JP2013188095A - Hybrid excitation dynamo-electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hybrid excitation dynamo-electric machine in which permanent magnets are magnetized easily without using a magnetization device for exclusive use.SOLUTION: A hybrid excitation dynamo-electric machine 10 includes a rotor 12 having a rotor core 52 provided with a first magnetic pole magnetized with permanent magnets 64, 68 and a second magnetic pole not magnetized with the permanent magnets, a stator 14 generating a revolving magnetic field for rotating the rotor 12, an excitation coil 70 for exciting the second magnetic pole, and a DC excitation circuit capable of supplying a DC current bidirectionally to the excitation coil 70.

Description

  The present invention relates to a hybrid excitation type rotating electric machine, and more particularly to a hybrid excitation type rotating electric machine using both a permanent magnet and an electromagnet as an excitation circuit.

  Conventionally, a hybrid excitation type rotating electrical machine including a permanent magnet and an electromagnet is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The rotating electrical machine includes a rotor and a stator that is disposed on the outer diameter side of the rotor and generates a rotating magnetic field that rotates the rotor. The stator has a stator core and a stator coil. The rotor has a shaft extending in the axial direction and first and second rotor cores divided in the axial direction. Each of the first and second rotor cores is alternately arranged in the circumferential direction at the radial end, and a permanent magnet excitation magnetic pole excited by a permanent magnet and a non-excitation permanent magnet non-excitation magnetic pole not excited by the permanent magnet And have. The permanent magnet exciting magnetic pole of the first rotor core and the permanent magnet exciting magnetic pole of the second rotor core have opposite polarities. The permanent magnet excitation magnetic pole of the first rotor core and the permanent magnet non-excitation magnetic pole of the second rotor core are arranged opposite to each other in the axial direction, and the permanent magnet non-excitation magnetic pole of the first rotor core and the permanent magnet excitation magnetic pole of the second rotor core. Are arranged opposite to each other in the axial direction.

  The amount of magnetic flux by the permanent magnet is substantially constant. The rotating electric machine includes an exciting coil that excites a permanent magnet non-exciting magnetic pole. When the excitation coil is energized from the outside in a predetermined direction, a magnetic flux is generated that excites the permanent magnet non-excitation magnetic pole and weakens the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet. Therefore, according to the above rotating electric machine, the rotor can be appropriately rotated by the combined magnetic flux of the magnetic flux by the permanent magnet and the magnetic flux by the electromagnet.

JP-A-6-351206

  By the way, in the rotating electrical machine described in Patent Document 1, in order to properly rotate the rotor, it is necessary to magnetize the permanent magnet in an appropriate state in advance. The permanent magnet is generally magnetized by using a magnetizing device that magnetizes the permanent magnet on the production line of the rotating electrical machine. However, the method of magnetizing a permanent magnet using a magnetizing device on the production line in this way results in excessive equipment costs on the production line.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid excitation rotating electric machine that can easily perform permanent magnet magnetization without using a dedicated magnetizing device. To do.

  The object is to provide a rotor having a rotor core having a first magnetic pole excited by a permanent magnet and a second magnetic pole not excited by a permanent magnet, a stator for generating a rotating magnetic field for rotating the rotor, and the second This is achieved by a hybrid excitation type rotating electrical machine that includes an excitation coil that excites a magnetic pole and a DC excitation circuit that can supply a direct current to the excitation coil in both directions.

  According to the present invention, the permanent magnet can be easily magnetized without using a dedicated magnetizing device.

It is a perspective view showing the structure of the hybrid excitation type rotary electric machine which is one Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing when the hybrid excitation type rotary electric machine which is one Example of this invention is cut | disconnected by the plane containing an axial centerline. It is sectional drawing at the time of cut | disconnecting the hybrid excitation type rotary electric machine which is one Example of this invention by III-III shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing at the time of cut | disconnecting the hybrid excitation type rotary electric machine which is one Example of this invention by IV-IV shown in FIG. It is a block diagram of the control apparatus of the hybrid excitation type rotary electric machine which is one Example of this invention. It is a figure showing the flow of the magnetic flux in the hybrid excitation type rotary electric machine which is one Example of this invention.

  Hereinafter, specific embodiments of a hybrid excitation type rotating electrical machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the structure of a hybrid excitation type rotating electrical machine 10 which is an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a hybrid excitation type rotating electrical machine 10 with a part cut. FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the hybrid excitation type rotating electrical machine 10 of the present embodiment cut along a plane including the axis center line. FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the hybrid excitation type rotating electrical machine 10 of the present embodiment taken along the line III-III shown in FIG. FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the hybrid excitation type rotating electrical machine 10 of the present embodiment taken along IV-IV shown in FIG. FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of a control device for the hybrid excitation type rotating electrical machine 10 of the present embodiment.

