JP2012198203A - Vibration energy conversion power generation system using rotor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a highly efficient vibration energy conversion power generation system.SOLUTION: A vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism of the present invention includes: a vibration harvesting mechanism for converting vibration energy into rotational energy; a one-way rotation alignment mechanism for aligning the rotational energy to one-way rotational power; a latch mechanism for preventing reverse rotation; a first variable speed mechanism for decelerating a rotational speed by aligned rotation power; a power storing mechanism for storing converted rotational power as rotational energy through the first variable speed mechanism; a second variable speed mechanism for accelerating rotational speed by rotational energy stored in the power storing mechanism; and a power generation mechanism for generating power from the rotational speed accelerated by the second variable speed mechanism. The vibration harvesting mechanism has a mechanism which includes a rotor for receiving vibration to rotate around a center shaft part, a universal joint connected to the center shaft part of the rotor and an output shaft of the universal joint, the universal joint of which rotates with respect to power in an output shaft direction, and has a mechanism which is used to rotate the rotor.

Description

The present invention relates to a vibration energy conversion power generation system that efficiently converts vibration energy into electrical energy via mechanical energy, and more particularly to a vibration energy conversion / transmission device and a portable device using the vibration energy conversion power transmission system.

Humans are always pursuing ways to obtain information while performing daily activities. For example, various portable devices such as wristwatches, mobile phones, portable radios, portable small cameras, and portable radios are worn. Since the power source of these portable devices is electric energy, these wearable devices are usually equipped with small batteries such as dry batteries or storage batteries. The problem of running out of energy (battery running out) occurs during use. However, since humans are always active, wearable devices operate semi-permanently without replenishment of batteries or the like if energy can be extracted from human movements as electrical energy.

Vibration energy is the most common and familiar energy of human kinetic energy. The method of converting vibration energy into rotational energy has been used for a long time in, for example, self-winding watches. In recent years, various methods for converting this into electric energy have been proposed. For example, Patent Document 1 is provided in a portable device such as a wristwatch, and a rotor rotates in response to vibrations when being carried, takes out the rotation of the rotor from the output shaft, rotates a magnet connected to the output shaft, It is disclosed to store (accumulate) a current generated by a power generation coil provided in a stator. In Patent Document 1, the connection between the rotor and the output shaft is such that the output shaft is coaxially fixed to the rotation shaft of the rotor.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-257961

However, in the technique of Patent Document 1, when the vibration is in the direction of the rotational surface of the rotor (XZ direction), the output shaft can effectively extract vibration energy, but the rotational surface of the rotor (XZ direction). The vibration component of the component orthogonal to () (Y direction) is a force in the axial direction of the output shaft, and therefore has a disadvantage that it cannot contribute to the rotation of the output shaft. Further, the vibration component in the Y direction gives a force for pressing the output shaft in the axial direction, and there is a disadvantage that the rotation of the output shaft is hindered. On the other hand, the vibration received by the mobile device is not limited to two-dimensional in the XZ direction, but is subjected to vibration in the three-dimensional direction including the Y direction. There was a problem that the energy storage efficiency was low because it could not contribute.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a new system that converts vibration energy based on human activity into rotational energy and further generates electric power as electric energy. The object is to provide a power storage device and a portable device that can increase the energy storage efficiency of storing energy, and has the following characteristics.
(1) The present invention provides a vibration harvesting mechanism that converts vibration energy into rotational energy, a one-way rotational alignment mechanism that aligns rotational energy into a rotational force in one direction, and (optionally, a latch mechanism that prevents reverse rotation in the rotational direction. ), A first speed change mechanism that decelerates the rotational speed by the aligned rotational force, a power storage mechanism that stores the converted rotational force as rotational energy through the first speed change mechanism, and a rotation by the rotational energy stored in the power storage mechanism A vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism including a second speed change mechanism for increasing a speed and a power generation mechanism for generating power from a rotational speed increased by the second speed change mechanism.

(2) In addition to the above, the present invention is characterized in that the latch mechanism uses a rotating disk body using fine hairs having orientation on the side surface, and the first transmission mechanism is a manual winding mechanism. Further, the reduction ratio in the first transmission mechanism is 1/5 and / or the speed increase ratio in the second transmission mechanism is 5.
(3) In addition to the above, the present invention further includes a transmission control mechanism added to the second transmission mechanism, and a mechanism for detecting that the mainspring is completely wound up and releasing the mainspring by itself. And / or the vibration conversion power generation mechanism includes a charge / discharge control circuit.
(4) In addition to the above, in the present invention, the mainspring can be intermittently released by the shift control mechanism while monitoring the charge / discharge status in the charge / discharge control circuit, and further, the first shift mechanism and / or the second shift mechanism can be released. The speed change mechanism is characterized in that a rotating disk body using fine hairs having orientation on the side surface is used.

(5) In addition to the above, the present invention is independently or independently connected to a rotor that rotates around the central shaft portion under vibration, a universal joint that is connected to the central shaft portion of the rotor, and an output shaft of the universal joint. The universal joint has a rotor side shaft whose axes intersect each other with respect to its output shaft, and the rotation of the rotor side shaft rotates the output shaft to transmit the kinetic energy of the rotor to the energy storage portion. This is a vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism.
(6) In addition to the above, in the present invention, the rotor has a hole formed in the central shaft portion, and the universal joint is disposed in the hole in the central shaft portion of the rotor. And a rotor side shaft having one and other shaft portions projecting from the sphere through the center of the sphere, the rotor side shaft having one and the other rotor side. The shaft portion is attached to the central shaft portion of the rotor in the in-plane direction of the rotating surface of the rotor.

(7) In addition to the above, according to the present invention, the rotor can rotate in the vertical in-plane direction with respect to the force in the vertical axis direction with respect to the output axis direction of the universal joint, and the force in the output axis direction of the universal joint On the other hand, the rotor is integral with the universal joint and can rotate in the output shaft direction, and the rotor can also rotate in the direction of the output shaft direction and the vertical plane.
(8) In addition to the above, according to the present invention, the rotor has a collapsible structure in which a collapsible portion exists between the bearing frame portion and the rotor weight portion of the rotor. On the other hand, the rotor weight side of the rotor can rotate around the tiltable part, and when it receives force in the output shaft direction of the universal joint, it rotates in the direction perpendicular to the rotor output shaft direction by the tiltable structure. It is possible to reduce the effect of suppressing the above.
(9) In addition to the above, according to the present invention, a limiting mechanism for restricting the operation of the rotor weight portion of the rotor against the force in the output shaft direction of the universal joint is provided on both outer sides of the rotor weight portion of the rotor in the output shaft direction. Or the outer circumference of the rotor weight portion of the rotor is formed in a substantially U shape, and the operation of the rotor weight portion of the rotor is limited to the U-shaped space against the force in the output shaft direction of the universal joint. A limiting mechanism is provided.

(10) In addition to the above, the present invention is provided with a bearing in the limiting mechanism, and when the rotor operates with respect to the force in the output shaft direction of the universal joint, the rotor weight hits the bearing and the bearing rotates, Is rotated in an in-plane direction perpendicular to the output shaft direction of the rotor.
(11) According to the present invention, in addition to the above, the energy storage unit includes a mainspring that is wound by rotation of the output shaft of the universal joint, a rotation frame that rotates when the mainspring is opened, and a magnet that is fixed to the rotation frame. And a coil facing the magnet and a power storage unit for storing a current generated in the coil.
(12) The present invention is a portable device including the vibration conversion power generation mechanism described above, wherein the rotor rotates in response to vibration when being carried. The portable device refers to, for example, a wristwatch, a mobile phone, a mobile terminal, a recorder, a music player, an electronic book, a game device, a portable personal computer, and the like.

The vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism of the present invention is a vibration energy conversion power generation system that converts vibration energy, which is one of human movements, into rotational energy, and further converts the rotational energy into electrical energy. Even small vibrations are efficiently converted into rotational energy. Furthermore, since the rotational energy is stored and converted to electrical energy, sufficient power generation can be achieved even when the rotational energy is small, vibration energy can be efficiently converted to rotational energy, and stable power generation is possible. The quantity can be obtained. Further, even when the rotational energy is small, the first speed change mechanism can reduce the rotational speed, wind up a normal spring, accumulate the power (accumulated power), and generate electric power using the power. That is, it is possible to generate electric power at a sufficient rotational speed by winding up the mainspring with a small torque and securing a sufficient amount of torque in the power storage mechanism and then increasing the speed with the second transmission mechanism. By attaching a one-way rotational alignment mechanism to the vibration harvesting mechanism, two-way rotation by reciprocating motion of vibration can also be used, so that power generation efficiency can be further improved. Furthermore, since a latch mechanism for preventing reverse rotation is provided, there is little energy conversion loss. Further, the system can be miniaturized by using fine hair having orientation in the latch mechanism.

Furthermore, since the rotor is connected to the output shaft by a universal joint, the vibration component in the Y direction is not limited to the rotor rotation surface (XZ direction), and the rotor vibrates in the axial direction of the output shaft. It is possible to prevent the rotation from being inhibited by the acting Y-direction force. Further, when the rotor shaken by the force in the Y direction returns, the universal joint rotates, so that a part of the force when the rotor returns can be extracted as the force of the XZ component. That is, since the three-dimensional vibration energy can be converted into the rotational force of the output shaft and stored in the energy storage unit, the power storage efficiency can be increased. Further, since the universal joint is inserted and attached in a hole formed in the central shaft portion of the rotor, the size of the universal joint protruding from the rotor can be reduced, and the apparatus can be downsized. Furthermore, since the universal joint has one side passing through the center of the sphere and the other rotor side shaft attached to the hole of the central shaft of the rotor, the rotor side shaft can be accommodated in the rotor, and the rotor side shaft projects from the rotor. Therefore, the size of the apparatus can be reduced also in this respect.

Furthermore, since the rotor has a retractable structure, it is possible to further prevent the rotation from being hindered by the Y-direction force acting on the output shaft. Further, since the limiting mechanism for limiting the operation in the Y direction of the rotor weight portion of the rotor is provided, damage to the rotor weight portion and damage to other devices can be reduced. In addition, since this limiting mechanism is accompanied by a bearing that moves in the Y direction, the force component in the Y direction can be converted into a rotor rotational force in the XZ direction. The energy storage unit can store vibration energy as electric power with a simple configuration.
Furthermore, since the portable device provided with the vibration conversion power generation mechanism of the present invention has a power generation system with high vibration energy conversion efficiency, it can be carried with a long life with little energy replenishment.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a system configuration of a vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the energy storage device according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 3A and 3B are plan views showing the configuration of the mainspring portion, in which FIG. 3A shows the action at the time of release, and FIG. 3B shows the action at the time of power storage. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state where a universal joint is connected to the rotor. FIG. 5 is a view showing the operation in the present embodiment, and is a side view showing portions of the rotor and the universal joint. FIG. 6 is a side view showing the universal joint. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the universal joint. FIG. 8 is a transverse cross-sectional view showing a joint portion between the sphere of the universal joint and the rotor. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the Y-direction movement (rotation) limiting mechanism of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating another embodiment of a Y-direction movement (rotation) limiting mechanism that suppresses the Y-direction movement (rotation) of the rotor. FIG. 11 is a view showing a rotor having a retractable structure according to the present invention. FIG. 12 is a graph showing frequency characteristics of the pendulum structure. FIG. 13 is a diagram comparing energy generation amounts due to differences in pendulum (rotor) structures. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a system having both a retractable rotary weight (rotor), a (Y direction) universal joint, and a Y direction movement (rotation) limiting mechanism. FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of the one-way rotation alignment mechanism. FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of a latch mechanism. FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing a rotation latch mechanism using fine hairs. FIG. 18 is a diagram showing another embodiment of a rotating body with a latch mechanism in which reverse rotation is regulated using fine hairs. FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which the vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism of the present invention is applied to a wristwatch. FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a vibration spectrum and a power spectrum received when the human body is moving. FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram showing the state of the S-shaped mainspring at the time of (a) release and (b) power storage. FIG. 22 is a graph showing the relationship between the torque and the amount of accumulated power of the S-shaped mainspring and the normal mainspring.

The present invention relates to a vibration energy conversion power generation system that converts vibration into rotational energy and further converts the rotational energy into electric energy. Further, the present invention relates to a mechanism for efficiently converting to rotational energy by minimizing vibration energy loss.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a system configuration of a vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism. The basis of the present invention is to convert vibration energy derived from the movement of the human body into mechanical energy (especially rotational energy) and further into electrical energy. As shown in the block diagram of FIG. It comprises a vibration harvesting mechanism 111 that converts to mechanical energy (power, mechanical energy, or rotational energy) and a power generation mechanism 116 that generates power using the power converted by the vibration harvesting mechanism 111. The vibration harvesting mechanism 111 is a system that converts the vibration into a form that can be efficiently used as a power, for example, a mechanism that extracts the vibration of the movement of the human arm as the pendulum vibration of a rotary weight used in an automatic wristwatch or the like. Although the movement of the human arm is a three-dimensional movement, the present invention efficiently converts this three-dimensional movement as a pendulum vibration of a rotating weight.

The force obtained by the vibration harvesting mechanism 111 is decelerated by the first speed change mechanism through the one-way rotation alignment mechanism 112 and transferred to the force accumulation mechanism 114 for accumulation. Since the vibration has periodicity (for example, the pendulum vibration is a reciprocating motion, there are two directions of movement). If the vibration is extracted as it is and transmitted to the first speed change mechanism, the rotational direction becomes two and the energy loss is large. . Therefore, a mechanism for aligning the force obtained by the vibration harvesting mechanism 111 in one direction is required. The system is a one-way rotational alignment mechanism 112. There are various conventional methods for the one-way rotational alignment mechanism 112, and in the present invention, these methods can be appropriately selected and employed. For example, a switching vehicle system, a magic lever system, and a pellaton system that are employed in an automatic winding mechanism of a wristwatch can be applied.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of the one-way rotation alignment mechanism. Switching wheels 408 and 409 and ratchet wheels 413 and 423 are used as the one-way rotational alignment mechanism. The rotation due to the pendulum vibration of the vibration harvesting mechanism 111 is transmitted to the switching wheels 408 and 409 in synchronization with the switching kana 414 and 424. Each of the switching wheels 408 and 409 includes ratchet wheels 413 and 423 integrated with switching wheels 414 and 424. For example, the gear of the switching vehicle 408 and the gear 411 of the first transmission mechanism 410 are meshed so that the rotation of the switching vehicle 408 is transmitted to the first transmission mechanism 410. The switching gears 412 and 422 constituting the switching wheels 408 and 409 press the one end of the switching pawls 415 and 425 and the switching pawls 415 and 425 and the other end against the tooth surface of the ratchet wheels 413 and 423. Urging springs 416 and 426 are provided. The switching pawls 415 and 425 are fixed to the switching gears 412 and 422 by fixing pins 417 and 427, respectively. The biasing springs 416 and 426 are also fixed to the switching gears 412 and 422 by fixing pins 429 and 430, respectively. These ratchet wheels 413 and 423 have their rotation restricting directions (reverse rotation preventing directions) opposite to each other, and the rotation of the vibration harvesting mechanism 111 due to pendulum vibrations is in any direction (only one direction and the opposite direction). 1), the first speed change mechanism 410 always rotates in one direction.

