JP2014054644A - Rolling processing method of hollow material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rolling processing method of a hollow material capable of accurately executing rolling processing to a general hollow material.SOLUTION: A hard ball group 2 composed of a plurality of hard balls 1 is stored in a through-hole K of the hollow material W2 having the through-hole K communicating with two end part openings, and tools 3A and 3B are inserted from the two end part openings, and the hollow material W2 is positioned while pressurizing the hard ball group 2 by the two tools 3A and 3B, and an outer peripheral surface of the hollow material W2 is rolled by pressing tooth-shaped processing surfaces 4' and 5' of rolling dies 4 and 5 to an outer peripheral surface of the hollow material W2, and a hollow rolling finished article is manufactured by taking out the hard ball group 2 from the through-hole K after rolling.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for rolling a hollow material.

  Unlike cutting, rolling, which applies pressure to the material to plastically process the metal, does not waste the material, and the work product is condensed by the compressive force at the time of rolling, increasing the product strength. It is one of the excellent processing methods. For example, it is suitable when forming a gear on the surface of a member or forming a spline.

  Here, with reference to FIG. 6, a method for rolling the surface of the solid material will be outlined. 6a is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which a solid material is sandwiched between upper and lower rolling dies and pressure is applied, FIG. 6b is a sectional view taken along line bb of FIG. 6a, and FIG. It is sectional drawing of goods.

  As shown in FIGS. 6a and 6b, the upper and lower rolling dies D1 and D2 have tooth profile surfaces T and T, respectively. While gripping the solid material W1 with the upper and lower tooth profile surfaces T, T and pressing it with a predetermined pressure P1, the upper and lower rolling dies D1, D2 are in opposite directions (X1 direction and X2 direction, respectively). Slide. By this slide, the solid material W1 rotates (Y direction) in a posture pressed between the tooth profile surfaces T and T, and a desired tooth profile is rolled on the outer peripheral surface of the solid material W1 in the process of rotation. A processed product W1 ′ as shown by 6c is processed.

  Depending on the rigidity and dimensions of the solid material W1, the tooth profile to be rolled, the tooth profile and pitch of the tooth profile surface T, the pressure P1 applied by the rolling dies D1 and D2 during rolling, and rolling A desired tooth profile can be rolled on the outer peripheral surface of the solid material W1 while plastically deforming the solid material W1 by adjusting the slide speed of the dies D1 and D2 as desired. In addition, Patent Document 1 discloses a rolling method for forming a tooth profile on the outer peripheral surface of a solid material by rolling.

  By the way, the workpiece to be rolled includes not only the solid material described above but also a hollow material such as a metal square tube or a circular tube. Thus, a method for rolling the hollow material and performing tooth profile processing on the outer peripheral surface thereof will be outlined with reference to FIG. 7a is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which a hollow material is sandwiched between upper and lower rolling dies and pressure is applied, and FIG. 7b is a sectional view taken along line bb of FIG. 7a.

  As shown in FIGS. 7a and 7b, the upper and lower rolling dies D1 and D2 are held while holding the hollow material W2 with the tooth profile surfaces T and T of the upper and lower rolling dies D1 and D2 and pressing them with a predetermined pressure P1. The processing method of sliding in opposite directions (X1 direction and X2 direction, respectively) is the same as the case of rolling the solid material shown in FIG. However, when the hollow material W2 is pressed between the tooth profile surfaces T, T by this slide, the material is elastically deformed (deformation δ) by the pressure P1 applied because the hollow material W2 has the hollow K inside. Its shape tends to collapse. Since the hollow material W2 is crushed and escapes at the pressure P1 applied in this way, the application of the desired pressure, which is the premise of the rolling process, to the workpiece becomes insufficient, and as a result, a desired tooth profile is formed on the workpiece surface. Difficult to process. If the pressure applied from the rolling die to the workpiece is excessively increased in consideration of elastic deformation, there is a risk that the hollow material will be brittlely broken while being elastically deformed, and it is difficult to adjust the pressure.

  An apparatus for forming a tooth profile on the surface of a hollow material by rolling is disclosed in Patent Document 2. In this apparatus, the deformation prevention wall is left in the hollow of the hollow material, and when the pressure is applied from the rolling die as described above, the hollow material is rolled without elastic deformation. Is guaranteed.

