JP2012131754A - Antithrombotic agent - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a natural extract having antithrombotic effect, and a medicine, quasi drug or food containing the same, which can prevent and improve thrombosis or reduction in blood circulation due to a thrombus.SOLUTION: Extracts of marigold, passion vine, eyebright and balsam apple have excellent antithrombotic effects. A Ganoderma extract is used in combination therewith, whereby a synergistic effect is obtained. The food, quasi drug or medicine containing such an extract has antithrombotic effect, and is effective not only for improvement of thrombosis but also for prevention and improvement of symptomatic states involving thrombus such as arteriosclerosis, dullness of skin, dementia, shoulder stiffness, and headache.

Description

  The present invention relates to a novel component having an antithrombotic action, and examples of the component include marigold, passion flower, eyebright and bitter gourd extracts.

Platelets are a very important factor in thrombus formation. That is, thrombus formation is said to be due to intravascular damage and the like, and arachidonic acid or the like increases platelet aggregation ability, leading to thrombus formation. When a large amount of thrombus is formed, the blood flow from the site of formation becomes extremely bad, causing serious damage to the tissue and causing thrombosis.
For example, when a thrombus is formed in the blood vessels of the heart or brain, it causes myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction, and brings danger to life. Even if it is not a severe thrombus, if the amount of thrombus increases from the normal state, arteriosclerosis, dementia, abnormal blood pressure, dizziness, stiff shoulders, headache, low back pain, joint pain, blurred vision, insomnia, palpitation, shortness of breath, Causes symptoms such as arrhythmia. It also causes other symptoms such as dull skin and dark spots that can be caused by worsening blood flow.

  Therefore, it is effective to suppress platelet aggregation in order to prevent thrombus formation and treat various diseases caused by thrombus.

  As conventional thrombosis therapeutic agents, acetylsalicylic acid, panaldine and the like are used. Recently, there is a tendency to desire a medicinal effect on natural products, and various studies have been made, but a safer and more effective one is desired. The marigold, passion flower, eyebright and bitter gourd extracts used in the present invention have never been reported to have an antithrombotic effect, and there has been no report of synergistic effects with ganoderma extract.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an antithrombotic agent that can prevent or ameliorate blood circulation deterioration due to thrombosis or thrombus.

  Under these circumstances, as a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found an excellent antithrombotic action for marigold, passion flower, i-bright and bitter gourd extracts from various plant extracts, and furthermore, spirits. It was discovered that an effect can be obtained synergistically when used in combination with a turf extract, and the present invention has been completed.

Marigolds used in the present invention (Tagetes Patura, etc.) belong to the Asteraceae family and Mexico is the origin. A flower extract is preferred, and further, a carotenoid pigment, lutein, containing 20% or more of the marigold extract is preferred. Lutein is abundant in green and yellow vegetables such as spinach and is known to have a strong antioxidant effect.
Lutein is mainly present in the lens and macular region, and the effect of preventing and improving macular degeneration has been confirmed by many clinical trials.

  Passion flower (Passiflora incarnatata L.) used in the present invention belongs to Passifloraceae, is native to southern Brazil, and is cultivated in the tropics. Whole grass is used as herbal tea, and the ingredients include flavonoids, alkaloids and the like.

  Ibrite (Euprasia officinalis) used in the present invention belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae and is cultivated in Europe and Japan. Whole grass is used as herbal tea. In the present invention, it is preferable to use leaves that are easily available because they are generally distributed.

  The bitter gourd (Momorodica charatia L.) used in the present invention is a summer vegetable native to tropical Asia, and is cultivated widely especially in Okinawa Prefecture and has been eaten for the prevention of summer batter since ancient times. Fruit juice is preferred. Recently, bitter gourd has also been shown to have a hypoglycemic effect (Patent Document 1), and since it is rich in vitamin C, it has attracted attention as a healthy food, and its consumption is increasing.

Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-303856

  The reishi used in the present invention includes red ganoderma and black ganoderma, and is a basidiomycete used in the herbal medicine "Reishi", belongs to the family Ganodermaaceae, Ganoderma, and the scientific name is , Red ganoderma (Akashiba, scientific name: Ganoderma lucidum), black ganoderma (Kuroshiba, scientific name: G. japonicum, G. sinense, G. atrum). As for mushrooms belonging to the genus Amanita, there are black reishi (black turf), red ganoderma (red turf), purple ganoderma (purple turf) in Chinese pharmacy old books, “Honcho Tuname” and “Shinomoto Honsotsu”. ), Green ganoderma (green turf), yellow ganoderma (yellow turf), and white ganoderma (white turf). Red ganoderma and black ganoderma can be used widely distributed in the Chinese and Japanese markets, or native or cultivated products may be used.