For example, in FIG. 15, when the ratchet wheel 413 rotates counterclockwise via the switching pinion 414 in the switching wheel 408 due to one-way vibration (rotation) of the pendulum vibration of the vibration harvesting mechanism 111, the ratchet wheel 413 is switched to the switching pawl 415. , The rotation of the ratchet wheel 413 is not transmitted to the switching gear 412. On the other hand, when the ratchet wheel 423 rotates counterclockwise through the switching pinion 424 in the switching wheel 409 due to the vibration in the other direction (reverse direction) of the pendulum vibration of the vibration harvesting mechanism 111, the regulation direction of the ratchet wheel 423 changes to the switching wheel. Since the ratchet wheel 423 is locked by the switching pawl 425 because it is different from 408, the switching gear 422 also rotates counterclockwise (R8 direction) in synchronization with the ratchet wheel 423. This rotation is transmitted to the switching gear 412 on the switching wheel 408 side (the switching gear 412 and the switching gear 422 are meshed with each other, for example), and the switching gear 412 rotates in the clockwise direction (R7 direction). Rotates the gear 411 of the first speed change mechanism 410 counterclockwise (R9 direction).

Next, when the ratchet wheel 413 rotates clockwise via the switching pinion 414 in the switching wheel 408 due to the reverse vibration (reverse rotation) of the pendulum vibration of the vibration harvesting mechanism 111, the ratchet wheel 413 is locked by the switching pawl 415. Therefore, according to the rotation of the ratchet wheel 413, the switching gear 412 also rotates clockwise (R7 direction). The rotation of the switching gear 412 causes the gear 411 of the first transmission mechanism 410 to rotate counterclockwise (R direction 9). On the other hand, when the ratchet wheel 423 rotates clockwise through the switching pinion 424 in the switching wheel 409 due to the reverse rotation of the vibration harvesting mechanism, the ratchet wheel 423 switches because the regulation direction of the ratchet wheel 423 differs from the switching wheel 408. Since it is not locked by the pawl 425, the rotation of the ratchet wheel 423 is not transmitted to the switching gear 422. As described above, no matter how the vibration harvesting mechanism 111 rotates, the gear 411 of the first transmission mechanism 410 rotates only in a certain direction {counterclockwise direction (R9 direction in FIG. 15)}.

Further, the mechanism 112 is provided with a latch mechanism for preventing reverse rotation. For example, when the mainspring is wound up, a force to rewind with its restoring force also works, and when it is rewound, energy is greatly lost. A mechanism for preventing this is a latch mechanism. That is, the latch mechanism is a mechanism that rotates only in one direction and is locked at each rotation to prevent reverse rotation. For example, there are a ratchet mechanism and a dovo mechanism that are composed of a pawl wheel and a pawl.

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of a latch mechanism. In a pinion wheel 512 incorporating a spring (spiral spring) 511, one end outside the spring 511 is fixed to the inner surface of the pinion wheel 512, and the other end (spring center) of the spring is fixed to the support shaft 513. The ratchet wheel 512 has a ratchet-like gear, and a pawl 514 (of a latch mechanism) that is rotatably fixed to the support base by a fixing pin 513 can be fitted to the ratchet teeth of the pawl wheel 512. When the mainspring 511 is wound around the inner surface of the pawl wheel 512 (for example, when the mainspring 511 is wound by rotating the pinwheel in the direction of arrow R6 in FIG. 16), the pawl wheel 512 is moved in the direction opposite to the arrow R6 by its restoring force. However, since the pawl 514 of the latch mechanism is locked to the teeth of the pawl wheel 512, rotation in the reverse direction is suppressed. That is, since the reverse rotation of the mainspring 511 is restricted, the rotational force can be accumulated (accumulated) in the mainspring. When sufficient accumulation is performed, the mainspring 511 can release the force at once by removing the pawl 514 from the teeth of the pawl wheel 512 (release of the latch mechanism). The spring 511 may be considered as an energy form in which the vibration energy of the vibration harvesting mechanism is accumulated as rotational energy, and the rotational force of the released spring may be decelerated using the first transmission mechanism. If there are two rotation directions, a one-way rotation alignment mechanism may be combined with such a latch mechanism. Even in the case of a spring such as an S-shaped spring, there are two rotational directions, so this one-way rotational alignment mechanism can be used. In addition, since the torque can be made constant (flat torque) by using the S-shaped spring, the force for winding up the S-shaped spring and the force for releasing the S-shaped spring can be made almost constant, and the power generation capacity can be kept constant. There are advantages.

The latch mechanism shown in FIG. 16 is an example of a ratchet mechanism, but other means may be used. For example, it is possible to prevent reverse rotation by providing a stopper, and reverse rotation can be achieved by removing the stopper (latching mechanism release). The latch mechanism can also be used for the power storage mechanism of the present invention. For example, the spring used in the power storage mechanism may be considered to be the spring (spiral spring) 511 shown in FIG.

The vibration energy of the vibration harvesting mechanism 111 is converted into rotational energy through the one-way rotational alignment mechanism 112 and is decelerated by the gear train (gear) of the first transmission mechanism 113. The torque of the power storage mechanism 114 is wound up by increasing the torque force by the deceleration of the first transmission mechanism 113. The first speed change mechanism 113 is a gear train mechanism composed of a plurality of gears, and the gear ratio of the gear train mechanism can be adjusted so that the spring of the power storage mechanism 114 can be efficiently wound up. Further, a mechanism for effectively eliminating the spring overcharge of the power storage mechanism 114 may be attached. Furthermore, a control mechanism (for example, an IC with a sensor) that controls transmission of the force of the vibration harvesting mechanism 111, adjustment of the gear ratio of the first transmission mechanism, overcharge, and the like may be provided. In addition, when the power of the vibration harvesting mechanism 11 is insufficient or when it is necessary to generate power urgently, the manual manual winding mechanism 117 is installed in the first transmission mechanism 113 or the accumulator so that the mainspring can be rotated by itself. The force mechanism 114 may be provided. The method of the manual manual winding mechanism 117 can also adopt a conventional method used in a manual wristwatch or the like.

