JP2012236154A - Foreign matter removing device for biomass material, and crushing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a foreign matter removing device which removes mud lumps and pebbles from agricultural by-product material carried in from fields by a device which is as inexpensive and compact as possible with respect to a foreign matter removing device for biomass material, and a crushing device.SOLUTION: A foreign matter removing device 1 which is mounted on the crushing device and used includes a foreign matter discharge port 4 of wide width opened at a wall surface on the side of a duct 9 of a body where foreign matter having larger apparent specific gravity than biomass material falls, and includes a plate-like foreign matter discharge chute 5 which is wide enough to come into inner contact with the foreign matter discharge port at a lower end of the foreign matter discharge port 4 and inclined outward, and sorts the biomass material and foreign matter by blowing the biomass material above the foreign matter discharge chute 5 toward the crushing device 11 with an air current flowing in through the foreign matter discharge port 4 through a suction fan.

Description

  The present invention relates to a biomass raw material removing device and a crushing device, and more particularly to a removing device that removes pebbles and mud from a herbaceous agricultural by-product that is a raw material for biomass ethanol, and a crushing device equipped with the removing device.

  Crude oil prices have risen due to growing energy demand in emerging countries including China, concerns about depletion of fossil fuels, and concerns about supply due to unstable political conditions in oil-producing countries. Therefore, efforts are being made to use biomass ethanol mixed with gasoline as a liquid fuel to replace petroleum products, particularly automobile gasoline. In particular, biomass ethanol is in circulation in Brazil, the United States, and the like.

  In Japan, biomass ethanol, which is a carbon-neutral fuel, is attracting attention from the viewpoint of global warming countermeasures. The introduction of biofuels is shown in the Kyoto Protocol Target Achievement Plan, and it is inevitable that the post-Kyoto Protocol will continue to enforce strict greenhouse gas emission regulations. Is promoted.

  Biomass ethanol is mainly composed of saccharides based on sugar cane and sugar beet, and starch based on corn, potato, sweet potato and the like. On the other hand, since these raw materials compete with food and livestock feed, if biomass ethanol is increased on a large scale, there is a problem that the price of raw materials increases as the demand increases and the price as food increases. In addition, it has been pointed out that the supply of food crops, especially beans, may become tight as a result of conversion from other food crops to raw material crops.

  As a raw material of biomass ethanol that can avoid competition with food, a method for producing ethanol using a non-food raw material or a non-edible part is being sought. Currently, as a method for producing ethanol from non-food raw materials, research for converting cellulose in the raw materials into ethanol is in progress. Cellulose is highly expected as a resource for biomass ethanol because it is contained in a large amount in every plant.

  Cellulosic biomass ethanol is broadly divided into those based on wood and those based on herbs. Research and demonstration are underway to use building waste and forestry wastes from wood. In particular, as a method for preventing illegal dumping of building waste, attempts have been made to collect the waste for a fee and reuse it as ethanol.

  The use of agricultural by-products as herbaceous materials is being studied. For example, wheat straw, rice straw, etc. are mostly reduced to the soil by burning them in the field or by pouring them into the fields. However, plowing is not necessarily performed depending on the temperature and soil conditions of the field, and field burning is partly discharged from the field as a by-product because environmental damage is avoided. As one of the methods of utilizing this waste, research on converting agricultural by-products into cellulose biomass ethanol is being promoted mainly by NEDO and National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology.

Cellulosic biomass ethanol is produced in the steps of saccharification with enzymes, alcohol fermentation with yeast, distillation, and dehydration.
Since cellulose contained in biomass is protected by lignin and hemicellulose, ethanol production requires a pretreatment to dissociate this protection into a state where the enzyme can act. As the pretreatment, a method using sulfuric acid, such as a concentrated sulfuric acid method or a dilute sulfuric acid two-stage saccharification method, is generally used.

  In the concentrated sulfuric acid method, after the treatment, chromatographic separation is performed to separate the sulfuric acid from the reaction solution, and further, concentration is performed using a multi-effect can in order to reuse the diluted sulfuric acid. Since this separation and concentration process requires electric power and thermal energy, there is a problem that the energy balance deteriorates. In the dilute sulfuric acid two-stage saccharification method, lime is used to neutralize the dilute sulfuric acid, and the processing cost of the gypsum produced becomes a problem. In both methods, the cost of the wastewater treatment considering the environmental load is large and the equipment is required to have acid resistance.

