JP2013166141A - Vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator excellent in heat efficiency.SOLUTION: The vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator 1 includes: a heater 3 for heating supplied raw material seawater by heat from a heat source to generate vapor; an enclosed type container body 2 to which the vapor generated in the heater 3 is introduced; a decompression means (water ejector) 7 for decompressing inside of the container body 2; a condenser 4 for cooling the vapor inside the container body 2 by sea water for cooling to generate fresh water; and a preheater 5 for heating a part of the seawater for cooling discharged from the condenser 4 by the vapor in the container body 2 to supply the water to the preheater 3 as raw material seawater. Each heat transfer pipe 40 or 50 of at least the condenser 4 or of the preheater 5 is unevenly processed on the inner surface or on the outer surface.

Description

  The present invention relates to a vacuum evaporative freshwater generator for producing fresh water from seawater, and more particularly to a vacuum evaporative freshwater generator equipped with a preheater.

  In general, for ships operating at sea, fresh water is produced by evaporating seawater pumped from the sea under high vacuum using steam from boilers installed on the ship or waste heat from diesel engines and others as heat sources. This has been done conventionally. In general, this type of vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator has an internal pressure reduced by a heater for heating and evaporating the supplied raw material seawater by heat exchange with hot water used for cooling a diesel engine and the like, and a decompression means ( A hermetically sealed container body that is held in a vacuum state and condenses the generated steam to make it desalinated. A condenser having a plurality of heat transfer tubes is built in the container body, and the steam is desalinated by cooling and condensing the steam by heat exchange with cooling seawater flowing inside the heat transfer tubes. A part of the cooling seawater discharged from the condenser is supplied to the heater as raw seawater.

  The raw seawater supplied to the heater has a slightly higher temperature due to heat exchange with steam in the condenser, but is considerably lower than the evaporation temperature of the seawater. Therefore, in the vacuum evaporation type water freshener having the above-described configuration, the raw seawater is not efficiently heated and evaporated in the heater. Then, after further heating the seawater for cooling (raw material seawater) discharged from the condenser, a vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator provided with a preheater to be supplied to the heater has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1). .

  In the vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator of patent document 1, the multi-tube type preheater of the structure similar to a condenser is provided above the condenser. The cooling seawater introduced from the condenser into the heat transfer pipe of the preheater is further heated by heat exchange with the steam generated in the container body, and is supplied to the heater as raw seawater at a higher temperature. It has become so. Thereby, in the vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator of patent document 1, while improving the thermal efficiency of a heater, size reduction of the whole apparatus is achieved.

JP-A-6-254534

  However, the vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator of Patent Document 1 is configured to improve the thermal efficiency of the heater by providing a preheater and increasing the temperature of the raw seawater supplied to the heater. However, since improvement of the heat transfer performance of each heat transfer tube constituting the preheater (and the condenser) has not been particularly studied, there is room for further improvement in this respect.

  The present invention has been made by paying attention to the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator having excellent thermal efficiency.

  The above-mentioned object of the present invention is to heat the supplied raw seawater by heat from the heat source in a vacuum evaporation type water making apparatus that produces fresh water from seawater taken into the ship using heat from a heat source mounted on the ship. And a heater for generating steam, a sealed container body into which steam generated by the heater is introduced, a decompression means for decompressing the inside of the container body, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes, the container body A condenser for generating fresh water by cooling the steam in the seawater with cooling water, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes, and a part of the seawater for cooling discharged from the condenser by steam in the container body A preheater that heats and supplies the heater as raw seawater, and each of the heat transfer tubes of the condenser and the preheater has a vacuum evaporative structure in which an inner surface or an outer surface is processed to be uneven. Achieved by water device.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is an auxiliary pump between the condenser and the preheater that boosts a part of the seawater for cooling discharged from the condenser and supplies the seawater to the preheater. It is characterized by being provided.

  In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pump for supplying cooling seawater to the condenser is provided, and the pump supplies seawater pumped from the sea to each seawater use location of a ship including a diesel engine. It is characterized by being a seawater pump.

  In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pump for supplying cooling seawater to the condenser is provided, the decompression means is a water ejector driven by seawater, and the pump is An ejector pump for supplying driving seawater to the water ejector, wherein driving seawater discharged from the water ejector is supplied to the condenser as cooling seawater.

