JP2013050844A - Toll calculation device, control method, and program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To calculate a toll applied to a road network area comprised of a plurality of roads.SOLUTION: A toll calculation device comprises a toll calculation unit 140 which calculates a toll applied to a road network area on the basis of a total QK correlation indicating a correlation between a total traffic flow rate Q which is a value totalizing the number of vehicles calculated by road unit per unit distance per unit time for an evaluation target road included in the road network area, and total traffic density K which is the total number of vehicles existing in the road network area, and an estimation value of the total traffic density K at a predetermined time.

Description

  The present invention relates to a toll calculation device, a control method, and a program. In particular, the present invention relates to a toll calculation device for calculating a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads, a control method for controlling the toll calculating device, and a program for the toll calculating device. .

  In recent years, the introduction of road pricing has been studied in urban areas and sightseeing spots for problems such as traffic congestion and air pollution. This road pricing is a system that specifies a target road network area and collects charges for vehicles that enter or pass through the target road area network area. . In road pricing, by collecting tolls, the traffic volume in the target road network area is reduced to reduce traffic congestion and air pollution. Road pricing has already been introduced in other countries such as Singapore and the United Kingdom.

  When implementing road pricing, if the toll is too high, more vehicles will avoid the target road network area, and traffic congestion and air pollution will be reduced in the target road area network. As a result, it is considered that the air environment deteriorates due to the occurrence of traffic congestion on the roads around the target road network area. On the contrary, if the fee is too low, the effect of road pricing cannot be obtained sufficiently. That is, in road pricing, it is desirable for road managers and users to set reasonable tolls that do not cause congestion.

  As a technology made in view of such circumstances, a road that sets a fee to be collected from a vehicle traveling on each route formed in a plurality of sections from a plurality of start points to end points set in a road area network A fee setting device is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The road fee setting device described in Patent Document 1 stores past traffic data in a road area network. Then, the road fee setting device estimates the traffic demand on the target day for each combination of the starting point and the ending point through which each vehicle passes based on the stored past traffic data. Then, the road fee setting device predicts the traffic volume and travel time of each route and each section based on the preset initial value of traffic distribution for each route and the estimated traffic demand. Then, the road fee setting device corrects the initial value of the traffic volume distribution based on the prediction and outputs it as the target traffic volume distribution. Then, the road fee setting device predicts the traffic distribution of each route based on the preset initial fee for each route and the distance of the route. Then, the road fee setting device corrects the initial fee so that the predicted traffic distribution is approximated to the target distribution, and outputs it as the final fee for each route.

JP 2008-009639 A

  According to the road fare setting device described in Patent Document 1, the occurrence of extremely uneven traffic volume between routes that connect each start point and each end point is suppressed, and the occurrence of traffic congestion is suppressed as much as possible. Environmental degradation such as air pollution is suppressed, and it is possible to set a fee that is beneficial for environmental managers, road managers, and vehicle users.

  By the way, the road fee setting device described in Patent Document 1 determines a fee based on past traffic data. However, the charges determined in this way are not always optimal values for the current traffic conditions in the road network area.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a toll calculation device for calculating a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads. The total traffic flow rate Q, which is the sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated for each road to be evaluated, and the number of all vehicles present in the road network area A toll calculation unit is provided that calculates a toll applied to the road network area based on an aggregate QK relationship indicating a correlation with a certain aggregate traffic density K and an estimated value of the aggregate traffic density K at a predetermined time.

  Based on the traffic flow simulation results in the road network area, the total traffic flow is the sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated for each road in the road network area to be evaluated. The toll calculation unit further includes a total QK relationship calculation unit that calculates a total QK relationship indicating a correlation between the rate Q and the total traffic density K that is the number of all vehicles present in the road network area. The toll applied to the road network area may be calculated based on the total QK relationship calculated by the QK relationship calculation unit and the estimated value of the total traffic density K at a predetermined time.

  Based on the traffic flow simulation result in the road network area, the information processing apparatus further includes a total traffic density K estimation unit that estimates the total traffic density K at a predetermined time, and the toll calculation unit includes the evaluation target road included in the road network area. The total traffic flow rate Q, which is the sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated in road units, and the total traffic density K, which is the number of all vehicles present in the road network area The toll applied to the road network area may be calculated based on the total QK relationship indicating the correlation and the estimated value of the total traffic density K estimated by the total traffic density K estimation unit.