Therefore, hot water treatment has been studied as a step of performing pretreatment without using sulfuric acid. For example, there is a method in which pulverized rice straw is treated with an organic acid at about 200 ° C. to decompose and saccharify cellulose and hemicellulose. According to this method, it is possible to reduce an excessive cost in consideration of environmental load and corrosion resistance. For example, in a pilot plant trial using sugarcane pomace (bagasse) as a raw material, the ethanol production cost is about 40 yen / l, and biomass is at a level that can be price competitive with petroleum products. Ethanol can be produced.
In contrast to the concentrated sulfuric acid method and the dilute sulfuric acid two-stage saccharification method, which use a raw material crop pulverized to about 2 mm, there is a demand for finer grinding of the raw material in the hot water treatment.

  Rice straw as a biomass raw material is carried in as a roll formed in the field. The rice straw roll is cut to about 20 mm with a cutter, and is then put into a pulverizer and finely pulverized. However, since rice straw rolls contain a large percentage of foreign matter such as mud and pebbles, foreign matter such as pebbles wears the cutter of the crusher when pulverizing, and the size of the discharged product is specified. There is a problem in that the screen for damaging is broken and the life of the pulverizer is shortened. Therefore, in order to pulverize the by-product raw material more finely, it is necessary to remove foreign matters.

  Therefore, as an apparatus for removing heavy foreign substances from lightweight raw material resources, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses an example used in a plant for increasing the bulk specific gravity of a waste sheet material. In the plant which raises the bulk specific gravity of the waste sheet material described in patent document 1, it has the process of classifying the crushed material of the waste sheet material into a lightweight thing and a heavy thing by a wind power sorter using a specific gravity difference.

  Such a wind power sorter blows air from the side by a blower fan, and sorts into a lightweight object carried by wind power and a falling heavy object. The lightweight material is transported together with air, and separated from the air by a cyclone separator provided in a subsequent process and collected.

  Therefore, in the wind power sorter applied to the plant described in Patent Document 1, in addition to the blower fan, a wind tunnel for sorting light and heavy objects, a transport pipe for pneumatically transporting light objects, a cyclone separator, and the like are required. The plant becomes relatively large.

  On the other hand, agricultural by-products such as rice straw are not available throughout the year, and are produced in large quantities in a specific season in a wide area. Therefore, a plant that uses agricultural by-products as a raw material needs to be a local production / local consumption type installed in an area where the raw material is generated or a mobile type that moves the plant to a raw material production region according to the season. In any case, it is impossible to construct a large and complex plant, and it is required to reduce the size of the plant as much as possible.

In addition, using cheap raw materials and ethanol, which is a product, is exposed to intense price competition with petroleum products, it is necessary to build a manufacturing plant as inexpensively as possible.
Therefore, for example, a relatively large-scale plant as disclosed in Patent Document 1 cannot be applied as it is as a pulverizing apparatus or a foreign matter removing apparatus applied to a previous process for producing biomass ethanol.

JP 2008-18729 A

  Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to remove foreign matter by removing mud and pebbles with a small device as much as possible from agricultural by-product raw material carried from the field in the foreign material removing device and pulverizing device for biomass raw material. Is to provide a device.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the biomass material foreign matter removing apparatus of the present invention is a biomass material foreign matter removing device including a main body duct placed on a pulverizer having a suction fan. A wide foreign material discharge port is opened on the wall on the side where a foreign material with a large apparent specific gravity falls, and a plate-shaped foreign material discharge having a width inscribed in the foreign material discharge port at the lower end of the foreign material discharge port and inclined outward. A chute is provided, and the airflow flowing in through the foreign matter discharge port by the suction fan is configured to blow the biomass material above the foreign matter discharge chute toward the pulverizer.

A raw material charging chute inclined toward the wall surface is formed on one surface of the upper end of the hollow columnar body duct, a wide foreign material discharge port is opened below the wall surface of the raw material charging chute, and a foreign material discharge port is formed at the lower end of the foreign material discharge port. A foreign matter discharge chute formed in a plate shape having the same width as the discharge port can be inclined and penetrated outward.
The foreign matter discharge port is preferably provided in the vicinity of a position where a parabola drawn by an object discharged from the lower end portion of the raw material charging chute at an initial speed corresponding to the slope length and angle of the raw material charging chute intersects the opposite wall surface of the main body.

