JP2012204086A - Solid-state light-emitting element lamp and luminaire - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solid-state light-emitting element lamp which can be used in place of a fluorescent lamp without requiring any improvement or modification of an existing lamp-free fluorescent lighting fixture, and can contribute to enhancement of versatility while eliminating economical waste due to improvement or modification.SOLUTION: In the circuitry arranged in a straight-tube solid-state light-emitting element lamp (LED lamp) similar to a fluorescent lamp, an amount of current to be fed to an LED group 35 is determined by monitoring a pseudo DC voltage being applied across a capacitor 33. A voltage monitoring IC 45 reads the current-voltage characteristics of any one kind of a glow-start, a rapid-start, or an inverter type fluorescent lamp from a memory 44, determines a corresponding amount of current, and instructs an LED driver IC 34.

Description

  The present invention adds improvements and modifications to the so-called lamp-free fluorescent lamp fixture that distinguishes the type of fluorescent lamp (synonymous with fluorescent lamp and fluorescent tube) and performs voltage control and current control suitable for each type. The present invention relates to a straight-tube solid-state light-emitting element lamp that can be mounted and used instead of a fluorescent lamp, and a lighting device including the solid-state light-emitting element lamp and a lamp-free fluorescent lamp fixture.

Conventionally, fluorescent lamps have been widely used as lighting devices for businesses and general households. The light emission principle of a fluorescent lamp is that ultraviolet light generated by discharge is applied to a phosphor to convert it into visible light, and is superior to other lighting devices in terms of efficiency and lifetime.
However, a very small amount of mercury is used in the fluorescent lamp. Mercury is a toxic substance that has been reported to accumulate in the body and cause neuropathy when inoculated.
Therefore, movements to limit the use of mercury, such as RoHS (Restriction of use of certain Hazardous Substance in electrical and electronic equipment) regulations, have become a reality in Europe, based on recent improvements in environmental awareness.
The life of the fluorescent lamp is about 6000 to 12000 hours although it is longer than that of other light bulbs, and often needs to be replaced. As explained earlier, fluorescent lamps contain harmful substances and must be replaced carefully. Therefore, in places where a large amount of fluorescent lamps are used such as buildings and factories, much labor and time are spent on replacing the fluorescent lamps.

In view of such a situation, there has been proposed an illumination device that uses an LED having a longer life than a fluorescent lamp as a light source (Patent Document 1). The lifespan of a typical LED is over 40,000 hours, greatly reducing the time and effort of replacement. Furthermore, since it does not contain harmful substances such as mercury, it is beginning to be recognized as an environmentally friendly lighting device.
In recent years, a high-frequency lighting method using an inverter has been widely adopted as a lighting method for fluorescent lamps. Such inverter-type fluorescent lamp fixtures use the conventional commercial power supply frequency to convert a commercial AC power supply of 50 or 60 Hz into a DC power supply and then convert it to a high frequency power supply of 20 to 50 KHz to light the fluorescent lamp. Compared with the above lighting method, there is an advantage that there is no flickering, it is easy on the eyes, and it is bright because of its high luminous efficiency.

FIG. 3 schematically shows a lighting circuit used in an inverter type fluorescent lamp fixture, and is roughly divided into a rectifier circuit 1, a high-frequency voltage generation circuit 2, a fluorescent lamp 3, and a switch 4. Hereinafter, configurations and operations of the rectifier circuit 1 and the high-frequency voltage generation circuit 2 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 4, the rectifier circuit 1 includes diodes 5, 6, 7, and 8 and a capacitor 9, and has a role of converting AC power into DC power. For example, when the switch 4 shown in FIG. 3 is closed and an AC power supply having a voltage waveform as shown in FIG. 5 is applied between the terminals AB, the negative voltage is shifted to the positive side by the diodes 5, 6, 7, and 8. It is folded and rectified into a waveform as shown in FIG. Then, the voltage fluctuation is smoothed by the capacitor 9, and a pseudo DC voltage as shown in FIG. 7 is obtained.

