JP2013108260A - Bridge and vibration control damper for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vibration control damper for a bridge which is structurally compact as well as lightweight and can reduce a load on a bridge pier.SOLUTION: A bridge 100 is provided with a vibration control damper 108 which: is arranged between a bridge girder 102 and a supporting structure 104; and attenuates horizontal force acting on the bridge girder 102. The vibration control damper 108 has: an intermediate plate 141; viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 respectively fitted on both surfaces of the intermediate plate 141; and side plates 144 and 145 respectively fitted on the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 fitted on both surfaces of the intermediate plate 141. The intermediate plate 141 is arranged along a movable direction of the bridge girder 102 with respect to the support structure 104. The intermediate plate 141 is fitted on either a member of the bridge girder 102 or the member of the supporting structure 104. The side plates 144 and 145 are fitted on the other member.

Description

  The present invention relates to a bridge and a vibration damper for a bridge.

  The bridge includes a bridge girder, a support structure (abutment or pier) that supports the bridge girder, and a support disposed between the bridge girder and the support structure. The bridge girder expands and contracts under the influence of temperature changes. Although the strain is not so great, the bridge girder is a member that is long along the bridge axis, so the amount of expansion and contraction may reach several centimeters to several tens of centimeters. In order to absorb the expansion and contraction of the bridge girder due to heat, the bridge girder and the support structure (abutment or pier) are not rigidly connected, and a support is disposed between the bridge girder and the support structure. The bearing is also called a shoe and has a structure capable of absorbing the displacement of the bridge girder relative to the support structure. There are various types of bearings. For example, the fixed bearing only allows rotational displacement and supports vertical and horizontal loads. The movable bearing supports vertical loads and allows horizontal displacement. When both ends of a bridge girder are supported by an abutment, one end of the bridge girder is a fixed bearing and the other end is a movable bearing. Thereby, the expansion and contraction of the bridge girder along the bridge axis can be allowed. However, when one end of the bridge girder is a fixed bearing and the other end is a movable bearing, the load accompanying the earthquake motion tends to concentrate on the fixed bearing, and the load concentrates on the support structure provided with the fixed bearing.

  In order to alleviate the concentration of load on the fixed bearing during an earthquake, a horizontal force distributed bearing capable of dispersing the horizontal force has been proposed. Such a horizontal force dispersion bearing has a structure in which an oil damper and a device having a damping function such as a laminated rubber bearing with a lead plug are combined as a device for damping vibration (for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-3315). Gazette, Japanese Patent No. 4336857, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-32046). In addition, a structure using a friction damper as a member for attenuating earthquake motion by friction force is known (Japanese Patent No. 4336857). In addition, in such a horizontal force dispersion support, a laminated rubber in which a plurality of damping rubbers and steel plates are alternately laminated may be used (for example, JP 2011-33194 A).

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-3315 Japanese Patent No. 4336857 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-32046 Japanese Patent No. 4336857 JP 2011-33194 A

  In the support structure of the bridge, it is desirable to provide a structure that attenuates the seismic motion so that the swing of the bridge girder with respect to the seismic motion can be reduced and the seismic motion can be attenuated early. It is desired that the structure for attenuating such seismic motion is structurally compact and lightweight and keeps the load on the pier small.

  Here, as a structure for attenuating earthquake motion, a cylinder-type oil damper or the like exhibits a damping function in one direction along the cylinder axis, but does not function in a direction perpendicular to the cylinder axis. For this reason, combining a clevis structure for displacing the axial direction of the cylinder, attaching a plurality of oil dampers in parallel, and the like have been proposed. In this case, the structure is complicated, but the cylinder-type oil damper does not provide a uniform damping function in all directions along the movable direction of the bridge girder. In addition, the cylinder-type oil damper may cause problems such as oil leakage over time. For this reason, it is necessary to increase the frequency of maintenance. The oil damper is speed dependent. For example, the resistance is reduced for slow displacement of bridge girders and long-period vibrations, but the resistance is increased for short-period vibrations such as direct type earthquake motion.