  The foreign matter removing apparatus is operated with a crusher connected to the lower part. For example, a cutter mill having a suction fan is used as the pulverizer. The raw material is introduced into the cutter mill by applying a negative pressure with a suction fan and cut between the rotary blade and the fixed blade. The raw material stays in the mill, is repeatedly sheared, and pulverized to a certain size or less passes through a screen that regulates the product size and is discharged by suction air. The discharged pulverized raw material is sent to a subsequent process to be converted into ethanol.

  In the foreign matter removing apparatus, an air flow is formed from the upper part to the lower part by the suction air of the pulverizing apparatus. Since the foreign substance discharge chute penetrated into the main body becomes an obstacle, the airflow is curved to avoid the foreign substance discharge chute. Air is also introduced from the foreign matter discharge port due to the internal negative pressure, and a tributary is formed that flows back into the main body from the upper surface of the foreign matter discharge chute. The tributary joins the main stream at the upper end of the foreign matter discharge chute.

  The foreign matter removing apparatus of the present invention uses this air flow to sort the raw material and foreign matter. As the raw material to be introduced into the foreign matter removing apparatus, a raw material obtained by cutting a biomass raw material carried in as a rice straw roll or the like into about 20 mm to 50 mm is used. Since rice straw rolls are produced by agricultural equipment in the field, in addition to rice straw, foreign substances such as pebbles, dry mud, and metal pieces are mixed.

  Biomass raw materials such as rice straw have a small apparent specific gravity with respect to the wind receiving area, and foreign substances such as pebbles, mud blocks and metal pieces have a large apparent specific gravity. Therefore, the biomass raw material rides on the air current and is transported to the crushing device while avoiding the foreign matter discharge chute. On the other hand, the foreign matter is not greatly affected by the airflow, draws a parabola, falls on the foreign matter discharge chute, and is discharged to the outside from the foreign matter discharge port according to the inclination of the foreign matter discharge chute.

  Thus, only the biomass raw material which does not contain a foreign material is pneumatically transported to the pulverizer. Therefore, damage to the blade of the cutter mill and the punching filter is reduced, and the part replacement life of the pulverizer can be extended.

  Note that not only the main flow of the airflow but also a tributary that blows back from the foreign matter discharge port to the inside of the foreign matter discharge chute greatly contributes to the selection of the biomass raw material and the foreign matter. Many of the input biomass materials deviate from the main curve and are released near the foreign matter exhaust port. However, the tributary flowing from the foreign material discharge port prevents the biomass material placed on the foreign material discharge chute from being discharged from the foreign material discharge port, and pushes the deviated biomass material back into the main stream. In order to adjust the flow rate of this tributary, it is preferable that the opening height of the foreign matter discharge port be adjusted.

  Also, depending on the flow rate of the tributary, there is also a biomass material that stays above the foreign matter discharge chute, for example, is caught in a vortex of an airflow that is formed above the foreign matter discharge chute, and falls as it is onto the foreign matter discharge chute. Because the biomass material has a low specific gravity, there are not many things that slide off the foreign material discharge chute and are discharged from the foreign material discharge port, but if the biomass material accumulates in the foreign material discharge chute, it will inhibit the foreign material discharge or be taken by the foreign material The problem that the biomass raw material discharged becomes large arises.

  Furthermore, the support for fixing the foreign matter discharge chute and the main body is made of an elastic material, or the upper surface of the foreign matter discharge chute is lined with a buffer material so that the biomass material is not deposited on the foreign matter discharge chute and the foreign matter is discharged. It is recommended that the foreign object does not rebound violently with the chute. The foreign matter removing device is also vibrated by the vibration generated by the cutter mill and the suction fan. Therefore, by elasticizing the foreign matter discharge chute and the support, the vibration of the foreign matter discharge chute can be amplified, and the biomass material accumulated on the upper surface of the foreign matter discharge chute can be raised again and placed on the tributary air. In addition, the effect of smoothly discharging the foreign matter remaining on the foreign matter discharge chute without sliding down the inclination of the foreign matter discharge chute can be expected.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the inclination angle and penetration length of the foreign matter discharge chute are fixed in an adjustable manner. The variation in apparent specific gravity is large because the shape of biomass raw material and the amount of water retained vary greatly depending on the type of raw material plant, farmland, season, etc. Also, the size and amount of foreign matter is not constant depending on the state of the field. Therefore, even if the air volume is the same, the passage route and behavior of the biomass raw material and the foreign matter may be different. Therefore, by adjusting the inclination angle and penetration length of the foreign matter discharge chute according to the raw material, the raw material and the foreign matter can be appropriately separated from the raw material having a wide range of characteristics.