The mainspring used for the energy storage mechanism 114 is made of an ordinary single material (for example, high carbon steel, stainless steel, Co-Ni alloy), and a conventional mainspring used for a wristwatch or a table clock may be used. it can. The spring may be stored in a barrel. After the mainspring of the power storage mechanism 114 is sufficiently wound up (in a fully stored power state), it is connected to the second transmission mechanism 115 and rotated by releasing (rewinding) the mainspring using a gear train (gear) mechanism. The motion is increased, and the power generation mechanism 116 generates power. The power generation mechanism 116 is, for example, electromagnetic induction power generation using a magnet and a coil, and may be a flat type when thinness is required. In the power generation mechanism 116, the power generation speed and the power generation amount are controlled by the charge / discharge control mechanism 119. For example, although work is performed on the load 120 by the electricity generated by the power generation mechanism 116, the charge / discharge control mechanism 119 can control the amount of electricity released according to the load amount. In addition, in order to control the power generation speed, a signal from the charge / discharge control mechanism 119 is sent to the transmission control mechanism 118 to change the gear ratio of the second transmission mechanism, and so on. The rotation speed of the train wheel of the transmission mechanism can be adjusted. The load 120 is a terminal electronic device, for example, a portable device such as a mobile phone or a watch, and may include an electric double layer capacitor or a secondary battery that absorbs current (charge) unevenness or stores electricity. . An LSI incorporating a charge / discharge control circuit, a transmission control circuit, or the like may be mounted as the charge / discharge control mechanism or the transmission control mechanism.

Next, a specific embodiment of the system configuration of the vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 will be described. The power storage device 1 according to the present embodiment is mounted on, for example, a wristwatch, and uses the stored electrical energy as a power source for an oscillation circuit or the like built in the wristwatch.

As shown in FIG. 2, the energy storage device 1 includes a rotor 3, a universal joint 5, and an energy storage unit 7. The rotor 3 receives the vibration and rotates around the central axis G. As shown in FIG. 4, the rotor 3 has a fan-like shape when viewed from the front, and has a weight 11 on the outer peripheral side portion of the frame (rotor arm portion) 9. Is fixed. In FIG. 4, the rotor has a fan shape, but may have other shapes such as a semicircular shape or a reverse fan shape (a shape obtained by removing a fan shape from a circle).

The frame 9 of the rotor 3 is formed with a hole 13 having a circular shape when viewed from the front at the rotation center of the rotor 3, and the universal joint 5 is inserted into the hole 13.

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the universal joint 5 includes a sphere 15, a receiving portion 17 of the sphere 15, rotor-side shaft portions 19 a and 19 b fixed to the sphere 15, and an output shaft 21 fixed to the receiving portion 17. And. This universal joint 5 is called a Rzeppa joint or a ball type constant velocity joint.

The spherical body 15 is formed with a plurality of ball grooves 23 along a central axis G (see FIG. 2) when the rotor 3 is stationary, and balls 25 are arranged in the ball grooves 23, respectively. Further, on the spherical body 15, rotor side shaft portions 19 a and 19 b project from the spherical body 15 in an in-plane direction orthogonal to the central axis G in the stationary state of the rotor 3. Each axis of the rotor side shaft portions 19a and 19b passes through the center of the sphere. These rotor side shaft portions 19a and 19b are fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the hole 13 of the rotor 3 as shown in FIG.

The receiving portion 17 surrounds more than half of the sphere 15 and the inner surface forms a part of a spherical surface. A ball groove 27 for receiving the ball 25 is provided on the inner surface of the receiving portion 17 at a position corresponding to the ball groove 25 of the sphere 15. The receiving part 17 is formed with shaft grooves 29a and 29b through which the rotor side shafts 19a and 19b project from the spherical body 15, and the rotor side shafts 19a and 19b move in the corresponding shaft grooves 19a and 19b. It is free.

The output shaft 21 fixed to the receiving portion 17 is at a position orthogonal to the rotor side shafts 19a and 19b in the stationary state of the rotor 3 shown in FIG. The output shaft 21 is fixed in position and can only rotate.

As shown in FIG. 2, the output shaft 21 fixed to the receiving portion 17 is connected to the energy storage portion 7 via a gear train 31. The energy storage unit 7 meshes with the output shaft 21 via a gear train 31, rotates a rotating shaft 33, a case 35, a mainspring 36 (see FIG. 3), and a rotating frame 37 provided in the case 35. And a magnet 39 fixed to the rotation frame 37, a coil 41 disposed opposite to the magnet in the case 35, and a storage circuit unit 43 connected to the coil 41. In the storage circuit unit 43, the generated current generated in the coil 41 is stored in the capacitor 45. The current stored in the load connected to the capacitor 45 is supplied.

As shown in FIG. 3, the inner peripheral side end 36 a of the mainspring 36 is fixed to the rotating shaft 33, and the outer peripheral side end 36 b of the mainspring 36 is fixed to the rotation frame 37. Further, the rotation frame 37 is provided with a stopper 43 that is locked to the case 35. When the stopper 43 receives a predetermined force or more, the stopper 43 is pulled into the case 35 so that the pressure contact with the case 35 is released. .

The mainspring 36 shown in FIG. 3 is wound in one direction, but an S-shaped mainspring as shown in FIG. 21 may be used. FIG. 21A shows a state where the S-shaped mainspring is released, and FIG. 21B shows a state where the S-shaped mainspring is accumulated. When the S-shaped mainspring 101 is released, the S-shaped mainspring 101 is loosened and has an S-shape as shown in FIG. In addition, the S-shaped mainspring 101 is wound around the rotating shaft 103 (or the rotating shaft 105) as shown in FIG. FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the relationship between the torque and the release time of the S-shaped mainspring and the normal mainspring. In a normal mainspring, the torque increases with the amount of power stored in the mainspring (curve B), but in the S-shaped mainspring, the torque increases shortly after the start of power storage, and then a substantially constant value of torque works (curve A). That is, by using the S-shaped spring, the torque can be kept constant (flat torque), so that the torque is almost the same as the initial torque even if the amount of accumulated power is maximized. Since the conventional mainspring shows the maximum torque with the maximum amount of power storage, a latch mechanism that prevents reverse rotation, a latch mechanism that has a braking force that matches the maximum torque in the aforementioned ratchet switching wheel or a fine bristle structure that will be described later, Become. As a result, the dimensions of the mechanism increase, that is, the latch pitch increases and, for example, the energy harvesting rate due to minute vibrations decreases. On the other hand, when the S-shaped mainspring is used in this manner, even if the amount of accumulated power is maximized, the torque is almost the same as the initial value, so that the latch mechanism is not increased, and the energy harvesting rate by minute vibration is improved. In addition, as described later, it is possible to harvest a wide range of vibration spectra.

Next, the effect | action and effect of the energy storage apparatus 1 concerning this Embodiment are demonstrated. The vibration received by the mobile phone acts on the rotor 3 to rotate the rotor 3.
In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, a force in the in-plane direction (XZ direction) component of the rotor 3 and a force in the Y direction component orthogonal to the XZ plane act on the rotor 3. In other words, most vibrations have forces in the direction of the XZ component and the Y component. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, the rotor rotates around its central axis by the component force in the XZ direction. (When the rotor 3 is stationary, the Z direction is the vertical direction (vertical direction) in the in-plane direction of the rotor 3, and the X direction is the horizontal direction in the in-plane direction of the rotor 3 and perpendicular to the Z direction. The Y direction is perpendicular to the rotor 3 surface and perpendicular to the X and Z directions)

Since the rotor 3 is connected to the output shaft 21 via the universal joint 5, when the force of the component in the Y direction is received, the rotor 3 rotates while swinging in the Y direction. In this case, since the force in the Y direction causes the rotor 3 to shake and escape, the force in the Y direction can be prevented from inhibiting the rotation of the rotor 3. In the conventional rotor structure, since the universal joint structure is only the bearing structure, the force component in the Y direction presses the bearing in the Y direction, so that the rotation of the rotor in the XZ direction is suppressed. However, this suppression is greatly reduced by the universal joint 5 of the present invention.

