JP2013036193A - Ladder sleeper for railroad and manufacturing form therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ladder sleeper for railroad, allowing track maintenance work such as tamping (tamping of ballast) and leveling (track height control) to be continuously performed in a rail axial direction by using a track maintenance service car (multiple tie tamper) for cross sleeper and capable of preventing corner bend of a rail joint in a curved section after laying a rail, and a manufacturing form therefor.SOLUTION: A ladder sleeper consists of a plurality of longitudinal beams 2 laid in parallel in a rail axial direction and a plurality of transverse beams 3, 3 laid between the longitudinal beams 2, 2 in a direction perpendicular to the rail axial direction. A wing 4 is provided on the outside of each of the left and right longitudinal beams 2. The wing is disposed to be symmetrical with the transverse beam 3. The wings 4 are symmetrically arranged on respective outsides of the longitudinal beams 2. The longitudinal beams 2, the transverse beams 3, and the wings 4 are integrally molded with precast concrete.

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a railroad vertical sleeper laid on a ballast track and a manufacturing form thereof. Track maintenance such as adjusting the height of the rails) or lining (adjusting the track) can be performed continuously in the rail axis direction, and it prevents the occurrence of steps and corner breaks at the rail joints in the curved section after laying. can do. Here, the corner bend of the rail is a state where the plane curve of the rail near the joint is sharpened in a V shape without maintaining the original curve.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), the ballast track lays a ballast (crushed stone or gravel) 20 on a roadbed, and mainly supports a rail 22 by laying a horizontal sleeper 21 thereon. The train load is configured to be efficiently distributed to the ballast roadbed via the side sleepers 21 and transmitted to the roadbed.

  In addition, it is designed to reduce impact force by displacing itself, and to reduce the destruction of other track materials. It has low vibration and noise, good drainage, and low construction costs. Has been adopted since ancient times.

  However, when the train travels, the ballast track may cause subsidence, fine graining, and the like to break down, causing distortion in the rail 22 and making the train less comfortable to ride. Therefore, maintenance work such as regular adjustment by tamping (crushing gravel), etc., and restoration of the rail surface to a fixed position by leveling (track height adjustment) or lining (track adjustment) is lacking. I wo n’t.

  In addition, the rail joint is a weak spot for track maintenance. In particular, in a curved section, for example, as shown in FIG. Due to the lateral load from the train when passing, a step is generated in the rail joint by swelling outward, and the wheel collides with the rail 22b on the leading end side in the traveling direction, so that the corner is easily bent. .

  Even if there is no step at the rail joint, if there is a corner break, the rails 22a and 22b are laid in a so-called V-shape, so a collision of the wheels is inevitable.

  Since the corner joints of the rail joints cause a collision of the wheels, a great lateral pressure is generated on the rails, and they do not return to the original state after passing the train. Not only does this cause an increase, but in some cases, it also becomes a major issue in track maintenance related to travel safety, such as the occurrence of a sudden rail misalignment.

  By the way, the track maintenance work of the ballast track is performed by, for example, one or a plurality of tamping tools 23 such as claws operating in the rail axial direction on the inner side and the outer side of the rail 22 as shown in FIGS. This is performed by a track maintenance work vehicle (multiple tie tamper) that is provided in a set and runs on the rail 22.

  Specifically, the rail 22 is grabbed and lifted in millimeters to provide a gap below the side sleeper 21, and the ballast 20 is tightened by the tamping tool 23 from both sides of the side sleeper 21, By putting the ballast 20 underneath, the track is corrected to the planned height.

  However, in order to eliminate the drop of the rail 22 and the accompanying noise and vibration at the joint portion of the rail 22, for example, a railway vertical sleeper as shown in FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b). 24 is laid.

  In addition, recently, the amount of maintenance work can be greatly reduced compared to ordinary side sleepers, and the ballast pressure receiving area is large, so the load distribution of the train is excellent and the effect of reducing noise and vibration is large. “Ladder sleepers” have become widespread (see FIG. 6B).

  Here, the railroad vertical sleeper 24 is laid in parallel to the rail axis direction, and the vertical beam 24a that directly supports the joint portion of the rail 22 is laid in a direction perpendicular to the rail axis, and the vertical beams 24a are connected to each other. A cross beam is formed from the cross beam 24b that holds the gap.