  In the present embodiment, the hybrid excitation type rotating electrical machine 10 includes a rotor 12 that can rotate around an axis, and a stator 14 that generates a rotating magnetic field that rotates the rotor 12. The rotor 12 is rotatably supported by the case 20 via bearings 16 and 18 at both axial ends. The stator 14 is disposed on the outer diameter side of the rotor 12 and is fixed to the case 20. The rotor 12 and the stator 14 oppose each other via an air gap 22 having a predetermined length in the radial direction.

  The stator 14 has a stator core 24 and a stator coil 28. The stator core 24 is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape. A stator tooth 26 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the stator core 24. The stator teeth 26 protrude inward in the radial direction of the stator core 24, that is, toward the axial center, and extend between the axial ends of the stator core 24. A plurality of stator teeth 26 (for example, 12 or 18) are provided in the circumferential direction on the inner circumferential surface of the stator core 24, and are provided at equal intervals along the circumferential direction.

  A stator coil 28 is wound around each stator tooth 26. A plurality of stator coils 28 (for example, 12 or 18) are provided in the circumferential direction on the inner circumferential surface of the stator core 24, and are provided at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. Each stator coil 28 constitutes one of a U-phase coil, a V-phase coil, and a W-phase coil when the hybrid excitation type rotating electrical machine 10 is applied to, for example, a three-phase AC motor.

  The stator core 24 is divided in the axial direction, and includes a first stator core 30, a second stator core 32, and a third stator core 34. The first to third stator cores 30 to 34 are aligned in the axial direction. The first and third stator cores 30 and 34 are disposed at both ends in the axial direction. The second stator core 32 is disposed at the center in the axial direction, and is sandwiched between the first stator core 30 and the third stator core 34 in the axial direction. The stator core 24 is divided in the axial direction into a second stator core 32 in the center in the axial direction and first and third stator cores 30 and 34 sandwiching the second stator core 32 on both sides in the axial direction.

  The first to third stator cores 30 to 34 are each formed in a hollow cylindrical shape, and have substantially the same inner diameter and the same outer diameter. The first to third stator cores 30 to 34 each have an annular back yoke portion 30a, 32a, 34a, and a stator that protrudes from the inner peripheral surface of the back yoke portion 30a, 32a, 34a toward the axial center. Teeth portions 30b, 32b, and 34b. In each of the first to third stator cores 30 to 34, the back yoke portions 30a, 32a, and 34a and the stator teeth portions 30b, 32b, and 34b are formed integrally with each other. In each of the first to third stator cores 30 to 34, the back yoke portions 30a, 32a, 34a and the stator teeth portions 30b, 32b, 34b may be provided separately.

  The stator teeth 30b, 32b, and 34b of the first to third stator cores 30 to 34 are provided so as to be aligned in the axial direction, and constitute the stator teeth 26 as a whole. The stator coil 28 is wound around each stator tooth 26 and penetrates the first to third stator cores 30 to 34 in the slots between the stator teeth 26 aligned in the circumferential direction.

  Each of the first and third stator cores 30 and 34 is a magnetic steel sheet core formed by laminating a plurality of insulating coated steel sheets in the axial direction. The second stator core 32 is a dust core formed of a soft magnetic material such as iron, specifically, a material obtained by compression-molding a soft magnetic powder coated with an insulating coating. The magnetic resistance in the axial direction of the second stator core 32 is smaller than the magnetic resistance in the axial direction of the first and third stator cores 30 and 34.

  A thin cylindrical yoke 36 is provided on the outer diameter side of the stator core 24. The yoke 36 is formed so as to cover the entire outer circumference of the first to third stator cores 30 to 34, and supports the first to third stator cores 30 to 34. Like the second stator core 32, the yoke 36 is a dust core formed of a material obtained by compression-molding an insulating-coated soft magnetic powder. The magnetic resistance in the axial direction of the yoke 36 is smaller than the magnetic resistance in the axial direction of the first and third stator cores 30 and 34. The yoke 36 and the second stator core 32 may be formed integrally with each other. The yoke 36 is bonded and fixed to the outer diameter surfaces of the first stator core 30 and the third stator core 34. The first stator core 30 and the third stator core 34 are magnetically coupled to each other via the yoke 36 and the second stator core 32.

  The stator core 24 has an attachment portion 38 that protrudes to the outer diameter side for attaching and fixing the stator 14 to the case 20. The attachment portion 38 is formed of a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates laminated in the axial direction. The attachment portion 38 includes an attachment portion 38a formed integrally with the first stator core 30, an attachment portion 38b formed integrally with the third stator core 34, and an attachment portion 38c sandwiched between both attachment portions 38a, 38b. Have. The attachment portion 38 c is disposed on the outer diameter side of the second stator core 32. Note that the attachment portion 38c may be formed integrally with the second stator core 32 instead of being formed by a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates laminated in the axial direction. A plurality of (for example, three) mounting portions 38 are provided in the circumferential direction. The attachment portion 38 is provided with a through hole 40 penetrating in the axial direction. The stator 14 is fixed to the case 20 by fastening a bolt 42 that passes through the through hole 40 of the attachment portion 38 to the case 20.

