JP2013027341A - Combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combine harvester capable of inspecting the condition of grains, the intermixture of foreign matter, or the like during harvesting and smoothly supplying an inspection apparatus with the grains to be inspected.SOLUTION: Grains to be stored in a grain tank 4 are placed on a placing plate to image the grains. A picked-up image is processed to inspect the condition of the grains (such as the presence of cracks), the intermixture of foreign matter, etc. The condition of the grains can thereby be acquired during harvesting. A side face part and an inclined face part are provided to be continuous flush with the placing plate, and the grains are smoothly supplied by the side face part and inclined face part. The layer thickness of the grains supplied to the placing plate can thereby be thinned, and appropriate focusing of a camera is facilitated.

Description

  The present invention relates to a combine that threshs the harvested cereal and determines the state of the threshed grain.

  Grain harvesting operations such as straw and soybeans are generally performed by a combine, and the harvested grain is shipped to the market through an inspection for confirming its quality. In the inspection, grains or foreign matters (for example, leaves or stems) in which cracks or cracks have occurred are detected, and the quality of the harvest is assessed. Patent Document 1 discloses a detection device that irradiates a grain with inspection light, detects the intensity of reflected light with two detectors, and detects cracks and cracks in the grain based on each detection result. It is disclosed.

  The detection device calculates the ratio of the intensity detected by each detector and differentiates the calculated ratio. The intensity detected by each detector is added. And when a differential value and an addition value each exceed a predetermined threshold value, it is determined that the grain has cracks or cracks.

Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 6-63799

  It is desirable that the inspection result after harvesting is good because it affects the price at the time of shipment. However, there was a problem that the state of the grain could not be grasped unless inspection after harvesting. Moreover, when inspecting the grain, it is necessary to smoothly supply the grain to the inspection device.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and is a combine that can inspect the state of a grain or contamination of foreign matters during harvesting, and smoothly supplies the grain to be inspected to an inspection apparatus. The purpose is to provide.

  The combine which concerns on this invention is a combine provided with the threshing apparatus which threshs the culm harvested during driving | running | working, and the storage part which stores the grain threshed by this threshing apparatus, grain in the said storage part A mounting plate, an imaging unit that images the grains placed on the mounting plate, an image processing unit that processes an image captured by the imaging unit, and a mounting plate And a guide plate for guiding the grain from the threshing device side to the mounting plate.

  In this invention, the grain stored in a storage part is mounted in a mounting board, and a grain is imaged. The captured image is processed to inspect the state of grains (for example, the presence or absence of cracks or cracks) and the presence of foreign matter. A guide plate continuously provided on the mounting plate is provided, and grains are smoothly supplied to the mounting plate by the guide plate.

  The combine according to the present invention is characterized in that the mounting plate and the guide plate are inclined.

  In the present invention, the grains on the guide plate slide down due to gravity and pass on the mounting plate.

  The combine which concerns on this invention is equipped with the power source which provides the force which goes to the above-mentioned mounting plate to the grain on the said guide plate, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  In the present invention, a force is applied to the grain on the guide plate by the power source, and the grain is moved to the mounting plate.

  The combine according to the present invention is characterized in that the power source is an air supply device that sends out air.

  In this invention, the movement of the grain from a guide board to a mounting board is implement | achieved by using an air supply apparatus.

  The combine which concerns on this invention is provided with the flow duct which a grain flows toward the said guide plate, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  In this invention, the grain supplied to the storage part from the threshing device moves to the guide plate by the flow duct and is sent to the mounting plate.

  In the combine according to the present invention, an input port for supplying the grain threshed by the threshing device is provided in the storage unit, and the flow duct is connected to at least a part of the input port. Features.

  In the present invention, by connecting the flow duct to at least a part of the inlet, dust having a specific gravity smaller than that of the grain flows through the flow duct and is sent to the mounting plate.

  In the combine according to the present invention, the flow duct includes a hopper.

  In the present invention, the grain is supplied to the mounting plate through the hopper at a predetermined flow rate.

  In the combine which concerns on this invention, the grain stored in a storage part is mounted in a mounting board, and a grain is imaged. Since the captured image is processed to check the state of the grain (for example, the presence or absence of cracks or cracks) and the inclusion of foreign matter, the state of the grain can be grasped during harvesting. In addition, since the guide plate is provided with a guide plate that is flush with the mounting plate and the grain is smoothly supplied to the mounting plate by the guide plate, the layer thickness of the grain supplied to the mounting plate can be reduced. The imaging unit can easily set an appropriate focus.

  In the combine according to the present invention, the grain on the guide plate slides down due to gravity and passes on the placing plate, so that the grain is placed on the placing plate with a simple configuration without providing power separately. It can be supplied smoothly.

  In the combine which concerns on this invention, since force is provided to the grain on a guide plate with a motive power source, the flow rate of the grain supplied to a mounting board, a layer thickness, etc. can be stabilized.

  In the combine which concerns on this invention, a grain can be stably supplied to a mounting board by using the air supply apparatus using compressed air, for example.

  In the combine according to the present invention, since the grain supplied from the threshing device to the storage part flows through the flow duct, the grain is not dispersed and sent to the mounting plate via the guide plate. can do.

  In the combine according to the present invention, by connecting the flow duct to at least a part of the inlet, dust having a specific gravity smaller than that of the grain flows through the flow duct and is sent to the mounting plate. Therefore, an image including dust can be acquired. Further, by connecting to a part of the inlet, the flow duct can be reduced in size.

  In the combine according to the present invention, the grain is supplied to the mounting plate at a predetermined flow rate via the hopper, so that the grain can be obtained with a desired accuracy regardless of the amount of the grain introduced from the inlet. Can be executed.