FIG. 8 shows the configuration of the high-frequency voltage generation circuit 2, which includes a step-down circuit 10, a starting circuit 11, and an oscillation circuit 12 for reducing the voltage of the DC power supply.
The step-down circuit 10 includes a resistor 13, a Zener diode 14, and a capacitor 15. The capacitor 15 is charged via the resistor 13 during a period from when the power is turned on until the voltage applied to the Zener diode 14 reaches the Zener voltage. After reaching the Zener voltage, it functions as a constant voltage source for the Zener voltage.
The starter circuit 11 includes a series circuit of a diode 16 and a resistor 17. The diode 16 is supplied with the Zener voltage of the Zener diode 14, and the resistor 17 is connected between the cathode of the diode 16 and the output of the rectifier circuit 1.

The oscillation circuit 12 includes transistors 18 and 19, diodes 20 and 21, a resonant capacitor 22, and a transformer 23. A voltage from the terminal C is supplied to the intermediate tap of the transformer 23.
One end of the feedback winding 24 of the transformer 23 is connected to the bases of the transistors 18 and 19, and is further connected to the diode 16 of the starting circuit 11 through the resistors 25 and 26 to supply a bias current. The fluorescent lamp 3 is connected to the secondary winding 27 of the transformer 23, and the fluorescent lamp 3 preheats and lights the filament when a high frequency voltage is applied.

Immediately after the power is turned on, a base current is supplied to the transistors 18 and 19 via the resistor 17. One of the transistors 18 and 19 (assumed to be 18 in this description) is activated, and the collector current of the transistor 18 begins to flow. As a result, the current flowing through the primary winding 28 of the transformer 23 changes, and an electromotive voltage is induced in the feedback winding 24.
This electromotive voltage increases the base current of the transistor 18. As the base current increases, the collector current of the transistor 18 increases further, thereby increasing the electromotive voltage and increasing the base current of the transistor 18 more and more. By repeating this operation, the transistor 18 quickly reaches saturation.
On the other hand, the transistor 19 rapidly reaches an inactive state.

When the transistor 18 reaches a saturated state, the collector current does not change, and the electromotive voltage induced in the feedback winding 24 also decreases. As a result, the base current decreases and the transistor 18 returns to the active state. As the base current decreases, the collector current of the transistor 18 decreases, thereby inducing a reverse electromotive voltage in the feedback winding 24. This electromotive voltage causes a base current to flow through the transistor 19. The base current causes the transistor 19 to transition from the inactive state to the active state, and the collector current starts to flow through the transistor 19. Due to the change in the collector current, the electromotive voltage increases more and more, and the transistor 19 rapidly reaches the saturation state as described above.
On the other hand, the transistor 18 rapidly reaches an inactive state.

When the transistor 19 reaches the saturation state, the collector current no longer changes, the electromotive voltage induced in the feedback winding 24 also decreases, the base current decreases, and the transistor 18 returns to the active state.
As the base current decreases, the collector current of the transistor 19 decreases, thereby inducing a reverse electromotive voltage in the feedback winding 24. This electromotive voltage causes a base current to flow through the transistor 18. The base current causes the transistor 18 to transition from the inactive state to the active state, and a collector current starts to flow through the transistor 18 to repeat the above operation.
By repeating such a series of operations, the transistors 18 and 19 oscillate.

Thus, the oscillation voltage obtained by repeating the transistors 18 and 19 between the saturated state and the inactive state depends on the DC bias current. Although initially supplied through the resistor 17, the cathode voltage of the Zener diode 14 gradually rises, and after reaching the Zener voltage, the DC bias current also gradually increases. That is, as the transistors 18 and 19 oscillate and the DC bias current increases, the oscillation output also increases.
Through these series of operations, the electromotive voltage induced in the secondary winding 27 of the transformer 23 is low at the beginning of power-on, and the fluorescent lamp only preheats the filament. However, when the electromotive voltage increases and reaches the discharge voltage, The fluorescent lamp starts to light.

It is necessary to attach a dedicated fluorescent lamp (hereinafter referred to as “inverter-type fluorescent lamp”) to such an inverter type fluorescent lamp fixture. Even if a fluorescent lamp conforming to another lighting method called glow start or rapid start (hereinafter referred to as “glow start type fluorescent lamp” or “rapid start type fluorescent lamp”) is attached, it does not light correctly.
The reason is that the voltage and current amount required for lighting are different. This is unfavorable because it causes confusion for consumers. For this reason, a lamp capable of lighting these three types of fluorescent lamps with a single fluorescent lamp fixture (hereinafter referred to as “lamp-free fluorescent lamp fixture”) has appeared.

