JP2013095657A - 酸化物焼結体およびスパッタリングターゲット、並びにその製造方法 - Google Patents
酸化物焼結体およびスパッタリングターゲット、並びにその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005477 sputtering target Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 96
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 28
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910007541 Zn O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
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- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002447 crystallographic data Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
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- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910020923 Sn-O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910007611 Zn—In—O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】本発明の酸化物焼結体は、酸化亜鉛と;酸化インジウムと;Ti、Mg、Al、およびNbよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の金属の酸化物と、を混合および焼結して得られる酸化物焼結体であって、前記酸化物焼結体をX線回折したとき、ZnmIn2O3+m(mは5〜7の整数)相を主相とし、平均粒径10μm以下、且つ粒径30μm以上の結晶粒の割合が15%以下であり、相対密度85%以上である。
【選択図】なし
Description
0.27≦[In]/[Zn]≦0.45
([Ti]+[Mg]+[Al]+[Nb])/([Zn]+[In]+[Ti]+[Mg]+[Al]+[Nb])≦0.1
ZnmIn2O3+m/(ZnmIn2O3+m+In2O3+ZnO)≧0.5
(但し、ZnmIn2O3+mはZn5In2O8、Zn6In2O9、Zn7In2O10の合計である。)
分析装置:理学電機製「X線回折装置RINT−1500」
分析条件
ターゲット:Cu
単色化:モノクロメートを使用(Kα)
ターゲット出力:40kV−200mA
(連続焼測定)θ/2θ走査
スリット:発散1/2°、散乱1/2°、受光0.15mm
モノクロメータ受光スリット:0.6mm
走査速度:2°/min
サンプリング幅:0.02°
測定角度(2θ):5〜90°
参考文献(1)M.Nakamura, N.Kimizuka and T.Mohri: J. Solid State Chem. 86(1990) 16-40
参考文献(2)M.Nakamura, N.Kimizuka, T.Mohri and M.Isobe: J. Solid State Chem. 105(1993) 535-549
ZnmIn2O3+m化合物(相)は、本発明の酸化物焼結体を構成する酸化亜鉛と酸化インジウムが結合して形成されるものである。この化合物の結晶構造は六方晶であり、酸化物焼結体のキャリア移動度向上に大きく寄与する。
本発明の酸化物焼結体は、相対密度が非常に高く、好ましくは85%以上であり、より好ましくは95%以上である。高い相対密度は、スパッタリング中での割れやノジュールの発生を防止し得るだけでなく、安定した放電をターゲットライフまで連続して維持するなどの利点をもたらす。
本発明の酸化物焼結体は、比抵抗が小さく、0.1Ω・cm以下であり、好ましくは0.01Ω・cm以下である。これにより、一層スパッタリング中での異常放電を抑制した成膜が可能となり、スパッタリングターゲットを用いた物理蒸着(スパッタリング法)を表示装置の生産ラインで効率よく行うことができる。
相対密度は、スパッタリング後、ターゲットをバッキングプレートから取り外して鏡面研磨し、反射電子顕微鏡(SEM)で観察して気孔率を測定して求めた。具体的にはSEM観察(1000倍)して写真撮影し、50μm角の領域における気孔占有面積率を測定して気孔率とした。異なる任意の20視野を観察し、その平均値を当該試料の平均気孔率とした。100%から気孔率を引いた値を焼結体の相対密度(%)とした。相対密度は85%以上を合格と評価した(表4中、「相対密度(%)」参照)。
結晶粒の平均粒径は、酸化物焼結体破断面(酸化物焼結体を任意の位置で厚み方向に切断し、その切断面表面の任意の位置)の組織をSEM(倍率:400倍)で観察し、任意の方向に100μmの長さの直線を引き、この直線内に含まれる結晶粒の数(N)を求め、[100/N]から算出される値を当該直線上での平均粒径とした。同様に20〜30μmの間隔で直線を20本作成して各直線上での平均粒径を算出し、更に[各直線上での平均粒径の合計/20]から算出される値を結晶粒の平均粒径とした。結晶粒は平均粒径10μm以下を合格と評価した(表4中、「平均粒径(μm)参照」)。