1 is an external perspective view of a combine according to Embodiment 1. FIG. It is side surface sectional drawing which outlines the internal structure of a threshing apparatus. It is a perspective view which shows partially the inside of a grain tank. It is side surface sectional drawing which partially partially shows the inside of a grain tank. It is front sectional drawing which partially outlines the inside of a grain tank. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows a test | inspection apparatus schematically. It is a figure which shows an example of the image of the koji (grain) imaged with the camera. It is a transmission mechanism figure which shows the transmission path of the driving force of an engine schematically. It is a schematic plan view which shows a dust feeding valve, a process cylinder valve, and these transmission mechanisms. It is a side view which shows the principal part structure of a chaff sheave and a shutter. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of a control part. FIG. 6 is a front cross-sectional view partially showing the interior of a combine grain tank according to a second embodiment. It is a side view of the combine which concerns on Embodiment 3. FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the process image which processed the image of the soybean (grain) imaged with the camera, and this image. It is a figure which shows other examples of the 1st image imaged by irradiating light from a 1st light source, without irradiating light from a 2nd light source. It is a plane sectional view showing the grain tank and bypass path of the combine concerning Embodiment 4 schematically. It is front sectional drawing which shows a grain tank and a bypass way schematically. It is side surface sectional drawing which outlines a grain tank and a bypass path. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the grain tank and bypass path which concern on Embodiment 5 schematically.

(Embodiment 1)
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings showing the combine according to the first embodiment.

  FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a combine.

  The combine includes an airframe 9, and a traveling crawler 1 is provided below the airframe 9. A threshing device 2 is provided above the body 9. On the front side of the threshing device 2, there is provided a cutting unit 3 including a weed plate 3a for discriminating between a harvested corn straw and a non-harvested corn straw, a cutting blade 3b for harvesting the corn straw, and a raising device 3c for causing the corn straw. It is. On the right side of the threshing device 2, a grain tank (storage unit) 4 for storing the grain is provided, and on the left part of the threshing device 2, a long feed chain 5 is provided before and after conveying the cereal. is there. On the upper side of the feed chain 5, there is provided a clamping member 6 for clamping the cereal cake, and the clamping member 6 and the feed chain 5 face each other. In the vicinity of the front end portion of the feed chain 5, a vertical conveying device 7 is disposed. The grain tank 4 is provided with a cylindrical discharge auger 4 a for discharging the grain from the grain tank 4. A cabin 8 is provided on the front side of the grain tank 4.

  The vehicle body 9 travels by driving the travel crawler 1. As the machine body 9 travels, the cereals are taken into the mowing unit 3 and mowed. The harvested corn straw is conveyed to the threshing device 2 via the vertical conveying device 7, the feed chain 5 and the clamping member 6, and threshed in the threshing device 2.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view schematically showing the internal configuration of the threshing apparatus 2.
As shown in FIG. 2, a handling room 10 for threshing cereals is provided at the front upper part of the threshing device 2. A cylindrical handling cylinder 11 whose axial direction is the longitudinal direction is mounted in the handling chamber 10, and the handling cylinder 11 is rotatable about the axis. A large number of teeth 12, 12,... 12 are arranged in a spiral on the peripheral surface of the barrel 11. On the lower side of the handling cylinder 11, a crimp net 15 is disposed for coping with the handling teeth 12, 12,. The said handling cylinder 11 rotates with the drive force of the engine mentioned later, and threshs the cereal.

  Four dust feed valves (adjusting means) 10 a, 10 a, 10 a, 10 a are juxtaposed in the front-rear direction on the upper wall of the handling chamber 10. Adjust the amount of grains.

  A processing chamber 13 is connected to the rear of the handling chamber 10. A cylindrical processing cylinder 13b whose axial direction is the longitudinal direction is mounted in the processing chamber 13, and the processing cylinder 13b is rotatable around the axis. A large number of teeth 13c, 13c,..., 13c are arranged in a spiral on the peripheral surface of the processing cylinder 13b. A treatment net 13d that disperses the ridges in cooperation with the teeth 13c, 13c,..., 13c is disposed below the treatment cylinder 13b. The processing cylinder 13b is rotated by the driving force of the engine 40, and performs a process of separating the grain from the straw and the grain delivered from the handling chamber 10. A discharge port 13 e is opened below the rear end of the processing chamber 13.

  Four processing cylinder valves (adjusting means) 13a, 13a, 13a, 13a are arranged in parallel in the front-rear direction on the upper wall of the processing chamber 13, and the processing cylinder valves 13a, 13a, 13a, 13a are arranged in the processing chamber. 13 Adjust the amount of straw and grains to be delivered to the rear.

  Below the crimp net 15 is provided a swinging sorter 16 for sorting grains and straws. The rocking sorter 16 is provided on the back side of the rocking sorter 17 for making the grains and straws uniform and selecting the specific gravity, and for rough sorting of the grains and straws. A chaff sheave 18 to be performed, and a stroller rack 19 provided on the rear side of the chaff sheave 18 for dropping the grains mixed in the straw. The Strollac 19 has a plurality of through holes (not shown). A swing arm 21 is connected to the front portion of the swing sorter 17. The swing arm 21 is configured to swing back and forth. By the swinging of the swinging arm 21, the swing sorting device 16 swings, and selection of straw and grains is performed.

  The swing sorting device 16 is provided below the chaff sheave 18 and further includes a grain sheave 20 that performs fine sorting of grains and straw. Below the grain sieve 20 is provided a first grain plate 22 inclined downward and forward, and on the front side of the first grain plate 22, a first screw conveyor 23 is provided. The screw conveyor 23 extends upward and reaches a spout (input port) 4b of the grain tank 4.

  The grain that has fallen onto the grain plate 22 from the grain sieve 20 slides down toward the first screw conveyor 23. The slipped grain is transported by the first screw conveyor 23 and is fed into the grain tank 4 from the spout 4b.

  At the rear of the first grain plate 22, an inclined plate 24 that is inclined downward is provided continuously. A second grain plate 25 inclined downward and forward is connected to the rear end of the inclined plate 24. A second screw conveyor 26 is provided on the upper side of the connecting portion between the second grain plate 25 and the inclined plate 24 to convey straw and grains.

  Falling objects that have fallen onto the inclined plate 24 or the second grain plate 25 from the through holes of the Strollac 19 slide down toward the second screw conveyor 26. The fallen fallen object is conveyed to the processing rotor 14 provided on the left side of the handling cylinder 11 by the second screw conveyor 26 and is threshed by the processing rotor 14.