  In the vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator of the above embodiment, the heat transfer tube is preferably constituted by a corrugated tube. Or it is preferable that the said heat exchanger tube is uneven | corrugated by providing a processus | protrusion or a groove | channel integrally in an inner surface or an outer surface.

  In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure reducing means is a water ejector driven by seawater, further comprising an ejector pump for supplying driving seawater to the water ejector, wherein the ejector pump Is characterized in that a part of the cooling seawater discharged from the condenser is pressurized and supplied to the water ejector and also supplied to the preheater. In this embodiment, the apparatus further includes a pump for supplying cooling seawater to the condenser, and the pump supplies seawater pumped from the sea to each seawater use site of a ship including a diesel engine. It is preferable that Further, it is more preferable that the heat transfer tube is formed of a corrugated tube, or the heat transfer tube is processed to be uneven by providing protrusions or grooves integrally on the inner surface or the outer surface.

  Furthermore, in the vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator of all the embodiments described above, the heater has a plurality of heating pipes into which the raw seawater can be introduced, and each heating pipe has an inner surface or an outer surface that is uneven. It is preferable that

  According to the vacuum evaporation type water freshener according to the present invention, the heat transfer performance of each heat transfer tube can be improved because the inner surface or the outer surface of each heat transfer tube of at least one of the condenser and the preheater is uneven. it can. Therefore, the temperature of the raw material seawater supplied from the preheater to the heater can be made higher than that of an existing vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator in which each heat transfer tube is constituted by a smooth tube. Therefore, the thermal efficiency of the heater can be further improved.

It is a schematic block diagram of the vacuum evaporation type water preparation apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the apparatus main body of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the II line | wire of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the II-II line of FIG. It is sectional drawing of a heat exchanger tube. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the apparatus main body of other embodiment. It is sectional drawing of a heating tube. It is a schematic block diagram of the vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator concerning other embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator concerning other embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator concerning other embodiment of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a device main body 6 of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator 1 of the present embodiment includes a device body 6 including a sealed container body 2, a heater 3, a condenser 4 and a preheater 5, and a container. Pressure reducing means 7 for holding the main body 2 in a reduced pressure (vacuum) state. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a hull of the ship, and reference numeral 11 denotes a seawater pump that is provided in the ship and pumps seawater from the sea. Seawater pumped up by the seawater pump 11 is supplied to various seawater use locations, for example, a diesel engine mounted in a ship as jacket cooling water for cooling the seawater, and is also evaporated to the condenser 4 by vacuum evaporation. It is supplied as cooling water for fresh water produced by the water freshener 1.

  The container body 2 has a heater 3 connected to the lower part and a condenser 4 and a preheater 5 built in the upper part. In addition, a degassing pipe 102 is provided at the upper part of the container body 2, and a brine outlet 103 is provided at a position higher than the lower heater 3.

  The gas vent pipe 102 is connected to the decompression means 7 via the gas pipe line 17. The decompression means 7 is constituted by a water ejector in the present embodiment, and the non-condensable gas inside the container body 2 is sucked by the water ejector 7 from the degassing pipe 102, so that the inside of the container body 2 is at atmospheric pressure. The container body 2 is kept in a low reduced pressure (vacuum) state, and the raw seawater described later is evaporated and condensed in the reduced pressure (vacuum) state. Further, the brine outlet 103 is connected to the water ejector 7 via the brine discharge pipe 18, and the brine (seawater) after evaporation in the container body 2 described later is sucked by the water ejector 7 from the brine outlet 103. After that, it is discharged outside the ship.

  The heater 3 includes a sealed heating chamber 30 and a plurality of heating tubes 31 provided in the heating chamber 30. The plurality of heating tubes 31 are arranged so as to extend in the vertical direction, and both ends thereof are connected to the upper wall surface and the lower wall surface of the heating chamber 30. A seawater supply chamber 32 is connected to the lower part of the heating chamber 30, and the seawater supply chamber 32 is provided with a raw seawater inlet 33 for introducing the raw seawater into each heating pipe 31. The side wall surface of the heating chamber 30 is provided with a hot water inlet 34 and a hot water outlet 35 through which hot water such as jacket cooling water used for cooling a diesel engine is introduced and discharged, respectively. The raw material seawater introduced into each heating pipe 31 from the raw material seawater introduction port 33 is heated and evaporated by heat exchange with the hot water introduced into the heating chamber 30 from the hot water introduction port 34, and becomes steam to become the container body 2. Supplied in.