  As described above, according to the foreign material removing apparatus for biomass raw material of the present invention, the foreign material can be separated and removed from the biomass raw material by utilizing the airflow of the suction fan provided in the existing plant. Further, since the structure is very simple and can be installed and used on an existing pulverizer, it can be manufactured at a low cost and does not require a new installation space. Therefore, it can be introduced into a local production / local consumption type or mobile type plant with large restrictions on cost and space without burden. Furthermore, the foreign substance removal apparatus of this invention can also be formed by installing the foreign substance discharge port which has a predetermined structure in the appropriate position of the existing duct which supplies a raw material to a grinding | pulverization apparatus.

  The foreign matter removal apparatus of the present invention is not limited to biomass raw materials such as rice straw, but is widely used for selecting materials mixed with foreign matters having different apparent specific gravity, such as application to collection of waste film. be able to.

  A biomass raw material pulverizing apparatus according to the present invention is a pulverizing apparatus including the foreign matter removing apparatus, a suction fan, and a pulverizer. According to the pulverizing apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to provide a pulverizing apparatus having a long life of the pulverizing blade and the sorting filter even though it is small and inexpensive.

It is the schematic of the state which connected the raw material supply apparatus and the grinding | pulverization apparatus to the foreign material removal apparatus of the biomass raw material which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic of the foreign material removal apparatus of the biomass raw material of this embodiment. It is the table | surface which showed the removal rate of the foreign material tested by operating the foreign material removal apparatus of this embodiment. It is an enlarged view of the foreign material discharge port part of the foreign material removal apparatus of the biomass raw material of this embodiment. It is the schematic of the state which connected the raw material supply apparatus and the grinding | pulverization apparatus to the foreign material removal apparatus of the biomass raw material which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a biomass raw material foreign matter removing apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a raw material supply device and a pulverizing device are connected to a biomass raw material foreign matter removing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the biomass raw material foreign matter removing device.
The foreign matter removing apparatus 1 includes a cylindrical main body duct 9 having a rectangular cross section, and a slope of the raw material charging chute 2 is formed on one side of the upper portion of the main body duct 9. The foreign substance discharge port 4 is located at a position where the parabola 3 drawn by the object discharged from the end of the raw material input chute 2 at the initial speed determined by the slope length and angle of the raw material input chute 2 reaches the opposite wall of the main body duct 9 of the foreign substance removal apparatus 1. It is open.

A foreign matter discharge chute 5 formed of a flat plate is inserted at the lower end of the foreign matter discharge port 4. The foreign matter discharge chute 5 is inclined so that the outside becomes lower, and a foreign matter tank 6 is installed below the outer end of the foreign matter discharge chute 5. The lower end of the foreign matter removing apparatus 1 is open and can be connected to a crushing apparatus.
The foreign matter removing apparatus of the present embodiment uses the raw material supply apparatus 10 connected to the upper side and the pulverizing apparatus 11 connected to the lower side.

  The raw material supply device 10 feeds and supplies the raw material at a fixed rate to the raw material charging chute 2 by the screw feeder 12. The crusher 11 includes a cutter mill 13, a screen 14 for regulating the product size, and a suction fan (not shown). The suction fan is driven to generate negative pressure, the rice straw in the foreign matter removing apparatus 1 is sucked to the cutter mill 13, and the biomass material is pulverized by the shearing force of the rotary blade and the fixed blade. The biomass raw material stays around the cutter mill 13 and repeatedly receives a shearing force, and is finely chopped. The biomass raw material that has become smaller than the opening of the screen 14 that regulates the product size is guided to the suction air, passes through the filter, and is discharged from the pulverizer 11.