  The rotor 12 is disposed on the inner diameter side of the stator 14. The rotor 12 includes a shaft 50 and a rotor core 52. The shaft 50 extends in the axial direction, and extends from the axial end of the stator 14 at both axial ends. The shaft 50 only needs to extend from the axial end of the stator 14 at least on one side in the axial direction. The shaft 50 is made of a material having a predetermined iron loss, specifically, carbon steel such as S45C. The rotor core 52 has an outer diameter side rotor core 54 that is disposed on the outer diameter side of the shaft 50 and supported by the shaft 50. The outer diameter side rotor core 54 is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape, and is fixed to the outer diameter surface of the shaft 50.

  The outer diameter side rotor core 54 is divided in the axial direction, and includes a first outer diameter side rotor core 56 and a second outer diameter side rotor core 58. The first and second outer diameter side rotor cores 56 and 58 are each formed in a hollow cylindrical shape, and are disposed on the outer diameter side of the shaft 50 and supported by the shaft 50. The first and second outer-diameter-side rotor cores 56 and 58 are each formed by laminating a plurality of insulating coated steel sheets in the axial direction. The first outer diameter side rotor core 56 and the second outer diameter side rotor core 58 are separated from each other with an annular gap 60 in the axial direction. The gap 60 is formed to have substantially the same size from the inner diameter side portion to the outer diameter side portion of the first and second outer diameter side rotor cores 56 and 58.

  The outer diameter surface of the first outer diameter side rotor core 56 faces the inner diameter surface of the first stator core 30 in the radial direction. That is, the outer diameter surface of the first outer diameter side rotor core 56 and the inner diameter surface of the first stator core 30 are opposed to each other in the radial direction. Further, the outer diameter surface of the second outer diameter side rotor core 58 faces the inner diameter surface of the third stator core 34 in the radial direction. That is, the outer diameter surface of the second outer diameter side rotor core 58 and the inner diameter surface of the third stator core 34 are opposed to each other in the radial direction. The gap 60 faces the inner diameter surface of the second stator core 32 and is provided on the inner diameter side of the second stator core 32.

  A rotor tooth 62 is formed on the outer periphery of the first outer diameter side rotor core 56. The rotor teeth 62 protrude outward in the radial direction of the first outer diameter side rotor core 56. A plurality of (for example, six) rotor teeth 62 are provided in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the first outer diameter side rotor core 56, and are provided at equal intervals along the circumferential direction.

  Permanent magnets 64 are attached between the rotor teeth 62 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction so as to be adjacent to the rotor teeth 62. The permanent magnet 64 is disposed on the outer diameter side of the first outer diameter side rotor core 56. The permanent magnet 64 is, for example, a ferrite magnet, an alnico magnet, a samarium cobalt magnet, or the like. A plurality of permanent magnets 64 (for example, six) are provided in the circumferential direction, and are provided at regular intervals along the circumferential direction. Each permanent magnet 64 has a predetermined width (angle) in the circumferential direction and a predetermined thickness in the radial direction. Each permanent magnet 64 is magnetized to a predetermined polarity (for example, the outer diameter side is an N pole and the inner diameter side is an S pole).

  The outer diameter side end surface of the permanent magnet 64 and the outer diameter side end surface of the rotor teeth 62 are formed at substantially the same distance from the axis center. The first outer diameter side rotor core 56 has a permanent magnet excitation magnetic pole excited by the permanent magnet 64 and a non-excitation permanent magnet non-excitation magnetic pole that is not excited by the permanent magnet 64. This permanent magnet non-excitation magnetic pole is formed in the rotor teeth 62. These permanent magnet excitation magnetic poles and permanent magnet non-excitation magnetic poles are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The first outer diameter side rotor core 56 has magnetic poles having different polarities at every predetermined angle, and has a predetermined number (for example, 12) of poles in the circumferential direction by permanent magnet excitation magnetic poles and permanent magnet non-excitation magnetic poles. ing.

  A rotor tooth 66 is formed on the outer periphery of the second outer diameter side rotor core 58. The rotor teeth 66 protrude outward in the radial direction of the second outer diameter side rotor core 58. A plurality of (for example, six) rotor teeth 66 are provided in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the second outer diameter side rotor core 58, and are provided at equal intervals along the circumferential direction.