Further, when the swing of the rotor 3 returns, the universal joint 5 rotates, so that a part of the force when the rotor 3 returns can be extracted as the force of the XZ component. In other words, the force component in the Y direction is converted into the force of the component in the XZ direction to accelerate the rotation of the rotor in the XZ direction, and not only the rotation surface (XZ direction) of the rotor 3 but also the Y direction. A part of the vibration component can be taken out as the rotational force of the output shaft 21, and the energy storage efficiency can be improved.

In the present embodiment, since the universal joint 5 is inserted and attached in the hole 13 formed in the central axis of the rotor 3, the size of the universal joint 5 protruding from the rotor 3 can be reduced, and the apparatus can be downsized. Can be achieved.

Since the universal joint 5 has one side and the other rotor side shafts 19a and 19b passing through the center of the sphere 15 attached to the hole 13 of the central shaft of the rotor 3, as shown in FIG. , 19b can be accommodated in the rotor 3, and the rotor side shafts 19a, 19g do not protrude from the rotor 3, so that also in this respect, the apparatus can be miniaturized.

Since the universal joint 5 rotates relatively freely in the Y direction, the rotor 3 rotates freely in the Y direction. Since the rotor 3 may collide with other equipment and be damaged, it is desirable to suppress the movement of the rotor 3 in the Y direction. Further, a part of the force component in the Y direction can be taken out as the force of the XZ component, but free rotation in the Y direction has a large energy loss. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9A, guides 53 are provided on both outer sides of the end portion of the weight portion 51 of the rotor 3. The guide 53 is provided with a rotatable bearing 55. The direction perpendicular to the paper surface is the X direction, and the vertical direction is the Z direction, and the rotor 3 rotates in the XZ plane and accumulates energy. As described above, the rotor of the present invention can also move (rotate) in the Y direction. However, if the movement is too large, damage or energy loss occurs, so the guide 53 suppresses the movement (rotation) of the rotor 3 in the Y direction. Is done.

FIGS. 9B and 9C are diagrams for explaining the Y-direction movement (rotation) limiting mechanism shown in FIG. 9A, and the weight 51 of the rotor 3 moves in the Y-direction (rotation) as viewed from above. ) Looking at the portion that hits the limiting mechanism 53. That is, it is a view of the XY plane, and the direction perpendicular to the paper surface is the Z direction. When the weight 51 of the rotor 3 hits the bearing 55 with a force of P only in the Y direction, the bearing 55 does not move because the force is only in the Y direction. At this time, the friction exerted on the weight 51 of the rotor 3 is large. As shown in FIG. 9C, when the bearing 55 hits the bearing 55 with a force S not only in the Y direction but also in other directions, the bearing 55 rotates in the R direction. With this rotation, the weight 51 of the rotor 3 moves in the T direction (facing the X direction). This means that the rotor 3 rotates in the XZ plane with the weight 51 of the rotor 3, so that the rotation of the rotor 3 in the XZ plane is accelerated and contributes to energy storage. Normally, the force only in the Y direction is extremely rare, and most of them are the force S in the oblique direction tilted with respect to the Y direction as shown in FIG. 9C. Therefore, by providing the guide mechanism 53 of the present invention, Energy storage can be increased.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another embodiment of a Y-direction movement (rotation) limiting mechanism that suppresses the Y-direction movement (rotation) of the rotor. In FIG. 9, the guides are provided on both outer sides of the weight 51 of the rotor 3, but FIG. 10 illustrates a Y-direction movement (rotation) limiting mechanism in which the weights 51 of the rotor 3 are arranged on both sides of the guide. As shown in FIG. 10A, the rotor 3 is attached to the universal joint 5 so as to be rotatable in the XZ plane. Further, the rotor 3 is connected to the output shaft 21 via the universal joint 5, and when receiving a force in the Y direction, the rotor 3 rotates while swinging in the Y direction. A weight 51 is provided on the outer periphery of the rotor 3 and operates integrally with the rotor 3. The outer end of the weight 51 is U-shaped and wound from the outside. A guide 57 is inserted inside the U-shape. The cross-sectional shape of this U-shaped weight portion is shown in FIG. The outer end of the weight portion 51 forms a U-shape with parallel plate-like bodies 51a and 51b and a bottom plate-like body 51c on both sides. When the rotor 3 is stationary in the vertical direction (Z direction) on the XZ plane, the guide 57 is separated from these plate-like bodies between the parallel plate-like bodies 51 a and 51 b of the weight portion 51. It is arranged so as to be in a substantially intermediate position and also away from the U-shaped bottom 51b. A bearing 59 is rotatably attached to the tip of the guide 57.

When the rotor 3 rotates only in the XZ plane, that is, when no force in the Y direction is applied, the guide 57 and the U-shaped weight as shown in FIG. It rotates while maintaining the state of the part. As shown in FIG. 10A, the tip of the weight 51 of the rotor 3 has a fan shape, and the guide 57 enters the inside thereof to have a hollow disk shape and is fixed. ing. Bearings 59 are attached to both flat plates of the circular plate of the guide 57. When the rotor 3 receives a force in the Y direction, the rotor 3 and the weight portion 51 move (rotate) in the Y direction, so that the tip portion 51a or 51b of the U-shaped weight portion 51 contacts the bearing 59, and the bearing 59 Although pushed in the Y direction, since the guide 57 is fixed, movement (rotation) of the rotor 3 and the weight portion 51 in the Y direction is restricted. Since the bearing 59 is rotatable, the rotor 3 and the weight 51 are rotated in the XZ plane by a force slightly inclined from the Y direction as described in FIG. 9C. A simple Y-direction movement (rotation) restriction mechanism as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 can restrict movement (rotation) in the Y-direction, prevent damage to equipment and components arranged inside, and the like. The directional force can be converted into the rotational force of the rotor in the XZ plane.

It was found that the motion in the Z-axis direction (the standing position direction of the human body) was large along with the acceleration and frequency components by measuring the time change of the acceleration frequency spectrum during walking with a motion logger placed in the bag. Therefore, it is necessary to harvest energy (energy harvest) effectively by the movement in the Z-axis direction. When the force in the Y direction acts on the conventional rotor (in the XZ plane), the bearing disposed on the rotor core (rotating shaft) is pushed in the rotating shaft direction, and thus the rotation of the rotor is suppressed. The rotor also has a pendulum structure with respect to the movement in the direction (vertical direction), and therefore does not move even if a pure force in the Z direction is applied in an equilibrium state with respect to the center of gravity of the rotor. However, since the rotor having the universal joint of the present invention moves in both the X direction and the Y direction, the center of gravity is offset once the movement starts in the X direction or the Y direction, so that the force in the Z axis direction can also contribute to the rotation of the rotor. Therefore, the energy due to the operation in the Z-axis direction can be used efficiently.