  The foreign matter removing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is operated by continuously charging the raw material from the screw feeder 12 of the raw material supply apparatus 10 while the suction fan and the cutter mill 13 of the pulverizing apparatus 11 are in operation.

  The upper end of the main body duct 9 of the foreign matter removing apparatus 1 opens toward the raw material supply apparatus 10. Further, the lower end of the main body duct 9 is opened toward the crushing device 11. Therefore, when the air in the foreign matter removing apparatus 1 is sucked from below by the suction fan, the air flows from the upper part of the foreign matter removing apparatus 1 and the air flow 15 is generated downward. Since the foreign matter discharge chute 5 penetrates into the foreign matter removing apparatus 1 and obstructs the air flow 15, the air flow 15 is curved so as to avoid the foreign matter discharge chute 5. Further, since the foreign matter discharge port 4 is also opened to the outside, air also flows from the foreign matter discharge port 4, goes back on the upper surface of the foreign matter discharge chute 5, changes its direction from the end of the foreign matter discharge chute 5 and moves downward. A tributary 16 flowing in

  The raw material input from the raw material supply apparatus 10 is obtained by cutting a rice straw roll or the like produced in the field into 20 to 50 mm in the previous step. The raw material may include pebbles having a size of several millimeters to several tens of millimeters, dry mud, and the like in addition to the biomass raw material such as the cut rice straw.

  When the mixture of the raw material and the foreign matter is introduced from the screw feeder 12, it slides down the upper surface of the raw material introduction chute 2 and is discharged from the lower end of the raw material introduction chute 2 into the body of the foreign matter removal apparatus 1. Since the biomass raw material has a small mass with respect to the wind receiving area and a small apparent specific gravity, it is carried by the air flow 15 and is introduced into the pulverizing apparatus 11 while avoiding the foreign matter discharge chute 5.

  On the other hand, foreign matter such as pebbles and mud blocks have a large apparent specific gravity, and thus are not affected by the air flow 15 so much and fall along a parabola corresponding to the initial velocity when released. There is a foreign matter discharge port 4 at a position where the parabola reaches the opposite wall surface, and a foreign matter discharge chute 5 is disposed at the lower end of the foreign matter discharge port 4 so as to receive a fallen object. Accordingly, the foreign matter falls near the foreign matter discharge port 4 and lands on the upper surface of the foreign matter discharge chute 5. Further, the foreign matter slides out of the foreign matter removing device 1 due to the inclination of the foreign matter discharge chute 5 and settles in the foreign matter tank 6.

  The parabola 3 is a central parabola calculated using the length and inclination of the raw material charging chute 2 and the friction coefficient between the material of the surface of the raw material charging chute 2 and the representative material of the foreign matter. Depending on the shape and type of the foreign material and the state when the foreign material is inserted, the initial speed at which the foreign material is released has a certain width, so that the parabola actually drawn by the foreign material is scattered vertically relative to the central parabola 3. . For example, according to the initial velocity at which the foreign matter is released from the lower end of the raw material charging chute 2, if the horizontal component of the initial velocity is larger than expected, the foreign matter will fall along the parabola 7 drawn above the parabola 3, and if the horizontal component is smaller than expected. It falls along a parabola 8 drawn below the parabola 3.

Therefore, the foreign matter removing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is formed with an appropriate margin so that the parabola actually drawn by the foreign matter can be captured by the foreign matter discharge chute 5 regardless of whether it is above or below the parabola 3. Yes.
When the foreign matter falls from the raw material charging chute 2 while drawing a parabola 7 passing through the upper side, the foreign matter collides with the wall surface of the foreign matter removing device 1 at the upper part of the foreign matter discharge port 4, bounces back and falls to the foreign matter discharge chute 5. The wall surface of the main body duct 9 above the foreign matter discharge chute 5 may be covered with a buffer material so that the colliding foreign matter will rebound excessively so as not to fall over the upper surface of the foreign matter discharge chute 5 toward the crushing device 11.
Further, when a parabola 8 is drawn in which the foreign matter passes below, the foreign matter does not reach the foreign matter discharge port 4, but falls directly on the foreign matter removal chute 5 penetrating into the foreign matter removing device 1, and the foreign matter removal chute 5. Are discharged out of the foreign substance removal apparatus 1 in accordance with the inclination.