  Since this device is premised on leaving a deformation prevention wall in the hollow of the hollow material to be processed, it is caused by the elastic deformation as described above for a general hollow material not having such a deformation prevention wall. Therefore, it is not possible to realize an accurate rolling process without causing defective machining.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-230928 JP 2003-202025 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for rolling a hollow material that can accurately roll a general hollow material.

  In order to achieve the above object, the rolling method of the hollow material according to the present invention accommodates a hard ball group consisting of a plurality of hard balls in the through hole of the hollow material provided with a through hole communicating with the two end openings, The jig is inserted from the two end openings, the hollow material is positioned while pressing the hard ball group with the two jigs, and the tooth profile surface of the rolling die is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the hollow material. The outer peripheral surface is rolled, and after rolling, a group of hard balls is taken out from the through hole to produce a hollow rolled product.

  The rolling method of the present invention is a method in which the object to be processed is, for example, a metal hollow material (circular pipe, pipe), and a tooth shape or a spline is processed by rolling on the outer peripheral surface of the hollow material. In this rolling method, when a pressure is applied by a rolling die, a group of hard balls made of a large number of hard balls is accommodated in the through hole of the hollow material, and elastic deformation occurs when pressure is applied to the hollow material from the outside. The rolling process is performed while applying pressure with a rolling die.

  Here, the “hard sphere” is a sphere having a hardness capable of preventing the hollow material from being elastically deformed inward with respect to the pressure applied to the hollow material, and therefore the hardness of the hard sphere is given. It is set according to the pressure etc. Examples of the hard sphere material include metals such as iron and steel, ceramics, and cemented carbide.

  Further, the hard balls constituting the hard ball group may be applied with the same diameter, or may be applied with a plurality of different diameters, and when the hard ball group is accommodated in the through hole of the hollow material. In addition, it is preferable to set the size and the number so as to make the inside of the hollow as dense as possible.

  When the hard ball group is accommodated in the through hole of the hollow material, a jig is inserted into the through hole from the two end openings of the hollow material, and pressure is applied to the hard ball group by pushing both jigs. When pressure is applied from the outside, the state is set so as not to be crushed toward the through hole.

  Further, in the state where the hard ball group in the through hole of the hollow material is pressed by the two jigs, the hollow material itself is positioned by the two jigs, and the process proceeds to the next rolling process. Preparation is complete.

  The jig includes a bearing mechanism and is slidable. The jig is configured to apply a predetermined pressure to the hard ball group while sliding with an actuator such as a motor, a hydraulic cylinder mechanism, or an air cylinder mechanism. This “predetermined pressure” refers to a reaction force equivalent to the pressure from the rolling die when the pressure is applied to the hollow material from the rolling die and the rolling die is rolled. It is the pressure which restrains a hard ball group so that it can give to the die making side.

  Next, the tooth profile processing surface of the rolling die is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the hollow material to roll the outer peripheral surface of the hollow material.

  In this rolling process, the hollow material is elastically deformed inward by the pressure applied from the rolling die because the hard ball group restrained by applying pressure to the through hole is accommodated in the hollow material. Therefore, a desired pressure can be applied to the outer peripheral surface of the hollow material, and the tooth profile of the tooth profile processing surface of the rolling die can be precisely rolled.

  When the rolling process is completed, the rolling die is removed, the pressure applied to the jig is released, the jig is removed from the end opening of the hollow material, and the hard ball group is taken out from the through tube and hollow rolled. A processed product is manufactured.

  Thus, since the hard ball group is accommodated in the through hole, the hard ball group can be taken out from the through hole after the rolling process very easily.

  As can be understood from the above description, according to the method for rolling a hollow material according to the present invention, the rolling process of the hollow material can be performed by improving the manufacturing method of storing the hard ball group in the through hole when the hollow material is rolled. In this case, a desired tooth profile or spline can be precisely rolled on the outer peripheral surface of the hollow member without elastically deforming the hollow member against the pressure received from the rolling die. Further, when rolling, the hard ball group can be easily accommodated in the through hole of the hollow material, and after rolling, the hard ball group can be easily taken out from the through hole, so that the rolling process has a good material yield. In addition to the benefits, high manufacturing efficiency can also be expected.