  Further, as a damping device that can function in all directions with respect to a horizontal surface, there is a laminated rubber. Since the laminated rubber needs to support a required vertical load, the laminated rubber has a structure in which a plurality of damping rubbers and steel plates are alternately laminated. Such a laminated rubber is expensive in terms of production, tends to be costly, and requires a required height and area for installation space.

  A bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a bridge girder, a support structure that supports the bridge girder, a movable support that is interposed between the bridge girder and the support structure, and supports a vertical load of the bridge girder, and the bridge girder and the support structure. It has a damping damper that is interposed between the body and attenuates the horizontal force acting on the bridge girder. The vibration control damper includes an intermediate plate, viscoelastic bodies attached to both surfaces of the intermediate plate, and side plates respectively attached to the viscoelastic bodies attached to both surfaces of the intermediate plate. The intermediate plate is disposed along the movable direction of the bridge girder with respect to the support structure, the intermediate plate is attached to one member of the bridge girder and the support structure, and the side plate is attached to the other member. .

  According to such a bridge, the intermediate plate attached to one member of the bridge girder and the support structure and the side plate attached to the other member are relatively displaced along the movable direction of the bridge girder in the event of an earthquake. . Thereby, a shear deformation | transformation arises in a viscoelastic body and the vibration which acts on a bridge girder can be attenuated at an early stage. Moreover, according to this structure, the viscoelastic body of the vibration damper is not limited to one direction but can be sheared in any direction of 360 degrees along the movable direction of the bridge girder. The damping damper is attached to the intermediate plate, the viscoelastic body attached to both sides of the intermediate plate, and the viscoelastic body attached to both sides of the intermediate plate. And a displaceable side plate. In this case, the structure is simple and manufacture is easy as compared with laminated rubber in which a plurality of damping rubbers and steel sheets are alternately laminated. The intermediate plate is disposed along the movable direction of the bridge girder with respect to the support structure. Of the bridge girder and the support structure, the intermediate plate is attached to one member, and the side plate is attached to the other member. For this reason, it is easy to increase the degree of freedom in the installation space.

  Here, the viscoelastic body may be directly bonded to the intermediate plate and the side plate, respectively. Moreover, the viscoelastic body is comprised by the rectangular pillar between the intermediate | middle plate and the side plate, and R may be attached | subjected to the corner | angular of the said rectangle. The viscoelastic body may be a highly damped rubber molded body. Further, the high-damping rubber molded body is obtained by adding 100 to 150 parts by weight of silica to 100 parts by weight of the base rubber, and adding the silica to the base rubber made of a polymer having a C—C bond in the main chain. On the other hand, the rubber | gum which mix | blended the silane compound in the ratio of 10 to 30 weight% may be sufficient.

  The bridge may further include a fixed bearing that supports the vertical load and the horizontal load at one place of the bridge girder with respect to the support structure.

  The bridge damping damper is attached to the intermediate plate, the viscoelastic body attached to both sides of the intermediate plate, and the viscoelastic body attached to both sides of the intermediate plate. And a side plate displaceable in the direction. Of the intermediate plate and the side plate, one member is provided with a first attachment portion attached to a bridge girder, and the other member has a second attachment portion attached to a support structure that supports the bridge girder. Is provided.

  In this case, the viscoelastic body may be directly bonded to the intermediate plate and the side plate. Moreover, the viscoelastic body is comprised by the rectangular pillar between the intermediate | middle plate and the side plate, and R may be attached | subjected to the corner | angular of the said rectangle.

  The viscoelastic body may be a highly damped rubber molded body. In this case, the high-damping rubber molded body is obtained by adding 100 to 150 parts by weight of silica to 100 parts by weight of the base rubber, for example, to the base rubber made of a polymer having a C—C bond in the main chain. The rubber may be a rubber in which a silane compound is blended at a ratio of 10 wt% to 30 wt% with respect to the silica.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view showing a seismic damper attached to a bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the vibration control damper according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a plan view of the intermediate plate. FIG. 6 is a side view of the intermediate plate. FIG. 7 is a plan view of the side plate. FIG. 8 is a side view of the side plate. FIG. 9 is a side view showing a state of the vibration control damper when the bridge girder is displaced with respect to the support structure. FIG. 10 is a side view showing the state of the vibration control damper when the bridge girder is displaced with respect to the support structure. FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a state of the vibration damping damper when the bridge girder is displaced with respect to the support structure. FIG. 12 schematically shows a hysteresis loop of the damping damper. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which shear displacement has occurred in the viscoelastic body of the vibration control damper. FIG. 14 is a view showing a bridge support structure according to another embodiment. FIG. 15 is a side view showing a structure for mounting a damping damper according to another embodiment. FIG. 16 is a side view showing a structure for mounting a vibration damper according to another embodiment.