  A tang 27 that performs a wind-up operation is provided in front of the first screw conveyor 23 and below the swing sorter 17. The wind generated by the wind-up operation of the tang tang 27 advances backward. A rectifying plate 28 for sending the wind upward is disposed between the tang 27 and the first screw conveyor 23.

  A passage plate 36 is connected to the rear end portion of the second grain plate 25. A lower suction cover 30 is provided above the passage plate 36. Between the lower suction cover 30 and the passage plate 36 is an exhaust passage 37 through which dust is discharged.

  An upper suction cover 31 is provided above the lower suction cover 30. Between the upper suction cover 31 and the lower suction cover 30, an axial fan 32 for sucking and discharging soot is disposed. A dust exhaust port 33 is provided behind the axial flow fan 32. The airflow generated by the operation of the tang 27 is rectified by the rectifying plate 28, then passes through the swing sorting device 16 and reaches the dust outlet 33 and the exhaust passage 37.

  On the upper side of the upper suction cover 31, below the processing chamber 13, there is provided a downflow basin 35 that is inclined downward. The discharged material discharged from the discharge port 13e of the processing chamber 13 slides down the downflow rod 35 and falls onto the Strolack 19.

  3 is a perspective view partially showing the interior of the grain tank 4, FIG. 4 is a side sectional view partially showing the interior of the grain tank 4, and FIG. 5 is a partially schematic view showing the inside of the grain tank 4. It is front sectional drawing shown.

  In the grain tank 4, a duct-like bypass path 140 communicating with a part of the spout 4 b is provided. The upper end portion of the bypass path 140 extends downward from the spout 4b. A midway portion of the bypass path 140 continues to the lower end portion of the upper end portion. The midway portion is inclined downward in the lateral direction. . An opening 142 is provided at the lower end of the middle part of the bypass passage 140. A hopper 141 and an inspection device 70 (see FIG. 6) to be described later are provided in the midway portion. The hopper 141 is located above the inspection device 70.

  As shown in FIG. 5, an inclined surface portion 141 a extending downward from the upper surface of the bypass passage 140 is provided. The lower edge portion of the inclined surface portion 141a is opposed to the lower surface (guide plate) of the bypass passage 140 with a gap, and this opposed portion serves as a supply port 141b for supplying the grain. A recess 143 is formed on the lower surface of the bypass passage 140 and is located below the hopper 141.

  The grain tank 4 has a protruding portion 4g that faces the spout 4b and protrudes on the opposite side of the spout 4b. The screw conveyor 23 is connected to the lower part of the protrusion 4g. A vane plate 23a protrudes radially from the shaft portion at the upper end of the screw conveyor 23. The vane plate 23a is located in the protrusion 4g.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the inspection apparatus 70.
The inspection device 70 includes a camera 73 that captures a color image and a support frame 71 that supports the first light source 72 and is located above the recess 143. The support frame 71 is provided to straddle the upper side of the concave portion 143, and includes two side surface portions 71a and 71a facing each other, and a top surface portion 71b connecting the upper portions of the side surface portions 71a and 71a. Both side surface portions 71 a and 71 a are parallel to the lower surface of the middle portion of the bypass path 140.

  A first light source 72 that irradiates light toward the concave portion 143 is disposed between the side surface portions 71a and 71a, and is supported by the side surface portions 71a and 71a. The first light source 72 includes an annular frame having a through hole 72b in the center and a number of LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes) provided on one surface of the frame. The LED faces the recess 143. A polarizing filter 72a through which light oscillating in a predetermined direction passes is provided on one surface of the frame. Instead of the LED, another light emitting element such as a fluorescent tube or an LD (Laser Diode) may be used.

  A camera (imaging unit) 73 that captures a color image is fixed to the top surface portion 71 b with the lens facing the concave portion 143. A polarizing filter 73a through which light that vibrates in a predetermined direction passes is attached to the surface of the lens. The camera 73 is arranged coaxially with respect to the through hole 72b and is located on the radially inner side of the through hole 72b. The camera 73 includes a shutter switch that adjusts an exposure time, which will be described later, and a storage unit (for example, a flash memory) that stores an image.

  A black cloth (light-absorbing part) 74 is placed inside the recess 143. A second light source 75 that irradiates light toward the camera 73 is provided on the black cloth 74. The second light source 75 includes an annular frame 75a, and a light guide plate 75b for irradiating incident light to the camera 73 side is provided inside the frame 75a in the radial direction. A large number of LEDs (light emitting units) 75c, 75c,..., 75c are arranged between the peripheral surface of the light guide plate 75b and the inner peripheral surface of the frame 75a. The LED 75c is supported by the frame 75a and irradiates light toward the peripheral surface of the light guide plate 75b.

  On the light guide plate 75b, a mounting plate 76 made of acrylic or glass and having translucency is provided. One surface of the mounting plate 76 facing the light guide plate 75b is a rough surface 76a having a large number of small irregularities, and the other surface opposite to the rough surface 76a is a smooth surface 76b. The smooth surface 76b and the lower surface of the middle part of the bypass passage 140 are located on substantially the same surface. The dimension of the mounting plate 76 corresponds to the concave portion 143, and there is almost no gap between the mounting plate 76 and the concave portion 143.

  The vane plate 23a rotates around the axis in synchronization with the screw conveyor 23. The grain conveyed most by the screw conveyor 23 is thrown into the grain tank 4 by the blade 23a. Part of the thrown-in grain slides down in the bypass path 140 through the spout 4b and passes through the inspection device 70. And it is discharged from the opening 142.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of an image of cocoons (grains) captured by the camera 73. FIG. 7A shows a captured first image when light is emitted from the first light source 72 and light is not emitted from the second light source 75. FIG. 7B shows a captured second image when light is not emitted from the first light source 72 and light is emitted from the second light source 75.

  As shown in FIG. 7A, when imaging is performed by irradiating light from the first light source 72, the background becomes black by the black cloth 74, and the color image can be clearly recognized. Therefore, foreign substances such as green leaves, chopped pieces (stalk strips) or weeds can be extracted from the captured image based on the color, size, shape, and the like.