  The ladder sleeper 25 is laid in parallel to the rail axis direction, and is disposed with a space between two vertical beams 25a that directly support the entire length of the rail 22 and the left and right vertical beams 25a, 25a. A plurality of joint members (steel pipes) 25b that join each other are formed in a ladder shape (see FIG. 6B).

Japanese Patent No. 39987875 Japanese Patent No. 4538664 JP 2002-275802 A JP 2001-279603 A JP-A-9-273102

  However, since the conventional vertical sleeper 24 for railroad does not have a protruding portion that disperses and transmits the train load to the roadbed ballast outside the vertical beam 24a, a sufficient tamping effect by the track maintenance work vehicle cannot be obtained ( (See FIG. 10).

  For this reason, the track maintenance work at the joint portion of the rail must be performed by a method such as human power other than the track maintenance work vehicle, and there is a problem that the rail maintenance work cannot be continuously performed in the rail axial direction by the track maintenance work vehicle. there were.

  The step of the rail joint can be eliminated by fixing the joint directly to the sleeper with a fastener (Fig. 7 (b)). However, the sleeper receives a lateral load from the train. Since it moves to the outside, it is impossible to prevent the rail from being bent.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can continuously perform track maintenance work such as tamping and leveling by a track maintenance work vehicle for a horizontal sleeper structure, and a rail joint portion in a curved section. It is an object of the present invention to provide a railroad vertical sleeper that can prevent corner breakage and a manufacturing formwork thereof.

  The railroad vertical sleeper according to claim 1 is a railroad vertical sleeper comprising a plurality of vertical beams laid in parallel in the rail axis direction and horizontal beams laid in a direction perpendicular to the rail axis between the vertical beams. In the above, a wing is provided outside the vertical beam.

  The present invention is such that a track maintenance work such as tamping can be continuously performed in the rail axial direction using a track maintenance work vehicle for a horizontal sleeper structure. According to the present invention, a rail is provided outside the vertical beam. By providing wings that can transmit the train load from the train to the ballast roadbed, a tamping effect can be sufficiently obtained even outside the longitudinal beam.

  For this reason, in the ballast track in which the vertical sleepers for railways according to the present invention are laid, track maintenance work such as tamping is continuously performed in the axial direction of the rail using the track maintenance work vehicle even at the rail joint portion. Can do.

  The shape of the wing is assumed to be a rectangular shape or a trapezoidal shape in plan view, but is not particularly limited. In addition, the wing may be integrally formed with precast concrete together with the vertical beam and the horizontal beam, but may be a retrofit type by bolts or welding. Further, the wing may be attached only at a position where the tamping effect is particularly large.

  At the joint of the rail in the curved section of the track, the rail on the front side of the connected traveling direction bulges outward due to the lateral load when the train passes, resulting in a step in the joint, and thus the connected traveling direction When the wheel collides with the rail on the front end side, the rail is easily bent (see FIG. 7A).

  The step of the rail joint can be eliminated by directly fixing the joint to the sleeper with a fastening bracket such as a fastening plate, but the sleeper itself moves outward due to a lateral load from the train. The corner breakage of the rail cannot be completely prevented (see FIG. 7B).

  According to the present invention, the transverse beam is integrally coupled by the vertical beam, and the wing is provided on the outer side of the vertical beam, so that the resistance to the movement of the sleeper in the rail direction is the weakness of the vertical sleeper. Force) increases, and the turning resistance increases as the turning radius increases. The increase in the resistance to the advancement and the rotation resistance can prevent the sleeper from moving, suppress the track deviation, and reliably prevent the rail from being bent.

  The railroad vertical sleeper according to claim 2 is the railroad vertical sleeper according to claim 1, characterized in that the wings are provided symmetrically with the cross beam.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to simultaneously perform a track maintenance operation such as tamping on both the outer side and the inner side of the longitudinal beam, and a large tamping can be obtained. In this case, the reinforcing bars arranged in the transverse beam and the tension materials such as PC steel materials inserted through the longitudinal beam are arranged extending through the longitudinal beam to the inside of the wing so that the wing becomes a part of the transverse beam. It is desirable to form the same integrally with the substrate in terms of manufacturing and improving the strength.