  Permanent magnets 68 are attached adjacent to the rotor teeth 66 between the rotor teeth 66 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. The permanent magnet 64 is disposed on the outer diameter side of the second outer diameter side rotor core 58. The permanent magnet 68 is, for example, a ferrite magnet. A plurality (for example, six) of permanent magnets 68 are provided in the circumferential direction, and are provided at regular intervals along the circumferential direction. Each permanent magnet 68 has a predetermined width (angle) in the circumferential direction and a predetermined thickness in the radial direction. Each permanent magnet 68 is magnetized to a predetermined polarity (for example, the outer diameter side is an S pole and the inner diameter side is an N pole) different from the polarity of the permanent magnet 64. That is, the permanent magnet 68 and the permanent magnet 64 have opposite polarities.

  The outer diameter side end surface of the permanent magnet 68 and the outer diameter side end surface of the rotor teeth 66 are formed at positions that are substantially the same distance from the center of the shaft. The second outer diameter side rotor core 58 has a permanent magnet excitation magnetic pole excited by the permanent magnet 68 and a non-excitation permanent magnet non-excitation magnetic pole that is not excited by the permanent magnet 68. This permanent magnet non-excitation magnetic pole is formed in the rotor tooth 66. These permanent magnet excitation magnetic poles and permanent magnet non-excitation magnetic poles are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The second outer diameter side rotor core 58 has magnetic poles having different polarities for each predetermined angle, and has the same number of poles as the first outer diameter side rotor core 56 in the circumferential direction by the permanent magnet excitation magnetic pole and the permanent magnet non-excitation magnetic pole. It has a number (for example, 12) of poles.

  The permanent magnet exciting magnetic pole of the first outer diameter side rotor core 56 and the permanent magnet non-exciting magnetic pole of the second outer diameter side rotor core 58 are arranged to face each other through the gap 60 in the axial direction. That is, the permanent magnet 64 of the first outer diameter side rotor core 56 and the rotor teeth 66 of the second outer diameter side rotor core 58 are arranged to face each other via the gap 60 in the axial direction. Further, the permanent magnet non-excitation magnetic pole of the first outer diameter side rotor core 56 and the permanent magnet excitation magnetic pole of the second outer diameter side rotor core 58 are arranged to face each other via the gap 60 in the axial direction. That is, the rotor teeth 62 of the first outer diameter side rotor core 56 and the permanent magnets 68 of the second outer diameter side rotor core 58 are arranged to face each other via the gap 60 in the axial direction.

  In the gap 60, that is, between the first outer diameter side rotor core 56 and the second outer diameter side rotor core 58, there is an exciting coil 70 for exciting the permanent magnet non-exciting magnetic poles of the rotor teeth 62, 66. Is arranged. The exciting coil 70 fills the substantially entire area of the gap 60. The exciting coil 70 is formed in an annular shape around the shaft 50 and is toroidally wound. The exciting coil 70 is formed so that the axial thickness in each part in the radial direction is substantially uniform. The exciting coil 70 is disposed on the outer diameter side of the shaft 50 and is disposed on the inner diameter side of the second stator core 32, and faces the second stator core 32 in the radial direction. The exciting coil 70 is fixed to the stator 14 or the stator core 24.

  The excitation coil 70 is fixed to the stator 14 using a holding member. The holding member is a clip member made of resin or the like having a U-shaped cross section so that the annular exciting coil 70 can be held from the inner diameter side, and a plurality of holding members are provided in the circumferential direction around the shaft 50. The exciting coil 70 is fixed to the stator 14 by attaching a plurality of holding members to the stator 14 while holding the exciting coil 70 by contacting the radially inner end face and the axial end face of the exciting coil 70. .

  As a method for fixing the exciting coil 70 to the stator 14, the exciting coil 70 may be directly fixed to the first to third stator cores 30 to 34 of the stator core 24. For example, a hole is formed in the axial end surface of the first stator core 30 and the third stator core 34 facing each other or the inner diameter surface of the second stator core 32, and a holding member is hooked through the hole, thereby moving the stator 14 of the exciting coil 70 to the stator 14. It is good also as realizing the fixation of.

  The lead wires 77 at both ends of the exciting coil 70 are led out through the stator 14, specifically, through the slots between the stator teeth 26 of the stator core 24 of the stator 14 in the axial direction. . A control device 79 that controls the hybrid excitation type rotating electrical machine 10 is connected to the lead wire 77. The exciting coil 70 is supplied with a direct current from the control device 79 to generate a magnetic flux penetrating the inner diameter side (axial center side) of the exciting coil 70 in the axial direction. This amount of magnetic flux has a magnitude corresponding to the direct current supplied to the exciting coil 70.