  As shown in FIG. 7B, when the second light source 75 irradiates and picks up an image, the background becomes white, and the outline and translucency of the harvest can be clearly recognized. Therefore, based on the degree of translucency, it is possible to extract rice cakes 301 that have been damaged during threshing (for example, peeled rice peeled from rice cakes and broken rice cakes 301), and based on size and shape. Branch branch (branch connecting the stem and the heel) 302 can be extracted.

  When light is emitted from the first light source 72, the emitted light is reflected by the smooth surface 76 b of the mounting plate 76 and enters the camera 73. The first light source 72 is provided with a polarizing filter 72a, and the polarizing filter 73a is also attached to the lens of the camera 73. Therefore, it is difficult for excessive reflected light to be generated, and excessive reflected light is not incident on the camera 73, so that halation during imaging can be suppressed.

  The light emitted from the first light source 72 may pass through the inside of the mounting plate 76 and reach the rough surface 76a. The light is diffused by the unevenness of the rough surface 76a, and combined with the effects of the polarization filters 72a and 73a, is difficult to enter the camera 73. Therefore, the halation at the time of imaging can be further suppressed.

  FIG. 8 is a transmission mechanism diagram schematically showing the transmission path of the driving force of the engine.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the combine is equipped with an engine 40, and the engine 40 is connected to a traveling mission 42 via an HST (Hydro Static Transmission) 41.

  The HST 41 has a hydraulic pump (not shown), a mechanism (not shown) that adjusts the flow rate of hydraulic oil supplied to the hydraulic pump and the pressure of the hydraulic pump, and a transmission circuit 41a that controls the mechanism. ing.

  The traveling mission 42 has a gear (not shown) that transmits driving force to the traveling crawler 1. The traveling mission 42 is provided with a vehicle speed sensor 43 having a hall element. The vehicle speed sensor 43 detects the rotational speed of the gear and outputs a signal indicating the vehicle speed of the airframe corresponding to the rotational speed of the gear.

  The engine 40 is connected to the handling cylinder 11 and the processing cylinder 13b through an electromagnetic threshing clutch 44, and is also connected to a transmission mechanism 50. The transmission mechanism 50 is connected to the first screw conveyor 23.

  The engine 40 is connected to an eccentric crank 45 through a threshing clutch 44. The eccentric crank 45 is connected to the swing arm 21. As the eccentric crank 45 is driven, the swing sorting device 16 swings. The engine 40 is connected to the tang 27 through a threshing clutch 44. The engine 40 is connected to the reaping portion 3 via a threshing clutch 44 and an electromagnetic reaping clutch 46.

  The driving force of the engine 40 is transmitted to the traveling crawler 1 via the traveling mission 42, and the aircraft travels. Further, the driving force of the engine 40 is transmitted to the cutting unit 3 via the cutting clutch 46, and the cereal is harvested by the cutting unit 3.

  The driving force of the engine 40 is transmitted to the handling cylinder 11 via the threshing clutch 44, and the cereal is threshed by the handling cylinder 11. Further, the driving force of the engine 40 is transmitted to the processing cylinder 13b via the threshing clutch 44. The processing cylinder 13b separates the grain from the processed product threshed by the handling cylinder 11.

  In addition, the driving force of the engine 40 is transmitted to the swing sorting device 16 via the threshing clutch 44 and the eccentric crank 45, and discharged from the straw and grains leaked from the handling cylinder 11 and the discharge port 13e of the processing chamber 13. Sorting of the finished straw and grains is performed. Further, the driving force of the engine 40 is transmitted to the Kara 27 through the threshing clutch 44, and the soot selected by the swing sorting device 16 is discharged from the dust outlet 33 and the exhaust passage 37 by the wind action of the Kara 27. The

  FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view showing the dust delivery valves 10a, 10a, 10a, 10a and the processing cylinder valves 13a, 13a, 13a, 13a and their transmission mechanisms. The configuration of the transmission mechanism of the processing cylinder valve 13a is the same as that of the transmission mechanism of the dust delivery valve 10a, and the dust transmission valve 10a and the dust transmission valve corresponding to the configuration of the transmission mechanism of the processing cylinder valve 13a and the processing cylinder valve 13a. A name or a code | symbol is attached | subjected to the structure of the transmission mechanism of 10a with a parenthesis, and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The plurality of dust feeding valves 10a, 10a, 10a, and 10a (processing cylinder valves 13a, 13a, 13a, and 13a) are disposed between the processing cylinder 11 (processing cylinder 13b) and the upper wall of the processing chamber 10 (processing chamber 13). They are juxtaposed along the front-rear direction and face each other. As shown in FIG. 9, four dust feeding valve shafts 65, 65, 65, 65 (processing cylinder valve shafts 65 ', 65', 65 ', 65') are provided on the upper wall of the handling chamber 10 (processing chamber 13). The dust supply valve shaft 65 (processing cylinder valve shaft 65 ') protrudes inside the processing chamber 10 (processing chamber 13) along the radial direction of the cylindrical processing cylinder 11 (processing cylinder 13b). . The dust feed valves 10a, 10a, 10a, 10a (processing cylinder valves 13a, 13a, 13a, 13a) are provided with dust feeding valve shafts 65, 65, 65, 65 (processing cylinder valve shafts 65 ', 65', 65 ', 65). ') Is pivotally attached to each.

  As shown in FIG. 9, a casing 64 (64 ') extending in the front-rear direction is vertically disposed on one side of each of the dust feeding valves 10a, 10a, 10a, 10a (processing cylinder valves 13a, 13a, 13a, 13a). It is connected via four pivots 66, 66, 66, 66 (66 ', 66', 66 ', 66') whose direction is the axial length direction.

  A transmission rod 63 (63 ') that is substantially perpendicular to the dust delivery valve 10a (processing cylinder valve 13a) is provided near the dust delivery valve shaft 65 (processing cylinder valve axis 65') of the dust delivery valve 10a (processing cylinder valve 13a). It is extended. One end of a crank rod 61 (61 ') is connected to the extending end of the transmission rod 63 (63') via a pivot 62 (62 ') extending in the vertical direction. The other end of the crank rod 61 (61 ′) is connected to the crank 60 (60 ′). The crank 60 (60 ') is connected to a servo motor M1 (M2) via a speed reducer 67 (67').

