JP2014045179A - 発光素子 - Google Patents
発光素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014045179A JP2014045179A JP2013156525A JP2013156525A JP2014045179A JP 2014045179 A JP2014045179 A JP 2014045179A JP 2013156525 A JP2013156525 A JP 2013156525A JP 2013156525 A JP2013156525 A JP 2013156525A JP 2014045179 A JP2014045179 A JP 2014045179A
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- Prior art keywords
- light
- emitting element
- layer
- abbreviation
- excited state
- Prior art date
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 238
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims description 124
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 71
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 abstract description 158
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 37
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
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- YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubrene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C11)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
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- DHDHJYNTEFLIHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=NC2=C1C=CC1=C(C=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CN=C21 DHDHJYNTEFLIHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- HXWWMGJBPGRWRS-CMDGGOBGSA-N 4- -2-tert-butyl-6- -4h-pyran Chemical compound O1C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(=C(C#N)C#N)C=C1\C=C\C1=CC(C(CCN2CCC3(C)C)(C)C)=C2C3=C1 HXWWMGJBPGRWRS-CMDGGOBGSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- LNNMKLNCLINVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-[3-[6-(3-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)pyrimidin-4-yl]phenyl]carbazole Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC(C=2C=C(N=CN=2)C=2C=CC=C(C=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)=CC=C1 LNNMKLNCLINVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- GQVWHWAWLPCBHB-UHFFFAOYSA-L beryllium;benzo[h]quinolin-10-olate Chemical compound [Be+2].C1=CC=NC2=C3C([O-])=CC=CC3=CC=C21.C1=CC=NC2=C3C([O-])=CC=CC3=CC=C21 GQVWHWAWLPCBHB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
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- SPDPTFAJSFKAMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n-[4-[4-(n-[4-(3-methyl-n-(3-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]anilino)phenyl]phenyl]-4-n,4-n-bis(3-methylphenyl)-1-n-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 SPDPTFAJSFKAMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MKAQNAJLIITRHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3-dibenzothiophen-4-ylphenyl)phenanthro[9,10-b]pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=NC(C=4C=CC=C(C=4)C4=C5SC=6C(C5=CC=C4)=CC=CC=6)=CN=C3C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 MKAQNAJLIITRHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZVFQEOPUXVPSLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-phenyl-5-(4-phenylphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1C(N1C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NN=C1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=C1 ZVFQEOPUXVPSLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-[4-(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)phenyl]carbazole Chemical group C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=C1 VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Cs+] XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002189 fluorescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