(A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hollow material which is a process target of the rolling processing method of this invention, (b) is a bb arrow line view of FIG. 1a. It is the figure explaining the outline | summary of the rolling processing apparatus, and the state by which the hard ball group was accommodated in the through-hole of the hollow material. It is the figure explaining the state which is giving the pressure to the hard ball group with two jigs. It is a figure explaining the state which is implementing the rolling process. It is a VV arrow line view of FIG. It is the figure explaining the conventional rolling processing method which made solid material the object of processing, and (a) is a vertical section explaining the state where the solid material was inserted between the upper and lower rolling dies and pressure was given. It is a top view, (b) is bb sectional drawing of FIG. 6a, (c) is sectional drawing of the manufactured workpiece. It is the figure explaining the conventional rolling method for hollow material processing object, Comprising: (a) The longitudinal section explaining the state where the solid material was inserted | pinched with the upper and lower rolling dies, and the pressure was provided. It is a figure, (b) is bb sectional drawing of FIG. 7a.

Hereinafter, a method for rolling a hollow material according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(Embodiment of roll material rolling method)
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a processing target, FIG. 1 a is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, and FIG. 1 b is a view taken along the line bb in FIG. Moreover, FIGS. 2-4 is the flowchart explaining the rolling processing method of the hollow material of this invention in the order, FIG. 5 is a VV arrow line view of FIG. More specifically, FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an outline of the rolling processing apparatus, and a diagram illustrating a state in which the hard ball group is accommodated in the through hole of the hollow material, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a state in which pressure is applied to the group, and FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a state in which a rolling process is performed.

  The workpiece to be rolled is a metal hollow member W2 having a through hole K as shown in FIG. 1, and has two end openings K1 and K2 that the through pipe K faces to the outside.

  A tooth profile and a spline are processed on the outer peripheral surface of the hollow member W2 shown in FIG. 1 by rolling based on the flowcharts shown in FIGS.

  First, a rolling process is performed by the rolling apparatus 10 shown in FIG. This rolling processing apparatus 10 includes two jigs 3A and 3B for positioning the hollow material W2 while pressing the hard ball group 2 accommodated in the through hole K of the hollow material W2 through the two end openings K1 and K2. And rolling dies 4 and 5 for pressing the tooth profile processing surfaces 4 'and 5' to the outer peripheral surface of the hollow member W2 to perform rolling processing (shape transfer) of a desired tooth profile or spline.

  Each of the jigs 3A and 3B has a plurality of bearings housed in the case, and has bearing mechanisms 3Aa and 3Ba through which the rods behind the jig pass and are slidable in the horizontal direction (see FIG. 2 in the Z1 direction), and is slidable by an actuator such as a servo motor (not shown) or a hydraulic cylinder via bearing mechanisms 3Aa and 3Ba.

  First, the hard ball group 2 composed of a large number of hard balls 1 is accommodated in the through hole K of the hollow material W2. Here, the hard sphere 1 is a sphere having a hardness capable of preventing the hollow member W2 from being elastically deformed inward by the pressure applied to the outer peripheral surface of the hollow member W2 during rolling. It is formed from a metal such as iron or steel having a hardness corresponding to the applied pressure, ceramics, cemented carbide, or the like. In addition, the hard balls 1 constituting the hard ball group 2 may have the same diameter, or may have a plurality of different diameters. The hard ball group 2 is inserted into the through hole K of the hollow material W2. The hard ball group 2 is provided with hard balls 1 having a size and a number so that the inside of the through hole K can be made as dense as possible.

  As a method for accommodating the hard ball group 2 in the through tube K, in addition to the method of sequentially housing the hard ball 1 in the through hole K, the hard ball group 2 is accommodated in a bag, and the bag containing the hard ball group is contained. May be accommodated in the through hole K. According to this method, the hardball group can be inserted and discharged at the end of discharge (easily inserted and discharged), and the hardball group can be replaced, stored and maintained. It becomes good.

  When the hard ball group 2 is accommodated in the through hole K of the hollow material W2, as shown in FIG. 3, the actuator (not shown) is driven to slide the jigs 3A and 3B to the hard ball group 2 side (Z1 ′ direction). The tips of 3A and 3B are made to enter the through holes K from the end openings K1 and K2 to come into contact with the hard ball group 2, and the hard ball group 2 is pressurized from the left and right with a predetermined pressure P2. Here, regarding the predetermined pressure P2 applied to the hard ball group 2, when the rolling process is performed by applying pressure from the rolling dies 4 and 5 to the hollow material W2, the rolling dies 4 and 5 are applied. This is a pressure that restrains the hard ball group 2 so that a reaction force equivalent to the pressure from the hard ball group 2 can be applied to the rolling dies 4 and 5 side. Further, the pressure is such that the hollow material W2 is not elastically deformed when pressure is applied to the hollow material W2 from the inner through hole K to the outside.