  Hereinafter, a bridge and a vibration control damper for a bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited to the following embodiment. Moreover, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected suitably to the member or site | part which has the same effect | action. Each drawing is schematically drawn and does not necessarily reflect the real thing. Each drawing shows only an example and does not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified.

≪Bridge 100≫
FIG. 1 is a view showing a bridge 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the bridge 100 includes a bridge girder 102, a support structure 104, a movable support 106, and a vibration control damper 108. Here, the bridge girder 102 is a member that supports the bridge plate. The support structure 104 is a member that supports the bridge girder 102. The support structure 104 includes piers 121 and 122 and abutments 123 and 124. The bridge piers 121 and 122 are pillars that support the bridge girder 102, and the abutments 123 and 124 are foundations (bases) that support the bridge girder 102.

≪Bridge piers 121, 122, abutments 123, 124≫
In this embodiment, the piers 121 and 122 are installed in a state where they stand from the foundation parts 121a and 122a embedded in the ground 10 and the foundation parts 121a and 122a. At the upper ends of the piers 121 and 122, support installation portions 121b and 122b for installing a support that directly supports the bridge girder 102 are provided. The abutments 123 and 124 are generally embedded in the ground 10. On the upper portions of the abutments 123 and 124 exposed from the ground 10, support installation portions 123 a and 124 a for installing a support that directly supports the bridge girder 102 are provided.

≪Bridge girder 102≫
Here, the bridge girder 102 is generally a long-axis member made of a steel plate having a length of several meters to several tens of meters, and expands and contracts due to thermal expansion and contraction accompanying a change in temperature environment. The amount of expansion and contraction reaches several centimeters and, in some cases, tens of centimeters. In order to absorb the expansion and contraction of the bridge girder 102 due to heat, the bridge girder 102 and the support structure 104 (the abutments 123 and 124 or the bridge piers 121 and 122) are not rigidly connected, and the displacement of the bridge girder 102 with respect to the support structure 104 is allowed. It has a possible structure. In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a movable bearing 106 and a vibration damper 108 are interposed between the bridge beam 102 and the support structure 104 so that the support structure 104 can allow the bridge beam 102 to be displaced. And are provided. FIG. 2 is a side view of the damping damper 108 attached to the bridge 100 in this embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view (III-III cross-sectional view of FIG. 2) orthogonal to the bridge axis L with respect to the portion where the damping damper 108 is attached.

≪Movable bearing 106≫
Here, the movable support 106 is a member that is interposed between the bridge girder 102 and the support structure 104 and supports the vertical load of the bridge girder 102. In this embodiment, the movable support 106 is a member that allows the bridge girder 102 to be displaced with respect to the support structure 104 (here, the piers 121 and 122 and the abutments 123 and 124) by a horizontal force acting on the bridge girder 102. It is. Here, the bridge girder 102 is allowed to move not only in the direction of the bridge axis L but also in the width direction with respect to the bridge axis L with respect to the piers 121 and 122 and the abutments 123 and 124. Further, depending on the support structure of the bridge girder 102, the bridge girder 102 may be allowed to move not only in the direction of the bridge axis L but also, for example, obliquely. The damping damper 108 is a member that is interposed between the bridge girder 102 and the support structure 104 and attenuates a horizontal force acting on the bridge girder 102. Such a movable bearing 106 may be constituted by a sliding bearing or a rolling bearing. In addition, in order to constrain the movable region of the bridge girder 102 with respect to the support structure 104, a fixed support (not shown) and a stopper (not shown) are appropriately provided between the support structure 104 and the bridge girder 102.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the damping damper 108 is provided in the support installation parts 123a and 124a of the abutments 123 and 124. As shown in FIG. 3, the movable support 106 is provided in at least two places in the width direction W (also referred to as a bridge axis orthogonal direction) of the bridge girder 102 in the support installation portions 123a and 124a. In this embodiment, the movable bearing 106 is provided at two locations so as to sandwich the vibration control damper 108 between the bearing installation portions 123a and 124a. Thus, the bridge girder 102 is supported by the movable support 106 so as not to rotate around the bridge axis L along the length direction of the bridge girder 102.