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- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005019 vapor deposition process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000001637 1-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- GJWBRYKOJMOBHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,9-dimethyl-n-[4-(9-phenylcarbazol-3-yl)phenyl]-n-(4-phenylphenyl)fluoren-2-amine Chemical compound C1=C2C(C)(C)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1C=C2C3=CC=CC=C3N(C=3C=CC=CC=3)C2=CC=1)C(C=C1)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 GJWBRYKOJMOBHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- UHXOHPVVEHBKKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,2-diphenylethenyl)-4-[4-(2,2-diphenylethenyl)phenyl]benzene Chemical group C=1C=C(C=2C=CC(C=C(C=3C=CC=CC=3)C=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)C=CC=1C=C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 UHXOHPVVEHBKKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XOYZGLGJSAZOAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,1-n,4-n-triphenyl-4-n-[4-[4-(n-[4-(n-phenylanilino)phenyl]anilino)phenyl]phenyl]benzene-1,4-diamine Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 XOYZGLGJSAZOAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IYZMXHQDXZKNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,1-n-diphenyl-4-n,4-n-bis[4-(n-phenylanilino)phenyl]benzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 IYZMXHQDXZKNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UOCMXZLNHQBBOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenol zinc Chemical compound [Zn].Oc1ccccc1-c1nc2ccccc2o1.Oc1ccccc1-c1nc2ccccc2o1 UOCMXZLNHQBBOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FQJQNLKWTRGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-5-[3-[5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1C1=NN=C(C=2C=C(C=CC=2)C=2OC(=NN=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C(C)(C)C)O1 FQJQNLKWTRGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- CINYXYWQPZSTOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-[3,5-bis(3-pyridin-3-ylphenyl)phenyl]phenyl]pyridine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC(C=2C=C(C=CC=2)C=2C=C(C=C(C=2)C=2C=C(C=CC=2)C=2C=NC=CC=2)C=2C=C(C=CC=2)C=2C=NC=CC=2)=C1 CINYXYWQPZSTOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VDHOGVHFPFGPIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-[3-[5-(3-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)pyridin-3-yl]phenyl]carbazole Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC(C=2C=NC=C(C=2)C=2C=CC=C(C=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)=CC=C1 VDHOGVHFPFGPIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VUMVABVDHWICAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-phenyl-N-[4-[4-[N-(9,9'-spirobi[fluorene]-2-yl)anilino]phenyl]phenyl]-9,9'-spirobi[fluorene]-2-amine Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=C2C3(C4=CC=CC=C4C4=CC=CC=C43)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=C3C4(C5=CC=CC=C5C5=CC=CC=C54)C4=CC=CC=C4C3=CC=2)C=C1 VUMVABVDHWICAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(n-naphthalen-1-ylanilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)C=C1 IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003449 rhenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SEEPANYCNGTZFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfadiazine Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=NC=CC=N1 SEEPANYCNGTZFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C21 IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGNWTBMOAKPKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(=O)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C1=O UGNWTBMOAKPKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052722 tritium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000707 wrist Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- CJGUQZGGEUNPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)phenolate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2S1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2S1 CJGUQZGGEUNPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GWDUZCIBPDVBJM-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3h-1,3-benzothiazole-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OC1=CC=CC=C1C1(C([O-])=O)SC2=CC=CC=C2N1.OC1=CC=CC=C1C1(C([O-])=O)SC2=CC=CC=C2N1 GWDUZCIBPDVBJM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QEPMORHSGFRDLW-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3h-1,3-benzoxazole-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OC1=CC=CC=C1C1(C([O-])=O)OC2=CC=CC=C2N1.OC1=CC=CC=C1C1(C([O-])=O)OC2=CC=CC=C2N1 QEPMORHSGFRDLW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HTPBWAPZAJWXKY-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;quinolin-8-olate Chemical compound [Zn+2].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 HTPBWAPZAJWXKY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】熱活性化遅延蛍光体と蛍光を発する材料と、を混合して用いた発光素子を提供する。ここで熱活性化遅延蛍光体は熱活性化により三重項励起状態(T1)から逆項間交差により一重項励起状態(S1)を生成できる材料をいい、1種の材料から構成されてもよいが、2種の材料の励起錯体(エキサイプレックス)を用いると特に好ましい。蛍光を発する材料のS1準位の吸収のうち最も長波長側の吸収帯に、熱活性化遅延蛍光体の発光スペクトルを重ねることによって、熱活性化遅延蛍光体のS1のエネルギーを、蛍光を発する材料のS1へ移動させることができる。また、熱活性化遅延蛍光体のT1準位のエネルギーの一部から、熱活性化遅延蛍光体のS1を生成し、蛍光を発する材料のS1へ移動させることもできる。
【選択図】図2
Description
熱活性化遅延蛍光体と、蛍光を発する材料と、を混合して用いた発光素子では、以下のようなエネルギーの過程を辿って発光が起こる。
(1−2)蛍光を発する材料の励起状態が三重項励起状態のとき。:熱失活する。
熱活性化遅延蛍光体の一重項励起状態の準位が、蛍光を発する材料の一重項励起状態の準位よりも高い場合、熱活性化遅延蛍光体から、蛍光を発する材料に励起エネルギーが移動し、蛍光を発する材料が一重項励起状態となる。一重項励起状態となった蛍光を発する材料は蛍光を発する。なお、熱活性化遅延蛍光体の一重項励起状態の準位から、蛍光を発する材料の三重項励起状態の準位へのエネルギー移動は、蛍光を発する材料における一重項基底状態から三重項励起状態への直接遷移が禁制であることから、主たるエネルギー移動過程になりにくいため、ここでは省略する。つまり、下記式(2−1)の通り、熱活性化遅延蛍光体の一重項励起状態(1H*)から、蛍光を発する材料の一重項励起状態(1G*)へのエネルギー移動が重要である(式中、1Gは蛍光を発する材料の一重項基底状態、1Hは熱活性化遅延蛍光体の一重項基底状態を表す)。
熱活性化遅延蛍光体の一重項励起状態の準位が蛍光を発する材料の一重項励起状態の準位よりも高い場合、下記の過程を辿って発光が起こる。まず、熱活性化遅延蛍光体の三重項励起状態の準位から逆項間交差によって、熱活性化遅延蛍光体の一重項励起状態の準位に励起エネルギーが移動する。その後熱活性化遅延蛍光体の一重項励起状態の準位から蛍光を発する材料の一重項励起状態の準位に励起エネルギーが移動し、蛍光を発する材料が一重項励起状態となる。一重項励起状態となった蛍光を発する材料は蛍光を発する。
本実施の形態では実施の形態1で説明した発光素子の詳細な構造の例について図1を用いて以下に説明する。
本実施の形態では、実施の形態1又は実施の形態2に記載の発光素子を照明装置として用いる例を、図3を参照しながら説明する。図3(B)は照明装置の上面図、図3(A)は図3(B)におけるe−f断面図である。