  You may further provide the toll fee data distribution part which distributes the data which show the toll applied to the road network area which the toll calculation part calculated to the user terminal of a vehicle user.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control method for controlling a toll calculation device for calculating a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads, wherein the evaluation is included in the road network area. Aggregated traffic flow rate Q, which is the sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated for the target road, and the aggregated traffic, which is the number of all vehicles present in the road network area A toll fee calculating stage for calculating a toll to be applied to the road network area based on an aggregate QK relationship indicating a correlation with the density K and an estimated value of the aggregate traffic density K at a predetermined time.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a program for a toll calculation device for calculating a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads, wherein the toll calculation device is installed in the road network area. The total traffic flow rate Q, which is the sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated in road units for the included evaluation target road, and the number of all vehicles present in the road network area Function as a toll calculation unit that calculates a toll applied to a road network area based on an aggregate QK relationship indicating a correlation with the aggregate traffic density K and an estimated value of the aggregate traffic density K at a predetermined time Let

  The above summary of the invention does not enumerate all the necessary features of the present invention, and sub-combinations of these feature groups can also be the invention.

  As is apparent from the above description, the present invention can calculate the optimum toll for the current traffic situation in the road network area as compared with the known technology.

It is a figure which shows an example of total QK relationship. It is a figure which shows an example of the toll calculation apparatus 100 which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the information stored in the total QK related information storage part 170 in a table format. It is a figure which shows an example of the information stored in the charge information storage part 180 in a table format. It is a figure which shows an example of the operation | movement flow of the toll calculation apparatus. It is a figure which shows the other example of the operation | movement flow of the toll calculation apparatus. It is a figure which shows an example of a hardware structure at the time of comprising the toll calculation apparatus 100 by electronic information processing apparatuses, such as a computer.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described through embodiments of the invention. However, the following embodiments do not limit the claimed invention, and all combinations of features described in the embodiments are described below. However, this is not always essential for the solution of the invention.

  In the present embodiment, a total traffic flow rate Q and a total traffic density K are defined as traffic state quantities in a road network area composed of a plurality of roads, and a relationship existing between both state quantities is referred to as a total QK relation. . As shown in Equation (1), the aggregate traffic flow rate Q (unit / km / h) is calculated per unit distance per unit time calculated for each road for the road to be evaluated included in the road network area. This is the sum of the number of vehicles. The total traffic density K (units) is the number of all vehicles existing in the road network area, as shown in Expression (2).

  FIG. 1 shows an example of the total QK relationship. In this example, the aggregated QK curve shows that the aggregated traffic density Q increases as the aggregated traffic density K increases while the aggregated traffic density K is small in the road network area. When it becomes larger than the amount, the total traffic flow rate Q is saturated and decreases. This means that if the inflow control is not performed in a situation where an amount of vehicles exceeding the traffic processing capacity of the road network area flows, the total traffic density K of the road network area gradually increases and the total traffic flow rate Q This means that the situation deteriorates at an accelerated rate due to a decrease in vehicle processing capacity in the road network area.

  FIG. 2 shows an example of a toll calculation device 100 according to an embodiment. The toll calculation device 100 is a device that calculates a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads.

  The toll calculation device 100 includes a traffic flow simulation result data input reception unit 110, a total QK relation calculation unit 120, a total traffic density K estimation unit 130, a toll calculation unit 140, a toll data output unit 150, and a toll data distribution unit. 160, a total QK related information storage unit 170, and a charge information storage unit 180. Hereinafter, the function and operation of each component will be described.

  The traffic flow simulation result data input receiving unit 110 receives an input of data indicating a traffic flow simulation result simulated by the traffic flow simulator.

  The total QK relationship calculation unit 120 calculates the total QK relationship based on the traffic flow simulation result in the road network area.

  The total traffic density K estimation unit 130 estimates the total traffic density K at a predetermined time based on the traffic flow simulation result in the road network area.

  The toll calculation unit 140 calculates a toll applied to the road network area based on the aggregate QK relationship and the estimated value of the aggregate traffic density K at a predetermined time. More specifically, the toll calculation unit 140 is applied to the road network area based on the total QK relationship calculated by the total QK relationship calculation unit 120 and the estimated value of the total traffic density K at a predetermined time. Calculate tolls. In addition, the toll calculation unit 140 calculates a toll applied to the road network area based on the aggregate QK relationship and the estimated value of the aggregate traffic density K estimated by the aggregate traffic density K estimation unit 130.

  Toll data output unit 150 outputs data indicating a toll applied to the road network area calculated by toll calculator 140.

  The toll data distribution unit 160 distributes data indicating the toll applied to the road network area calculated by the toll calculating unit 140 to the user terminal of the user of the vehicle.

  FIG. 3 shows an example of information stored in the aggregate QK related information storage unit 170 in a table format. The total QK related information storage unit 170 stores the total traffic density K (unit / area) and total traffic flow rate Q (unit / km / h) in association with each other.