On the other hand, when the biomass material settles on the foreign matter removal chute 5 or drifts above the foreign matter removal chute 5, since the apparent specific gravity is small, the air flow 16 generated by the air being drawn from the foreign matter discharge port 4 and the inside of the main body duct 9. And the mainstream air flow 15 formed in the slab.
Therefore, in the foreign matter removing apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the foreign matter and the biomass raw material can be selected with high probability even when the shape, material, and posture of the foreign matter are not constant.

Thus, the foreign material removal apparatus 1 of a present Example sort | selects a biomass raw material and a foreign material by the difference in apparent specific gravity using the curvature of airflow.
Since the suction fan provided in the crushing device 11 is conventionally used for forming the airflow, it is not necessary to add a new device. Therefore, it can be easily applied to conventional plants, and the additional investment is minimized. Moreover, since it mounts and uses on the upper part of the grinding | pulverization apparatus 11, an installation area is not required and it is especially suitable for a small factory or a mobile type plant.

  FIG. 3 is a table showing the actual value of the removal rate of foreign matters tested by operating the foreign matter removing apparatus of this embodiment. Mix 5 x 50mm (large) pebbles, 10 x 20mm (medium) pebbles, and 20 x 10-5mm (small) pebbles in a rice bran that does not contain foreign matter. Now, the result of a test for checking the number of discharged foreign matters by inserting from the screw feeder is shown. The foreign matter discharge chute 5 is inserted up to about 1/3 of the width of the foreign matter removing apparatus 1 at an angle of 30 ° with respect to the horizontal.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in the first test, 100% of the large pebbles, 90% of the small pebbles were discharged, and 80% of the small pebbles were discharged, and the overall removal rate was 86% at 30/35. In the second test, 100% of large pebbles, 80% of medium pebbles and 55% of small pebbles were discharged, and the overall removal rate was 69% with 24/35.

  As described above, the foreign matter removing apparatus of the present embodiment can obtain a certain effect with a simple structure and a foreign matter removal rate of about 100% for large foreign matter and about 70% to 90% for foreign matter mixed in large and small. is made of. By installing the foreign matter removing device of this embodiment in the plant, damage caused by foreign matter to the cutter mill and punching filter of the grinding device can be reduced, and the life of the device can be extended and the associated cost reduction can be realized. Can do.

  When the state in the foreign matter removing apparatus 1 during the test is observed, most of the rice and wheat straw thrown in from the screw feeder 12 is scattered while sliding down the raw material feeding chute 2, but a part remains solid. It falls on the foreign matter discharge chute 5. This lump of soot is pushed back into the foreign substance removing apparatus 1 by the airflow from the foreign substance discharge port and guided to the pulverizing apparatus 11. At this time, it is considered that the pebbles contained in the lump may be taken.

  In order to eliminate this co-accompaniment, the inclination angle of the foreign matter discharge chute 5 with respect to the horizontal is preferably increased. When the inclination is increased, the biomass raw material that receives the airflow from the foreign matter discharge port 4 and the foreign matter selection force that is not affected by the airflow are increased. However, if the inclination is excessively increased, the raw material is not pushed back into the airflow but mixed with the foreign matter and discharged from the foreign matter discharge port 4.

  Further, when the inclination is increased, the penetration length of the foreign matter discharge chute 5 is reduced inside the foreign matter removing apparatus 1, so that the probability that the foreign matter whose initial speed is slow when being discharged from the raw material charging chute 2 will not be received increases. End up. Therefore, the foreign matter removing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is formed so that the inclination angle and the penetration width of the foreign matter discharge chute 5 can be adjusted, and is operated by finely adjusting each according to the state of the raw material and the foreign matter. To do. Moreover, the opening area of the foreign material discharge port 4 can be adjusted, and the strength of the airflow by the air flowing from the foreign material discharge port 4 can be changed according to the size of the opening.

  FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the vicinity of the foreign matter discharge port 4 of the foreign matter removing apparatus 1 of this embodiment. The foreign matter discharge port 4 has a shape in which the upper portion of the opening 20 that is largely opened in the body portion of the main body duct 9 of the foreign matter removing apparatus 1 is closed with a shielding plate 21. The shielding plate 21 is fixed so that the fixing position can be adjusted up and down. By changing the position of the shielding plate 21, the opening area of the foreign matter discharge port 4 can be changed.

