JP2012522760A - p38MAPキナーゼ阻害剤 - Google Patents
p38MAPキナーゼ阻害剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012522760A JP2012522760A JP2012502808A JP2012502808A JP2012522760A JP 2012522760 A JP2012522760 A JP 2012522760A JP 2012502808 A JP2012502808 A JP 2012502808A JP 2012502808 A JP2012502808 A JP 2012502808A JP 2012522760 A JP2012522760 A JP 2012522760A
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Abstract
Description
症の多様なパラメータの低下において有効であることが判明している。Irusenらもまた、核中のグルココルチコイド受容体(GR)の結合親和性の低下を介するコルチコステロイド非感受性に対するp38 MAPK α/βの関与の可能性を示唆している(非特許文献8)。AMG548、BIRB 796、VX702、SCIO469およびSCIO323を包含する様々なp38 MAPキナーゼ阻害剤での臨床経験が非特許文献9に記述されている。
本発明により、式(1)の化合物
が提供される。
化合物(1)の塩の例は、限定されるものでないがHClおよびHBr塩のような強無機酸の酸付加塩、ならびにメタンスルホン酸塩のような強有機酸の付加塩を挙げることができる、全部の製薬学的に許容できる塩を包含する。
。
と反応させることを含んでなる方法により製造し得る。
と反応させることにより製造し得る。
の、式(C)の化合物
トキシカルボニルである場合、それらの除去はジクロロメタン中TFAでの処理により達成し得る。
を、例えば二炭酸ジ−tert−ブチルおよびDMAPを使用して保護することにより製造し得る。
と反応させることにより製造し得る。
と反応させることにより製造し得る。
と反応させることにより製造し得る。NR1R2が−NH2でない場合、適する脱保護段階が、式(10)の化合物を提供するために包含されなければならないことが認識されるであろう。
るところの製薬学的技術分野で公知の方法のいずれによっても製造しうる。非経口投与のための製剤は、滅菌水若しくは生理的食塩水、プロピレングリコールのようなアルキレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコールのようなポリアルキレングリコール、植物起源の油、水素化ナフタレン(hydrogenated naphthalene)などを賦形剤として含有しうる。鼻投与のための製剤は固体であることができ、そして賦形剤、例えば乳糖若しくはデキストランを含有しうるか、または点鼻薬若しくは定量スプレー剤の形態での使用のために水性若しくは油性溶液であってもよい。頬側投与のためには、典型的な賦形剤は、糖、ステアリン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、アルファ化デンプンなどを包含する。
AcOH 氷酢酸
Aq 水性
Ac アセチル
ATP アデノシン−5’−三リン酸
BALF 気管支肺胞洗浄液
Br broad
BSA ウシ血清アルブミン
CarCart(R) 触媒カートリッジ
CDI 1,1−カルボニル−ジイミダゾール
COPD 慢性閉塞性肺疾患
D 二重項
Pd2(dba)3 トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム
DCM ジクロロメタン
DIAD アゾジカルボン酸ジイソプロピル
DIBAL−H 水素化ジイソブチルアルミニウム
DMAP N,N−ジメチルピリジン−4−アミン
DIPEA N,N−ジイソプロピルエチルアミン
DMF N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド
DMSO ジメチルスルホキシド
ELISA 酵素結合免疫吸着検定法
EtOAc 酢酸エチル
FCS ウシ胎児血清
FRET 蛍光共鳴エネルギー転移
HEPES 2−(4−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)ピペラジン−1−イル)エ
タンスルホン酸
Hr 時間(1若しくは複数)
HRP ワサビペルオキシダーゼ