≪Control damper 108≫
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the vibration control damper 108. In this embodiment, the vibration damper 108 includes an intermediate plate 141, viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143, and side plates 144 and 145, as shown in FIG.

≪Intermediate plate 141≫
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the intermediate plate 141, and FIG. 6 is a side view of the intermediate plate 141. In this embodiment, the intermediate plate 141 is a flat plate member to which the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 are attached, as shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, a portion where the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 are attached to the intermediate plate 141 is indicated by a two-dot chain line.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, an attachment piece 151 attached to the bridge beam 102 is provided at one end of the intermediate plate 141. The attachment piece 151 is a plate-like member and is attached so as to be orthogonal to the intermediate plate 141. A rib 152 is attached to an intersection between one end of the intermediate plate 141 and the attachment piece 151. The intermediate plate 141, the attachment piece 151, and the rib 152 are each welded. In this damping damper 108, as shown in FIG. 2, viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 are attached to both side surfaces of the intermediate plate 141. As shown in FIG.

≪Side plates 144, 145≫
As shown in FIG. 2, the side plates 144 and 145 are respectively attached to surfaces opposite to the intermediate plate 141 with respect to the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 attached to both side surfaces of the intermediate plate 141. The side plates 144 and 145 are members that can be displaced in the shearing direction with respect to the intermediate plate 141. FIG. 7 is a plan view of the side plates 144 and 145, and FIG. 8 is a side view of the side plates 144 and 145. In this embodiment, the side plates 144 and 145 are flat members to which the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 are attached.

  As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, an attachment piece 161 attached to the abutment 123 is provided at one end of the side plates 144 and 145. The attachment piece 161 is a plate-like member and is attached so as to be orthogonal to the side plates 144 and 145. Ribs 162 are attached to the intersections between one end of the side plates 144 and 145 and the attachment piece 161. The side plates 144 and 145, the attachment pieces 161, and the ribs 162 are welded to each other.

≪Viscoelastic body 142, 143≫
In this embodiment, the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 are rectangular rubber molded bodies. For the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143, for example, viscoelastic rubber (high attenuation rubber) having high attenuation can be used. Examples of such high damping rubber include natural rubber, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), butadiene rubber material (BR), isoprene rubber (IR), butyl rubber (IIR), halogenated butyl rubber (X- IIR), a high damping rubber composition produced by adding an additive exhibiting high damping to a rubber material of chloroprene rubber (CR). Various additives such as carbon black and silane compounds are known as additives capable of exhibiting high attenuation. A preferred example of the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 will be described in detail later.

  In this embodiment, the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 are directly bonded to the intermediate plate 141 and the side plates 144 and 145. Here, the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 are made of rubber as a base material, and may be vulcanized and bonded to the intermediate plate 141 and the side plates 144 and 145 when the rubber material is vulcanized.

  For example, when the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 are molded, the side plates 144 and 145 are arranged on the mold so as to face both surfaces of the intermediate plate 141, respectively. In this embodiment, the intermediate plate 141 and the side plates 144 and 145 are opposed to each other at the site where the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 are formed. The ribs 162 of the side plates 144 and 145 are directed outward with respect to the portion where the intermediate plate 141 and the side plates 144 and 145 face each other. In addition, the attachment piece 151 of the intermediate plate 141 and the attachment piece 161 of the side plates 144 and 145 extend to the opposite sides from a portion where the intermediate plate 141 and the side plates 144 and 145 face each other.

  In the mold in which the intermediate plate 141 and the side plates 144 and 145 are arranged in this manner, the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 are formed in spaces where the intermediate plate 141 and the side plates 144 and 145 face each other. At this time, the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 are vulcanized and bonded to the intermediate plate 141 and the side plates 144 and 145, respectively. Thereby, the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 can be attached to both surfaces of the intermediate plate 141, and the side plates can be attached to the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 attached to both surfaces of the intermediate plate 141, respectively. The side plates 144 and 145 of the vibration damping damper 108 can be displaced in the shear direction with respect to the intermediate plate 141 with the shear deformation of the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143.