  The railway vertical sleeper according to claim 3 is the railway vertical sleeper according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the wings are provided symmetrically on both sides of the longitudinal beam.

  According to the present invention, the wing provided on the inside of the vertical beam has a function of transmitting the train load from the rail to the ballast road bed instead of the horizontal beam, thereby eliminating the unnecessary horizontal beam and reducing the weight of the sleeper. In addition, the manufacturing cost can be reduced (see FIGS. 1B and 1C).

  The railroad vertical sleeper according to claim 4 is the railroad vertical sleeper according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of wings are provided at intervals in the rail axial direction of the vertical beam. It is characterized by being.

  In the present invention, the vertical beam is formed to be considerably longer than the horizontal beam, and in particular, the horizontal beam is formed of precast concrete in the same manner as the vertical beam, so that the pressure receiving area of the ballast can be efficiently increased. (See FIGS. 2A and 2B). By making the cross section of the horizontal beam into a flat rectangular cross section, for example, the pressure receiving area of the ballast can be increased.

  Further, the sleeper laying work can be performed very efficiently, and the track maintenance work such as tamping and leveling can be continuously performed in the rail axis direction by the track maintenance work vehicle for the horizontal sleeper structure.

  The railroad vertical sleeper manufacturing form according to claim 5 is a cross-beam-like shape from a plurality of vertical beams laid in parallel in the rail axis direction and a plurality of horizontal beams laid in a direction perpendicular to the rail axis between the vertical beams. In a production form for a railroad vertical sleeper molded into a pair of longitudinal beam molds arranged in parallel and a set of transverse beam molds arranged in parallel between the vertical beam molds And the side plate portion of the longitudinal beam formwork is formed of a material having strength and flexibility necessary for concrete molding.

  When a vertical sleeper for railways, which is shaped like a cross girder from multiple vertical beams and horizontal beams, is integrally formed using a normal concrete sleeper manufacturing formwork, the concrete shrinks mainly to the vertical beams during the initial hardening of the concrete. Cracks are generated (see FIG. 5B).

  According to the present invention, the side portion of the formwork for the vertical beam is formed of a formwork material made of a material having strength and flexibility particularly required for molding a concrete sleeper, thereby suppressing the occurrence of cracks in the vertical beam. (See FIG. 5A).

  As the formwork material in this case, for example, a formwork material made of polystyrene, foamed urethane or rubber is suitable. The other part may be a steel formwork.

  According to the present invention, the wing that can distribute and transmit the train load from the rail to the ballast road bed is provided on the outside of the vertical beam, so that the tamping (ballast compaction) by the track maintenance work vehicle is also provided on the outside of the vertical beam. A sufficient effect is obtained.

  Therefore, in the ballast track in which the vertical sleepers for railways according to the present invention are laid, track maintenance work such as tamping can be continuously performed in the rail axial direction even at the rail joint portion using the track maintenance work vehicle. Therefore, the track maintenance work can be greatly improved and the maintenance cycle can be greatly extended.

  In addition, the provision of wings on the outside of the vertical beam increases the resistance to stray travel, which was a weak point of vertical sleepers, and also increases the rotational resistance, preventing the movement of sleepers against the load from the train. As a result, it becomes possible to suppress the track error and reliably prevent the rail from being bent.

(A), (b), (c) is a top view which respectively shows one Embodiment of the vertical sleeper for railroads of this invention. (A), (b) is a top view which shows other embodiment of the vertical sleeper for railroads of this invention, respectively. The ballast track | orbit where the vertical sleeper for railroads of this invention was laid in the joint part of a rail is shown, (a) is the partial plan view, (b) is the partially enlarged view in Fig.3 (a). The maintenance method of the ballast track | orbit by a track maintenance work vehicle is shown, (a) is the II line sectional drawing in FIG.3 (b), (b) is the roller line sectional drawing in FIG.3 (b). (A) is a plan view showing a railroad vertical sleeper manufacturing formwork and a method of arranging tension members, (b) is a part of a railroad vertical sleeper showing cracks that are expected to occur during the initial shrinkage of concrete. It is a top view. The ballast track | orbit is shown, (a) is a partial top view of the ballast track | orbit with which the horizontal sleeper was laid, (b) is a partial top view of the ballast track | truck with which the ladder sleeper was laid. (A), (b) is a partial top view which shows the curve area of a track | orbit. The maintenance method of the ballast track by a track maintenance work vehicle is shown, (a) is a sectional view taken along the line haha in FIG. 6 (a), and (b) is a sectional view taken along the line in FIG. 6 (a). The ballast track by which the conventional vertical sleeper for railroads was laid in the joint part of a rail is shown, (a) is the partial plan view, and (b) is the partially enlarged view in Drawing 9 (a). FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the ho-ho line in FIG. 9A, showing a method for maintaining the ballast track by the track maintenance work vehicle.