  Red ganoderma is commonly used as a representative of Mannentake and has an antithrombotic effect (Patent Document 2). In addition, there is a report on the antithrombotic effect of Black Ganoderma (Patent Document 3).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-112331 Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-400191

  Examples of the method for extracting marigold, passion flower, i-bright and bitter gourd plants include a method of finely cutting the plant and adding a solvent for extraction. The extraction may be performed at room temperature or may be heated. The extract may be used as it is, or may be used after concentration, dilution and filtration treatment, decolorization with activated carbon, deodorization treatment, or the like, if necessary. Furthermore, the extracted solution may be subjected to a treatment such as concentration to dryness, spray drying, freeze drying, etc., and used as a dried product. Reishi can also be extracted in the same way.

  Examples of the solvent to be extracted include water, lower alcohols (methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, etc.), liquid polyhydric alcohols (1,3-butylene glycol, propylene glycol). ), Ketones (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, etc.), acetonitrile, esters (ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, etc.), hydrocarbons (hexane, heptane, petroleum ether, etc.), ethers (ethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, propyl ether, etc.) Etc.). These solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  In the antithrombotic agent of the present invention, the above extract may be used as it is, and a diluent may be used within a range not impairing the effect of the extract. The diluent may be a solid, liquid, or semi-solid, and examples include the following. That is, excipients, extenders, binders, wetting agents, disintegrants, surfactants, lubricants, dispersants, buffers, fragrances, preservatives, solubilizers, solvents, and the like. Specifically, lactose, sucrose, sorbit, mannitol, starch, precipitated calcium carbonate, heavy magnesium oxide, talc, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, cellulose or derivatives thereof, amylopectin, polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, water, Examples thereof include physiological saline, ethanol, glycerin, propylene glycol, cocoa butter, lauric fat, petrolatum, paraffin, and higher alcohol.

  The antithrombotic agent of the present invention can be used for any of foods, quasi drugs, and pharmaceuticals. Examples of the dosage form include powders, granules, tablets, dragees, capsules, and syrups for oral use. Agents, pills, suspensions, solutions, emulsions and the like. It can be an injection solution for parenteral use. It can also be a suppository.

  The intake of the antithrombotic agent used in the present invention varies depending on the administration form, purpose of use, age, body weight, etc., but the total solid content of each extract is 0.1 to 5,000 mg / day, preferably 1 to It can be administered orally once to several times a day in the range of 500 mg / day. Of course, as described above, since the administration method and dosage vary depending on various conditions, an amount smaller than the above-mentioned administration range may be sufficient, or it may be necessary to administer beyond the range. In addition, the method for adding medicinal ingredients in the formulation may be added in advance or during production, and may be appropriately selected in consideration of workability.

  The antithrombotic agent of the present invention comprises marigold, passion flower, ibrite and bitter gourd extracts as active ingredients and has an excellent antithrombotic action, and not only improves thrombosis but also arteries in which thrombus is involved. It is effective in preventing and improving symptoms such as hardening, dull skin, dementia, stiff shoulders, and headache. In addition, a more excellent effect can be obtained by using a reishi extract together.

  Next, in order to describe the present invention in detail, production examples and experimental examples are given as examples of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Production Example 1 Marigold Extract 1 L of ethanol was added to 100 g of marigold flower, extracted for 7 days at room temperature, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated and freeze-dried to obtain 1.8 g of marigold extract. (Lutein content: 20%)

Manufacture example 2 Passion flower extract 1 kg of purified water and 1 kg of ethanol were added to 100 g of the dried portion of passion flower, extracted after 3 days at room temperature, filtered, the filtrate was concentrated, freeze-dried and passion flower. 2.1 g of extract was obtained.

Production Example 3 Ibright extract 1.6 g of purified water and 0.4 kg of ethanol were added to 100 g of dried Ibright (above ground), extracted at room temperature for 3 days, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated and lyophilized. As a result, 1.4 g of an eyebright extract was obtained.

Manufacture example 4 A bitter melon extract 2 kg of fresh bitter melon fruits were pressed and extracted with a French press to obtain 1.4 L of juice (squeezing rate 70%). By lyophilizing 350 mL of the juice, 9.9 g of bitter gourd extract was obtained.

Production Example 5 Red Ganoderma Extract 2 L of purified water is added to 100 g of dried red ganoderma fruit bodies, extracted at 95-100 ° C. for 2 hours, filtered, the filtrate is concentrated, freeze-dried and red spirit 6.0 g of turf extract was obtained.

Production Example 6 Black Ganoderma lucidum extract 20 kg of ethanol was added to 1.5 kg of dried ganoderma fruit body, extracted at room temperature for 7 days, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated to dryness. Of 9.0 g was obtained.

