JP2014062723A - Ventilation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve a ventilation device preventing heat loss through ventilation by heat recovery from waste-heat, performing sufficient ventilation while saving heating and cooling energy, and preventing dew condensation and freezing in a fan in a cold district.SOLUTION: A ventilation device 10 stores heat of indoor air in a heat storage element 14 during an exhaust operation of a fan 15 and applies heat stored in the heat storage element 14 to outdoor air during an air supply operation of the fan 15. The ventilation device 10 includes: a housing 13 which is a hollow cylindrical body, has air supply and exhaust through holes 11 and 12 formed on both side surfaces in a longitudinal direction, and has one side opened indoors 41 and the other side opened outdoors 40; the heat storage element 14 provided on the outdoors 40 side in the housing 13; the fan 15 provided on the indoors 41 side in the housing 13; and a temperature sensor 18 which is provided in the fan 15 or in the vicinity so as to detect a temperature in the housing 13. When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 18 is lower than a first set temperature, the air supply operation of the fan 15 is stopped.

Description

  The present invention relates to a ventilator that includes a fan for supplying and exhausting air and exhausts the air indoors while accumulating the heat of the indoor air in the heat storage element, and supplies the air indoors while giving the heat accumulated in the heat storage element to the outdoor air. Is.

  In modern buildings and office buildings such as condominiums and office buildings, the conventional ventilation system through windows exhausts the indoor air and causes the outdoor cold air and hot air to flow when the outdoor air flows into the indoor air. Since the air flows into the room as it is, especially when the temperature difference between the outside and the room increases depending on the season, the room temperature fluctuates greatly and the comfort is impaired, which causes a problem from the viewpoint of energy saving.

  In order to solve such problems, ventilators that ventilate while collecting cool air or hot air when exhausting indoor air have been conventionally used.

  FIG. 3 is a configuration explanatory view showing an example of such a conventional ventilation device. In FIG. 3, the ventilator 100 shows a cross section passing through the central axis of the cylindrical body.

  In the ventilating apparatus 100, the housing 13 is a hollow cylindrical body, and the exhaust through holes 11 and the air supply through holes 12 are formed on both side surfaces in the longitudinal direction. The hole 12 opens indoors.

  In the housing 13, a heat storage element 14 is provided on the outdoor side (exhaust through hole 11 side), and a fan 15 is provided on the indoor side.

The heat storage element 14 is provided with a large number of small-diameter through holes (hereinafter referred to as pores) 141 through which the air flow passes in the cylindrical axial direction of the housing 13 to increase the surface area of contact with the air flow to exchange heat. Increases efficiency. Further, since a porous ceramic of aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ) is used as the material of the heat storage element 14, both heat and moisture can be accumulated. Although not shown, the heat storage element 14 is provided with cuts at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the housing to reduce diffusion of heat and moisture in the axial direction.

  The fan 15 is driven by a DC motor (not shown) capable of forward / reverse drive using a center-tapped field such as a split-field series motor, and an air supply control line 171 and an exhaust control line 172 thereof. The control unit 16 is connected to the indoor wall or the like via the common line 170.

  A control voltage that changes at a constant time period is output from the control unit 16 to the air supply control line 171 and the exhaust control line 172. When a control voltage −15 V or 15 V is simultaneously applied to the air supply control line 171 of the fan 15 and 0 V is applied to the exhaust control line 172 from the control unit 16, the fan 15 rotates in the air supply direction, and the air supply control line 171. When the control voltage is 0 V and the exhaust control line 172 is simultaneously applied with 15 V or −15 V, the fan 15 rotates in the exhaust direction.

  In the case where two ventilation devices 100A and 100B are combined to perform the air supply operation and the exhaust operation alternately, while the other ventilation device 100A performs the air supply operation, the other ventilation device 100B performs the exhaust operation. The air supply control line of the ventilator 100A is connected to the air supply control output terminal of the control unit 16, and the exhaust control line of the ventilator 100A is connected to the exhaust control output terminal of the control unit 16. The air supply control line of the device 100B is connected to the exhaust control output terminal of the control unit 16, and the exhaust control line of the ventilation device 100A is connected to the air supply control output terminal of the control unit 16.

  FIG. 4 is an operation explanatory diagram for explaining the operation when two ventilation devices of FIG. 3 are used in combination.