HRV ヒトライノウイルス
ICAM1 細胞接着分子1
IgG 免疫グロブリンG
IL−8 インターロイキン8
JNK c−Jun N末端キナーゼ
LPS リポ多糖
MAPK マイトジェンタンパク質活性化タンパク質キナーゼ
MAPKAP−K2 マイトジェン活性化タンパク質キナーゼ活性化タンパク質キナー
ゼ2
MeOH メタノール
Min 分(1若しくは複数)
MTT 臭化3−(4,5−ジメチルチアゾル−2−イル)−2,5−ジ
フェニルテトラゾリウム
NMP N−メチルピロリドン(1−メチルピロリジン−2−オン)
NSE 有意の効果なし
OD 光学密度
PBMC 末梢血単核細胞
PBS リン酸緩衝生理的食塩水
PMA ホルボールミリステートアセテート
PPh3 トリフェニルホスフィン
RSV RSウイルス
RT 室温
RP HPLC 逆相高速液体クロマトグラフィー
S 一重項
SCX 固体支持陽イオン交換
SDS ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム
SiO2 シリカゲル
T 三重項
TCID50 50%組織培養物感染用量
TFA トリフルオロ酢酸
THF テトラヒドロフラン
TMB 3,3’,5,5’−テトラメチルベンジジン
TNFα 腫瘍壊死因子α
キサントホス 4,5−ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)−9,9−ジメチルキサ
ンテン
全部の出発原料および溶媒は商業的供給源から得たか、若しくは文献の引用に従って製造したかのいずれかであった。水素化は、述べられた条件下でThales H−cubeフローリアクターで実施した。有機溶液は硫酸マグネシウムで慣例に乾燥した。SCXはSupelcoから購入しかつ使用前に1M水性HClで処理した。精製されるべき反応混合物を最初にMeOHで希釈し、そして数滴のAcOHで酸性にした。この溶液をSCXに直接負荷しかつMeOHで洗浄した。所望の物質をその後MeOH中1%NH3で洗浄することにより溶出した。カラムクロマトグラフィーは、示される量を使用してSilicycle充填済みシリカ(230〜400メッシュ、40〜63μM)カートリッジで実施した。
Agilent ScalarカラムC18、5μm(21.2×50mm)、215および254nmでのUV検出を使用する、10minにわたる0.1%v/vギ酸を含有するH2O−MeCN勾配で溶出する流速28mL/min。勾配情報:0.0〜0.5min:95%H2O−5%MeCN;0.5〜7.0min;95%H2O−5%MeCNから5%H2O−95%MeCNまで傾斜;7.0〜7.9min:5%H2O−95%MeCNで保持;7.9〜8.0min:95%H2O−5%MeCNに戻す;8.0〜10.0min:95%H2O−5%MeCNで保持。
逆相高速液体クロマトグラフィー:
Agilent ScalarカラムC18、5μm(4.6×50mm)若しくはWaters XBridge C18、5μm(4.6×50mm)215および254nmでのUV検出を使用する、7minにわたる0.1%v/vギ酸を含有するH2O−MeCN勾配で溶出する流速2.5mL/min。勾配情報:0.0〜0.1min:95%H2O−5%MeCN;0.1〜5.0min:95%H2O−5%MeCNから5%H2O−95%MeCNまで傾斜;5.0〜5.5min:5%H2O−95%MeCNで保持;5.5〜5.6min:5%H2O−95%MeCNで保持、流速を3.5ml/minに増加;5.6〜6.6min:5%H2O−95%MeCNで保持、流速3.5ml/min;6.6〜6.75min:95%H2O−5%MeCNに戻す、流速3.5ml/min;6.75〜6.9min:95%H2O−5%MeCNで保持、流速3.5ml/min;6.9〜7.0min:95%H2O−5%MeCNで保持、流速を2.5ml/minに減少。
参照として残留非重水素化溶媒を使用するBruker Avance III 400MHz
4−(2−クロロピリジン−4−イルオキシ)ナフタレン−1−アミン(3)
4−(4−ニトロナフタレン−1−イルオキシ)ピリジン−2−アミン(10)
チル−1−p−トリル−1H−ピラゾル−5−イル)ウレイド)ナフタレン−1−イルオキシ)ピリジン−2−イル)−2−メトキシアセトアミド(1)(25.5g、45%)を白色粉末として提供した。実測値:C、68.41;H、5.93;N、14.36;C33H34N6O4は、C、68.49;H、5.92;N、14.52%を必要とする。