FIG. 9 shows a lighting circuit of a lamp-free fluorescent lamp fixture. Compared with FIG. 3, a current measurement circuit 47 for measuring the current flowing through the fluorescent lamp 3 and a control circuit 48 for controlling the voltage generated from the high-frequency voltage generation circuit 2 are added.
As described above, the inverter-type lighting circuit preheats and discharges the filament by gradually increasing the voltage applied to the fluorescent lamp 3.
As shown in FIG. 10, the discharge voltage of the fluorescent lamp varies depending on the glow start type, rapid start type, and inverter type, but the inverter type has the highest discharge voltage. Therefore, if an inverter type lighting circuit is used, all types of fluorescent lamps can be lit.

In the lamp-free type fluorescent lamp fixture, when a current starts to flow through the current measurement circuit 47, that is, when the fluorescent lamp 3 starts to light, a predetermined voltage is supplied from the high-frequency voltage generation circuit 2 according to an instruction from the control circuit 48. The output is applied to the fluorescent lamp 3. Then, the current measuring circuit 47 measures the amount of current flowing through the fluorescent lamp 3 at that time.
In general, the voltage-current characteristics of the fluorescent lamp 3 differ depending on the glow start type, the rapid start type, and the inverter type. Therefore, if the current amount when a predetermined voltage is applied to the fluorescent lamp 3 is measured, the fluorescent lamp 3 Three types can be discriminated.

In the control circuit 48, a current amount (hereinafter referred to as “applicable current amount”) that should flow through the fluorescent lamp 3 is set in advance for each of the glow start type, the rapid start type, and the inverter type. If the measurement result matches one of the compatible current amounts, it is determined that a distinguishable fluorescent lamp is mounted, and the rated voltage and current of the mounted fluorescent lamp (hereinafter referred to as “rated power”). Is supplied to the fluorescent lamp 3.
On the other hand, if it does not match any of the compatible current amounts, it is determined that a foreign object that cannot be determined is attached, and the power supply to the fluorescent lamp 3 is stopped.

To replace the fluorescent lamp of such a lamp-free fluorescent lamp fixture with an LED lamp, remove the fluorescent lamp and install the LED lamp as it is without modifying or modifying the lamp-free fluorescent fixture. And it is preferable from the viewpoint of utilization of existing facilities that it can be lit.
However, existing LED lamps cannot be lit for the following reasons.
FIG. 11 shows a general circuit configuration of the LED lamp. The diodes 29, 30, 31, 32 and the capacitor 33 serve to convert an AC power applied between the terminals E or F and G or H into a pseudo DC power.
Next, the LED driver IC 34 has a role of supplying a constant current to the LED group 35, and keeps the brightness of the LED constant. The LED group 35 includes a plurality of LEDs, and lights up using a pseudo DC voltage supplied from the capacitor 33 and a constant current supplied from the LED driver IC 34 as a power source.

  Thus, since the LED lamp has a different lighting principle from the fluorescent lamp, the voltage-current characteristics of the two do not always match. Therefore, even if you try to turn on the LED lamp using a lamp-free fluorescent lamp fixture, the amount of current flowing through the LED lamp does not match the amount of current that is compatible, so it is determined that the foreign object is indistinguishable. It will be stopped. Therefore, the LED lamp does not light up.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and can be installed and used in place of fluorescent lamps without improving or remodeling existing lamp-free fluorescent lamp fixtures. The main object of the present invention is to provide a solid-state light-emitting element lamp that can eliminate waste and contribute to improvement in versatility.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention described in claim 1 uses the voltage-current characteristics of the fluorescent lamp to determine the type of the fluorescent lamp, and performs voltage control and current control suitable for each type. A solid-state light-emitting element lamp that emits light upon receiving power from a fluorescent lamp apparatus (hereinafter referred to as “lamp-free type fluorescent lamp apparatus”), and controls the voltage-current characteristics of the solid-state light-emitting element lamp When the lamp-free fluorescent lamp apparatus determines the type of the fluorescent lamp, the lamp-free fluorescent lamp apparatus determines within a voltage or current range to be applied to the fluorescent lamp. It has the same voltage-current characteristics as possible types of fluorescent lamps.