  In the two ventilators 100A and 100B having the configuration of FIG. 3, the exhaust through holes 11A and 11B are on the outdoor side and the air supply through holes 12A and 12B are on the indoor side on the outer walls 42A and 42B separating the indoor and the outdoor respectively. It is attached to become. The arrows in the figure indicate the air flow generated in the room when the ventilators 100A and 100B are operated, and the air flow in the direction of the arrow indicated by the solid line and the air flow in the direction of the arrow indicated by the broken line are It occurs alternately at a constant time interval (for example, 70 seconds) set at 16 (FIG. 3).

  When the ventilator 100A performs an air supply operation, the rotation direction of the fan 15A sucks the air in the outdoor 40 and discharges it to the indoor 41 by the control voltage (−15V) applied to the air supply control line 171 of the fan 15A. On the other hand, the ventilation device 100B is exhausted because the same control voltage is applied to the exhaust control line 172 of the fan 15B, and the rotation direction of the fan 15B sucks the air in the indoor 41 and goes to the outdoor 40. It is driven to exhale. As a result, an air flow is generated in the direction of the arrow indicated by the solid line in the room, and ventilation is performed. At this time, the indoor air drawn by the fan 15B from the air supply through hole 12B flows into each pore 141 (FIG. 3) of the heat storage element 14B, and accumulates the heat and moisture of the room air in the heat storage element 14B. 40 is exhausted.

  When the ventilator 100A switches to the exhaust operation according to a fixed time period set by the control unit 16, the rotation direction of the fan 15A is set to the indoor 41 by the control voltage (15V) applied to the exhaust control line 172 of the fan 15A. Ventilator 100B is switched to an air supply operation, while being driven to suck in air and discharge it outdoors 40, and control voltage (15V) applied to air supply control line 171 of fan 15B causes fan 15B to The rotation direction is driven so that the air in the outdoor 40 is sucked and discharged into the indoor 41. As a result, ventilation is performed by generating an air flow in the direction of the dashed arrow in the room. At this time, the indoor air drawn in by the fan 15A from the air supply through hole 12A flows into the respective pores 141 of the heat storage element 14A of the ventilation device 100A, and accumulates the heat and moisture of the room air in the heat storage element 14A. 40 is exhausted. In addition, outdoor air drawn by the fan 15B from the exhaust through-hole 11B flows into each pore 141 of the heat storage element 14B of the ventilation device B, and adds heat and moisture accumulated in the heat storage element 14B during the exhaust operation. It is supplied indoors while being done. Thereafter, ventilation is performed while heat and moisture are collected by alternately repeating the same operation.

  According to the above drying equipment, ventilation can be performed while collecting heat in the winter, and ventilation can be performed while collecting cool air in the summer, thus preventing the loss of heat caused by ventilation and saving heating and cooling energy. Can do.

In addition, since a porous oxide ceramic made of aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ) is used as a heat storage element having a moisture storage function, it has excellent heat exchange efficiency and good reproducibility, so it is accurate and stable. And robust. Maintenance is easy because of its long life.

  In addition, if a dust filter is used in combination, allergies such as hay fever can be prevented.

  The technique as described above is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example.

  In addition, some use charcoal or the like as a heat storage element (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

  West German Patent Application No. 3613942   Special table 2007-51085 gazette

  However, when the above ventilator is used in a cold region in winter, condensation may occur in the housing, which may freeze and generate fan noise. If the freezing further proceeds, there is a possibility that a failure may occur due to a fan stop or the like.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve such problems. The object of the present invention is to provide sufficient ventilation while preventing heat loss due to ventilation and saving heating and cooling energy by recovering heat from exhaust heat. It is to realize a ventilation device that prevents condensation and freezing of a fan in a cold region.

In order to achieve such a problem, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention accumulates heat of room air in the heat storage element during the exhaust operation of the fan, and accumulates in the heat storage element during the air supply operation of the fan. In a ventilator that gives outdoor heat
It is a hollow cylindrical body, air supply and exhaust through holes are formed on both side surfaces in the longitudinal direction, one housing opens indoors and the other opens outdoors,
A heat storage element provided on the outdoor side in the housing;
A fan provided on the indoor side in the housing;
A temperature sensor that is provided in or near the fan and detects the temperature in the housing;
With
The air supply operation of the fan is stopped when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is lower than a first set temperature.

The invention according to claim 2
The ventilator according to claim 1,
The plurality of ventilators perform an air supply operation and an exhaust operation alternately every predetermined time.

The invention described in claim 3
The ventilator according to claim 1 or 2,
The temperature sensor includes a thermostat, and based on a thermostat contact output, the air supply operation is stopped when the temperature is lower than the first set temperature, and the air supply operation is started when the temperature is higher than the second set temperature. It is characterized by.