  A plate-like foreign matter discharge chute 5 is inserted at the lower end of the foreign matter discharge port 4. The foreign matter discharge chute 5 is fixed to the foreign matter removing apparatus 1 by a bracket 22 with a long hole so that the attachment angle can be changed. Moreover, it is being fixed so that a horizontal position can be adjusted back and forth with respect to the bracket 22 with the long hole provided in the foreign material discharge chute 5, and insertion length can be changed as needed. An elastic plate 23 made of a rubber material is sandwiched between the bracket 22 and the foreign matter removing apparatus 1. Further, a buffer material may be lined on the upper surface of the foreign matter discharge chute 5 so as to prevent the foreign matter from being reflected strongly and falling toward the crushing device 11 when the foreign matter collides.

  As shown in FIG. 4, in the foreign matter removing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the inclination angle of the foreign matter discharge chute 5, the penetration width, and the magnitude of the airflow from the foreign matter discharge port 4 can be adjusted. As a result of testing under specific conditions, the foreign matter discharge chute 5 was inserted at a 30 ° angle up to about 1/3 of the foreign matter removing apparatus 1 with the highest foreign matter selection efficiency. The posture of the foreign matter discharge chute 5 may be adjusted.

  If the inclination angle of the foreign matter discharge chute 5 is too large, the biomass material cannot ride up the gradient of the foreign matter discharge chute 5 due to the air current and may accumulate on the foreign matter discharge chute 5. For this reason, the elastic plate 23 is inserted between the bracket 22 and the foreign matter removing apparatus 1.

  The foreign matter removing apparatus 1 is vibrated by the vibration generated by the cutter mill and the suction fan. Therefore, the vibration of the foreign matter discharge chute 5 is amplified by fixing the bracket 22 to the foreign matter removing device 1 via the elastic plate 23. By vibrating the foreign matter discharge chute 5, the biomass material accumulated on the upper surface of the foreign matter discharge chute 5 can be raised again and placed in the airflow. In addition, it can be expected that the foreign matter discharge chute 5 can be easily slid down to smoothly remove foreign matters that tend to stay on the chute 5.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a state in which a raw material supply device and a pulverization device are connected to a biomass raw material foreign matter removing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The foreign material removing apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention separates the biomass raw material from the foreign material falling vertically by applying a horizontal air flow instead of separating the foreign material with the inclined raw material charging chute, The vertical wall of the main body duct 9 is in contact with the delivery end of the screw feeder 12, the air intake opening 17 for taking in air is provided in the upper part of the vertical wall, and the foreign matter discharge port 4 is provided in the lower part. Different from the foreign matter removing apparatus of the first embodiment. There is no particular difference in other configurations. For this reason, in the drawings, elements having the same functions as those in FIGS.

The upper end of the vertical wall of the main body duct 9 is located at a position where the conveyed product spills from the screw feeder 12. A foreign matter discharge port 4 is provided in a portion below the vertical wall. In addition, an air intake opening 17 is provided on the vertical wall above the foreign matter discharge port 4.
A foreign matter discharge chute 5 formed of a flat plate is inserted at the lower end of the foreign matter discharge port 4. The foreign matter discharge chute 5 is inclined so that the outside becomes lower, and a foreign matter tank 6 is installed below the outer end of the foreign matter discharge chute 5. The opening area of the foreign matter discharge port 4 can be appropriately set according to the height of the shielding plate 21, and the strength of the airflow 16 passing through the opening can be adjusted.

  In the main body duct 9, a mainstream air flow 15 is formed from the raw material supply device 10 and the air intake opening 17 toward the pulverization device 11 by a suction fan (not shown), and is sucked from the foreign material discharge port 12 to be discharged from the foreign material discharge chute. A tributary air flow 16 is formed which flows on the upper surface of 5 and flows down toward the crushing device 11. The mainstream air flow 15 flows downward while avoiding the foreign matter discharge chute 5.

  In the foreign matter removing apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment, when the biomass raw material is sent to the edge of the main body duct 9 by the screw feeder 12, the biomass raw material has a small apparent specific gravity and is therefore drawn by the air flow 15 during the fall, and the foreign matter discharge chute 5 Is conveyed to the pulverizing apparatus 11. When the biomass material contains foreign matter having a large apparent specific gravity, the foreign matter is not caught in the airflow 15, falls almost vertically along the wall and lands on the foreign matter discharge chute 5, and follows the inclination of the foreign matter discharge chute 5. Then, it rolls out of the main body duct 9 and falls into the foreign substance tank 6.