  The total traffic flow rate K (vehicle / area) is the number of all vehicles existing in the road network area. The total traffic flow rate Q (unit / km / h) is included in the road network area when the number of vehicles indicated by the total traffic flow rate K (unit / area) exists in the road network area. For roads to be evaluated, the value is the sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated in road units.

FIG. 4 shows an example of information stored in the charge information storage unit 180 in a table format. The fee information storage unit 180, the ratio of the maximum value _{Q MAX} of aggregate traffic flow rate Q _(%), less than _{K MAX} corresponding to _{Q MAX?} And toll fees (yen) are stored in association with each other.

Here, as shown in FIG. 1, the total QK relationship draws a curved curve. The total traffic flow rate Q increases as the total traffic density K increases, and when saturated, the total traffic flow rate Q decreases as the total traffic density K further increases. In the following explanation, the maximum value of the aggregate traffic flow rate Q when the change in the aggregate traffic flow rate Q changes from rising to falling is referred to as Q _MAX, and the value of the aggregate traffic density K corresponding to Q _MAX in the aggregate QK relationship _Is referred to as K _MAX . Here, in the actual operation, it is from led to Q _MAX there is a risk that it's too late. Therefore, in the present embodiment, a value of the aggregate traffic density K lower by, for example, about 5 (%) to 10 (%) than the actual K _MAX corresponding to Q _MAX is handled as K _MAX .

  FIG. 5 shows an example of an operation flow of the toll calculation device 100. This operation flow shows an operation of calculating the total QK relationship. It should be noted that the description of this operation flow will be made with reference to FIGS.

  The toll calculation device 100 calculates the aggregate QK relationship based on the traffic flow simulation result of the road network area by the traffic flow simulator. In the traffic flow simulation, the actual road conditions are simulated on a computer and evaluated in advance.

  When the traffic flow simulation result data input receiving unit 110 of the toll calculation device 100 receives an input of data indicating the traffic flow simulation result of the road network area from the traffic flow simulator (S101), the data is calculated as a total QK relationship. Send to section 120.

  When receiving the data sent from the traffic flow simulation result data input receiving unit 110, the total QK relationship calculating unit 120 of the toll calculation device 100 calculates the total QK relationship of the road network area (S102). For example, the total QK relationship calculation unit 120 calculates the total traffic density K at a predetermined timing and the total at that time from the traffic flow simulation result of the road network area indicated by the data received from the traffic flow simulation result data input reception unit 110. The value of the traffic flow rate Q is calculated and the process of associating both values is repeated over time. Then, the total QK relationship calculation unit 120 performs curve fitting for a plurality of combinations of the corresponding total traffic flow rate Q and total traffic density K, and calculates a curve function indicating the total QK relationship. Then, the total QK relationship calculation unit 120 associates the total traffic density K values with the total traffic flow rates Q obtained by substituting the calculated total traffic density K values into the calculated function. The data is stored in the QK related information storage unit 170 (S103).

  In this way, information indicating the total QK relationship of the road network area is stored in the total QK relationship information storage unit 170 of the toll calculation device 100. This series of processing is executed at least every time the environment of the road network area changes. A change in the environment of a road network area means that, for example, a road is blocked due to the influence of a traffic accident, or a new commercial facility is opened. This is the case.

  FIG. 6 shows another example of the operation flow of the toll calculation device 100. This operation flow shows an operation of calculating a toll applied to the road network area. It should be noted that the description of this operation flow will be made with reference to FIGS.

  The toll calculation device 100 calculates a toll applied to the road network area based on the traffic flow simulation result of the road network area by the traffic flow simulator.

  When the traffic flow simulation result data input accepting unit 110 of the toll calculation device 100 accepts input of data indicating the traffic flow simulation result of the road network area from the traffic flow simulator (S201), the traffic density simulation K This is sent to the estimation unit 130.

When the total traffic density K estimation unit 130 of the toll calculation device 100 receives the data sent from the traffic flow simulation result data input reception unit 110, the traffic density simulation K estimation unit 130 determines the predetermined time from the traffic flow simulation result of the road network area indicated by the data. The total traffic density K at is estimated (S202). For example, the total traffic density K estimation unit 130 estimates the total traffic density K after 5 minutes. Then, the total traffic density K estimation unit 130 sends data indicating the estimated total traffic density K estimated value K _EST to the toll calculation unit 140.