  The control device 79 includes an electronic control unit, and includes a controller 81 and a drive circuit 83. The drive circuit 83 is a circuit that can energize the exciting coil 70 in both directions, and is an H-bridge drive circuit that includes a power supply 85 and four switching elements 87. The controller 81 can turn on / off each switching element 87. The drive circuit 83 supplies a direct current in a predetermined direction X + to the exciting coil 70 by turning on a corresponding pair of switching elements 87 and turning off another pair of switching elements 87, and also turns on / off them. By reversing the OFF state, a direct current (reverse direct current) in the direction X− opposite to the predetermined direction X + is supplied to the exciting coil 70.

  The shaft 50 is formed in a hollow shape. The shaft 50 includes a large diameter cylindrical portion 72 having a relatively large diameter and small diameter cylindrical portions 74 and 76 having a relatively small diameter. The small diameter cylindrical portions 74 and 76 are provided at both axial ends. The shaft 50 is supported by the case 20 via the bearings 16 and 18 in the small diameter cylindrical portions 74 and 76. The large-diameter cylindrical portion 72 is provided at the center in the axial direction, and is sandwiched between small-diameter cylindrical portions 74 and 76 at both ends in the axial direction. The first and second outer-diameter-side rotor cores 56 and 58 are disposed on the outer-diameter side of the large-diameter cylindrical portion 72 and supported by the large-diameter cylindrical portion 72, and are arranged on the outer-diameter surface of the large-diameter cylindrical portion 72. It is fixed.

  The rotor core 52 has an inner diameter side rotor core 80 that is disposed on the inner diameter side of the shaft 50 and supported by the shaft 50. The inner diameter side rotor core 80 is disposed on the inner diameter side of the first outer diameter side rotor core 56 and the second outer diameter side rotor core 58 of the rotor core 52 and the exciting coil 70. A hollow space 82 is formed in the large-diameter cylindrical portion 72 of the shaft 50. The inner diameter side rotor core 80 is accommodated in the hollow space 82 of the large diameter cylindrical portion 72, and is bonded and fixed to the inner diameter surface of the large diameter cylindrical portion 72. The inner diameter side rotor core 80 is formed of a soft magnetic material, specifically, a material obtained by compression molding a soft magnetic powder coated with an insulating coating. The inner diameter side rotor core 80 is formed of a material whose iron loss is smaller than that of the shaft 50.

  The inner diameter side rotor core 80 is divided in the circumferential direction, and includes a plurality of (for example, six) rotor core pieces 84 formed in a fan shape when viewed from the axial direction. The division in the circumferential direction of the inner diameter side rotor core 80 is performed at equal intervals (equal angles) in the circumferential direction, and the respective rotor core pieces 84 have the same shape. The number of divisions in the circumferential direction of the inner diameter side rotor core 80, that is, the number of rotor core pieces 84 is the number of poles of the first and second outer diameter side rotor cores 56, 58 in the outer diameter side rotor core 54 or a divisor of the number of poles. For example, when the number of poles is “12”, the number of divisions is “2”, “3”, “4”, “6”, or “12” (in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the number of divisions is “6”. ”).

  The division in the circumferential direction of the inner diameter side rotor core 80 is also performed by permanent magnets 64 alternately arranged in the circumferential direction in the axial centers of the rotor 12 and the shaft 50 and the first and second outer diameter side rotor cores 56 and 58 of the rotor 12. , 68 and the rotor teeth 62, 66 (that is, the permanent magnet excitation magnetic pole and the permanent magnet non-excitation magnetic pole) are performed on a line passing through the circumferential center of each of two or more of them. That is, each plane including the dividing surface in the circumferential direction of the inner diameter side rotor core 80 passes through the axial center of the rotor 12 or the shaft 50, and any of the permanent magnets 64 and 68 and the rotor teeth 62 and 66 (that is, the permanent magnets). Passes through the center in the circumferential direction of the excitation magnetic pole and permanent magnet non-excitation magnetic pole).

  Further, the inner diameter side rotor core 80 has notch holes 86 and 88 that are vacant in the axial direction at the axial end portion. The notches 86 and 88 are provided at both ends in the axial direction. The cutout holes 86 and 88 are formed in a tapered shape or a stepped shape so that the diameter decreases from the axial end surface to the axial center. The diameters of the axial end portions (the shallowest portion) of the cutout holes 86 and 88 substantially coincide with the inner diameter of the large-diameter cylindrical portion 72 of the shaft 50, and the axial center portions (the deepest portion) of the cutout holes 86 and 88. The diameter is a predetermined diameter. The inner diameter side rotor core 80 has a predetermined thickness in the radial direction at the axially central portion, and has a thickness smaller than the thickness of the axially central portion at each axial end portion. The radial thickness of the large-diameter cylindrical portion 72 of the shaft 50 is set to a thickness that maintains the strength necessary for transmitting the motor torque, and the radial thickness at the axial central portion of the inner diameter side rotor core 80. Is set to a predetermined thickness that does not saturate the magnetic flux generated by the exciting coil 70, the radial thickness at the axially central portion of the inner diameter side rotor core 80 is the radial thickness of the large diameter cylindrical portion 72 of the shaft 50. Greater than thickness.