  When the servo motor M1 (M2) rotates forward, the crank 60 (60 ') rotates in one direction and the crank rod 61 (61') in one direction, as indicated by the solid line arrow in FIG. Moving. The transmission rod 63 (63 ') rotates in one direction around the pivot 62 (62') by the movement of the crank rod 61 (61 '), and the transmission rod 63 (63') is connected to the dust feed. The valve 10a (processing cylinder valve 13a) rotates in one direction around the dust feeding valve shaft 65 (processing cylinder valve shaft 65 '). The housing 64 (64 ') moves forward by the rotation of the dust delivery valve 10a (processing cylinder valve 13a), and as shown by the solid line arrows in FIG. 9, the other dust delivery valves 10a, 10a, 10a ( The processing cylinder valves 13a, 13a, 13a) are also interlocked to rotate in one direction around the dust feeding valve shafts 65, 65, 65 (processing cylinder valve shafts 65 ', 65', 65 ').

  The straws and grains moving spirally toward the rear along the peripheral surface of the handling cylinder 11 (processing cylinder 13b) are dust-feeding valves 10a, 10a, 10a, 10a (processing cylinder valves 13a, 13a, 13a, 13a), by rotating in one direction, as shown by solid line arrows in FIG. 9, abuts on the dust feed valves 10a, 10a, 10a, 10a (processing cylinder valves 13a, 13a, 13a, 13a) and moves forward. The amount of reeds and grains that are rebounded in the handling chamber 10 (processing chamber 13) decreases.

  When the servo motor M1 (M2) rotates in the reverse direction, the crank 60 (60 ') rotates in the other direction and the crank rod 61 (61') moves in the other direction, as indicated by the broken arrow in FIG. Moving. The transmission rod 63 (63 ') rotates in the other direction around the pivot shaft 62 (62') by the movement of the crank rod 61 (61 '), and the transmission rod 63 (63') is connected to the dust feed. The valve 10a (processing cylinder valve 13a) rotates in the other direction around the dust feeding valve shaft 65 (processing cylinder valve shaft 65 '). The housing 64 (64 ') is moved rearward by the rotation of the dust delivery valve 10a (processing cylinder valve 13a), and as shown by the broken arrow in FIG. 9, the other dust delivery valves 10a, 10a, 10a ( The processing cylinder valves 13a, 13a, 13a) are also interlocked to rotate in the other direction around the dust feeding valve shafts 65, 65, 65 (processing cylinder valve shafts 65 ', 65', 65 ').

  The dust feed valves 10a, 10a, 10a, and 10a (processing cylinder valves 13a, 13a, 13a, and 13a) move in a spiral manner along the circumferential surface of the handling cylinder 11 (processing cylinder 13b) by rotating in the other direction. As shown by broken line arrows in FIG. 9, the straw and the grain come into contact with the dust feeding valves 10 a, 10 a, 10 a, and 10 a (processing cylinder valves 13 a, 13 a, 13 a, and 13 a) and bounce backward to handle the handling chamber 10. The amount of straw and grain delivered in (processing chamber 13) increases.

  The servo motor M1 (M2) is provided with a rotary encoder E1 (E2). The servo motor M1 (M2) is driven in accordance with an operation command given from a control unit which will be described later, and the rotational speed and rotational direction of the servo motor M1 (M2) are detected by the rotary encoder E1 (E2).

FIG. 10 is a side view showing the main configuration of the chaff sheave and shutter.
In the vicinity of the handling cylinder 11, there is provided a draining wall chain 80 for conveying the waste threshed by the handling cylinder 11 toward a cutter (not shown) arranged on the rear side of the threshing apparatus 2. An exhaust wall guide rod 81 is provided so as to face the exhaust wall chain 80. The waste is moved between the waste wall guide rod 81 and the waste wall chain 80 together with the movement of the waste wall chain 80.

  As shown in FIG. 10, an L-shaped rotation lever 82 is provided on the lower side of the waste straw guide rod 81. The pivot lever 82 includes a longitudinal shaft 82a that is long in the longitudinal direction, and a vertical shaft 82b that protrudes upward from the front end of the longitudinal shaft 82a. A pivot shaft 82c having the left-right direction as the axial direction is provided at the corner portion between the vertical shaft 82b and the front-rear shaft 82a.

  The waste wall guide rod 81 and the rear end portion of the front / rear shaft 82 a are connected via a connecting rod 83. A spring body 84 is fixed around the connecting rod 83. As the waste moving between the waste wall guide rod 81 and the waste wall chain 80 increases, the waste wall guide rod 81 is pressed and moved downward, and the pivot lever 82 rotates backward with the pivot 82c as a fulcrum. (See the solid arrow in FIG. 10). At this time, the spring body 84 is compressed. On the other hand, as the evacuation decreases, the evacuation guide rod 81 moves upward due to the restoring force of the compressed spring body 84, and the pivot lever 82 pivots forward with the pivot 82c as a fulcrum (see the broken line arrow in FIG. 10). .

  Next, the configuration of the chaff sheave 18 will be described. The chaff sheave 18 has a frame (not shown) framed in a rectangular shape. A plurality of fins 18a, 18a,..., 18a extending in the left-right direction are juxtaposed in the front-rear direction between the left and right frame members extending in the front-rear direction. Each upper part of the fins 18a, 18a, ..., 18a is pivotally supported by a frame member. Each lower portion of the fins 18a, 18a, ..., 18a is pivotally supported by a single connecting rod 18b extending in the front-rear direction. A midway portion of a rectangular rotating plate 18c is connected to the front portion of the connecting rod 18b. One end of the rotating plate 18c is pivotally supported around the shaft 18i above the connecting rod 18b. One end of a chaff wire 18e is connected to the other end of the rotating plate 18c. The other end of the chaff wire 18e is connected to the vertical shaft 82b.

  The shaft 18i is provided with a potentiometer type fin sensor 18j for detecting the position of the rotating plate 18c. Based on the output of the fin sensor 18j, a fin angle (an angle formed between the fins 18a, 18a, ..., 18a and the connecting rod 18b) r is detected.

  One end of an L-shaped manual plate 18h operated by a manual lever (not shown) is connected to the shaft body 18i. The other end portion of the manual plate 18h is connected to the middle portion of the chaff wire 18e and one end portion of the manual wire 18g. The other end of the manual wire 18g is connected to the manual lever.