The invention according to claim 2 is the solid-state light-emitting element lamp according to claim 1, wherein the voltage-current characteristic of the solid-state light-emitting element lamp is a fluorescent lamp that can be distinguished by the lamp-free fluorescent lamp fixture. The power consumption at the time of lighting is equal to or higher than that of the smallest fluorescent lamp, which is equal to or higher than the power consumed by the solid state light emitting element lamp.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in a lighting device, the solid-state light-emitting element lamp according to the first or second aspect and the lamp-free fluorescent lamp fixture are provided.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a straight tube type LED lamp that can be used in place of a fluorescent lamp without modifying or remodeling the existing lamp-free fluorescent lamp apparatus, and economical waste due to the modification or modification can be realized. It can be eliminated and the versatility of the LED lamp can be improved.

It is a disassembled perspective view of the LED lamp as a solid light emitting element lamp which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a circuit block diagram of the LED lamp. It is a basic block diagram of an inverter type fluorescent lamp fixture. It is a basic circuit diagram of a rectifier circuit. It is a voltage waveform of AC power supply. It is the voltage waveform after rectification. It is a voltage waveform of a pseudo DC power supply. It is a basic circuit diagram of a high frequency voltage generation circuit. It is a basic block diagram of a lamp-free fluorescent lamp fixture. It is the table | surface which showed the discharge voltage of the fluorescent lamp. It is a circuit block diagram of a general LED lamp.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The circuit configuration of the lamp-free fluorescent lamp fixture to which the solid-state light-emitting element lamp of the present invention is attached is the same as that described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 1 shows an example of an LED lamp (hereinafter also simply referred to as “LED”) as a solid state light emitting device lamp according to the present embodiment. The LED lamp according to the present embodiment is a straight tube type LED lamp that can be used as a substitute for a fluorescent lamp without any improvement or modification to the conventional lamp-free fluorescent lamp fixture, and the size is the existing one. This is the same as the glass mercury fluorescent lamp.
The whole is composed of a base 36 and a main body 37. The base 36 is used to introduce power from the lamp-free fluorescent lamp fixture to the LED lamp, and is installed at both ends of the main body 37.

The base 36 includes a terminal pin 38 having the same shape as an existing fluorescent lamp, and the terminal pin 38 has a role of introducing power from the existing fluorescent lamp apparatus and holding the LED lamp in the fluorescent lamp apparatus. The main body 37 emits LEDs and emits the light to the outside. The main body 37 includes a heat dissipating frame 39, a translucent cover 40, a substrate 41, and a substrate 42.
The heat dissipating frame 39 is for releasing heat generated in the main body 37 into the atmosphere, and is made by molding a material having high thermal conductivity such as aluminum. In this embodiment, a half-pipe-like hollow structure is adopted for weight reduction.
The translucent plate cover 40 is for protecting the substrate 41 and the substrate 42, and is made by molding a translucent material such as acrylic resin, glass, or polycarbonate. In this embodiment, it is formed in a half pipe shape, but it may be any shape.

The substrate 41 is for mounting the LED 43 and is disposed inside the hollow main body 37 formed by the heat dissipation frame 39 and the translucent cover 40 and in a direction in which the light emitting surface faces the translucent cover 40. . Since a general LED element emits a large amount of heat during light emission, it is preferable to use a material having high thermal conductivity.
The LED 43 is a solid light emitting element for converting electricity into light. For example, when the illumination device using the LED lamp of this embodiment is used as general illumination, the emission color of the LED 43 is specified in 4.2 “Chromaticity range” of JISZ9112 “Classification by light source color and color rendering of fluorescent lamp” Daylight color, daylight white, white, warm white, and light bulb color are preferred.
The substrate 42 is for mounting a drive circuit of the LED 43, and is disposed inside the housing (main body 37) and at a place where light from the light emitting element is not blocked. In this embodiment, it is installed in the hollow structure of the heat dissipation frame 39.

  In the present embodiment, the circuit shown in FIG. 2 is used, and the LED group 35 is installed on the substrate 41, and the others are installed on the substrate 42. The difference from the circuit shown in FIG. 11 is that a voltage monitoring IC 45 having a memory 44 is added to both ends of the capacitor 33, and the voltage monitoring IC 45 and the LED driver IC 34 are connected via a signal line 46. That is.