in vitroアッセイを使用して確立された式(1)の化合物の特性の要約を下に提示する。式(1)の化合物はBIRB796に対するそのプロファイルの実質的差違を示した。双方の化合物はTHP−1細胞および分化U937細胞におけるLPS誘発性TNFα遊離の強力かつ効果的な阻害剤であった(表1)とは言え、BIRB796は、われわれが検討した6種の他の系、すなわち分化U937細胞におけるLPS誘発性IL−8遊離(BIRB796 最大阻害の31%;式(1)の化合物のIC50:7.9nM);痰マクロファージからのLPS誘発性IL−8遊離(表2);ヒト気管支上皮細胞株BEAS2B細胞におけるポリI:C誘発性ICAM1発現(BIRB796 10μg/mlで効果なし;式(1)の化合物のIC50:1.7nM)、BEAS2B細胞におけるライノウイルス誘発性ICAM1発現(表2);BEAS2B細胞におけるライノウイルス誘発性IL−8遊離(表2)およびMRC5細胞におけるライノウイルス複製において有意の効果なし(NSE)を示した。顕著に対照的に、式(1)の化合物は全6種の系で活性を示し、かつ、U937細胞におけるLPS誘発性TNFα遊離で示されたにおけるものに同等であったか若しくはそれを超えた効力のレベルを示した。
化合物の酵素阻害活性を、ドナーおよびアクセプター双方のフルオロフォア(Z−LYTE、Invitrogen Ltd.、英国ペーズリー)で標識した合成ペプチドを使用するFRETにより測定した。組換えリン酸化p38 MAPK γ(MAPK12:Millipore)をHEPES緩衝液で希釈し、所望の最終濃度の化合物と混合し、そして室温で2時間インキュベートした。FRETペプチド(2μM)およびATP(100μM)を次に酵素/化合物の混合物に添加しかつ1hrインキュベートした。発色試薬(プロテアーゼ)は蛍光マイクロプレートリーダー(Varioskan(R)Flash、ThermoFisher Scientific)での検出前に1時間添加した。部位特異的プロテアーゼはリン酸化されていないペプチドのみを切断しそしてFRETシグナルを除外する。各反応のリン酸化レベルを、フルオレセイン発光(アクセプター)に対するクマリン発光(ドナー)の比を使用して計算し、高い比は高リン酸化および低い比は低リン酸化レベルを示す。各反応の阻害パーセントを阻害されない対照に関して計算し、そして50%阻害濃度(IC50値)をその後濃度反応曲線から計算した。
ヒト単球細胞株U937細胞を、ホルボールミリステートアセテート(PMA;100ng/ml)との48ないし72hrのインキュベーションによりマクロファージ型細胞
に分化させた。適切な場合は、細胞を最終濃度の化合物と2hrプレインキュベートした。細胞をその後0.1μg/mlのLPS(大腸菌(E.Coli):O111:B4、Sigmaから)で4hr刺激し、そしてサンドイッチELISA(Duo−set、R&D systems)によるTNFα濃度の測定のため上清を収集した。TNFα産生の阻害を、ベヒクル対照との比較により各濃度の試験化合物で10μg/mlのBIRB796により達成されたもののパーセントとして計算した。相対50%有効濃度(R−EC50)を、結果として生じる濃度反応曲線から決定した。ヒト単球細胞株THP−1もまたこのアッセイに使用した。THP−1細胞を3μg/mlのLPS(大腸菌(E.Coli):O111:B4、Sigmaから)で4hr刺激し、そしてTNFα濃度の測定のため上清を収集した。50%阻害濃度(IC50)を、結果として生じる濃度反応曲線から決定した。
ヒト単球細胞株U937細胞を、ホルボールミリステートアセテート(PMA;100ng/ml)との48ないし72時間のインキュベーションによりマクロファージ型細胞に分化させた。細胞を最終濃度の化合物と2hrプレインキュベートした。細胞をその後0.1μg/mlのLPS(大腸菌(E.Coli):O111:B4、Sigmaから)で4hr刺激し、そしてサンドイッチELISA(Duo−set、R&D systems)によるIL−8濃度の測定のため上清を収集した。IL−8産生の阻害をベヒクル対照との比較により各濃度の試験化合物で計算した。50%阻害濃度(IC50)を、結果として生じる濃度反応曲線から決定した。