  The condenser 4 is for generating fresh water by cooling the steam supplied into the container body 2, and has a plurality of heat transfer tubes 40 and both ends of a heat transfer tube group in which the plurality of heat transfer tubes 40 are bundled. And a first header 9A and a second header 9B, respectively. Each heat transfer tube 40 is disposed so as to extend in the horizontal direction, and both ends thereof are connected to the left wall surface and the right wall surface of the container body 2.

  A plurality of heat transfer tubes 50 constituting the preheater 5 are provided above the condenser 4. The plurality of heat transfer tubes 50 are also arranged so as to extend in the horizontal direction, and both end portions thereof are connected to the left wall surface and the right wall surface of the container body 2 and communicate with the first header 9A and the second header 9B. .

  Partition plates 90A and 90B are provided in the first and second headers 9A and 9B, respectively. Both headers 9A and 9B are partitioned into upper preheating header chambers 91A and 91B and lower condensing header chambers 92A and 92B by partition plates 90A and 90B. The preheating header chambers 91 </ b> A and 91 </ b> B communicate with the respective heat transfer tubes 50 constituting the preheater 5, while the condensing header chambers 92 </ b> A and 92 </ b> B communicate with the respective heat transfer tubes 40 constituting the condenser 4. Yes.

  As shown in FIG. 3, partition plates 93A and 93B are provided in the condensing header chambers 92A and 92B, respectively. The condensing header 92A of the first header 9A is partitioned by a partition plate 93A into a cooling water inlet chamber 94a on the back side and a return chamber 94b on the near side. The condensation header 92B of the second header 9B is partitioned into a cooling water outlet chamber 94d on the near side and a folding chamber 94c on the far side by a partition plate 93B.

  The cooling water inlet chamber 94 a is provided with a cooling water inlet 95 for introducing cooling seawater for cooling and condensing the steam in the container body 2. The cooling water inlet 95 is connected to a cooling water supply line 13 connected to a seawater supply line 12 from the seawater pump 11 to each seawater use location in the ship (see FIG. 1). By operation, seawater is introduced as cooling water. The cooling seawater introduced into the cooling water inlet chamber 94a relays the inside of each heat transfer tube 40 through the folding chambers 94b and 94c as shown by the arrows in FIG. 3, and cools the other second header 9B. It flows toward the water outlet chamber 94d. The steam supplied into the container body 2 is condensed by being cooled by heat exchange with the cooling seawater flowing in the heat transfer tubes 40, and the fresh water generated by the condensation is fresh water provided in the container body 2. It is taken out from the outlet 96.

  The cooling water outlet chamber 94d is provided with a cooling water outlet 97 for discharging the cooling seawater. A part of the cooling seawater discharged from the cooling water outlet 97 is supplied to the ejector pump 8 through the branch pipe 14, and the other part is supplied to the preheater 5 through the water supply pipe 15, and the rest. Is discharged outside the ship or the like (see FIG. 1). The ejector pump 8 is for driving the water ejector 7 and is provided integrally with the apparatus main body 6. The cooling seawater supplied to the ejector pump 8 is boosted by the ejector pump 8 and then supplied to the water ejector 7. After the water ejector 7 is driven, it is discharged outside the ship.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4, two partition plates 98A and 98B are provided in the preheating header chambers 91A and 91B, respectively. The preheating header 91A of the first header 9A is partitioned by a partition plate 98A into a raw material seawater outlet chamber 99f and center and front folding chambers 99d and 99e. Further, the preheating header 91B of the second header 9B is partitioned by a partition plate 98B into a raw material seawater inlet chamber 99a on the front side and folding chambers 99b and 99c on the center and back sides.

  The raw seawater inlet chamber 99a is provided with a raw seawater inlet 100 for introducing a part of the cooling seawater discharged from the condenser 4. A water supply pipe 15 is connected to the raw material seawater inlet 100, and an auxiliary pump 9 is provided in the water supply pipe 15 (see FIG. 1). A part of the cooling seawater discharged from the condenser 4 is introduced into the raw material seawater inlet chamber 99a while being pressurized by the auxiliary pump 9. Then, as shown by the arrows in FIG. 4, the heat transfer tubes 50 constituting the preheater 5 are relayed through the folding chambers 99b to 99e and directed to the raw seawater outlet chamber 99f of the other first header 9A. Flowing. At this time, the cooling seawater is introduced into the raw material seawater outlet chamber 99f while being heated by heat exchange with the steam supplied into the container body 2 when flowing in each heat transfer tube 50.