The invention according to claim 4
The ventilator according to claim 1 or 2,
Comparing means for inputting the output of the temperature sensor, and a switch that is turned on / off by the output of the comparing means, the supply operation is stopped by the switch when the temperature is lower than the first set temperature, and the second The air supply operation is started when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature.

The invention according to claim 5
The ventilator according to claim 1 or 2,
After the air supply operation is stopped, the air supply operation is started after a predetermined time has elapsed.

The invention described in claim 6
The ventilator according to claims 1 to 5,
The heat storage element has a moisture storage function in addition to the heat storage function, and exhausts the heat and humidity of the indoor air to the heat storage element while exhausting it outdoors, while giving heat and moisture accumulated in the heat storage element to the outdoor air It is characterized by supplying air into the room.

The invention described in claim 7
The ventilator according to claim 6,
The heat storage element is made of a porous ceramic.

The invention described in claim 8
The ventilator according to claim 7,
The porous ceramic is made of aluminum oxide.

The present invention has the following effects.
In other words, it is possible to realize a ventilator that prevents heat loss due to ventilation by recovering heat from exhaust heat, provides sufficient ventilation while saving heating and cooling energy, and prevents fan condensation and freezing in cold regions. it can.

  It is composition explanatory drawing which showed one Example of the ventilator which concerns on this invention.   It is composition explanatory drawing which showed the other Example of the ventilation apparatus which concerns on this invention.   It is composition explanatory drawing which shows an example of the conventional ventilation apparatus.   It is operation | movement explanatory drawing for demonstrating operation | movement when combining two apparatuses of FIG.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration explanatory view showing an embodiment of a ventilation device according to the present invention. A duplicate description of the same parts as in FIG. 3 is omitted.

  In FIG. 1, a thermostat 18 is attached on or near the fan 15 in the housing 13 of the ventilation device 10 to measure the temperature in the housing 13. The contact point of the thermostat 18 is connected to the air supply control line 171 so that the line can be opened and closed. Due to its hysteresis characteristics, the thermostat 18 is open (off) when the detected temperature is lower than 5 ° C. (first set temperature). When it is higher than 12 degrees (second set temperature), it is closed (on).

  The operation of the ventilator having such a configuration will be described below in the case where two units are combined and used in a low temperature environment in a cold region as in FIG.

  When the power source (not shown) of the control unit 16 is turned on, the pair of ventilation devices alternately perform the air supply operation and the exhaust operation every certain time (70 seconds) set by the control unit 16. When the outside air temperature decreases and the temperature around the fan 15 in the housing 13 of the ventilation device 10 becomes 5 ° C. or less, the contact of the thermostat 18 is turned off. As a result, the air supply control line 171 is opened, so that the air supply control voltage (−15V) is not applied to the fan during the air supply operation, and the fan 15 stops. At this time, the ventilation device 10 indicates the stop of the air supply operation by an LED display (not shown). Thereafter, when time elapses and the ventilator 10 is switched to the exhaust operation by the control voltage (15 V) applied to the exhaust control line 172, the fan 15 of the ventilator 10 rotates in the exhaust direction, and the heat storage element 14 has an indoor space. Air heat and moisture accumulate. If the temperature around the fan 15 is 12 ° C. or higher after switching to the air supply operation after one or more exhaust operations, the contact of the thermostat 18 is turned on again, and the air supply control line 171 is closed. As a result, the air supply control voltage (−15V) is applied to the fan 15, so that the air supply operation is resumed and reflected in the LED display.

  According to the ventilator configured as described above, when the temperature in the vicinity of the fan is lowered to a certain degree in a cold region, the fan is stopped to prevent further temperature drop, thereby causing condensation, freezing, and noise caused by the fan. And can prevent malfunction. Therefore, by recovering heat from exhaust heat, it is possible to realize a ventilator that prevents heat loss due to ventilation, provides sufficient ventilation while saving heating and cooling energy, and prevents fan condensation and freezing in cold regions. it can.

  Further, even when the outside air temperature is extremely low, the room temperature is not greatly lowered by the supply air, so that the room can be kept comfortable and a winter blood injury accident due to a heat shock can be prevented.

  In addition, since no duct is required, the power consumption of the ventilation fan can be kept low, and it can be installed directly on the side wall of the building, so that the installation cost can be reduced.

  In addition, since the thermostat is provided on the indoor side of the heat storage element, it is advantageous in terms of wiring cost and maintenance cost, and can be easily and inexpensively added to an existing ventilation device.