  The cutout hole 86 and the cutout hole 88 communicate with each other on the axial center side, and are connected through a through hole 89 that penetrates the deepest portions in the axial direction. That is, the inner diameter side rotor core 80 is formed in a hollow shape so that the through hole 89 is formed. The cutout holes 86 and 88 and the through hole 89 of the inner diameter side rotor core 80 are all provided on the axial center line of the shaft 50. The through hole 89 of the inner diameter side rotor core 80 has substantially the same diameter as that of the deepest part of the cutout holes 86 and 88.

  The rotor 12 is divided into two in the axial direction. The shaft 50 is divided into two in the axial direction, and includes two cup-shaped members 90 and 92 that are fitted to each other. The axial division position of the shaft 50 is substantially the center in the axial direction. The cup-shaped member 90 has a small-diameter cylindrical portion 74 and a part of the large-diameter cylindrical portion 72 (specifically, a half on the side connected to the small-diameter cylindrical portion 74). The cup-shaped member 92 has a small-diameter cylindrical portion 76 and a part of the large-diameter cylindrical portion 72 (specifically, a half on the side connected to the small-diameter cylindrical portion 76). The shaft 50 is formed by fitting the cup-shaped member 90 and the cup-shaped member 92 with each other. The cup-shaped member 90 supports the first outer diameter side rotor core 56, and the cup-shaped member 92 supports the second outer diameter side rotor core 58. The first outer diameter side rotor core 56 is fixed to the outer diameter surface of the cup-shaped member 90, and the second outer diameter side rotor core 58 is fixed to the outer diameter surface of the cup-shaped member 92.

  The cup-shaped members 90 and 92 are respectively formed with bolt holes 94 and 96 that are open in the axial direction on the center of the shaft. The bolt holes 94 and 96 have substantially the same diameter as the diameter of the through hole 89 of the inner diameter side rotor core 80. Bolts 98 are inserted into the bolt holes 94 and 96 of the cup-shaped members 90 and 92 and the through holes 89 of the inner diameter side rotor core 80. The cup-shaped member 90 and the cup-shaped member 92 are fastened by a bolt 98 while being fitted to each other.

  The inner diameter side rotor core 80 may be divided into two in the axial direction. In this case, the axially divided position of the inner diameter side rotor core 80 may correspond to the axially divided position of the shaft 50, or may be substantially the center in the axial direction. One of the divided inner diameter side rotor cores 80 is bonded and fixed to the inner diameter surface of the cup-shaped member 90 of the shaft 50, and the other divided one of the inner diameter side rotor core 80 is fixed to the inner diameter surface of the cup-shaped member 92. You can do that.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the flow of magnetic flux in the hybrid excitation type rotating electrical machine 10 of the present embodiment.

  In the structure of the hybrid excitation type rotating electrical machine 10 described above, the controller 81 directs the excitation coil 70 in the predetermined direction X + at a timing at which the permanent magnet non-excitation magnetic poles of the first and second outer diameter side rotor cores 56 and 58 should be excited. The switching element 87 is driven to switch so that a current flows. When a direct current in a predetermined direction X + is supplied to the annular exciting coil 70, a magnetic flux is generated that penetrates the inner diameter side (axial center side) of the exciting coil 70 from one axial direction to the other.

  The magnetic flux generated by the electromagnet using the exciting coil 70 by direct current excitation in the predetermined direction X + is the permanent magnet non-excited magnetic pole of the second or first outer diameter side rotor core 58, 56 → the inner diameter side rotor core 80 → the first or second outer diameter. Permanent magnet non-excited magnetic pole of the side rotor cores 56, 58 → air gap 22 → stator core 24 → air gap 22 → path consisting of the permanent magnet non-excited magnetic poles of the second or first outer diameter side rotor cores 58, 56 (single solid line in FIG. 6) The route indicated by the arrow). When such a magnetic flux is generated, the permanent magnet non-excitation magnetic poles of the first and second outer diameter side rotor cores 56 and 58 are excited. The magnetic flux generated by the electromagnet weakens the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnets 64 and 68. Further, the amount of magnetic flux generated by the electromagnet is adjusted according to the magnitude of the direct current flowing in the exciting coil 70 in the predetermined direction X +.