  If the force to expand the hollow material W2 by pressurization of the hard ball group 2 from the inside to the outside is too large, the hollow material W2 is elastically deformed radially outward, and overrolling (into the tooth profile of the tooth profile processing surface) (The meat part on the outer periphery of the hollow material enters and completely rolls after filling the tooth profile, so that the surface pressure on the rolling die may rise rapidly and the rolling die may be damaged.) The outbreak is feared. Therefore, it is necessary to have the above-mentioned “pressure that does not elastically deform the hollow material”.

  By pressing the hard ball group 2 from the left and right, the left and right positioning of the hollow material W2 that accommodates the hard ball group 2 and the vertical positioning of the core L in the longitudinal direction of the hollow material W2 through the management center line are performed.

  While maintaining the state where the hard ball group 2 is pressurized from the left and right as described above, the rolling dies 4 and 5 are moved up and down until they contact the outer peripheral surface of the hollow material W2, as shown in FIG. The tooth profile processing surfaces 4 ′ and 5 ′ of the rolling dies 4 and 5 are pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the hollow material W2 with a predetermined pressure P1.

  The pressure P1 applied from the outside of the hollow material W2 and the pressure applied from the inside of the hollow material W2 via the hard ball group 2 by the pressurization P2 of the jig are balanced. When the pressure P1 is received from the rolling dies 4 and 5, the hollow material W2 can be maintained in the state in which the initial positioning posture is maintained without elastically deforming both inside and outside.

  Then, the tooth forms provided on the respective tooth profile processing surfaces 4 ′ and 5 ′ are pressed by the pressure applied from the rolling dies 4 and 5, and the upper rolling dies 4 slide to the right as shown in FIG. X1 direction), the lower rolling die 5 slides to the left (X2 direction), so that the hollow material W2 rotates about the core L clockwise (Y direction), and in this rotation process, the tooth profile surface 4 ′ The tooth profile provided with 5 'is transferred and the rolling process is performed.

  According to the rolling processing method of the present invention, a rolling die is formed during the rolling process by applying a pressure from the inner side of the hollow material W2 toward the radially outer side by the hard ball group 2 during the rolling process. The hollow material W2 is prevented from being elastically deformed inward by the pressure P1 received from the rollers 4 and 5, so that the tooth profile and the like of the rolling dies 4 and 5 can be precisely rolled onto the outer peripheral surface of the hollow material W2. .

  When the rolling process is completed, the rolling dies 4 and 5 are lifted and moved away from the hollow material W2, and the jigs 3A and 3B are also slid away from the hollow material W2 to roll a hollow rolled product (not shown). Remove from device 10.

  And the manufacture of a hollow rolling processed product is completed by taking out the hard ball group 2 in the through-hole of a hollow rolled processed product.

  Since the hard ball group is housed in the through hole, regardless of whether the hard ball group is housed in the bag or not, the hard ball group from the through hole after the rolling process Is very easy to remove.

  In addition, the rolling method of the present invention adds that the hard ball group 2 is accommodated in the through hole K of the hollow material W2 before the rolling process, compared to the conventional rolling method of the hollow material. Since the manufacturing method is improved, the general hollow material W2 can be precisely rolled without increasing the manufacturing cost.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and there are design changes and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. They are also included in the present invention.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hard ball, 2 ... Hard ball group, 3A, 3B ... Jig, 3Aa, 3Ba ... Bearing mechanism, 4, 5 ... Rolling die, 4 ', 5' ... Tooth profile processing surface, 10 ... Rolling processing apparatus, W1 ... Solid material (work), W2 ... Hollow material (work), K ... Through hole (hollow), K1, K2 ... End opening, L ... Core

Claims (1)

A hard ball group consisting of a plurality of hard balls is accommodated in the through hole of the hollow material having a through hole communicating with the two end openings,
Insert a jig through the two end openings and position the hollow material while pressing the hard ball group with the two jigs.
Rolling the outer peripheral surface of the hollow material by pressing the tooth profile surface of the rolling die against the outer peripheral surface of the hollow material,
A hollow material rolling method for producing a hollow rolled product by removing a group of hard balls from a through hole after rolling.

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