On the other hand, the biomass raw material having a small apparent specific gravity is blown from the wall toward the center of the main body duct 9 by the airflow blown from the air intake opening 17 in the middle of dropping, and is carried on the mainstream airflow 15 to the crushing device 11. .
When the biomass raw material is present above the foreign matter discharge chute 5, the tributary air flow 16 flowing on the upper surface of the foreign matter discharge chute 5 entrains the biomass raw material on the foreign matter discharge chute 5 and returns it to the main body duct 9, and finally To the crushing device 11.

As described above, according to the foreign matter removing apparatus 1 of the present invention, many foreign matters in the biomass raw material are separated and removed by an inexpensive, space-saving device with a simple structure. A raw material crusher can be formed.
Moreover, even if the composition, moisture content, foreign matter mixing amount, etc. of the biomass material change, the foreign matter removal chute and the foreign matter discharge port can be finely adjusted to improve the foreign matter removal rate.
In addition, according to the foreign material removal apparatus 1 of a present Example, the lifetime of an existing plant can be extended by adding a simple structure to the existing biomass raw material grinding | pulverization apparatus.

  The foreign material removing apparatus and pulverizing apparatus for biomass material according to the present invention can be used to remove a foreign material from a biomass material containing foreign material and protect the cutter mill in a biomass ethanol production plant. In particular, in a local production / local consumption type or mobile type plant, an inexpensive and space-saving foreign matter removing apparatus can be provided, and the life of the plant can be extended with a small burden.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Foreign material removal apparatus 2 Raw material input chute 3 Parabolic wire 4 Foreign material discharge port 5 Foreign material discharge chute 6 Foreign material tank 7 Parabolic wire 8 Parabolic wire 9 Main body duct 10 Raw material supply device 11 Grinding device 12 Screw feeder 13 Cutter mill 14 Screen 15 Air flow 16 Tributary 17 Air intake Opening 20 Opening 21 Shielding plate 22 Bracket 23 Elastic plate

Claims (9)

  A foreign material removing device for a biomass raw material having a main body duct mounted on a pulverizing device having a suction fan, wherein the foreign material having a larger specific gravity than the biomass raw material in the main body duct is dropped on a wall surface on which the foreign material falls. A discharge port is provided, and a lower end of the foreign material discharge port is provided with a plate-shaped foreign material discharge chute having a width inscribed in the foreign material discharge port and inclined outward, and the foreign material discharge port is opened by the suction fan. The biomass material foreign matter removing apparatus is configured to blow an airflow flowing in through the biomass raw material above the foreign matter discharge chute toward the pulverizer.   The main body duct is provided with a raw material charging chute inclined toward the wall surface on one surface of the upper end, and the foreign matter discharge port is provided below the wall surface of the raw material charging chute and guided to the raw material charging chute 2. The foreign material removing apparatus for biomass raw material according to claim 1, wherein a foreign material having a bulk density larger than that of the raw material falls on the foreign material discharge chute.   The foreign matter discharge port is opened at a position where a parabola drawn by an object discharged from an end of the raw material charging chute at an initial speed determined by a slope length and an angle of the raw material charging chute intersects the opposite wall surface of the main body. The foreign material removal apparatus of the biomass raw material of Claim 2.   The foreign material removing apparatus for biomass raw materials according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the foreign material discharge port is formed so that an opening height thereof can be adjusted.   5. The foreign material removing apparatus for biomass material according to claim 1, wherein the foreign substance discharge chute is fixed to the main body via an elastic material.   The biomass foreign material removing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an upper surface of the foreign material discharge chute is lined with a buffer material.   The foreign material removing apparatus for biomass raw materials according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an inclination angle of the foreign substance discharge chute and a penetration length into the main body duct are adjustable.   The said biomass raw material is rice straw, The foreign material removal apparatus of the biomass raw material of any one of Claim 1 to 7 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The biomass raw material grinding | pulverization apparatus by which the biomass raw material foreign material removal apparatus of any one of Claim 1 to 8 was mounted in the grinding | pulverization apparatus provided with the suction fan.

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