  The manual plate 18h and the rotary plate 18c are connected to one end of the rotary plate 18c and the other end of the manual plate 18h via a spring body 18d. One end of a spring body 18f is connected to the middle portion of the manual plate 18h, and the other end of the spring body 18f is fixed at an appropriate position of the threshing device 2.

  When the pivot lever 82 pivots backward, the chaff wire 18e is pulled, and the pivot plate 18c pivots counterclockwise. The connecting rod 18b moves rearward, and the fins 18a, 18a, ..., 18a stand up. The fin angle r is increased, and the interval between the fins 18a, 18a,. At this time, the spring body 18f is compressed (see the solid line arrow in FIG. 10). On the other hand, when the rotation lever 82 is rotated forward, the rotation plate 18c is rotated clockwise by the restoring force of the spring body 18f. The connecting rod 18b moves forward, and the fins 18a, 18a, ..., 18a tilt. The fin angle r becomes small, and the interval between the fins 18a, 18a,..., 18a becomes narrow (see the broken line arrow in FIG. 10).

  The manual wire 18g can be pulled or relaxed by operating a manual lever. By operating the manual lever, the manual plate 18h and the rotating plate 18c are rotated, and the intervals between the fins 18a, 18a,. The manual lever can be fixed at an appropriate position.

  Next, the configuration near the air inlet 55 of the tang 27 will be described. A rectangular air inlet 55 through which air sucked into the carp 27 flows is provided on one side of the carp 27. A rectangular fixing plate 56 that is long in the front-rear direction and covers a part of the intake port 55 is provided at the center of the intake port 55. A rectangular plate-like shutter 57 is adjacent along the upper side of the fixed plate 56. One end of the shutter 57 is pivotally supported by the threshing device 2. When the shutter 57 is rotated upward, the shutter 57 is separated from the fixed plate 56 and the opening area of the intake port 55 is enlarged. When the shutter 57 rotates downward, the shutter 57 approaches the fixed plate 56 and the opening area of the intake port 55 is reduced.

  An upper end portion of a tension spring 58 is connected to the front end portion of the shutter 57. The lower end of the tension spring 58 is locked in place on the threshing device 2. A shaft body 59 projects forward from the front end of the shutter 57. One end of a shutter wire 85 is connected to the protruding end of the shaft body 59. The other end of the shutter wire 85 is connected to the vertical shaft 82b.

  When the pivot lever 82 pivots backward, the shutter wire 85 is pulled, and the shutter 57 pivots upward. The opening area of the intake port 55 is enlarged, and the tension spring 58 is extended (see the solid line arrow in FIG. 10). On the other hand, when the rotation lever 82 is rotated forward, the shutter 57 is rotated downward by the restoring force of the tension spring 58, and the opening area of the intake port 55 is reduced (see the broken line arrow in FIG. 10).

  A servo motor M3 is disposed below the rotating lever 82. The servo motor M3 is provided with an electromagnetic brake (not shown) that brakes the rotation shaft of the servo motor M3. The electromagnetic brake is released simultaneously with the start of rotation of the servo motor M3, and the electromagnetic brake is activated simultaneously with the end of the rotation. The rotation shaft of the servo motor M3 is connected to one of the electromagnetic motor clutches 110 via a reduction gear box (not shown). The other of the motor clutch 110 is connected to the pivot 82c. The servo motor M3 is connected to a chaff sheave drive circuit described later.

  The servo motor M3 is provided with a rotary encoder E3. The servo motor M3 is driven in accordance with an operation command given from a control unit described later. The rotational speed and rotational direction of the servo motor M3 are detected by the rotary encoder E3.

  When the motor clutch 110 is engaged and the rotation lever 82 is rotated rearward by the rotation of the servo motor M3, the exhaust wall guide rod 81 moves downward and the spring body 84 is compressed (solid line in FIG. 10). See arrow). When the motor clutch 110 is disconnected, due to the restoring force of the spring body 84, the exhaust wall guide rod 81 moves upward and the turning lever 82 turns forward (see the broken line arrow in FIG. 10).

  A dashboard panel (not shown) is provided in the cabin 8. The dashboard panel includes a cutting switch 90 for cutting cereals, a threshing switch 91 for executing threshing, and a liquid crystal panel. A display unit 92 having the above (see FIG. 11 described later) is provided. The cabin 8 is provided with a plurality of warning lamps (notification means) 93 (see FIG. 11 described later) for notifying an abnormality of a device or an abnormality of a grain. In response to the on / off of the cutting switch 90, the cutting clutch 46 and the threshing clutch 44 are connected. Further, the threshing clutch 44 is disconnected in response to the on / off of the threshing switch 91.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control unit.
The control unit (image processing means) 100 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 100a, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 100b, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 100c, and an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable and Programmable Read Only) connected to each other by an internal bus 100g. Memory) 100d. The CPU 100a reads a control program stored in the ROM 100b into the RAM 100c, and controls operations of the dust feeding valve 10a, the processing cylinder valve 13a, and the like according to the control program.

  The cutting switch 90, the threshing switch 91, and the camera 73 are incorporated in the storage unit 73c for storing images and the output signals of the rotary encoders E1 to E3 are input to the control unit 100 via the input interface 100e.

  The control unit 100 outputs a disconnection signal to the reaping clutch 46 and the threshing clutch 44 via the output interface 100f. Further, the control unit 100 outputs a display signal indicating that a predetermined image is displayed on the display unit 92 via the output interface 100f. In addition, the control unit 100 outputs a turn-on / off signal to the first light source 72, the second light source 75, and the warning lamp 93 via the output interface 100f. In addition, an operation signal is output to a shutter switch 73 b built in the camera 73. The shutter switch 73b performs exposure for a preset time based on the operation signal.

  The output interface 100f is connected to a dust feed valve drive circuit 101, a processing cylinder valve drive circuit 102, and a chaff sheave drive circuit 103 that drive the servo motors M1 to M3. The control unit 100 outputs drive signals to the dust feed valve drive circuit 101, the processing cylinder valve drive circuit 102, and the chaff sheave drive circuit 103, and drives the servo motors M1 to M3.