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the torque for rotating the rotor 12 relative to the stator 14 can be adjusted by the combined magnetic flux of the magnetic flux by the permanent magnets 64 and 68 and the magnetic flux by the electromagnet using the exciting coil 70. The controller 81 performs switching driving of the switching element 87 so that the direct current in the predetermined direction + supplied to the exciting coil 70 becomes a predetermined amount. For this reason, the rotor 12 can be appropriately rotated by the electromagnet using the exciting coil 70.

  Further, in this embodiment, after the hybrid excitation type rotating electrical machine 10 is assembled and manufactured, the controller 81 is a timing at which the permanent magnets 64 and 68 of the first and second outer diameter side rotor cores 56 and 58 should be magnetized. Thus, the switching element 87 is driven to switch so that a direct current (reverse direct current) in the direction X− opposite to the predetermined direction X + flows through the exciting coil 70. When a reverse direct current is supplied to the annular exciting coil 70, a magnetic flux is generated that penetrates the inner diameter side (axial center side) of the exciting coil 70 from the other axial direction to the other.

  The magnetic flux generated by the electromagnet using the exciting coil 70 by direct current excitation of the reverse direct current is the permanent magnet 64 or 68 of the first or second outer diameter side rotor core 56, 58 → the inner diameter side rotor core 80 → second or first outer surface. Permanent magnet 68 or 64 of radial rotor core 58, 56 → air gap 22 → stator core 24 → air gap 22 → path consisting of permanent magnet 64 or 68 of first or second outer diameter rotor core 56, 58 (single single in FIG. 6) The route indicated by the dashed arrows). When such a magnetic flux is generated, the permanent magnets 64 and 68 are excited and magnetized on the increasing side. The amount of magnetic flux at this time is adjusted according to the magnitude of the reverse direct current flowing through the exciting coil 70.

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, a direct current (reverse direct current) in the opposite direction X− that is different from the direct current in the predetermined direction X + that generates a magnetic flux that weakens the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnets 64 and 68 is generated in the exciting coil 70. By flowing, the permanent magnets 64 and 68 can be magnetized and magnetized. For this reason, it is sufficient to prepare a circuit capable of bidirectionally energizing the exciting coil 70 as the drive circuit 83 for magnetizing and magnetizing the permanent magnets 64 and 68. It is possible to easily realize the magnetization and magnetization of 64 and 68 by using the components of the hybrid excitation rotating electric machine 10 without using a dedicated magnetizing device.

  The controller 81 is connected to each of the plurality of stator coils 28 arranged in the circumferential direction via a drive circuit 99, and the permanent magnets 64 of the first and second outer diameter side rotor cores 56, 58 are connected to each other. It is also possible to further control the current flowing through the stator coil 28 at the timing when the magnet 68 is to be magnetized.

  That is, in the rotation control of the hybrid excitation type rotating electrical machine 10, the current flowing through the stator coil 28 is separated into the magnetic flux direction of the permanent magnets 64 and 68 and the orthogonal direction orthogonal to the direction, and is adjusted independently. Then, vector control for controlling the magnetic flux and the generated torque is performed. In controlling the current flowing through the stator coil 28, a current value represented by a so-called dq coordinate system that rotates with the rotor 12 is used. In this dq coordinate system, the d-axis is the direction of magnetic flux by the permanent magnets 64 and 68 attached to the rotor 12, while the q-axis is the direction orthogonal to the d-axis. Of the current flowing through the stator coil 28, the q-axis current representing the q-axis component is a component that generates rotational torque, and the d-axis current representing the d-axis component is a component that generates magnetic flux.

  The controller 81 generates a magnetic flux that magnetizes the permanent magnets 64 and 68 in the starter coil 28 at a timing at which the permanent magnets 64 and 68 of the first and second outer diameter side rotor cores 56 and 58 should be magnetized. Control is performed so that the d-axis current flows. When such d-axis current is supplied, magnetic flux is generated in the positive direction in which the permanent magnets 64 and 68 are magnetized. This magnetic flux is the permanent magnet 64 or 68 of the first or second outer diameter side rotor core 56, 58 → the inner diameter side rotor core 80 → the permanent magnet non-exciting magnetic pole of the first or second outer diameter side rotor core 56, 58 → the air gap 22. → Stator core 24 → air gap 22 → circulates along a path (path indicated by a double-dashed arrow in FIG. 6) composed of the permanent magnets 64 or 68 of the first or second outer diameter side rotor cores 56, 58. When such a magnetic flux is generated, the permanent magnets 64 and 68 are excited and magnetized on the increasing side. The amount of magnetic flux at this time is adjusted according to the magnitude of the d-axis current flowing through the stator coil 28.