  The raw seawater outlet chamber 99f is provided with a raw seawater outlet 101 for discharging cooling seawater. The cooling seawater discharged from the raw seawater outlet 101 is supplied as raw seawater to the seawater supply chamber 32 via the raw seawater supply pipe 16.

  Thus, due to the presence of the preheater 5 having the above-described configuration, a part of the cooling seawater discharged from the condenser 4 is warmed by heat exchange with the relatively high temperature steam supplied into the container body 2. Is supplied to the heater 3 as raw seawater. Therefore, the temperature of the raw material seawater supplied to the heater 3 can be further increased, and the thermal efficiency of the heater 3 can be improved.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the heat transfer tubes 40 constituting the condenser 4 and the heat transfer tubes 50 constituting the preheater 5 have an uneven inner surface and outer surface. In the present embodiment, each heat transfer tube 40, 50 is constituted by a corrugated tube, and has a plurality of convex portions 42, 52 and concave portions 43, 53 alternately and continuously on its tube walls 41, 51. Yes. The cross-sectional shapes of the convex portions 42 and 52 and the concave portions 43 and 53 are not only mountain shapes as shown in FIG. 5A, but also rectangular shapes and waves as shown in FIGS. 5B and 5C. It can be formed in various shapes such as a shape.

  In addition to the corrugated pipe, each of the heat transfer pipes 40 and 50 includes a plurality of annular protrusions extending in the circumferential direction with respect to a smooth pipe having smooth pipe walls 41 and 51, and the inner and outer surfaces of the pipe walls 41 and 51. In addition, it is also possible to use a processed tube that is unevenly formed by providing it integrally at a predetermined interval in the axial direction. In addition, as the processing tube, the projections may be unevenly formed by integrally providing protrusions on the inner surface and the outer surface of the tube walls 41 and 51 of the smooth tube. Convex / concave processing may be performed by integrally providing the inner and outer surfaces of the tube walls 41 and 51 in the same manner as the protrusions. Further, a plurality of protrusions or grooves extending in the axial direction may be formed on the smooth tube by integrally providing the inner and outer surfaces of the tube walls 41 and 51 at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. As described above, if the surface areas of the heat transfer tubes 40 and 50 are increased, the method of processing the inner and outer surfaces of the tube walls 41 and 51 is free.

  In the vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator 1 of the present embodiment, the inner and outer surfaces of the heat transfer tubes 40 and 50 of the condenser 4 and the preheater 5 are processed to be uneven, so that the outer diameter is compared with a smooth tube having substantially the same outer diameter. Thus, the surface area of each of the heat transfer tubes 40 and 50 is increased, that is, a larger heat transfer area can be secured during heat exchange inside and outside the heat transfer tube, and the cooling seawater flowing in the heat transfer tube is agitated by the unevenness. As a result, the heat transfer efficiency between the steam and the seawater for cooling on the heat transfer surfaces (tube walls 41, 51) is improved. As a result, the amount of heat exchange between the heat transfer tubes 40, 50 is increased. Therefore, by processing the inner and outer surfaces of the heat transfer tubes 40 and 50, the cooling seawater flowing in the heat transfer tubes 40 and 50 is heated to a higher temperature by heat exchange with the steam than when a smooth tube is used. As a result of being able to heat, the temperature of the raw material seawater supplied to the heater 3 can be made higher. Therefore, the thermal efficiency of the heater 3 can be further improved.