  The control unit 100 controls operations of the chaff sheave 18, the dust feeding valve 10a, the processing cylinder valve 13a, and the like based on the first image and the second image. For example, when it is determined that a large amount of foreign matter 300 exists based on the first image or the second image, the chaff sheave 18 is closed to prevent the foreign matter 300 from being mixed. When it is determined that a large amount of damaged rods 301 are present, the chaff sheave 18, the dust feed valve 10a, and the processing cylinder valve 13a are opened. Thereby, excessive threshing can be prevented. Further, when it is determined that a large amount of branch rachis 302 exists, the chaff sheave 18, the dust feed valve 10a, and the processing cylinder valve 13a are closed. Thereby, threshing can fully be performed.

  In the first embodiment, the grain stored in the grain tank 4 is placed on the placing plate 76 and the grain is imaged. Since the captured image is processed to check the state of the grain (for example, the presence or absence of cracks or cracks) and the inclusion of foreign matter, the state of the grain can be grasped during harvesting. Further, the mounting plate 76 is provided with the side surface portion 4c and the inclined surface portion 4d that are flush with each other, and the grains are smoothly supplied to the mounting plate by the side surface portion 4c and the inclined surface portion 4d. The layer thickness of the grain can be reduced, and the camera 73 can easily set an appropriate focus.

  Moreover, since the grain on the side surface part 4c and the inclined surface part 4d slides down by gravity and passes on the mounting plate 76, the grain is smoothly transferred to the mounting plate 76 with a simple configuration without providing power separately. Can be supplied. Moreover, since the grain supplied to the grain tank 4 from the threshing apparatus 2 flows through the hopper 400, it can be sent to the mounting plate 76 through the inclined surface portion 4d without dispersing the grain. Moreover, since the grain is supplied to the mounting plate 76 through the hopper 400 at a predetermined flow rate, the determination of the grain is executed with a desired accuracy regardless of the amount of the grain charged from the spout 4b. Can do.

  Note that an air supply device using compressed air may be provided in the grain tank 4 in order to reliably send the grain to the placing plate 76. Moreover, although the grain is guided by the side surface part 4 c and the inclined surface part 4 d of the grain tank 4, a guide plate for guiding the grain may be separately provided in the grain tank 4. Moreover, the inspection apparatus 70 may arrange two cameras 73 along the moving direction of the grain. In this case, the first image and the second image can be captured by each camera 73 with respect to the same moving grain by making the imaging timing of each camera 73 correspond to the moving speed of the grain.

(Embodiment 2)
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings showing the combine according to the second embodiment. FIG. 12 is a front sectional view partially showing schematically the inside of the grain tank 4.

As shown in FIG. 12, an air supply device 150 that sends out compressed air is provided in the middle of the bypass passage 140. The air supply device 150 is located above the hopper 141 and faces the supply port 141b.
Compressed air is sent from the air supply device 150 toward the supply port 141b. The grain thrown into the bypass passage 140 by the blades 23a is pushed out by compressed air, moves on the bottom surface of the bypass passage 140, and passes through the inspection device 70.

  In the combine according to the second embodiment, force is applied to the grain on the bottom surface of the bypass passage 140 by the air supply device 150, so that the flow rate and layer thickness of the grain supplied to the mounting plate 76 are stabilized. It can be made. Instead of the air supply device 150, another power source may be provided. For example, a vibration device that applies vibration to the bottom surface of the bypass passage 140 may be provided to move the grain by vibration.

  Among the configurations of the combine according to the second embodiment, the same configurations as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

(Embodiment 3)
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings showing a combine according to a third embodiment. FIG. 13 is a side view of the combine. The combine according to the third embodiment is an all-throw-in type combine that throws all cereal grains such as soybeans and wheat into the threshing apparatus 2 and threshes.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the combine includes a machine body 9, and the machine body 9 includes a traveling crawler 1, a mowing unit 130, a threshing device 2, a grain tank 4, and a waste straw processing means (not shown). The engine 40 and the cabin 8 are provided. The pair of left and right traveling crawlers 1 are disposed below the body 9. The engine 40 is provided at the right rear portion of the fuselage 9. The cabin 8 is provided at the front right side of the machine body 9 and is disposed in front of the grain tank 4. In the grain tank 4, as in the first or second embodiment, a bypass path 140, a hopper 141, an opening 142, an inspection device 70, an air supply device 150, and the like are provided.

  The cutting unit 130 is provided at the front end of the machine body 9 so as to be movable up and down. The cutting unit 130 includes a weeding tool 131 for weeding the cereal, a scraping reel 132 for scraping the cereal, a cutting device 133 for cutting the cereal stock, and a transporting device 134 for conveying the cereal. During the traveling, the combine divides the culm in the field with the weeding tool 131 and scrapes the culm after weeding with the take-up reel 132. The cutting device 133 cuts the stock of the cereal rice cake after being raked. After the cereals after cutting are positioned at the substantially right and left centers by the transport device 134, they are transported to the threshing device 2.

  The threshing device 2 is disposed on the left side of the machine body 9 and on the rear side of the cutting unit 130. The threshing device 2 is configured to thresh the grain as in the first embodiment. For example, a handling cylinder, a handling cylinder valve, a swing sorting device, and a first screw conveyor are provided. The handling cylinder 11 threshs the cereals conveyed from the cutting unit 130 while feeding it backward, and the threshed grains are allowed to leak. The grain that has leaked from the handling cylinder is sorted by the swing sorting device and sent to the grain tank 4 through the first screw conveyor.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of soybean (grain) image captured by the camera 73 and a processed image obtained by processing the image. FIG. 14A shows a first image captured by irradiating light from the first light source 72 without irradiating light from the second light source 75. FIG. 14A1 is an image showing normal soybean 501 obtained by processing the first image. FIG. 14B shows a captured second image when light is not emitted from the first light source 72 and light is emitted from the second light source 75. FIG. 14B1 is an image showing broken or crushed soybean 502 obtained by processing the second image. FIG. 14B2 is an image showing a stem / pod 503 and poorly grown soybeans 504 obtained by processing the second image.