Platelet aggregation inhibitory literature (Yoshihito Kaku, Tsutomu Shike, Yoko Hayasaki, Naoshi Matsubara, Kiyohisa Uchida, Yoshiharu Honma, Hiroshi Kawakaku, Yoshio Takeuchi, Japanese Pharmacology Journal, Vol. 95, 335-346, 1990, Born, G V. R., Nature, Vol. 194, 927-929, 1962).
Under ether anesthesia, blood was collected from the heart of a rat at a ratio of 9 volumes to 1 volume of 3.8% sodium citrate, centrifuged at 1,000 rpm for 15 minutes at room temperature, and the supernatant was collected to obtain platelet-rich plasma (Platelet-Rich). Plasma: PRP). The remaining blood was centrifuged at room temperature at 3,000 rpm for 15 minutes to obtain platelet-poor plasma (PPP), and a mixture of equal amounts of PRP and PPP (referred to as solution A) was used in the test.
The platelet aggregation reaction was measured using a platelet aggregometer (NBS HEMA TRACER 601, Nikko Bioscience) according to the Born method. That is, 20 microliters of the test sample solution was added to 180 microliters of solution A, and after stirring for 1 minute at 37 ° C. (1,000 rpm), 22 microliters of platelet aggregation-inducing substance (ADP) was added, resulting from platelet aggregation. The change in translucency was recorded over time. As for the platelet aggregation rate, the light transmittances of PRP and PPP were 0% and 100%, respectively, and the maximum light transmittance after addition of the flocculant was the maximum aggregation rate. The platelet aggregation inhibition rate was calculated by the following formula.
Platelet aggregation inhibition rate (%) = {1− (maximum light transmittance after addition of flocculant) / (maximum light transmittance before addition of flocculant)} × 100

The platelet aggregation inhibitory effect of the combined use of marigold, passion flower, eyebright or bitter gourd extract and red ganoderma or black ganoderma extract was calculated by the following formula.
Combined effect (times) = (Platelet aggregation inhibition rate by using a combination of marigold, passion flower, eyebright, bitter gourd extract and red ganoderma or black ganoderma extract) / {(marigold, passion Inhibition rate of platelet aggregation by one extract of flower, eyebright and bitter gourd extract) + (Inhibition rate of platelet aggregation by extract of red ganoderma or black reishi)}

  The results of these experiments are shown in Tables 1 and 2. As a result, all of the extracts of marigold, passion flower, eyebright and bitter gourd, which are antithrombotic agents of the present invention, exhibited a concentration-dependent platelet aggregation inhibitory action. Furthermore, the combined use with the extract of red ganoderma or black ganoderma showed a synergistic effect of inhibiting platelet aggregation as compared with the effect by itself.

The antithrombotic agent of the present invention can be formulated as a formulation example as follows. These preparations are effective not only for the improvement of thrombosis but also for the prevention and improvement of symptoms such as arteriosclerosis, dull skin, dementia, stiff shoulders, and headaches involving thrombus.

Formulation Example 1 Powder Formulation Amount (parts)
1. Marigold extract (Production Example 1) 10
2. Passion flower extract (Production Example 2) 10
3. Dried corn starch 20
4). Microcrystalline cellulose 60
[Manufacturing method] Components 1 to 4 are mixed to obtain a powder.

Formulation Example 2 Tablet formulation Formulation amount (parts)
1. Eyebright extract (Production Example 3) 4
2. Bittern fruit juice powder (Production Example 4) 8
3. Dried corn starch 25
4). Carboxymethylcellulose calcium 20
5. Microcrystalline cellulose 33
6). Polyvinylpyrrolidone 7
7). Talc 3
[Production Method] Components 1 to 5 are mixed, and then an aqueous solution of Component 6 is added as a binder to form granules. Ingredient 7 is added to the formed granules and tableted. One tablet is 0.52 g.

Formulation Example 4 Beverage Formulation Amount (parts)
1. Marigold extract (Production Example 1) 0.1
2. Black Reishi Extract (Production Example 6) 0.2
3. Ethanol 2
4). Stevia 0.05
5. Malic acid 5
6). Fragrance 0.1
7). Purified water 92.55
[Production Method] Components 1, 2, and 3 are mixed. Components 4, 5, 6 and 7 are then added and mixed.

  Marigold, passion flower, i-bright and bitter gourd extracts have a high antithrombotic action, so they can be used in foods, quasi-drugs or pharmaceuticals to prevent or improve thrombosis, and arteries involving thrombus. It is effective for prevention and improvement of hardening, dull skin, dementia, abnormal blood pressure, dizziness, stiff shoulders, headache, low back pain and joint pain.

Claims (4)

  An antithrombotic agent comprising one or more extracts selected from marigold, passion flower, eyebright and bitter gourd.   The antithrombotic agent according to claim 1, comprising an extract of ganoderma.   A pharmaceutical, quasi-drug or food for the purpose of prevention or improvement of thrombosis comprising the antithrombotic agent according to any one of claims 1 and 2 as an active ingredient.   3. Prevention of arteriosclerosis, skin dullness, dementia, abnormal blood pressure, dizziness, stiff shoulders, headache, low back pain, joint pain in which the antithrombotic agent according to any one of claims 1 and 2 is contained as an active ingredient. Drugs, quasi drugs or foods for the purpose of improvement.