When the toll calculation unit 140 of the toll calculation device 100 receives the data sent from the total traffic density K estimation unit 130, it calculates the toll applied to the road network area (S203). For example, when the toll calculation unit 140 receives data sent from the total traffic density K estimation unit 130, the toll calculation unit 140 reads information stored in the total QK related information storage unit 170. Then, the toll calculation unit 140 identifies the value of the maximum value Q _MAX of the total traffic flow rate Q based on the information read from the total QK related information storage unit 170. In addition, the toll calculation unit 140 specifies a value K _MAX of the aggregate traffic density K corresponding to Q _MAX . The toll calculation unit 140 also specifies a value Q _EST of the total traffic flow rate Q corresponding to K _EST indicated by the data received from the total traffic density K estimation unit 130. The toll calculation unit 140 calculates the ratio of Q _{EST to} Q _MAX . Further, the toll calculation unit 140 compares K _MAX and K _EST . The toll calculator 140 applies the information stored in the price information storage unit _180, and the ratio of _{Q EST} for _{Q MAX,} based on the comparison result between _{K MAX} and _{K EST,} the road network area Calculate the toll that will be charged. For example, it is assumed that the charge information storage unit 180 stores information as shown in FIG. If the ratio of Q _{EST to} Q _MAX is 47 (%) and the relationship between K _MAX and K _EST is K _MAX > K _EST , the toll calculation unit 140 will apply the toll applied to the road network area. The charge is 500 (yen). Then, the toll calculation unit 140 sends toll data indicating the toll to the toll data output unit 150 and the toll data distribution unit 160.

  When the toll data output unit 150 of the toll calculator 100 receives the toll data sent from the toll calculator 140, it outputs the toll data to an external device (S204). For example, the toll fee data output unit 150 outputs data for displaying on the display screen the toll indicated by the toll data. In this case, the toll applied to the road network area is displayed on the display. The administrator of the road network area has only to perform a predetermined operation to apply the toll displayed on the display.

  Further, for example, the toll data output unit 150 outputs the toll data to a toll gate device that collects tolls in the road network area. In this case, the setting of the toll to be received is automatically applied to the toll gate device.

  On the other hand, when the toll data distributor 160 of the toll calculator 100 receives the toll data sent from the toll calculator 140, it distributes the toll data to the user terminal of the vehicle user (S205). ). Here, the user terminal includes a mobile information terminal such as a mobile phone, PDA (Personal Digital Assistants), a personal computer, and an in-vehicle device. In this way, the vehicle user can know the toll for the road network area. In addition, this series of processes shall be performed every predetermined time.

  As described above, the toll calculation device 100 can calculate the optimum toll for the current traffic situation in the road network area, as compared with known techniques.

  FIG. 7 shows an example of a hardware configuration when the toll calculation device 100 is configured by an electronic information processing device such as a computer. The toll calculation device 100 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) peripheral part, an input / output part, and a legacy input / output part. The CPU peripheral section includes a CPU 802, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 803, a graphic controller 804, and a display device 805 that are connected to each other by a host controller 801. The input / output unit includes a communication interface 807, a hard disk drive 808, and a CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read Only Memory) drive 809 connected to the host controller 801 by the input / output controller 806. The legacy input / output unit includes a ROM (Read Only Memory) 810, a flexible disk drive 811, and an input / output chip 812 connected to the input / output controller 806.

  The host controller 801 connects the RAM 803, the CPU 802 that accesses the RAM 803 at a high transfer rate, and the graphic controller 804. The CPU 802 operates based on programs stored in the ROM 810 and the RAM 803 to control each unit. The graphic controller 804 acquires image data generated by the CPU 802 or the like on a frame buffer provided in the RAM 803 and displays the image data on the display device 805. Alternatively, the graphic controller 804 may include a frame buffer for storing image data generated by the CPU 802 or the like.

  The input / output controller 806 connects the host controller 801 to the hard disk drive 808, the communication interface 807, and the CD-ROM drive 809, which are relatively high-speed input / output devices. The hard disk drive 808 stores programs and data used by the CPU 802. The communication interface 807 is connected to the network communication device 891 to transmit / receive programs or data. The CD-ROM drive 809 reads a program or data from the CD-ROM 892 and provides it to the hard disk drive 808 and the communication interface 807 via the RAM 803.

  The input / output controller 806 is connected to the ROM 810, the flexible disk drive 811, and the relatively low-speed input / output device of the input / output chip 812. The ROM 810 stores a boot program executed when the toll calculation device 100 is started or a program depending on the hardware of the toll calculation device 100. The flexible disk drive 811 reads a program or data from the flexible disk 893 and provides it to the hard disk drive 808 and the communication interface 807 via the RAM 803. The input / output chip 812 connects various input / output devices via the flexible disk drive 811 or a parallel port, serial port, keyboard port, mouse port, and the like.