  1 (a), (b), and (c) all show an embodiment of a railroad vertical sleeper according to the present invention, and is laid mainly at a rail joint portion of a ballast track.

  In the figure, a railroad vertical sleeper 1 is arranged in parallel to the rail axis direction, and is arranged in the direction perpendicular to the rail axis between the two vertical beams 2 and 2 that support the joint portion of the rail and the vertical beams 2 and 2. The left and right vertical beams 2 and 2 are connected to each other to form one or a plurality of horizontal beams 3 and the left and right vertical beams 2 and 2 to form a train load from the rail together with the vertical beams 2 and 3. It has a plurality of wings 4 that transmit to the ballast roadbed, and is integrally formed of precast concrete.

  In particular, in the case of the railroad vertical sleeper 1 illustrated in FIG. 1A, the horizontal beams 3 are respectively disposed at both ends and an intermediate portion in the rail axial direction between the left and right vertical beams 2 and 2.

  Further, the wings 4 are provided in a planar rectangular shape or a trapezoidal shape at both ends and intermediate portions in the rail axial direction of the left and right vertical beams 2 and 2, respectively. And projecting a predetermined length in the direction perpendicular to the rail axis.

  In the case of the railroad vertical sleeper 1 shown in FIG. 1B, the horizontal beam 3 is arranged at both ends in the rail axial direction between the left and right vertical beams 2 and 2, and the wing 4 is connected to the left and right vertical beams 2, respectively. 2 projecting from the middle and both ends in the rail axial direction.

  Further, the intermediate wings 4 are formed symmetrically on both sides of the longitudinal beam 2 and projecting a predetermined length in the direction perpendicular to the rail axis, and the wings 4 on both ends are symmetrical to the lateral beam 3 outside the longitudinal beam 2 and perpendicular to the rail axis. It is formed to project a predetermined length in the direction.

  In the case of the railroad vertical sleeper 1 shown in FIG. 1C, the horizontal beam 3 is arranged in the middle of the rail axial direction between the left and right vertical beams 2 and 2, and the wing 4 is connected to the left and right vertical beams 2. 2 projecting from the middle and both ends in the rail axial direction.

  The intermediate wings 4 are formed on the outer side of the vertical beam 2 so as to be symmetrical with the horizontal beam 3 and protrude in a direction perpendicular to the rail axis, and the wings 4 at both ends are symmetrical to both sides of the vertical beam 2 and are perpendicular to the rail axis. It is formed to project a predetermined length in the direction.

  1A, 1B and 1C, the railroad vertical sleeper 1 shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C each have a plurality of tension members on the vertical beam 2 and the horizontal beam 3 as shown in FIG. 5 is inserted and prestress is introduced in each axial direction.

  In particular, the tension member 5 in the horizontal beam 3 passes through the left and right vertical beams 2 and 2 and is continuously inserted to the wing 4. A rail fastener 6 projects from the left and right vertical beams 2 and 2.

  2 (a) and 2 (b) show that the railroad vertical sleeper 1 is arranged in parallel to the rail axial direction, and between the two vertical beams 2 and 2 that support the entire length of the rail, and the vertical beams 2 and 2. Are arranged at both ends and intermediate portions in the rail axial direction, and are connected to the three horizontal beams 3 that join the left and right vertical beams 2 together to maintain the gap, and to the outside of the left and right vertical beams 2, 2 or both outside and inside Each of them is formed at predetermined intervals in the rail axial direction, and includes a plurality of wings 4 for transmitting the train load from the rails to the ballast roadbed together with the vertical beam 2 and the horizontal beam 3, and is integrally formed in a plan view ladder shape by precast concrete. In particular, the cross beam 3 is formed in a cross-sectional shape, for example, a flat rectangular plate shape, which increases the pressure receiving area of the ballast.