  In this embodiment, the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 are formed in a columnar shape with a rectangular cross section, and R is provided at the corners of the rectangle. As described above, by providing R having a required size at the corners of the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143, the stress concentration on the corners can be suppressed to be small during shear deformation. Further, by providing the required size R, the influence on the direction in which the side plates 144 and 145 are displaced with respect to the intermediate plate 141 is reduced. The viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 are not limited to having a rectangular cross section. For example, the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 may have a circular cross section. Since the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 have a circular cross section, the influence on the direction in which the side plates 144 and 145 are displaced with respect to the intermediate plate 141 becomes substantially uniform.

  In this embodiment, a movable support 106 and a vibration control damper 108 are interposed between the bridge girder 102 and the support structure 104. For this reason, the bridge girder 102 can move with respect to the support structure 104 under the influence of vibration or wind during an earthquake while being supported by the movable support 106. The intermediate plate 141 of the above-described vibration control damper 108 is disposed along the movable direction of the bridge girder 102 with respect to the support structure 104. In this embodiment, the intermediate plate 141 is disposed substantially parallel to the direction of movement of the bridge beam 102 relative to the support structure 104. Here, the movable direction of the bridge beam 102 means a direction in which the bridge beam 102 can move with respect to the support structure 104. Therefore, it is determined by the support structure of the bridge girder 102 and is not necessarily limited to one direction. The intermediate plate 141 is attached to one member (the bridge beam 102 in this embodiment) of the bridge beam 102 and the support structure 104. Further, the side plates 144 and 145 of the vibration damper 108 are attached to the other member of the bridge girder 102 and the support structure 104 (in this embodiment, the abutment 123 as the support structure 104).

≪Installation of vibration control damper 108≫
Specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the damping damper 108 includes the bridge girder 102, the support structure 104 (specifically, the support installation portion 123 a) via the mounting members 171 and 172. It is attached between.

<< Mounting member 171 >>
The attachment member 171 is a member for attaching the intermediate plate 141 to the bridge girder 102. The attachment member 171 includes a first plate 171a attached to the lower surface of the bridge beam 102, a second plate 171b to which the attachment piece 151 of the intermediate plate 141 is attached, and a rib 171c. Here, the end portions of the first plate 171a and the second plate 171b are orthogonal to each other, and ribs 171c are attached to the corner portions for reinforcement. The first plate 171a, the second plate 171b, and the rib 171c may be welded. In this embodiment, the first plate 171a is attached to the lower surface of the bridge girder 102, and the second plate 171b extends below the bridge girder 102, and the support installation portion 123a of the abutment 123 to which the damping damper 108 is attached. Is directed to.

<< Mounting member 172 >>
The attachment member 172 is a member for attaching the support structure 104 (specifically, the support installation portion 123a of the abutment 123) and the side plates 144 and 145. The attachment member 172 includes a first plate 172a attached to the support installation portion 123a, a second plate 172b to which the attachment pieces 161 of the side plates 144 and 145 are attached, and a rib 172c. Here, the end portions of the first plate 172a and the second plate 172b are orthogonal to each other, and ribs 172c are attached to the corner portions for reinforcement. The first plate 172a, the second plate 172b, and the rib 172c may be welded. In this embodiment, the first plate 172a is attached to the upper surface of the support installation portion 123a, and the second plate 172b extends above the support installation portion 123a, and the first plate 172a of the attachment member 171 attached to the lower portion of the bridge girder 102 is attached. It faces the two plates 171b.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the second plate 171b of the attachment member 171 attached to the bridge girder 102 and the second plate 172b of the attachment member 172 attached to the support installation portion 123a are respectively in the bridge axis direction of the bridge girder 102. Directed and facing each other. The attachment piece 151 of the intermediate plate 141 of the vibration damper 108 is attached to the second plate 171b of the attachment member 171 attached to the bridge girder 102. Further, the attachment pieces 161 of the side plates 144 and 145 are attached to the second plate 172b of the attachment member 172 attached to the support installation portion 123a. The attachment of the intermediate plate 141 and the side plates 144 and 145 and the attachment members 171 and 172 of the vibration damper 108 is not particularly limited, but a detachable fastening structure such as a bolt and nut may be used. This facilitates replacement of the vibration damper 108.