In the case of a conventional rotor, a force that presses the rotor core (rotation shaft or output shaft) is applied by the Y-direction component of the force (according to acceleration or the like) to suppress the rotation of the rotor. Therefore, when a retractable rotor 61 as shown in FIG. 11 is employed, the force in the Y direction exerted on the rotor core (rotating shaft) can be greatly reduced even with a conventional rotor. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a rotor 61 having a collapsible structure according to the present invention. A rotor core frame 65 is integrated with the rotor core (rotating shaft) 63. Further, the rotor core frame 65 is connected to a rotor arm portion (frame portion) 67, and the outer periphery of the rotor arm portion 67 becomes a rotating weight 69, which is heavier than the other portions of the rotor so as to increase the rotational energy.

The rotor core frame 65 and the rotor arm portion 67 are connected by a tiltable structure 71. FIG. 11B shows the collapsible structure 71 in an enlarged manner. That is, the rotor core frame 65 and the rotor arm portion 67 have a hinge structure 73, which is shown in the Y direction (in FIG. 11 (a) and FIG. 11 (b), the direction perpendicular to the paper surface, and in FIG. 11 (c)). As shown in FIG. However, in the X direction (FIG. 11 (a) and FIG. 11 (b), the left and right direction of the paper surface as shown in the figure, and in FIG. 11 (c), the direction perpendicular to the paper surface) and the Z direction (FIG. In FIG. 11 (b) and FIG. 11 (c), it does not move in the vertical direction of the paper surface as shown. The rotor 61 having the retractable structure 71 shown in FIG. 11 is integrated with the rotor core frame 65, the rotor arm portion 67, and the weight portion 69 in the XZ plane motion (rotational motion around the rotor core and the rotor bearing 75). It functions as a thing. Therefore, the entire rotor 61 operates integrally.

On the other hand, the acceleration α acts on the entire rotor 61 with respect to the acceleration α in the Y direction. However, since most of the mass of the rotor 61 is occupied by the rotor arm portion 67 and the rotor rotating weight 69, they are integrated by the acceleration α. The rotor arm portion 67 and the rotor rotating weight 69 move (rotate) around the tiltable portion 71. Since the hinge structure 73 of the retractable portion 71 is rotatable in the Y direction (the rotation surface is a YZ plane), the rotation of the rotor arm portion 67 and the rotor rotating weight 69 is almost free from the operation of the rotor core frame 65. It does not affect. The acceleration α also acts on the rotor core frame 65 and the rotor core 63 that are integrated, but the mass of the rotor core frame 65 and the rotor core 63 is small, so that the rotor core frame 65 and the rotor core 63 move in the Y direction. The action of force is small. Therefore, even if the acceleration α in the Y direction acts, the force with which the rotor core 63 pushes the rotor bearing 75 is small, so the force with which the bearing disposed on the rotor bearing 75 is pushed is also small, and the movement of the rotor core 63 in the X direction (X -Rotation on the Z plane) is small.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing frequency characteristics of the pendulum structure. FIG. 12A is a frequency characteristic of a conventional pendulum (a whole rotor integrated) without a retractable structure, and is a relationship curve between the frequency characteristic and acceleration when the center-of-gravity distance is 9.46 mm. In the case of a rotating weight (rotor) that is not retractable, the frequency characteristic is less dependent on acceleration. FIG. 12B is a frequency characteristic of the pendulum of the present invention having a collapsible structure, and is a relationship curve between the frequency and the center-of-gravity distance when the acceleration is constant at 1G. In the case of a tiltable rotary weight (rotor), it can be seen that the frequency dependence is high and energy harvesting in a wide band is possible.

By adopting a tiltable structure, the position of the center of gravity of the pendulum (rotor) varies when acceleration (force) in the Y direction is applied. The pendulum vibration period T is represented by T = 2π (l / g) 1/2. Therefore, when the position of the center of gravity changes, the resonance period of the rotor (rotating weight) changes, and the energy harvest (harvest) bandwidth improves. As described above, a transitional frictional force in the Y direction can be reduced by making the inside of the rotary weight (rotor) a tiltable structure.

FIG. 13 is a diagram comparing energy generation amounts due to differences in pendulum (rotor) structures, and shows the relationship between the horizontal accumulation force and the accumulation force of the vertical motion. The vertical axis represents the operating time (minutes) during vertical motion accumulation, and the horizontal axis represents the operation time (minutes) during horizontal accumulation. In FIG. 13, when the rhombus mark is attached with a tiltable rotary weight (on the arm), the square mark is the measurement result when the conventional rotary weight without an inclinable structure (unprocessed rotary weight) is attached (on the arm). It is. It can be seen that when the retractable rotary weight is attached, the energy harvesting ability is excellent on average + 130% in the vertical movement and on average + 77% in the horizontal movement, compared with the case where the raw rotary weight is attached. It can also be seen that the effect in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction) is greater than that in the horizontal direction, and that the tiltable rotary weight of the present invention using the force in the Y direction improves the efficiency with respect to the three-dimensional operation.

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing a rotation latch mechanism using fine hairs arranged on a substrate at a certain angle. As shown in FIG. 17 (a), fine hairs 322 are grown or implanted on the substrate 321 at a fixed angle α. For example, as shown in FIG. 17B, a sheath film 323 of fine hair 322 is formed on a substrate 321 and then an insulating film 324 is laminated. A groove (slanted groove) 325 having a certain angle α is formed in the insulating film 324 until reaching the sheath film 323 of the fine hair 322, and then a film of the fine hair 322 is selectively grown from the sheath film 323 in the groove 325. Fine hairs 322 having a certain angle α with respect to the substrate surface can be formed. Examples of the selective growth method include a CVD (chemical vapor deposition) method, a vapor deposition method, and a plating method. Examples of the material of the fine hair 322 include an organic material, a conductor material, and glass fiber. As shown in FIG. 17C, fine hairs arranged (orientated) with such a fixed angle are formed on the side surfaces of the rotating disk bodies 326 and 327, and the side surfaces of these disk bodies 326 and 327 are formed. Rotation transmission system can be made by combining

The side surface (rotating surface) of the rotating disk body 327 having the aligned fine hairs 332 is arranged in accordance with the orientation direction of the fine hairs 331 formed on the side surface (rotating surface) of the rotating disk body 326. (The fine hairs are planted or grown at a fixed angle with respect to the contact surface on the side surface (rotation surface) of the rotating disk body.) The orientation direction of the fine hairs 331 arranged on the side surface of the disk body 326 is The orientation direction of the fine hair 332 arranged on the side surface of the disc body 327 in the reverse direction to R3 is the reverse direction to R4. When the disk body 326 rotates around the rotation axis 328 in the direction opposite to R3, the fine hairs 331 and the fine hairs 332 do not mesh with each other, so that the disk body 326 runs idle and the disk body 327 does not rotate. When the disk body 326 rotates around the rotation axis 328 in the R3 direction, the fine hairs 331 and the fine hairs 332 mesh with each other, so that the disk body 327 rotates in the R4 direction. At this time, the disk bodies 326 and 327 can transmit the mutual rotation by performing the same function as the gear.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing another embodiment of a rotating body with a latch mechanism in which reverse rotation is regulated using fine hair arranged (orientated) at a certain angle. This embodiment is a rotating body with a latch mechanism that constitutes a bolt-shaped rotating body and a nut-shaped rotating body. The bolt-shaped rotating body 346 can rotate around the center M of the shaft 348. A large number of fine hairs 351 are arranged at a certain angle on the side surface of the cylindrical shaft 347 of the bolt-shaped rotating body 346. In addition, a large number of fine hairs 352 are arranged at a certain angle on the cylindrical inner side surface 350 of the nut-shaped rotating body 349 that receives the bolt-shaped rotating body 346. The nut-shaped (cylindrical) rotating body 349 can rotate around its center N.