  Further, chattering does not occur due to the hysteresis characteristic of the thermostat, so that stable ventilation can be performed.

  In the above embodiment, the supply control line 171 is closed (on) when the temperature detected by the thermostat becomes higher than the second set temperature after the fan stops. The air supply control line 171 may be closed (on) when a predetermined time (for example, 12 minutes) elapses due to the timer.

  Further, the combination of the ventilation devices for switching between the air supply operation and the exhaust operation is not limited to the one-to-one in FIG. Combinations of devices are possible. In this case, thermostats may be provided on both air supply control lines of the combined ventilator, or when the north wind is particularly strong, the thermostat may be provided only on one side, for example, only on the north ventilator.

  The set temperature is not limited to 5 ° C. and 12 ° C., and any temperature effective for preventing freezing can be used.

  Further, the switching cycle between the air supply operation and the exhaust operation is not limited to 70 seconds, and an arbitrary time in consideration of the external environment and indoor comfort may be set.

  Further, the control voltage output from the control unit is not limited to 15V or -15V, and any value suitable for the motor specifications can be used. For example, the air supply control voltage and the exhaust control voltage may be the same voltage.

  Moreover, in said Example, although the thermal storage element was equipped with both the thermal storage function and the moisture storage function, you may use what provided only the matured function.

  FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the ventilating apparatus according to the present invention, and is a configuration explanatory view showing a case where a temperature sensor such as a resistance temperature detector, a thermocouple, or a thermistor is used instead of a thermostat. A duplicate description of the same parts as in FIG.

  In the ventilation device 20 of FIG. 2, the temperature sensor 21 is attached on or near the fan 15. The output of the temperature sensor 21 is connected to one input of the comparator 22 and compared with a signal (not shown) corresponding to a predetermined set temperature given to the other input of the comparator 22. The output of the comparator 22 generated as a result of the comparison turns the changeover switch 23 on and off. The comparator 22 and the changeover switch 23 are provided on the same printed board 24. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.

  The comparator 22 has a hysteresis characteristic by a well-known circuit technique. When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 21 is lower than 5 ° C. (first set temperature), the changeover switch 23 is turned off by the output of the comparator 22. When the detected temperature is higher than 12 ° C. (second set temperature), the changeover switch 23 is turned on. Other operations, effects, and modifications are the same as in FIG.

  The temperature sensor 21 may be disposed on the printed board 24.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and modifications, and includes many changes and modifications without departing from the essence thereof.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10, 20 Ventilator 11, 12 Supply / exhaust through-hole 13 Housing 14 Thermal storage element 15 Fan 18, 21 Temperature sensor 22 Comparison means 40 Outdoor 41 Indoor

Claims (8)

In the ventilator that accumulates the heat of the indoor air in the heat storage element during the exhaust operation of the fan, and gives the heat accumulated in the heat storage element to the outdoor air during the air supply operation of the fan,
It is a hollow cylindrical body, air supply and exhaust through holes are formed on both side surfaces in the longitudinal direction, one housing opens indoors and the other opens outdoors,
A heat storage element provided on the outdoor side in the housing;
A fan provided on the indoor side in the housing;
A temperature sensor that is provided in or near the fan and detects the temperature in the housing;
With
A ventilating apparatus characterized in that when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is lower than a first set temperature, the air supply operation of the fan is stopped.   The ventilator according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of ventilators alternately perform an air supply operation and an exhaust operation every predetermined time.   The temperature sensor includes a thermostat, and based on a thermostat contact output, the air supply operation is stopped when the temperature is lower than the first set temperature, and the air supply operation is started when the temperature is higher than the second set temperature. The ventilator according to claim 1 or 2.   Comparing means for inputting the output of the temperature sensor, and a switch that is turned on / off by the output of the comparing means, the supply operation is stopped by the switch when the temperature is lower than the first set temperature, and the second The ventilation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the air supply operation is started when the temperature is higher than the set temperature.   The ventilation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the air supply operation is started after a predetermined time has elapsed after the air supply operation is stopped.   The heat storage element has a moisture storage function in addition to the heat storage function, and exhausts the heat and humidity of the indoor air to the heat storage element while exhausting it outdoors, while giving heat and moisture accumulated in the heat storage element to the outdoor air The ventilation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein air is supplied into the room.   The ventilation device according to claim 6, wherein the heat storage element is made of a porous ceramic.   The ventilation apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the porous ceramic is made of aluminum oxide.

Images