  An adjusting member that adjusts the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 so as not to cause shear deformation in the initial state may be provided between the damping damper 108 and the bridge girder 102 or the support structure 104. In this embodiment, a spacer 173 is interposed between the intermediate plate 141 and the mounting member 171 as the adjusting member, as shown in FIG. The spacer 173 is a member that adjusts the mounting position of the intermediate plate 141 so that shear deformation does not occur in the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 in the initial state in which the bridge girder 102 is installed on the support structure 104. Note that the adjustment member for adjusting the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 so as not to cause shear deformation in the initial state is not limited to the spacer 173.

≪Operation of damping damper 108≫
9 and 10 show a case where the bridge girder 102 is displaced along the bridge axis L with respect to the abutments 123 and 124 as the support structure 104, respectively. FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a state of the damping damper 108 when the bridge girder 102 is displaced in a direction perpendicular to the bridge axis L with respect to the abutments 123 and 124 as the support structure 104.

  In this damping damper 108, the intermediate plate 141 of the damping damper 108 is disposed substantially parallel to the movable direction of the bridge girder 102 with respect to the support structure 104. The intermediate plate 141 is attached to one member (the bridge beam 102 in this embodiment) of the bridge beam 102 and the support structure 104. Further, the side plates 144 and 145 of the vibration damper 108 are attached to the other member of the bridge girder 102 and the support structure 104 (in this embodiment, the abutment 123 as the support structure 104). For this reason, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, when the bridge girder 102 is displaced with respect to the abutments 123 and 124 as the support structure 104, the intermediate plate 141 and the side plates 144 and 145 of the vibration damper 108 are accordingly changed. And are relatively displaced. In accordance with the relative displacement between the intermediate plate 141 and the side plates 144 and 145, the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 undergo shear deformation.

  The shear deformation is input to the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 of the damping damper 108 regardless of the moving direction of the bridge girder 102 with respect to the abutments 123 and 124 as the support structure 104. FIG. 12 schematically shows a hysteresis loop of the damping damper 108. The horizontal axis in FIG. 12 represents the shear displacement acting on the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143, and the vertical axis represents the shear load acting on the intermediate plate 141 and the side plates 144 and 145. The vibration damper 108 can absorb vibration energy corresponding to the energy of the portion surrounded by the hysteresis loop A every cycle.

  In the vibration damper 108, viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 are bonded to both sides of the intermediate plate 141 as shown in FIG. Further, the side plates 144 and 145 are bonded to the outside of the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143. Therefore, when displacement in the shear direction occurs between the intermediate plate 141 and the side plates 144 and 145, moments acting on the intermediate plate 141 from the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 on both sides (let the intermediate plate 141 rotate). Force) cancel each other. For this reason, the intermediate plate 141 and the side plates 144 and 145 undergo a shear displacement in a stable state.

  FIG. 13 schematically shows a state in which shear displacement has occurred in the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 of the damping damper 108. Arrows a and b in FIG. 13 indicate shear forces acting on the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143. In addition, arrows c and d in the figure indicate moments acting on the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143. In this case, the shearing forces a and b of the damping damper 108 are balanced, and the moments c and d are balanced. As a result, the damping damper 108 is subjected to shear deformation in a stable state, and the support structure 104 and the bridge girder 102 are relatively displaced in a stable state. Further, the side plates 144 and 145 receive force in the rotating direction by moments c and d, respectively. In this embodiment, the side plates 144 and 145 are supported by the ribs 162 so as not to rotate.

  According to the vibration damper 108, when a shear displacement occurs in the intermediate plate 141 and the side plates 144 and 145, a required drag force is generated by the shear deformation generated in the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143. Thereby, the vibration which arises in the bridge 100 can be attenuated at an early stage. As described above, in the damping damper 108, shear deformation occurs in the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 according to the displacement of the bridge girder 102. For this reason, each member of the intermediate plate 141, the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143, and the side plates 144 and 145 constituting the vibration damping damper 108 may be designed to have a required proof strength against such a shear load. .