  On the other hand, when the inner and outer surfaces of the heat transfer tubes 40 and 50 are processed to be uneven, the tube friction coefficient increases due to the unevenness, and the pressure loss of the cooling seawater flowing in the heat transfer tubes increases. Therefore, in order to prevent the flow of the cooling seawater from deteriorating, it is necessary to take measures such as increasing the size of the heat transfer tube or increasing the capacity / lift of the seawater pump. As for the condenser 4, the seawater after being pressurized by the seawater pump 11 is supplied, so that it is not easily affected by an increase in pressure loss, but the preheater 5 is the cooling seawater discharged from the condenser 4. And the pressure loss of the preheater 5 itself also increases, so that the seawater pressure at the raw material seawater outlet 101, which is the outlet of the preheater 5, is greatly reduced as compared with the case where a smooth pipe is used. If the pressure loss increases and the seawater supply pressure from the raw seawater outlet 101 decreases, the raw seawater may not be sufficiently supplied to the heater 3. In order to solve this problem, it is conceivable to increase the capacity and head of the seawater pump 11, but if the capacity of the large-scale seawater pump 11 that supplies seawater to each seawater use location in the ship is further increased, the pump There is a problem that the operating expenses such as the cost and the amount of power consumption increase significantly. Therefore, in the vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator 1 of the present embodiment, a small auxiliary pump 9 is provided in the water supply line 15 between the condenser 4 and the preheater 5, and the cooling water discharged from the condenser 4 is used. Seawater is boosted by the auxiliary pump 9 and then supplied to the preheater 5. Thereby, also in the preheater 5, since it can respond to the increase in the pressure loss of the seawater for cooling, promoting the heat exchange between steam, ensuring the water supply amount of raw material seawater with respect to the heater 3 enough. Is possible.

  According to the vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator 1 having the above configuration, the multi-tube preheater 5 is provided above the multi-tube condenser 4 of the container body 2 to heat the raw seawater supplied to the heater 3. Therefore, a space for providing the preheater 5 separately from the condenser 4 is not required, and the apparatus can be downsized.

  Furthermore, since the inner and outer surfaces of the heat transfer tubes 40 and 50 of the condenser 4 and the preheater 5 are uneven, the heat transfer performance of the heat transfer tubes 40 and 50 can be improved. Therefore, the temperature of the raw material seawater supplied from the condenser 4 to the heater 3 via the preheater 5 is compared with that of the existing vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator in which the heat transfer tubes 40 and 50 are constituted by smooth tubes. Since the temperature can be further increased, the thermal efficiency of the heater 3 can be further improved. Further, an auxiliary pump 9 is provided in the water supply line 15 between the condenser 4 and the preheater 5, and the seawater for cooling discharged from the condenser 4 is boosted by the auxiliary pump 9, and then is supplied to the preheater 5. Since it supplies, it can respond to the increase in the pressure loss of the seawater for cooling (raw material seawater) which flows through each heat exchanger tube 50 of the preheater 5. Therefore, the raw material seawater can be sufficiently supplied to the heater 3. As a result, the amount of fresh water produced in the vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator 1 can be increased, and the fresh water performance of the device can be improved. On the other hand, each heat transfer tube of the condenser 4 and the preheater 5 is improved by improving the water generation performance of the device as compared with the existing vacuum evaporation type water freshwater generation device in which the heat transfer tubes 40 and 50 are constituted by smooth tubes. Even if the number of 40 and 50 is reduced, it is possible to produce almost the same amount of fresh water. Therefore, the apparatus can be made compact.

  In addition, in the existing vacuum evaporation type water making apparatus in which each of the heat transfer tubes 40 and 50 is constituted by a smooth tube, the smooth tube is simply replaced with a corrugated tube or a processed tube whose inner and outer surfaces are unevenly processed. Since the water production performance is improved, it is possible to upgrade the existing vacuum evaporation type water production apparatus simply and at low cost.

  As mentioned above, although one Embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, A various change is possible unless it deviates from the meaning of this invention. For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 1 described above, the inner and outer surfaces of the heat transfer tubes 40 and 50 are unevenly processed, but only one of the inner and outer surfaces may be unevenly processed.

  Further, the heat transfer tubes 40 and 50 of the condenser 4 and the preheater 5 are processed to be uneven, but only one of the heat transfer tubes 40 of the condenser 4 or the heat transfer tubes 50 of the preheater 5 is provided. An uneven process may be applied.