ポリI:C(1μg/ml)(Invivogen Ltd.、カリフォルニア州サンディエゴ)を、Oligofectamine(Invitrogen、カリフォルニア州カールズバッド)を用いてBEAS2B細胞(ヒト気管支上皮細胞、ATCC)にトランスフェクトした。細胞は最終濃度の化合物と2hrプレインキュベートした。細胞表面上のICAM1発現のレベルを細胞に基づくELISAにより測定した。簡潔には、ポリI:Cトランスフェクション後18hrに細胞をPBS中4%ホルムアルデヒドで固定した。0.1%アジ化ナトリウムおよび1%過酸化水素を添加することにより内因性ペルオキシダーゼをクエンチした後に、細胞を洗浄緩衝液(PBS中0.1%Tweeen:PBS−Tween)で洗浄した。ウェルをPBS−Tween中5%乳で1hrブロッキングした後、細胞を1%BSA PBS中抗ヒトICAM−1抗体(Cell Signaling Technology、マサチューセッツ州ダンバーズ)と4℃で一夜インキュベートした。細胞をPBS−Tweenで洗浄しかつ二次抗体(HRP結合抗ウサギIgG、Dako Ltd.、デンマーク・グロストルップ)とインキュベートした。ICAM−1シグナルを、基質を添加すること、および分光光度計を使用して655nmの参照波長を用い450nmでの吸光度を読み取ることにより検出した。細胞をその後PBS−Tweenで洗浄し、そして各ウェル中の総細胞数を、クリスタルバイオレット染色および1%SDS溶液による溶出後に595nmでの吸光度を読み取ることにより測定した。測定されたOD450−655読み取り値を、各ウェル中のOD595読み取り値で除算することにより細胞数について補正した。ICAM−1発現の阻害はベヒクル対照との比較により各濃度の試験化合物で計算した。50%阻害濃度(IC50)を、結果として生じる濃度反応曲線から決定した。
痰を健康志願者への3%(w/v)高張食塩水の噴霧溶液の吸入により誘導した。ジチオスレイトール(最終で0.02%)をその後添加し、そして痰がより少なく粘性になるまでボルテックスミキサーを使用して活発に混合した。遠心分離(1500rpmで10min)により生じられた細胞ペレットを10%FCS RPMI−1640に再懸濁し
、そして痰マクロファージを高結合プレート(CellBIND(R)、Corning
Limited.英国)での2hrのプレート接着により分離した。接着された細胞をRPMI−1640で洗浄しかつLPS(1μg/ml)で刺激した。4hrのインキュベーション後に、Duoset ELISA発色キット(R&D systems、ミネソタ州ミネアポリス)を使用するIL−8産生の測定のため上清を収集した。化合物はLPS刺激の2hr前に添加した。
ヒトライノウイルスRV16(HRV)をAmerican Type Culture Collection(バージニア州マナサス)から得た。ウイルスストックを、細胞の80%が細胞壊死性になるまでHela細胞をHRVに感染させることにより生成した。
MRC5細胞(ヒト肺線維芽細胞、ATCC)を1MOI(1.0の感染多重度)のHRVに感染させ、そして吸収のため穏やかな振とうを伴い33℃で1hrインキュベートした。細胞をその後PBSで洗浄し、新鮮培地を添加し、そして細胞をさらなる96hrインキュベートした。上清を収集し、そしてウイルス含有上清の10倍連続希釈を調製した。全部の滴定(titration)は、コンフルエントなHela細胞単層を連続希釈上清(10−1ないし10−5)に感染させること、および感染4日後にMTTアッセイにより細胞変性効果を評価することにより実施した。Hela細胞の50%を感染させるのに必要とされるウイルスの量をTCID50U/mLとして各処置で計算した。化合物は、HRV感染の24および2hr前、ならびに非感染HRVを洗い落とした感染1hr後に添加した。
非絶食マウスに、LPS処置を開始する前の示された時点(2〜12hrの範囲内)にベヒクル若しくは試験物質いずれかを気管内経路により投与した。T=0でマウスを曝露
チャンバーに入れかつLPSに曝露した。LPS投与8時間後に動物を麻酔下にし、気管にカニューレ処置し、そして気管カテーテルを介して肺中に1mlのPBSを注入することおよび引き抜くことによりBALFを抽出した。BALFサンプル中の総白血球数および白血球百分率数はNeubaur血球計算器を使用して測定した。BALFサンプルのサイトスピンスメアを室温で200rpmで5分間の遠心分離により調製し、そしてDiffQuik染色系(Dade Behring)を使用して染色した。油浸顕微鏡検査を使用して細胞を計数した。化合物(1)でのマウスの処置は、LPS投与前2、8若しくは12hrに処置される場合にBALF中への好中球蓄積を阻害することが見出された(表3および4)。