  A program executed by the CPU 802 is stored in a recording medium such as a flexible disk 893, a CD-ROM 892, or an IC (Integrated Circuit) card and provided by a user. The program stored in the recording medium may be compressed or uncompressed. The program is installed in the hard disk drive 808 from the recording medium, read into the RAM 803, and executed by the CPU 802. The program executed by the CPU 802 uses the toll calculation device 100 as the traffic flow simulation result data input reception unit 110, the total QK relationship calculation unit 120, and the total traffic density K estimation unit 130 described with reference to FIGS. , Toll calculation unit 140, toll data output unit 150, toll data distribution unit 160, total QK related information storage unit 170, and toll information storage unit 180.

  The program shown above may be stored in an external storage medium. As a storage medium, in addition to a flexible disk 893 and a CD-ROM 892, an optical recording medium such as a DVD (Digital Versatile Disk) or a PD (Phase Disk), a magneto-optical recording medium such as an MD (MiniDisk), a tape medium, and an IC card A semiconductor memory or the like can be used. Further, a storage medium such as a hard disk or a RAM provided in a server system connected to a dedicated communication network or the Internet may be used as a recording medium and provided as a program via the network.

  As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated using embodiment, the technical scope of this invention is not limited to the range as described in the said embodiment. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications or improvements can be added to the above embodiment. It is apparent from the scope of the claims that the embodiments added with such changes or improvements can be included in the technical scope of the present invention.

100 Toll Charge Calculation Device 110 Traffic Flow Simulation Result Data Input Accepting Unit 120 Aggregated QK Relationship Calculation Unit 130 Aggregated Traffic Density K Estimator 140 Toll Charge Calculation Unit 150 Toll Data Output Unit 160 Toll Data Distribution Unit 170 Aggregate QK Related Information Store Unit 180 charge information storage unit 801 host controller 802 CPU
803 RAM
804 Graphic controller 805 Display device 806 Input / output controller 807 Communication interface 808 Hard disk drive 809 CD-ROM drive 810 ROM
811 Flexible disk drive 812 I / O chip 891 Network communication device 892 CD-ROM
893 Flexible disk

Claims (6)

A toll calculation device for calculating a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads,
A total traffic flow rate Q, which is a sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated for each road for the road to be evaluated included in the road network area, and within the road network area A toll applied to the road network area based on a total QK relationship indicating a correlation with the total traffic density K, which is the number of all vehicles present, and an estimated value of the total traffic density K at a predetermined time A toll calculation device comprising a toll calculation unit for calculating the toll. Based on the traffic flow simulation result in the road network area, the value is a sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated in road units for the road to be evaluated included in the road network area. A tally QK relationship calculating unit that calculates a tally QK relationship indicating a correlation between the tally traffic flow rate Q and a tally traffic density K that is the number of all vehicles present in the road network area;
The toll calculation unit calculates a toll applied to the road network area based on the aggregate QK relationship calculated by the aggregate QK relationship calculation unit and the estimated value of the aggregate traffic density K at a predetermined time. The toll calculation device according to claim 1. A total traffic density K estimation unit for estimating the total traffic density K at a predetermined time based on a traffic flow simulation result in the road network area;
The toll calculation unit includes a total traffic flow rate Q, which is a sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated for each road for the road to be evaluated included in the road network area. The total QK relationship indicating the correlation with the total traffic density K, which is the number of all vehicles existing in the road network area, and the estimated value of the total traffic density K estimated by the total traffic density K estimation unit The toll calculation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a toll applied to the road network area is calculated based on the toll. The toll data distribution part which distributes the data which show the toll applied to the said road network area which the said toll calculation part calculated to the user terminal of the user of a vehicle is provided further. The toll calculation device according to one item. A control method for controlling a toll calculation device that calculates a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads,
A total traffic flow rate Q, which is a sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated for each road for the road to be evaluated included in the road network area, and within the road network area A toll applied to the road network area based on a total QK relationship indicating a correlation with the total traffic density K, which is the number of all vehicles present, and an estimated value of the total traffic density K at a predetermined time A control method comprising a toll calculation step for calculating the toll. A program for a toll calculation device for calculating a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads, the toll calculating device comprising:
A total traffic flow rate Q, which is a sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated for each road for the road to be evaluated included in the road network area, and within the road network area A toll applied to the road network area based on a total QK relationship indicating a correlation with the total traffic density K, which is the number of all vehicles present, and an estimated value of the total traffic density K at a predetermined time A program that functions as a toll calculation unit that calculates

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