本実施の形態では、図4を用いて実施の形態1又は実施の形態2に記載の発光素子を適用して作製したパッシブマトリクス型の発光装置について説明する。図4(A)は、発光装置を示す斜視図、図4(B)は図4(A)をX−Yで切断した断面図である。図4において、基板951上には、電極952と電極956との間にはEL層955が設けられている。電極952の端部は絶縁層953で覆われている。そして、絶縁層953上には隔壁層954が設けられている。隔壁層954の側壁は、基板面に近くなるに伴って、一方の側壁と他方の側壁との間隔が狭くなっていくような傾斜を有する。つまり、隔壁層954の短辺方向の断面は、台形状であり、底辺(絶縁層953の面方向と同様の方向を向き、絶縁層953と接する辺)の方が上辺(絶縁層953の面方向と同様の方向を向き、絶縁層953と接しない辺)よりも短い。このように、隔壁層954を設けることで、静電気等に起因した発光素子の不良を防ぐことが出来る。また、パッシブマトリクス型の発光装置においても、実施の形態1又は実施の形態2に記載の発光素子を有することによって、発光効率が高く、消費電力の小さい照明装置とすることができる。
本実施の形態では、実施の形態1又は実施の形態2に記載の発光素子を適用して作製されたアクティブマトリックス型の発光装置について図5を用いて説明する。
本実施の形態では、実施の形態1又は実施の形態2に記載の発光素子をその一部に含む電子機器の例について説明する。実施の形態1又は実施の形態2に記載の発光素子は発光効率が高く、消費電力が低減された発光素子である。その結果、本実施の形態に記載の電子機器は、消費電力が低減された発光部を有する電子機器とすることが可能である。
まず、ガラス基板1100上に、酸化珪素を含むインジウム錫酸化物(ITSO)をスパッタリング法にて成膜し、陽極として機能する第1の電極1101を形成した。なお、その膜厚は110nmとし、電極面積は2mm×2mmとした(図11参照)。
比較発光素子1の発光層1113は、2mDBTPDBq−II(略称)およびルブレンを共蒸着することで形成した。ここで、2mDBTPDBq−II(略称)およびルブレンの重量比は、1:0.01(=2mDBTPDBq−II:ルブレン)となるように調節した。また、発光層1113の膜厚は30nmとした。発光層1113以外は、発光素子1と同様に作製した。
まず、発光素子1と同様の材料および条件で、ガラス基板1100上に、第1の電極1101、正孔注入層1111、および正孔輸送層1112を形成した。
比較発光素子2の発光層1113は、4,6mCzP2Pm(略称)およびルブレンを共蒸着することで形成した。ここで、4,6mCzP2Pmおよびルブレンの重量比は、1:0.005(=4,6mCzP2Pm:ルブレン)となるように調節した。また、発光層1113の膜厚は40nmとした。発光層1113以外は、発光素子2と同様に作製した。
まず、発光素子1と同様の材料および条件で、ガラス基板1100上に、第1の電極1101、正孔注入層1111、および正孔輸送層1112を形成した。
比較発光素子3の発光層1113は、4,6mCzP2Pm(略称)およびクマリン6を共蒸着することで形成した。ここで、4,6mCzP2Pmおよびクマリン6の重量比は、1:0.005(=4,6mCzP2Pm:クマリン6)となるように調節した。また、発光層1113の膜厚は40nmとした。発光層1113以外は、発光素子3と同様に作製した。
まず、発光素子1と同様の材料および条件で、ガラス基板1100上に、第1の電極1101、正孔注入層1111、および正孔輸送層1112を形成した。
比較発光素子3の発光層1113は、4,6mCzP2Pm(略称)およびDCJTB(略称)を共蒸着することで形成した。ここで、4,6mCzP2PmおよびDCJTBの重量比は、1:0.005(=4,6mCzP2Pm:DCJTB)となるように調節した。また、発光層1113の膜厚は40nmとした。発光層1113以外は、発光素子4と同様に作製した。
102 電極
103 EL層
111 正孔注入層
112 正孔輸送層
113 発光層
113A 発光物質
113D 熱活性化遅延蛍光体
113D1 有機化合物
113D2 有機化合物
114 電子輸送層
115 電子注入層
400 基板
401 電極
402 補助電極
403 EL層
404 電極
405 シール材
406 シール材
407 封止基板
412 パッド
420 ICチップ
951 基板
952 電極
953 絶縁層
954 隔壁層
955 EL層
956 電極
1001 基板
1002 下地絶縁膜
1003 ゲート絶縁膜
1006 ゲート電極
1007 ゲート電極
1008 ゲート電極
1020 層間絶縁膜
1021 層間絶縁膜
1022 電極
1024R 電極
1024G 電極
1024B 電極
1024W 電極
1025 隔壁
1028 EL層
1029 電極
1031 封止基板
1032a シール材
1032b シール材
1033 基材
1034B 着色層
1034G 着色層
1034R 着色層
1036 オーバーコート層
1037 層間絶縁膜
1040 画素部
1041 駆動回路部
1042 周辺部
1044B 発光領域
1044G 発光領域
1044R 発光領域
1044W 発光領域
1100 基板
1101 電極
1103 電極
1111 正孔注入層
1112 正孔輸送層
1113 発光層
1114a 電子輸送層
1114b 電子輸送層
1115 電子注入層
2001 筐体
2002 光源
2003 電気スタンド
3001 照明装置
5000 表示
5001 表示
5002 表示
5003 表示
5004 表示
5005 表示
5021 針
5022 表示部
7101 筐体
7103 表示部
7105 取り付け具
7107 表示部
7109 操作キー
7110 リモコン操作機
7201 本体
7202 筐体
7203 表示部
7204 キーボード
7205 外部接続ポート
7206 ポインティングデバイス
7210 表示部
7301 筐体
7302 筐体
7303 連結部
7304 表示部
7305 表示部
7306 スピーカ部
7307 記録媒体挿入部
7308 LEDランプ
7309 操作キー
7310 接続端子
7311 センサ
7312 マイクロフォン
7400 携帯電話機
7401 筐体
7402 表示部
7403 操作ボタン
7404 外部接続ポート
7405 スピーカ
7406 マイク
Claims (8)
- 一対の電極と、
前記一対の電極間に挟まれたEL層を有し、
前記EL層は少なくとも発光層を有し、
前記発光層は熱活性化遅延蛍光体と、蛍光を発する材料と、を少なくとも含む発光素子。 - 請求項1において、
前記熱活性化遅延蛍光体は、第1の有機化合物と第2の有機化合物を含み、
前記第1の有機化合物と第2の有機化合物は励起錯体を形成する組み合わせである発光素子。 - 請求項1又は請求項2において、
前記蛍光を発する材料の最も低エネルギー側の吸収帯と、
前記熱活性化遅延蛍光体の発光が重なる発光素子。 - 請求項3において、
前記蛍光を発する材料の最も低エネルギー側の吸収帯のピーク波長と、
前記熱活性化遅延蛍光体の発光のピーク波長とのエネルギー換算値差が0.2eV以下である発光素子。 - 請求項3又は請求項4において、
前記活性化遅延蛍光体の発光のピーク波長が、前記蛍光を発する材料の最も低エネルギー側の吸収帯のピーク波長以上である発光素子。 - 請求項3乃至請求項5のいずれか一項において、
前記熱活性化遅延蛍光体の発光のピーク波長と、前記蛍光を発する材料の発光のピーク波長との差が30nm以内である発光素子。 - 請求項2乃至請求項6のいずれか一項において、
前記第1の有機化合物と前記第2の有機化合物は、一方が電子輸送性を有する材料であり、他方が正孔輸送性を有する材料である発光素子。 - 請求項2乃至請求項7のいずれか一項において、
前記第1の有機化合物と前記第2の有機化合物は、一方がπ電子不足型複素芳香族であり、他方がπ電子過剰型複素芳香族又は芳香族アミンである発光素子。
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