  The seismic damper 108 generates a drag force according to the shear deformation acting on the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143, and therefore can exhibit a required damping function even for short-period vibrations such as earthquake motion. . The damping damper 108 is basically a five-layer structure including an intermediate plate 141, viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143, and side plates 144 and 145, and has a simpler structure than a laminated rubber bearing. The manufacture is easy. Moreover, compared with a laminated rubber bearing, the height can be suppressed, and the installation space is also flexible.

  In the above-described embodiment, the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 are directly bonded (vulcanized bonded) to the intermediate plate 141 and the side plates 144 and 145, respectively. For this reason, the number of parts can be suppressed, and the installation of the damping damper 108 is facilitated.

  Further, as described above, the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 are formed of rectangular pillars between the intermediate plate 141 and the side plates 144 and 145, and R is attached to the corners of the rectangle. In this case, when the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 are rectangular, when a substantially rectangular plate is used for the intermediate plate 141 and the side plates 144 and 145, the shear cross section of the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 is relatively wide. An area can be secured. Further, by providing R at the corners of the rectangle, it is possible to suppress the stress concentration at the corners when the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 undergo shear deformation.

<< Preferred examples of the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 >>
Here, as the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143, it is preferable to use a molded body of high damping rubber that exhibits a necessary resistance against shear deformation and has a function of damping vibrations at an early stage. As such a high-damping rubber molded body, 100 to 150 parts by weight of silica is added to 100 parts by weight of a base rubber made of a polymer having a C—C bond in the main chain, and 10 weights of a silane compound is added to the silica. % To 30% by weight can be mentioned.

  The bridge 100 and the bridge damping damper 108 according to the embodiment of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

  For example, in the form shown in FIG. 2, the damping damper 108 is provided on the abutments 123 and 124, but the damping damper 108 may be provided on the support structure 104 and provided on the piers 121 and 122. It may be done. Further, the damping damper 108 may be provided in a part of the support structure 104 that supports the bridge girder 102 or may be provided in all the support structures 104. Moreover, although the structure which attached the intermediate | middle plate 141 to the bridge girder 102 and attached the side plates 144 and 145 to the abutment 123,124 (support structure 104) was illustrated, it is not limited to this. For example, the intermediate plate 141 may be attached to the support structure 104 and the side plates 144 and 145 may be attached to the bridge beam 102.

  FIG. 14 shows a support structure for a bridge 100A according to another embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 14, the bridge 100 </ b> A may include a fixed support 112 that supports a vertical load and a horizontal load at one place of the bridge girder 102. As described above, a part of the bridge support structure may be a fixed support, or may be a fully movable support without a fixed support.

  Further, for example, a spacer 173 is disposed between the intermediate plate 141 and the mounting member 171 provided on the bridge girder 102 as an adjustment member that adjusts the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 so that shear deformation does not occur in the initial state. An example was given (FIG. 2). Such an adjustment member is not limited to such a form, and for example, a spacer may be disposed between the side plates 144 and 145 and the attachment members 172 provided on the abutments 123 and 124.

  FIG. 15 shows a bridge 100B according to another embodiment. In this bridge 100B, the damping damper 108 may be attached to the side surface of the support structure 104 (the piers 121 and 122 and the abutments 123 and 124) for convenience of installation space. In this case, an attachment member 172A for attaching the vibration damping damper 108 is attached to the side surface of the support structure 104. In the illustrated example, the side plates 144 and 145 of the damping damper 108 are attached to the attachment member 172A attached to the side surface of the abutment 123 (support structure 104).