粗大な結晶粒の割合は、上記平均粒径と同様、酸化物焼結体破断面をSEM観察して、任意の方向に100μmの長さの直線を引き、この直線上で切り取られる長さが30μm以上となる結晶粒を粗大な結晶粒とし、この粗大な結晶粒が直線上で占める長さL(複数ある場合はその総和:μm)を求め、[L/100]から算出される値を当該直線上での粗大な結晶粒の割合(%)とした。本発明では20〜30μmの間隔で直線を20本作成して各直線上での粗大な結晶粒の割合を算出し、更に[各直線上での粗大な結晶粒の割合の合計/20]から算出される値を粗大な結晶粒の割合(%)とした。粗大な結晶粒の割合は、15%以下を合格と評価した(表4中、「粗大粒率(%)」参照)。
各結晶相の比率は、スパッタリング後、ターゲットをバッキングプレートから取り外して10mm角の試験片を切出し、X線回折で回折線の強度を測定して求めた。
分析条件:
ターゲット:Cu
単色化:モノクロメートを使用(Kα)
ターゲット出力:40kV−200mA
(連続焼測定)θ/2θ走査
スリット:発散1/2°、散乱1/2°、受光0.15mm
モノクロメータ受光スリット:0.6mm
走査速度:2°/min
サンプリング幅:0.02°
測定角度(2θ):5〜90°
[ZnmIn2O3+m]=I(ZnmIn2O3+m)/(I(ZnmIn2O3+m)+I(In2O3)+I(ZnO))×100
本研究の焼結体を直径4インチ、厚さ5mmの形状に加工し、バッキングプレートにボンディングしてスパッタリングターゲットを得る。そのようにして得られたスパッタリングターゲットをスパッタリング装置に取り付け、DC(直流)マグネトロンスパッタリングを行う。スパッタリングの条件は、DCスパッタリングパワー150W、Ar/0.1体積%O2雰囲気、圧力0.8mTorrとする。この時の100分当りのアーキングの発生回数をカウントし2回以下を合格と評価した(表4中、「異常放電回数」参照)。
キャリア移動度は、上記のスパッタリング条件で成膜した薄膜を用いて作成したチャネル長10μm、チャネル幅100μmの薄膜トランジスタの移動度を測定した。キャリア移動度は15cm2/Vs以上を合格と評価した(表4には記載せず)。
Claims (5)
- 酸化亜鉛と;酸化インジウムと;Ti、Mg、Al、およびNbよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の金属の酸化物と、を混合および焼結して得られる酸化物焼結体であって、
前記酸化物焼結体をX線回折したとき、ZnmIn2O3+m(mは5〜7の整数)相を主相として含み、
前記酸化物焼結体の破断面においてSEMにより観察される結晶粒の平均粒径が10μm以下であり、且つ粒径30μm以上の結晶粒の割合が15%以下であると共に、
前記酸化物焼結体の相対密度は85%以上であることを特徴とする酸化物焼結体。 - 前記酸化物焼結体に含まれる金属元素の含有量(原子%)をそれぞれ、[Zn]、[In]、[Ti]、[Mg]、[Al]、および[Nb]としたとき、[Zn]に対する[In]の比、[Zn]+[In]+[Ti]+[Mg]+[Al]+[Nb]に対する[Ti]+[Mg]+[Al]+[Nb]の比は、それぞれ下式を満足するものである請求項1に記載の酸化物焼結体。
0.27≦[In]/[Zn]≦0.45
([Ti]+[Mg]+[Al]+[Nb])/([Zn]+[In]+[Ti]+[Mg]+[Al]+[Nb])≦0.1 - 前記酸化物焼結体に含まれる前記ZnmIn2O3+m、In2O3、及びZnOの合計に対する前記ZnmIn2O3+mの体積比は、下式を満足するものである請求項1または2に記載の酸化物焼結体。
ZnmIn2O3+m/(ZnmIn2O3+m+In2O3+ZnO)≧0.5
(但し、ZnmIn2O3+mはZn5In2O8、Zn6In2O9、Zn7In2O10の合計である。) - 請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の酸化物焼結体を用いて得られるスパッタリングターゲットであって、比抵抗が0.1Ω・cm以下であること特徴とするスパッタリングターゲット。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の酸化物焼結体の製造方法であって、酸化亜鉛と;酸化インジウムと;Ti、Mg、Al、およびNbよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の金属の酸化物とを混合し、黒鉛型にセットした後、600℃/hr以下の平均昇温速度で焼結温度1000〜1150℃まで昇温した後、該温度域での保持時間0.1〜5時間で焼結することを特徴とする酸化物焼結体の製造方法。
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WO2004079038A1 (ja) * | 2003-03-04 | 2004-09-16 | Nikko Materials Co., Ltd. | スパッタリングターゲット、光情報記録媒体用薄膜及びその製造方法 |
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WO2004079038A1 (ja) * | 2003-03-04 | 2004-09-16 | Nikko Materials Co., Ltd. | スパッタリングターゲット、光情報記録媒体用薄膜及びその製造方法 |
JP2004263273A (ja) * | 2003-03-04 | 2004-09-24 | Nikko Materials Co Ltd | スパッタリングターゲットの製造方法 |
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WO2022030455A1 (ja) * | 2020-08-05 | 2022-02-10 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | スパッタリングターゲット材及び酸化物半導体 |
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