Hが第2ガイド部材GD2の軸(第2ガイド軸)Jgd2に相当する。同様に、点Kが第1締結部材(第1締結ボルト)TK1の軸(第1締結軸)Jtk1、点Lが第2締結部材(第2締結ボルト)TK2の軸(第2締結軸)Jtk2に相当する。Jgd1(点H)とJgd2(点G)とを結ぶ直線H-Gが、ガイド面Mgdに相当する。
次に、図8を参照しながら、押圧力取得手段FBA、位置取得手段MKA、及び、モータブラシBLCの配置について説明する。これらの構成要素についても、上述した電子部品と同様に、振動的に有利な空間(Kgd、Kgdm)の内部、且つ、キャリパCPRの内部に配置(固定)される。
以下、本発明の実施形態の作用・効果について、図9、及び、図10を参照しながら説明する。
Claims (2)
- 車両の車輪に固定された回転部材に、電気モータを介して摩擦部材を押圧し、前記車輪の制動トルクを発生させる車両の電動制動装置であって、
前記車輪を支持する支持部材に固定されるマウント部材と、
前記マウント部材に固定される、軸線を有する第1のガイド部材と、
前記第1のガイド部材とは異なる位置で前記マウント部材に固定される、前記第1のガイド部材の軸線と平行な軸線を有する第2のガイド部材と、
前記第1、第2のガイド部材に支持され、前記第1、第2のガイド部材の軸線方向において前記第1、第2のガイド部材に対して相対移動可能なキャリパと、
前記マウント部材を前記支持部材に固定する、前記第1のガイド部材の軸線と平行な軸線を有する第1の締結部材と、
前記第1の締結部材とは異なる位置で前記マウント部材を前記支持部材に固定する、前記第1のガイド部材の軸線と平行な軸線を有する第2の締結部材と、
前記電気モータによって、前記電気モータの回転軸線であるモータ軸線とは異なるシャフト軸線のまわりに回転駆動されるシャフト部材と、
前記シャフト軸線のまわりの前記シャフト部材の回転運動を、前記回転部材に対する前記摩擦部材の直線運動に変換する変換部材と、
を備え、
前記電気モータが前記キャリパに固定され、
前記モータ軸線が、
前記第1のガイド部材の軸線方向から見たときに、前記第1のガイド部材の軸線、前記第2のガイド部材の軸線、前記第1の締結部材の軸線、及び、前記第2の締結部材の軸線のそれぞれの位置を4隅とする、前記第1のガイド部材の軸線に垂直な平面を有する四角形である締結四角形の内部に位置し、且つ、前記締結四角形の平面に直交する、車両の電動制動装置。 - 請求項1に記載の車両の電動制動装置において、
前記シャフト軸線は、前記モータ軸線と平行である、車両の電動制動装置。
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PCT/JP2014/051627 WO2014115866A1 (ja) | 2013-01-25 | 2014-01-27 | 車両の電動制動装置 |
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JP6443354B2 (ja) * | 2016-01-22 | 2018-12-26 | 株式会社アドヴィックス | 車両の電動制動装置 |
JP2019043177A (ja) * | 2017-08-29 | 2019-03-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両用インホイールモータ駆動装置 |
DE102018211239A1 (de) * | 2018-07-07 | 2020-01-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines Elektromotors für eine elektrische Bremseinrichtung |
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