The voltage monitoring IC 45 has a function of monitoring the voltage applied to both ends of the capacitor 33, that is, a pseudo DC voltage, and determining the amount of current that flows through the LED group 35. The memory 44 serves to store the current-voltage characteristics of any one of the glow start type, the rapid start type, and the inverter type fluorescent lamp, and can be read out by the voltage monitoring IC 45.
The voltage monitoring IC 45 obtains a current amount corresponding to the current-voltage characteristic stored in the memory 44 from the pseudo DC voltage, and instructs the LED driver IC 34 via the signal line 46. The LED driver IC 34 controls the amount of current flowing through the LED group 35 in accordance with an instruction from the voltage monitoring IC 45.
The LED driver IC 34, the memory 44, and the voltage monitoring IC 45 constitute a control means.

As a result, even when the LED lamp of this embodiment is mounted on a lamp-free fluorescent lamp fixture, it is determined as one of a glow start type, a rapid start type, or an inverter type fluorescent lamp. It becomes possible to receive power supply and lights up.
In the present invention, the current-voltage characteristics of the inverter type fluorescent lamp are stored in the memory 44 for the following reason. A lamp-free fluorescent lamp fixture supplies the rated power according to the type of fluorescent lamp after it has been identified.
Therefore, if it is determined that the fluorescent lamp has a higher rated power than the power consumed when the LED lamp is lit, the LED lamp can be lit reliably. Furthermore, if it is discriminated as the fluorescent lamp having the smallest rated power among them, the power consumption during lighting can be minimized.
In general, an LED lamp used in place of a fluorescent lamp consumes less power than any of a glow start type, a rapid start type, and an inverter type fluorescent lamp. Therefore, it is preferable to determine that the rated power is the lowest “inverter type fluorescent lamp” among fluorescent lamps.

Further, in the case where the compatible current amount set in the control circuit 48 of FIG. 9 is known in advance, FIG. 2 may be simplified as follows.
First, the memory 44, the voltage monitoring IC 45, and the signal line 46 are unnecessary, and the circuit configuration is the same as that shown in FIG.
Instead, the LED driver IC 34 performs control such that the constant current supplied to the LED group 35 is equal to the compatible current amount of the inverter type fluorescent lamp.
As a result, the lamp-free fluorescent lamp fixture has the current-voltage characteristics of the inverter type fluorescent lamp only with respect to the voltage applied to discriminate the type of fluorescent lamp, and the same effect can be obtained. In this case, the LED driver IC 34 serves as a control means.
Although not shown, the illuminating device according to the present invention includes, for example, a conventional lamp-free fluorescent lamp apparatus having the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 9 and the LED lamp according to the above embodiment.

44 Memory as part of control means 45 Voltage monitoring IC as part of control means
34 LED driver IC as control means
3 fluorescent lamps

JP 2010-238661 A

Claims (3)

Fluorescent lamp fixtures that discriminate the types of fluorescent lamps using voltage-current characteristics of fluorescent lamps and perform voltage control and current control suitable for each type (hereinafter referred to as “lamp-free fluorescent lamp fixtures”) ) A solid state light emitting element lamp that emits light upon receiving power supply from
The solid-state light-emitting element lamp includes control means for controlling its voltage-current characteristics, and the voltage or current applied to the fluorescent lamp when the lamp-free fluorescent lamp fixture determines the type of the fluorescent lamp. The solid-state light-emitting element lamp is characterized in that the lamp-free fluorescent lamp fixture has a voltage-current characteristic equal to that of a distinguishable fluorescent lamp. The solid state light emitting device lamp according to claim 1.
The voltage-current characteristic of the solid-state light-emitting element lamp is such that, among the fluorescent lamps that can be discriminated by the lamp-free fluorescent lamp fixture, the power consumption during lighting is equal to or higher than the power consumed when the solid-state light-emitting element lamp is lit. A solid state light emitting element lamp characterized by being equal to that of the smallest fluorescent lamp.   An illumination device comprising the solid-state light emitting element lamp according to claim 1 and the lamp-free fluorescent lamp fixture.

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