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the permanent magnets 64 and 68 can be magnetized and magnetized by passing a d-axis current that generates magnetic flux for magnetizing the permanent magnets 64 and 68 in the stator coil 28. In this respect, in this embodiment, the permanent magnets 64 and 68 are magnetized and magnetized so that a reverse direct current flows through the exciting coil 70 and a magnetic flux that magnetizes the permanent magnets 64 and 68 in the stator coil 28 is generated. Since it can be realized by flowing a d-axis current, the permanent magnets 64 and 68 can be magnetized and magnetized reliably and quickly, and the above-described effects can be further enhanced.

  The controller 81 may perform the magnetization process of the permanent magnets 64 and 68 as described above in a situation where the magnetization is necessary. For example, it may be performed, for example, in a magnetizing process or an inspection process immediately after the assembly of the hybrid excitation type rotating electrical machine 10 is completed. For example, it may be performed at the time of re-magnetization after demagnetization of the permanent magnets 64 and 68 occurs. According to such a configuration, even when demagnetization occurs in the permanent magnets 64 and 68 during use of the hybrid excitation type rotating electrical machine 10, the permanent magnets 64 and 68 can be re-magnetized thereafter, so that the hybrid excitation is performed. The hybrid excitation type rotary electric machine 10 can be regenerated without disassembling the rotary electric machine 10 and without replacing the rotor 12. Further, when the hybrid excitation type rotating electrical machine 10 is mounted on a vehicle or the like, it may be performed every time the vehicle or the like is activated, or may be performed every predetermined time. According to such a configuration, the permanent magnets 64 and 68 are regularly magnetized and magnetized, so that the functions of the permanent magnets 64 and 68 can be maintained in a high state.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the permanent magnets 64 and 68 can be easily magnetized and magnetized by using the components in the hybrid excitation rotating electric machine 10 without using a dedicated magnetizing device. Therefore, even if a ferrite magnet having a relatively small magnetic force is used as the permanent magnets 64 and 68, a desired torque performance can be exhibited. It is possible to eliminate the use of a relatively large neodymium magnet, for example.

  In the above embodiment, the first and second outer-diameter-side rotor cores 56 and 58 are the “first rotor core” and “second rotor core” recited in the claims, and the drive circuit 83 is the claims. The timing at which the controller 81 should magnetize the permanent magnets 64 and 68 of the first and second outer-diameter-side rotor cores 56 and 58 in the “DC excitation circuit”, “normal excitation circuit”, and “magnetization circuit” described in FIG. In the "magnetization d-axis current control means" described in the claims, control is performed so that a d-axis current that generates magnetic flux for magnetizing the permanent magnets 64 and 68 in the starter coil 28 flows. Each corresponds.

  By the way, the hybrid excitation type rotating electrical machine of the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the hybrid excitation type rotating electrical machine 10 of the above-described embodiment. It is also possible to apply.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Hybrid excitation type rotary electric machine 12 Rotor 14 Stator 22 Air gap 24 Stator core 28 Stator coil 50 Shaft 52 Rotor core 54 Outer diameter side rotor core 56 First outer diameter side rotor core 58 Second outer diameter side rotor core 60 Clearance 64, 68 Permanent magnet 70 Excitation Coil 79 Control device 80 Inner diameter side rotor core 81 Controller 83 Drive circuit

Claims (6)

A rotor having a rotor core comprising a first magnetic pole excited by a permanent magnet and a second magnetic pole not excited by a permanent magnet;
A stator for generating a rotating magnetic field for rotating the rotor;
An exciting coil for exciting the second magnetic pole;
A DC excitation circuit capable of supplying a direct current in both directions to the excitation coil;
A hybrid excitation type rotating electrical machine comprising:   The DC excitation circuit includes a normal excitation circuit for supplying a direct current in a predetermined direction to the excitation coil to excite the second magnetic pole, and a direction opposite to the predetermined direction for the excitation coil to magnetize the permanent magnet. A hybrid excitation rotating electric machine according to claim 1, further comprising: a magnetizing circuit that supplies a direct current.   3. The hybrid excitation rotating electric machine according to claim 2, wherein the magnetizing circuit supplies a DC current in the opposite direction to the excitation coil when the permanent magnet is required to be magnetized.   3. The hybrid excitation rotating electric machine according to claim 2, wherein the magnetizing circuit supplies a DC current in the opposite direction to the excitation coil at every start-up or every predetermined time.   When the magnetizing circuit supplies a DC current in the opposite direction to the exciting coil to magnetize the permanent magnet, a d-axis current that generates a magnetic flux that magnetizes the permanent magnet in the stator coil of the stator is generated. 5. The hybrid excitation type rotating electric machine according to claim 1, further comprising d-axis current control means for supplying magnetized. The rotor is divided with a gap in the axial direction, the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and the polarities of the first magnetic poles are different from each other, The first magnetic pole and the other second magnetic pole have first and second rotor cores arranged to face each other via the gap in the axial direction,
The hybrid excitation rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the excitation coil is disposed in the gap.

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