  As shown in FIG. 14A, when imaging is performed by irradiating light from the first light source 72, the background becomes black by the black cloth 74, and the color image can be clearly recognized. Therefore, normal soybean 501 can be extracted from the captured image based on the color, size, shape, and the like (see FIG. 14A1).

  As shown in FIG. 14B, when the second light source 75 is used to irradiate and image, the background becomes white, and the outline and translucency of the harvest can be clearly recognized. Therefore, cracked or crushed soybean 502 can be extracted based on the degree of translucency (see FIG. 14B1), and based on the degree of translucency, size and shape, stem / sheath 503 Moreover, soybean 504 with poor growth can be extracted (see FIG. 14B2).

  FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating another example of a first image captured by irradiating light from the first light source 72 without irradiating light from the second light source 75. As shown in FIG. 15, according to the first image, it is possible to recognize the soybean 505 with dirt on the basis of the color, size, shape, and the like.

  The control unit 100 controls operations of the chaff sheave 18, the dust delivery valve 10a, and the warning lamp 93 based on the first image and the second image. For example, when it is determined that a large amount of broken or crushed soybean 502 is present based on the first image or the second image, the dust delivery valve 10a is opened. Thereby, excessive threshing can be prevented. Further, when it is determined that the stem / sheath 503 is present in a large amount, the chaff sheave 18 can be closed to prevent the stem / sheath 503 from being mixed. Further, when it is determined that there is a large amount of poorly grown soybean 504 or soiled soybean 505, the warning lamp 93 can be turned on to notify the operator of the abnormality of soybean.

  Among the configurations of the combine according to the third embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those in the first or second embodiment, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

(Embodiment 4)
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings showing a combine according to a fourth embodiment. FIG. 16 is a plan sectional view schematically showing the grain tank 4 and the bypass path 140, FIG. 17 is a front sectional view schematically showing the grain tank 4 and the bypass path 140, and FIG. 18 shows the grain tank 4 and the bypass path 140. FIG.

  A duct-shaped bypass passage 140 communicating with a part of the outlet 4b is provided. As shown in FIG. 17, the bypass passage 140 is inclined downward from the spout 4 b and extends to the outside of the grain tank 4 and further extends downward. A return hole 142 for returning the grain to the grain tank 4 is provided at the lower end of the bypass path 140. The return hole 142 communicates with the grain tank 4. A hopper 141 and an inspection device 70 are provided in the middle of the bypass path 140. The hopper 141 is located above the inspection device 70.

  As shown in FIG. 18, the hopper 141 includes an inclined surface portion 141 a that extends downward from the upper surface of the bypass passage 140. The lower edge portion of the inclined surface portion 141a is opposed to the lower surface (guide plate) of the bypass passage 140 with a gap, and this opposed portion serves as a supply port 141b for supplying the grain. A recess 143 is formed on the lower surface of the bypass passage 140 and is located below the hopper 141. The mounting plate 76 of the inspection device 70 is disposed in the recess 143 so as to be flush with the lower surface of the bypass path 140.

  When a grain is thrown into the bypass path 140 from the spout 4b, the grain slides down the bypass path 140 and reaches the hopper 141. The thickness of the grain flowing down is made substantially uniform by the hopper 141. The grain is supplied from the supply port 141b to the inspection device 70 with a substantially uniform layer thickness, and passes through the inspection device 70 and is imaged. The grain that has passed through the inspection device 70 returns to the grain tank 4 from the return hole 142. Note that the hopper 141 may be removed as necessary.

  Of the configurations according to the fourth embodiment, configurations similar to those of the first to third embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

(Embodiment 5)
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings showing a combine according to a fifth embodiment. FIG. 19 is a side sectional view schematically showing the grain tank 4 and the bypass passage 140.
As shown in FIG. 19, an air supply device 150 for sending compressed air is provided in the bypass passage 140. The air supply device 150 is located above the hopper 141 and faces the supply port 141b.
Compressed air is sent from the air supply device 150 toward the supply port 141b. The grain thrown into the bypass passage 140 by the blades 23a is pushed out by the compressed air, moves on the lower surface of the bypass passage 140, and passes through the inspection device 70.

  In the combine according to the fifth embodiment, a force is applied to the grain on the lower surface of the bypass passage 140 by the air supply device 150, so that the flow rate and layer thickness of the grain supplied to the mounting plate 76 are stabilized. It can be made. Instead of the air supply device 150, another power source may be provided. For example, a vibration device that applies vibration to the bottom surface of the bypass passage 140 may be provided to move the grain by vibration.

  Of the configurations according to the fifth embodiment, configurations similar to those of the first to fourth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. The configurations according to the fourth and fifth embodiments can be applied to both the combine shown in the first embodiment and the combine shown in the third embodiment.

  The embodiment described above is an exemplification of the present invention, and the present invention can be implemented in various modified forms within the scope defined by the matters described in the claims and the description of the claims. it can.

1 traveling crawler 2 threshing device 4 grain tank (storage part)
4b Throwing port
76 Mounting plate 72 First light source 73 Camera (imaging unit)
75 Second light source 100 Control unit (image processing means)
10a Dust feed valve 13a Processing cylinder valve 18 Chaff sheave 93 Warning lamp 140 Bypass path (guide plate, flow duct)
150 Air supply device (power source)

Claims (7)

In a combine comprising a threshing device for threshing cereals harvested during traveling, and a storage unit for storing the threshed grains by the threshing device,
A mounting plate for mounting the grain in the storage unit;
An imaging unit that images the grains placed on the placement board;
Image processing means for processing an image captured by the imaging unit;
A combine comprising: a guide plate that is connected to the mounting plate and guides the grain from the threshing device side to the mounting plate.   The combine according to claim 1, wherein the placing plate and the guide plate are inclined. The combine according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a power source that applies a force toward the placement plate to the grain on the guide plate.   The combine according to claim 3, wherein the power source is an air supply device that sends out air. The combine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a flow duct through which the grain flows toward the guide plate. An inlet for introducing the threshed grain in the threshing device is provided in the storage unit,
The combine according to claim 5, wherein the flow duct is connected to at least a part of the inlet.   The combine according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the flow duct includes a hopper.