FIG. 18B is a side sectional view of a rotating body with a bolt / nut-like latch mechanism using the fine hairs. As shown in FIG. 18B, the cylindrical shaft 347 of the bolt-shaped rotating body 346 fits inside the nut-shaped rotating body 349. At this time, the fine bristles 351 and 352 are substantially symmetrical so as to be aligned in the same direction, and the fine bristles 351 and 352 are arranged so as to be inclined in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical shaft 347 and the cylindrical inner surface 350. ing. (FIG. 18B is a side cross-sectional view of the rotating bodies 347 and 349, so that the fine hairs 351 and 352 mesh with the side surfaces of the rotating body in the vertical direction. When the fine hairs 351 and 352 are rotated in the direction opposite to the same direction, that is, when the bolt-shaped rotating body 346 is rotated in the direction of R5, the fine hairs 351 and the fine hairs 352 are engaged with each other. Therefore, the nut-like rotating body 349 rotates in the direction of R6. On the contrary, when the fine bristles 351 and 352 are rotated in the direction facing the same direction, that is, when the bolt-shaped rotating body 346 is rotated in the opposite direction to R5, the fine bristles 351 and the fine bristles 352 are completely disengaged and have frictional force. Therefore, the bolt-shaped rotating body 346 is idle and the nut-shaped rotating body 349 does not rotate.

In this way, it is possible to produce a rotating body with a latch mechanism in which reverse rotation is restricted (the other does not rotate with respect to reverse rotation) using fine hairs. Since the rotating body with a latch mechanism using fine hair can make the pitch of the fine hair fine, a fine rotating body can also be formed, and the vibration power generation mechanism of the present invention can be miniaturized. Further, the rotating body with a latch mechanism using fine bristles has a high strength and excellent durability because the contact form is surface contact. Even if each of the fine hairs is several tens of μm, since the latching is performed at random, a resolution of about several μm can be latched, which is advantageous in terms of miniaturization. Furthermore, by combining two rotating bodies with a latch mechanism, rotation in either direction can be converted into rotation in one direction, so that it can also be used as a switching vehicle. This latch mechanism can be applied to the first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism.

By combining the retractable rotary weight (rotor) of the present invention shown in FIG. 12 with the (Y-direction) universal joint of the present invention, more efficient energy harvesting using the Y-direction force or the Y-direction force component. A mechanism (energy harvest) can be established. Further, by combining with a Y-direction movement (rotation) limiting mechanism that restricts excessive movement (rotation) in the Y direction as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. It becomes possible to prevent damage to the system. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a system having both a retractable rotary weight (rotor), a (Y direction) universal joint, and a Y direction movement (rotation) limiting mechanism. The rotor shown in FIG. 14 is attached to the universal joint 5 so that the rotor can rotate without any loss of force in the XZ direction even with respect to the force in the Y direction.

The rotor 77 has a tiltable structure 71 between the rotor core frame 65 connected to the universal joint 5 and the rotor arm portion 67. Therefore, even if the acceleration in the Y direction component is received, the rotor arm 67 and the rotor rotating weight 69 rotate only in the reciprocating arrow R direction around the retractable structure 71, and this rotational force is applied to the rotor core frame 65 and the automatic joint 5. Almost no transmission. Accordingly, the force pressed in the Y direction in the automatic joint 5 is very small because it is only the force applied by the acceleration to the rotor core frame 65 and the automatic joint 5 itself. As described above, the automatic coupling 5 of the present invention has almost no influence on the rotation of the rotor 71 effective for power generation in the X-Z direction even if it receives a force in the Y direction, but incorporates the collapsible structure 71 shown in FIG. As a result, the influence of the force in the Y direction on the rotation of the rotor 71 can be further reduced. Further, since the rotation radius of the rotor 71 is reduced by the retractable structure 71, the amount of displacement is also reduced.

Further, the structure shown in FIG. 14A includes the Y-direction movement (rotation) limiting mechanism 53 as shown in FIG. 9, so that excessive rotation of the rotary weight 69 is prevented and the bearing 55 is used in the Y-direction. Since the force of the rotary weight 69 is converted into a force in the XZ direction, the force in the Y direction can be used for the rotation of the rotor 77 effective for power generation. 14B includes a Y-direction movement (rotation) limiting mechanism 58 (including a guide 57 and a bearing 59) as shown in FIG. c), and the force of the rotary weight 69 in the Y direction is converted into a force in the XZ direction by the bearing 59. Therefore, the force in the Y direction is used to rotate the rotor 77 effective for power generation. Can be utilized. As described above, the retractable structure and the Y-direction movement (rotation) limiting mechanism as shown in FIG. 11 can be added to the vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism of the present invention. ) Can be reduced, and conversely, the effect of accelerating the movement (rotation) in the X-Z direction with the force in the Y-direction can be enhanced.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which the vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism of the present invention is applied to a wristwatch. The vibration energy of a vibration harvesting mechanism including a joint part 84 having a universal joint, a guide 83 that is a Y-direction movement (rotation) limiting mechanism, a bearing part 85, and a rotary weight part 81 is transmitted from the first wheel to the wheel train gears ( Rotational energy is transmitted by the one-way rotational alignment mechanism + first transmission mechanism) 86 and is stored in the mainspring in the barrel (power storage mechanism) 88. The gear train 86 is covered with various receivers 87 such as a first receiver, and these are assembled to the character plate 89. Rotational energy from the wound mainspring in the barrel 88 is rotated at an increased speed by a generator wheel train (second transmission mechanism) 90 and is generated by a power generation mechanism 91. The obtained built-in LSI or display element is displayed. Alternatively, various portable devices can be operated by generating electric power using an automatic wristwatch winding mechanism using the system of the present invention.

The conversion efficiency of the vibration energy conversion power generation system of the present invention is 30% or more, and the total amount of energy that can be extracted is 10 μW to 1 mW. In terms of efficiency, other energy conversion power generation systems (for example, optical / electrical conversion (solar cell) systems) Is about 10%), and the amount of energy that can be taken out (for example, about 2 to 10 μW for an optical / electrical conversion (solar cell) system) is also very large.

FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a vibration spectrum and a power spectrum received when the human body is moving. When a person is walking, the power density of vibrations of 20 Hz or less is large, and when the person is in the vehicle, there is a large amount of vibration energy up to about 100 Hz. Since the frequency spectrum that can be harvested by a conventional vibration power generation (vibration → power generation → charge) system is between 20 and 50 Hz, energy cannot be harvested during walking, and vibrations in low and high frequency bands cannot be handled. On the other hand, since the vibration energy conversion power generation system of the present invention can follow a wide vibration spectrum from 1 Hz or less (about 0.2 Hz) to about 300 Hz, it can harvest a broad spectrum of vibration energy. Therefore, the vibration energy conversion power generation system of the present invention is a high efficiency and high yield power generation system.