Dunkin Hartleyモルモットを卵アルブミンで免疫した。6用量のベヒクル若しくは実施例8(1.5mg/ml)をエアゾルにより12時間ごとに投与し、最後の用量はアレルゲン投与(等級V、OVA;De Vibliss超音波ネブライザー2000を使用してエアゾル化した10μg/mL溶液、30minにわたる)の開始2hr前に投与した。2群の動物が6用量の実施例8を受領した一方、さらなる2群が6用量のベヒクルを受領した。OVA投与(上の群の詳細を参照されたい)の8若しくは24時間後に気管にカニューレ処置しかつBALFを抽出した。このための手順は気管カテーテルを介して肺中に5mlのPBSを吸引することを必要とした。BAL液サンプル中の総白血球数および白血球百分率数はNeubaur血球計算器を使用して測定した。BAL液サンプルのサイトピンスメアを200rpmで室温で5minの遠心分離により調製し、そしてDiffQuik染色系(Dade Behring)を使用して染色した。細胞は油浸顕微鏡検査を使用して盲検で(blind)計数した。
A/Jマウス(雄性、5週齢)を、小動物向けのたばこ煙吸入実験装置(SIS−CS型;柴田科学株式会社、東京)を使用して、11日間1日あたり30min間たばこ煙(4%たばこ煙、圧縮空気で希釈)に曝露した。試験物質を、最後のたばこ煙曝露後3日間1日2回、鼻内に(50%DMSO/PBS中溶液35μl)かつ治療的に与えた。最終投与12時間後に動物を麻酔し、気管にカニューレ処置しかつ気管支肺胞洗浄液(BALF)を収集した。肺胞マクロファージおよび好中球の数を、抗マウスMOMA2抗体(マクロファージ)若しくは抗マウス7/4抗体(好中球)を使用するFACS分析(EPICS(R)ALTRA II、Beckman Coulter,Inc.、米国カリフォルニア州フラートン)により測定した。
雄性Dunkin−Hartleyモルモット(300〜350g、n=6/群)を、第2および6日に1ml生理的食塩水中100μgの卵アルブミン(OVA)+100mgのAl2(OH)3で感作した(i.p.)。パラインフルエンザウイルス(PIV−3;106感染単位)若しくはウイルスを含まない培地を第11および12日に鼻に注入した。動物を、第10〜15日から、噴霧される(i)1日あたり1.5mgの用量のフルチカゾンプロピオン酸エステル(初期の試験は、この用量のフルチカゾンプロピオン酸エステルがPIV3培地で処置した感作動物での卵アルブミン媒介性肺機能変化を阻害したことを確立した)若しくは(ii)化合物(1)(1日あたり0.15mg)若しくは(iii)上で示された用量のフルチカゾンプロピオン酸エステルおよび化合物(1)の組合せ若しくは(iv)ベヒクル(DMSO:エタノール:生理的食塩水、30:30:40%)いずれかで処置した。全動物に第15日に噴霧OVA(10μg/ml)を1hr投与し、そして比気道コンダクタンス(sGaw)の反復測定を、全身プレチスモグラフィーを使用して24hにわたり行った。OVA投与後のsGawの測定値をベースラインからの変化%としてプロットする。図3は単剤療法としての化合物1の効果を示す一方
、図4はフルチカゾンプロピオン酸エステルと組合せで投与される場合のその効果を示す。化合物(1)単独での処置は、卵アルブミン投与に対する初期(第1hr)の気管支括約筋応答に対する影響を生じないことが見出されたが、しかしその後の応答(処置後2〜12hr)を顕著に阻害した。フルチカゾンプロピオン酸エステルと共投与される場合、卵アルブミン投与により惹起される初期およびその後の双方の気管支括約筋応答が阻害された。
in vitroの生物学的研究は、式(1)の化合物が、抗炎症活性のin vitroモデル(分化U937細胞およびTHP−1細胞からのLPS誘発性TNFα遊離)における良好な有効性を伴う、p38 MAPキナーゼサブタイプαおよびγの強力な阻害剤であることを示す。加えて、式(1)の化合物は、ライノウイルス誘発性炎症およびライノウイルス複製の双方を阻害することが可能であるという驚くべき特性を示す。
Claims (9)
- 式(I)の化合物
- 1種若しくはそれ以上の製薬学的に許容できる希釈剤若しくは担体とともに請求項1に記載の化合物を含んでなる製薬学的組成物。
- 医薬品としての使用のための請求項1に記載の式(1)の化合物。
- COPD(慢性気管支炎および肺気腫を包含する)、喘息、小児喘息、嚢胞性線維症、サルコイドーシス、特発性肺線維症のような慢性呼吸器疾患患者における悪化の処置若しくは予防における使用のための請求項1に記載の式(1)の化合物若しくは請求項2に記載の組成物。