  Further, both end portions and intermediate blades 4 in the rail axis direction are formed symmetrically with the cross beam 3 and protrude by a predetermined length in the direction perpendicular to the rail axis. The other blades 4 are formed symmetrically on both sides of the left and right vertical beams 2 and projecting a predetermined length in the direction perpendicular to the rail axis.

  Further, a plurality of tension members (not shown) are inserted through the vertical beam 2 and the horizontal beam 3, and prestress is introduced in the respective axial directions. The tension material in the horizontal beam 3 passes through the left and right vertical beams 2 and 2 and is continuously inserted to the wing 4. A rail fastener 6 projects from the left and right vertical beams 2 and 2.

  FIG. 3 illustrates a ballast track in which a horizontal sleeper is laid. In particular, a railroad vertical sleeper 1 illustrated in FIG.

  4 (a) and 4 (b) illustrate a method of maintaining the ballast track shown in FIG. 3 by the track maintenance work vehicle. In particular, the joint portion of the rail 7 is similar to the other portions. The ballast 9 can be compacted by inserting the tamping tool 8 into the ballast path from both sides of the cross beam 3 and the wing 4 on both the outside and inside of the rail 7.

  FIG. 5A shows a cross beam formed integrally from a plurality of vertical beams 2 laid in parallel in the rail axis direction and a plurality of horizontal beams 3 laid between the vertical beams 2 and 2 in a direction perpendicular to the rail axis. 1 shows an embodiment of a sleeper manufacturing formwork for forming a railway vertical sleeper.

  In the figure, a vertical sleeper manufacturing formwork 10 for a railroad is composed of a set of vertical beam forms 11 arranged in parallel and a set of horizontal beams arranged in parallel between the vertical beam forms 11, 11. It comprises a formwork 12 for use.

  The bottom plate part of the vertical beam form 11 and the bottom plate part and the side plate part of the horizontal beam form 12 are formed of a form material made of steel, and the side plate part 11a of the vertical beam form 11 has a strength required for concrete molding. And a mold material made of a flexible material.

  As a formwork suitable for the side plate portion 11a, for example, there is a formwork made of polystyrene, foamed urethane or rubber.

  According to this railroad vertical sleeper manufacturing formwork, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of cracks due to shrinkage in the initial stage of hardening of the concrete generated in the vertical beam.

  The present invention continuously performs track maintenance work such as tamping and leveling with a track maintenance work vehicle for horizontal sleepers, even at the rail joints of railroad vertical sleepers in a ballast track laid with horizontal sleepers. This can be performed, and the corner joint of the rail joint in the curved section after laying can be prevented.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vertical sleeper for railroads 2 Vertical beam 3 Horizontal beam 4 Wing 5 Tensile material 6 Rail fastener 7 Rail 8 Tamping tool 9 Ballast 10 Form for vertical sleeper for railway 11 Form 12 for vertical beam Form 20 for horizontal beam Ballast (crushed stone and gravel)
21 Horizontal sleeper 22 Rail 23 Tamping tool 24 Railway vertical sleeper 24a Vertical beam 24b Horizontal beam 25 Ladder sleeper 25a Vertical beam 25b Horizontal beam

Claims (5)

  In a vertical sleeper for a railway comprising a plurality of vertical beams laid in parallel in the rail axis direction and a horizontal beam laid in a direction perpendicular to the rail axis between the vertical beams, wings are provided outside the vertical beams. A vertical sleeper for railways.   The railway vertical sleeper according to claim 1, wherein the wings are provided symmetrically with the cross beam.   The railway vertical sleeper according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wings are provided symmetrically on both sides of the longitudinal beam.   The railway vertical sleeper according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of wings are provided at intervals in the rail axis direction of the longitudinal beam. In a railroad vertical sleeper manufacturing formwork, which is formed in a cross beam shape from a plurality of vertical beams laid in parallel in the rail axis direction and a plurality of horizontal beams laid between the vertical beams in a direction perpendicular to the rail axis. A set of vertical beam molds and a set of horizontal beam molds arranged in parallel between the vertical beam molds, and the side plate portion of the vertical beam molds A vertical sleeper manufacturing formwork for railways, which is formed from a material having strength and flexibility required for concrete molding.

Images