  In addition, as with the heat transfer tubes 40 and 50 of the condenser 4 and the preheater 5, unevenness processing may be performed on each heating tube 31 of the heater 3. FIG. 6 shows an embodiment (a modification of FIG. 2) in which the heating pipes 31 of the heater 3 are also subjected to uneven processing in addition to the heat transfer pipes 40 and 50 of the condenser 4 and the preheater 5. Yes. As shown in FIG. 7, each heating tube 31 has a large number of convex portions 31 </ b> B and concave portions 31 </ b> C continuously arranged on the tube wall 31 </ b> A, as in the case of the heat transfer tubes 40 and 50 of the condenser 4 and the preheater 5. It has an uneven surface on its inner and outer surfaces. The cross-sectional shape of the convex portion 31B and the concave portion 31C includes various shapes such as a rectangular shape and a wave shape as shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C in addition to the mountain shape as shown in FIG. It can be formed in the shape of As the heating pipe 31 having the above-described configuration, a corrugated pipe can be suitably used. In addition to the corrugated pipe, a plurality of annular protrusions extending in the circumferential direction are provided on the smooth pipe having a smooth pipe wall 31A. You may use the processing pipe which was unevenly processed by providing in the axial direction at the inner surface and outer surface of wall 31A at predetermined intervals. Further, as the processed tube, the projections may be formed in a convex and concave manner by integrally providing protrusions on the inner surface and the outer surface of the tube wall 31A of the smooth tube, and a groove may be formed instead of the protrusion in the tube wall of the smooth tube. Convex and concave processing may be performed by integrally providing the inner surface and the outer surface of 31A in the same manner as the protrusions. Further, a plurality of protrusions or grooves extending in the axial direction may be formed on the smooth tube by integrally forming the inner surface and the outer surface of the tube wall 31A at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. Thus, if the surface area of each heating pipe | tube 31 becomes large, the method of unevenly processing the inner surface and outer surface of 31 A of tube walls is free.

  By subjecting the inner surface and the outer surface of each heating tube 31 of the heater 3 to an uneven surface, the surface area of each heating tube 30 is increased compared to a smooth tube having substantially the same outer diameter, that is, heat inside and outside the heating tube. A larger heat transfer area can be secured at the time of replacement. Furthermore, the heat transfer efficiency between the hot water and the raw material seawater on the heat transfer surface (tube wall 31A) is improved by stirring the raw material seawater flowing in the heating pipe by the unevenness. As a result, the heat exchange amount of each heating tube 31 increases. Therefore, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the raw seawater flowing through each heating pipe 31 is more efficiently heated and warm than the case where a smooth pipe is used by processing the inner and outer surfaces of each heating pipe 31. As a result of the heat exchange being performed and the heating efficiency of each heating pipe 31 being increased, the evaporation efficiency of the raw seawater can be improved, and the steam can be sufficiently supplied into the container body 2.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 1 described above, waste heat from the diesel engine is used as a heat source for heating and evaporating the raw seawater in the heater 3, but waste from the engine that generates waste heat is also used. Heat may be used, or the raw seawater may be heated and evaporated in the heater 3 using steam from a boiler.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 1 described above, a part of the cooling seawater discharged from the condenser 4 is boosted by the auxiliary pump 9 and supplied to the preheater 5 through the water supply line 15. However, the auxiliary pump 9 can be omitted. FIG. 8 is a modified example of the embodiment of FIG. 1 and shows a schematic configuration diagram of the vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator 1 in which the auxiliary pump 9 is omitted. The basic configuration is the same as the configuration of the embodiment of FIG. 1 described above, and the description thereof is omitted here by assigning the same reference numerals to the corresponding configurations.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 8, a part of the cooling seawater discharged from the condenser 4 is supplied to the ejector pump 8 via the branch pipe 14 and the rest is discharged outside the ship. The cooling seawater supplied to the ejector pump 8 is boosted by the ejector pump 8, and then a part thereof is supplied to the water ejector 7, while the rest is supplied to the preheater 5 through the water supply line 19. . Then, the seawater for cooling supplied to the preheater 5 is heated by heat exchange with the steam supplied into the container body 2, and then supplied to the heater 3 through the raw material seawater supply pipe 16 as raw seawater. Supplied. As described above, in the embodiment of FIG. 8, the discharge side pipe line of the ejector pump 8 is branched, and the ejector pump 8 supplies the precooled seawater to the preheater 5 through the water supply line 19. And it can respond to the increase in the pressure loss of the seawater for cooling which flows in each heat exchanger tube 50 of preheater 5, and can fully supply raw material seawater to heater 3. As a result, the same operations and effects as those in the embodiment of FIG. 1 can be realized, and the auxiliary pump 9 is not necessary, so that the apparatus can be simplified.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 1 described above, the ejector pump 8 is provided integrally with the apparatus main body 6. However, as shown in FIG. 9, the ejector pump 8 may be installed below the apparatus main body 6. Good. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, a part of the cooling seawater discharged from the condenser 4 is supplied to the ejector pump 8, but in the embodiment of FIG. 9, the ejector pump 8 is connected to the seawater from the sea. Is pumped up and supplied to the water ejector 7 as driving water.