- COPD(慢性気管支炎および肺気腫を包含する)、喘息、小児喘息、嚢胞性線維症、サルコイドーシス、特発性肺線維症、アレルギー性鼻炎、鼻炎、副鼻腔炎、アレルギー性結膜炎、結膜炎、アレルギー性皮膚炎、接触皮膚炎、乾癬、潰瘍性大腸炎、関節リウマチ若しくは変形性関節症に二次的な炎症を起こした関節、関節リウマチ、膵炎、悪液質、非小細胞肺癌、乳癌、胃癌、結腸直腸癌および悪性黒色腫を包含する腫瘍の増殖および転移の阻害から選択される状態の処置若しくは予防における使用のための請求項1に記載の式(1)の化合物若しくは請求項2に記載の組成物。
- COPD(慢性気管支炎および肺気腫を包含する)、喘息、小児喘息、嚢胞性線維症、サルコイドーシス、特発性肺線維症、アレルギー性鼻炎、鼻炎、副鼻腔炎、肺高血圧症、アレルギー性結膜炎、結膜炎、アレルギー性皮膚炎、接触皮膚炎、乾癬、潰瘍性大腸炎、関節リウマチ若しくは変形性関節症に二次的な炎症を起こした関節、関節リウマチ、膵炎、悪液質、非小細胞肺癌、乳癌、胃癌、結腸直腸癌および悪性黒色腫を包含する腫瘍の増殖および転移の阻害から選択される状態の処置若しくは予防のための医薬品の製造のための請求項1に記載の式(1)の化合物若しくは請求項2に記載の組成物の使用。
- 有効量の請求項1に記載の式(1)の化合物若しくは請求項2に記載の製薬学的組成物を被験体に投与することを含んでなる、COPD(慢性気管支炎および肺気腫を包含する)、喘息、小児喘息、嚢胞性線維症、サルコイドーシス、特発性肺線維症、アレルギー性鼻炎、鼻炎、副鼻腔炎、アレルギー性結膜炎、結膜炎、アレルギー性皮膚炎、接触皮膚炎、乾癬、潰瘍性大腸炎、関節リウマチ若しくは変形性関節症に二次的な炎症を起こした関節、関節リウマチ、膵炎、悪液質、非小細胞肺癌、乳癌、胃癌、結腸直腸癌および悪性黒色腫を包含する腫瘍の増殖および転移の阻害から選択される状態の処置方法。
- うっ血性心不全、糖尿病、癌のような慢性状態を伴う患者、または免疫抑制患者例えば
臓器移植後での呼吸器ウイルス感染症の処置若しくは予防でのような使用のための請求項1に記載の式(1)の化合物若しくは請求項2に記載の組成物。 - うっ血性心不全、糖尿病、癌のような慢性状態を伴う患者、または免疫抑制患者例えば臓器移植後での呼吸器ウイルス感染症の処置若しくは予防における使用のための、ザナマビル若しくはオセルタミビル(例えばオセルタミビルリン酸エステル)のような抗ウイルス療法と組合せの、請求項1に記載の式(1)の化合物若しくは請求項2に記載の組成物。
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CA2754609A1 (en) | 2010-10-07 |
AU2010231120A1 (en) | 2011-09-08 |
AU2010231120B2 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
US8642773B2 (en) | 2014-02-04 |
NI201100173A (es) | 2012-02-21 |
GB0905955D0 (en) | 2009-05-20 |
ECSP11011371A (es) | 2011-11-30 |
EP2414347A1 (en) | 2012-02-08 |
WO2010112936A1 (en) | 2010-10-07 |
US20120136031A1 (en) | 2012-05-31 |
JP5751640B2 (ja) | 2015-07-22 |
EP2414347B1 (en) | 2016-03-30 |
EA201171213A1 (ru) | 2012-03-30 |
CL2011002442A1 (es) | 2012-04-09 |
US9242960B2 (en) | 2016-01-26 |
KR20120006033A (ko) | 2012-01-17 |
MX2011010366A (es) | 2011-10-17 |
SG174139A1 (en) | 2011-10-28 |
PE20120516A1 (es) | 2012-05-09 |
US20140228410A1 (en) | 2014-08-14 |
ZA201108048B (en) | 2013-04-24 |
CN102395575B (zh) | 2014-11-12 |
CO6501168A2 (es) | 2012-08-15 |
IL214799A0 (en) | 2011-11-30 |
CN102395575A (zh) | 2012-03-28 |
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