  Further, the intermediate plate 141 and the side plates 144 and 145 are not limited to the above-described form. FIG. 16 shows a bridge 100C according to another embodiment. In this bridge 100C, the intermediate plate 141A and the side plates 144A, 145A of the vibration damper 108A are configured by simple flat plates. The intermediate plate 141A and the side plates 144A and 145A include an attachment member 171 attached to the bridge girder 102 and an attachment member 172 attached to the support structure 104 with appropriate attachment members 181 and 182 interposed therebetween. Is attached. In this case, since the intermediate plate 141A and the side plates 144A and 145A can be configured as flat plates, the structure for incorporating the intermediate plate 141A and the side plates 144A and 145A in the mold for forming the viscoelastic bodies 142 and 143 is simple. Thus, the mold can be formed at low cost. Thereby, manufacturing cost can be suppressed at low cost. In this case, the attachment structure between the intermediate plate 141A and the attachment member 181 and the attachment structure between the side plates 144A and 145A and the attachment member 182 may be removable. In the example shown in FIG. 16, each member is fastened with bolts and nuts.

  The various bridges according to the embodiment of the present invention have been described above, but the bridge according to the present invention is not limited to any of the above-described embodiments unless specifically mentioned.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Ground 100, 100A, 100B, 100C Bridge 102 Bridge girder 104 Support structure 106 Movable bearing 108,108A Seismic damper (damping damper for bridge)
112 fixed bearings 121, 122 bridge piers 121a, 122a foundation parts 121b, 122b bearing installation parts 123, 124 abutment 123a, 124a bearing installation parts 141, 141A intermediate plates 142, 143 viscoelastic bodies 144, 144A, 145, 145A side plate 151 mounting Piece 152 Rib 161 Attachment piece 162 Rib 171 Attachment member 171a First plate 171b Second plate 171c Rib 172, 172A Attachment member 172a First plate 172b Second plate 172c Rib 173 Spacers 181, 182 Attachment member A Hysteresis loop L Bridge shaft W Bridge girder width direction (perpendicular to the bridge axis)

Claims (11)

Bridge girder,
A support structure for supporting the bridge girder;
A movable bearing interposed between the bridge girder and the support structure and supporting the vertical load of the bridge girder;
A damping damper interposed between the bridge girder and the support structure and dampening a horizontal force acting on the bridge girder,
The damping damper is
The intermediate plate;
Viscoelastic bodies attached to both sides of the intermediate plate;
A side plate attached to each of the viscoelastic bodies attached to both sides of the intermediate plate;
The intermediate plate is disposed along a movable direction of the bridge beam with respect to the support structure;
The intermediate plate is attached to one member of the bridge girder and the support structure, and the side plate is attached to the other member.   The bridge according to claim 1, wherein the viscoelastic body is directly bonded to the intermediate plate and the side plate.   The bridge according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the viscoelastic body is formed of a rectangular column between the intermediate plate and the side plate, and an R is attached to a corner of the rectangle.   The bridge according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the viscoelastic body is a high damping rubber molded body.   The high-damping rubber molded body is obtained by adding 100 to 150 parts by weight of silica to 100 parts by weight of the base rubber to base rubber made of a polymer having a C—C bond in the main chain, The bridge according to claim 4, wherein the rubber is a rubber compounded with a silane compound at a ratio of 10 wt% to 30 wt%.   Furthermore, the bridge described in any one of Claim 1-5 provided with the fixed support which supports a vertical direction load and a horizontal direction load in one place of the said bridge girder with respect to the said support structure. An intermediate plate,
Viscoelastic bodies attached to both side surfaces of the intermediate plate;
A side plate attached to each of the viscoelastic bodies attached to both side surfaces of the intermediate plate and displaceable in a shear direction with respect to the intermediate plate;
Of the intermediate plate and the side plate, one member is provided with a first attachment portion attached to a bridge girder, and the other member has a second attachment portion attached to a support structure that supports the bridge girder. A seismic damper for bridges.   The bridge damping damper according to claim 7, wherein the viscoelastic body is directly bonded to the intermediate plate and the side plate.   The bridge control according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the viscoelastic body is constituted by a rectangular column between the intermediate plate and the side plate, and an angle of the rectangle is provided with an R. Seismic damper.   The bridge damping damper according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the viscoelastic body is a high-damping rubber molded body.   The high-damping rubber molded body is obtained by adding 100 to 150 parts by weight of silica to 100 parts by weight of the base rubber to base rubber made of a polymer having a C—C bond in the main chain, The damping damper for bridges according to claim 10, wherein the rubber is a rubber compounded with a silane compound at a ratio of 10 wt% to 30 wt%.

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