  1, 8 and 9, the water ejector is used as the pressure reducing means 7, but it is not necessarily limited to this, and a vacuum pump or the like may be used.

  Furthermore, FIG. 10 has shown the schematic block diagram of the vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator 1 which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. The basic configuration is the same as that in the embodiment of FIG. 1 described above, and the detailed description is omitted by assigning the same reference numerals to the corresponding configurations.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 10, seawater supplied to the water ejector 7 as drive water from the ejector pump 8 is supplied to the condenser 4 via the cooling water supply circuit 13 for fresh water generation by the vacuum evaporation fresh water generator 1. It is supplied as cooling water. As the ejector pump 8, a small pump that pumps seawater from the sea and supplies it only to the water ejector 7 is used.

  Also in the embodiment of FIG. 10, the cooling seawater supplied to the condenser 4 is discharged from the condenser 4 after generating steam by cooling and condensing the steam supplied into the container body 2. However, after a part of the water is heated by heat exchange with the steam supplied to the preheater 5 and supplied into the container body 2, the seawater supply chamber is supplied as raw seawater via the raw seawater supply pipeline 16. 32. Here, the temperature of the raw material seawater supplied to the heater 3 can be further increased by subjecting at least one of the inner surface and the outer surface of each heat transfer tube 50 of the preheater 5 (and also each heat transfer tube 40 of the condenser 4) to an uneven surface. By making it high, the thermal efficiency of the heater 3 can be improved. On the other hand, in the embodiment of FIG. 10, the auxiliary pump 9 is not required by increasing the capacity of the ejector pump 8, and the cost of the preheater 5 is lower than that of increasing the capacity of the seawater pump 11. Since it can respond to the increase in the pressure loss of the seawater for cooling which flows in each heat exchanger tube 50 (and also each heat exchanger tube 40 of condenser 4), raw material seawater can fully be supplied to heater 3. As a result, the same operation and effect as the embodiment of FIG. 1 can be realized.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vacuum evaporation type water generator 2 Container body 3 Heater 4 Condenser 5 Preheater 7 Water ejector 8 Ejector pump 9 Auxiliary pump 11 Seawater pump 31 Heating pipe 40, 50 Heat transfer pipe

Claims (8)

In a vacuum evaporative fresh water generator that produces fresh water from seawater taken into the ship using heat from a heat source mounted on the ship,
A heater for generating steam by heating the supplied raw seawater with heat from a heat source;
A sealed container body into which steam generated by the heater is introduced;
Decompression means for decompressing the inside of the container body;
A condenser that has a plurality of heat transfer tubes, cools the steam in the container body with seawater for cooling, and generates fresh water;
A preheater having a plurality of heat transfer tubes, heating a part of the cooling seawater discharged from the condenser with steam in the container body and supplying the raw water to the heater as a raw seawater,
Each of the heat transfer tubes of at least one of the condenser and the preheater is a vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator whose inner surface or outer surface is processed to be uneven.   2. The auxiliary pump is provided between the condenser and the preheater, and an auxiliary pump that boosts a part of the cooling seawater discharged from the condenser and supplies the seawater to the preheater is provided. Vacuum evaporative fresh water generator. A pump for supplying seawater for cooling to the condenser;
The vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pump is a seawater pump for supplying seawater pumped from the sea to each seawater use location of the ship. A pump for supplying seawater for cooling to the condenser;
The decompression means is a water ejector driven by seawater, and the pump is an ejector pump for supplying seawater for driving to the water ejector,
The vacuum evaporative fresh water generator according to claim 1, wherein driving seawater discharged from the water ejector is supplied to the condenser as cooling seawater.   The said heat-transfer tube is a vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator in any one of Claims 1-4 comprised by the corrugated tube.   The vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat transfer tube is processed to be uneven by providing protrusions or grooves integrally on an inner surface or an outer surface. The decompression means is a water ejector driven by seawater,
An ejector pump for supplying driving water to the water ejector;
The vacuum evaporative fresh water generator according to claim 1, wherein the ejector pump pressurizes a part of the cooling seawater discharged from the condenser and supplies the pressure to the water ejector and the preheater. The heater has a plurality of heating pipes into which raw seawater can be introduced,
The vacuum evaporative fresh water generator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein each of the heating tubes has an inner surface or an outer surface that is uneven.

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