In summary, the present invention provides a highly efficient vibration energy conversion power generation system, a vibration harvesting mechanism that converts vibration energy into rotational energy, and a unidirectional rotation that aligns rotational energy into a unidirectional rotational force. Alignment mechanism, latch mechanism for preventing reverse rotation, first transmission mechanism for reducing rotational speed due to aligned rotational force, accumulator mechanism for storing converted rotational force as rotational energy through first transmission mechanism, accumulator The vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism includes a second speed change mechanism that increases the rotational speed of the rotational energy stored in the mechanism, and a power generation mechanism that generates power from the speed increased by the second speed change mechanism. In particular, the vibration harvesting mechanism includes a rotor that rotates around a central shaft portion under vibration, a universal joint connected to the central shaft portion of the rotor, and an output shaft of the universal joint. Has a mechanism that is utilized for rotating the rotor.

In addition, it cannot be overemphasized that the said content can be applied to the said other part regarding that it can apply without contradiction also to the other part which was not described about the content described and demonstrated in a certain part of the specification. Furthermore, the above-described embodiment is an example, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Needless to say, the scope of rights of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, the energy storage unit 7 is not limited to storing electric current, and the output shaft 21 holds the mainspring 36 in a state where the mainspring 36 is tightened, and when the kinetic energy is taken out, the mainspring 36 is opened so that the rotation frame 37 You may take out rotational force as a driving force. The energy storage device is not limited to a portable device, and the rotor may be subjected to vibration due to ocean waves or the like.

The vibration energy conversion power generation system of the present invention can be applied not only to various portable devices but also to devices associated with a device that generates vibrations such as a vehicle body, and is always charged as long as vibrations are generated. It is in a state. Also, each mechanism shown in FIG. 1 can be used independently or combined with other systems. In particular, a rotor with a universal joint can be incorporated into a system that converts vibrational energy into rotational energy.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Power storage device, 3 ... Rotor, 5 ... Universal joint,
7 ... energy storage unit, 13 ... hole of rotor shaft, 15 ... sphere,
17 ... receiving part, 19a, 19b ... rotor side shaft, 21 ... output shaft,
111 ... Vibration harvesting mechanism, 112 ... One-way rotational alignment mechanism,
113 ... 1st speed change mechanism, 114 ... Power storage mechanism, 115 ... 2nd speed change mechanism,
116 ... Power generation mechanism, 117 ... Manual winding mechanism, 118 ... Transmission control mechanism,
119 ... Charge / discharge control mechanism, 120 ... Load,

Claims (19)

A vibration harvesting mechanism that converts vibration energy into rotational energy; a one-way rotational alignment mechanism that aligns the rotational energy into a rotational force in one direction; a first transmission mechanism that decelerates the rotational speed due to the aligned rotational force; The rotational force is stored by the first speed change mechanism as rotational energy, the second speed change mechanism for increasing the rotational speed by the rotational energy stored in the power storage mechanism, and the second speed change mechanism. A vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism including a power generation mechanism that generates electric power from a rotated rotational speed. A vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism further comprising a latch mechanism for preventing reverse rotation in the rotation direction between the one-way rotation alignment mechanism and the first transmission mechanism. 3. The vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the latch mechanism uses a rotating disk body having fine hairs having orientation on a side surface. 4. The vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a manual winding mechanism is attached to the first transmission mechanism. 5. The speed reduction ratio in the first transmission mechanism is 1/5 and / or the speed increase ratio in the second transmission mechanism is 5, according to claim 1. Vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism. A shift control mechanism is further added to the second transmission mechanism, a mechanism for detecting that the mainspring is completely wound up and releasing the mainspring by itself is added, and / or the vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism The vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism according to claim 1, further comprising a charge / discharge control circuit. The vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism according to claim 6, wherein the mainspring is intermittently released by the shift control mechanism while monitoring a charge / discharge state in the charge / discharge control circuit. The rotating disk body using fine hairs having orientation on the side surface is used for the first transmission mechanism and / or the second transmission mechanism, according to any one of claims 1 to 7. The vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism according to the section. A rotor that rotates around the central shaft under vibration, a universal joint connected to the central shaft of the rotor, and an energy storage unit connected to the output shaft of the universal joint. A rotor side shaft whose axes intersect with each other, and an output shaft is rotated by rotation of the rotor side shaft to transmit the kinetic energy of the rotor to the energy storage unit. The vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism described in 1. A rotor that rotates around the central shaft under vibration, a universal joint connected to the central shaft of the rotor, and an energy storage unit connected to the output shaft of the universal joint. A vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism comprising: a rotor side shaft whose axes intersect with each other, and an output shaft rotated by rotation of the rotor side shaft to transmit kinetic energy of the rotor to an energy storage unit. The rotor has a hole formed in the central shaft portion, and the universal joint is disposed in the hole in the central shaft portion of the rotor, and surrounds the sphere and more than half of the sphere, and the inner surface forms a part of a spherical surface. The rotor side shaft has one and the other shaft portion projecting from the sphere, the axis of which passes through the center of the sphere, and the one and the other rotor side shaft portion are in the plane of the rotor rotation surface. The vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism is attached to a central shaft portion of the rotor in a direction. The vibration according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the rotor is rotatable in the vertical in-plane direction with respect to a force in an in-plane direction and an output shaft direction of the universal joint. Energy conversion power generation mechanism. The rotor can rotate integrally with the universal joint in the output shaft direction against the force in the output shaft direction of the universal joint, and the rotor can also rotate in the direction perpendicular to the output shaft direction. The vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism according to any one of claims 9 to 12. The rotor has a retractable structure in which a retractable portion exists between the bearing frame portion and the rotor weight portion of the rotor, and the rotor weight portion of the rotor against the force in the output shaft direction of the universal joint The side is rotatable about the foldable portion, and when the force in the output shaft direction of the universal joint is received, the foldable structure suppresses rotation in the direction perpendicular to the output shaft direction of the rotor. The vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism according to any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein the vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism can be reduced. A limiting mechanism for restricting the operation of the rotor weight portion of the rotor against the force in the output shaft direction of the universal joint is provided on both outer sides of the rotor weight portion of the rotor in the output shaft direction. Item 15. The vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism according to any one of Items 9 to 14. The outer periphery of the rotor weight part of the rotor is formed in a substantially U shape, and the restriction mechanism restricts the operation of the rotor weight part of the rotor against the force in the output shaft direction of the universal joint in the U-shaped space. The vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism according to claim 9, wherein the vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism is provided. When the rotor is operated with respect to the force in the output shaft direction of the universal joint, the rotor weight hits the bearing and the bearing rotates when the rotor is operated with respect to the force of the universal joint. The vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism is rotated in an in-plane direction perpendicular to the direction. The energy storage unit includes a mainspring that is wound by rotation of the output shaft of the universal joint, a rotating frame that rotates when the mainspring is opened, a magnet that is fixed to the rotating frame, and a coil that faces the magnet. The vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism according to claim 9, further comprising: a power storage unit that stores current generated in the coil. A portable device comprising the vibration energy conversion power generation mechanism according to any one of claims 9 to 18, wherein the rotor rotates in response to vibration when being carried.