JP2012142628A - Power semiconductor device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power semiconductor device which responds to a request for achieving great current and high reliability even in the case where a distance between gate wires increases.SOLUTION: A power semiconductor device comprises: an nbuffer layer 56, an nlayer 57 and a p base region 66 provided on a top face of a pcollector layer 55 in this order; two trench gates 3, 4 respectively including trenches 3a, 4a provided adjacent to each other and parallel with each other from a surface of the p base region 66 such that the bottoms of the trenches 3a, 4a reach the inside of an nlayer 57, gate insulation films 3b, 4b respectively provided on inner faces of the trenches 3a, 4a, and gate electrodes 3c, 4c respectively provided so as to fill the inside of the gate insulation films 3b, 4b; nemitter regions 6 provided within a surface of the p base region 66 and each being adjacent to only one side of each of the respective trench gates 3, 4; an emitter electrode 51 provided on the p base region 66 and electrically connected with the nemitter region 6; and a collector electrode 63 provided on an undersurface of the pcollector layer 55.

Description

  The present invention relates to a power semiconductor device having a MOS gate structure, and more particularly to an insulated gate bipolar transistor used for power conversion and control of an inverter or the like.

  In recent years, an insulated gate bipolar transistor (hereinafter referred to as an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor)) is often used as a power semiconductor device used for power conversion and control of an inverter or the like. In this IGBT, demands for higher current (higher breakdown voltage) and higher reliability are increasing.

  FIG. 7 is a plan view of an IGBT chip disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example. In the IGBT chip 50 in FIG. 7, 51 is an emitter electrode (first main electrode), 52 is a gate pad formed in a recess provided in a part of the periphery of the emitter electrode 51, and 53 is an emitter from the gate pad 52. It is a gate wiring that extends around and in the plane of the electrode 51 and is provided so as to divide the emitter electrode 51 into strips. Between the gate wirings 53, IGBT cells 54 having various cell structures are provided.

For example, FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an AA cross section of the IGBT cell 54 of FIG. 7, which is a general planar gate IGBT cell structure disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1. In FIG. 8, 55 is a p ⁺ collector layer (first conductivity type first semiconductor layer) made of a semiconductor substrate, and 56 is an n ⁺ buffer layer (second conductivity layer) provided on one surface of the p ⁺ collector layer 55. Type second semiconductor layer), 57 is an n ⁻ layer (second conductivity type third semiconductor layer) provided on the n ⁺ buffer layer 56, and 58 is selectively formed in the surface of the n ⁻ layer 57. The provided p base region (first conductive type first semiconductor region) 59 is an n ⁺ emitter region (second conductive type second semiconductor region) selectively provided in the surface of the p base region 58. , 60 is a gate insulating film made of an insulator such as an oxide film provided on a part of the n ⁻ layer 57 and the n ⁺ emitter region 59 and the p base region 58 therebetween, and 61 is formed on the gate insulating film 60. A gate electrode made of a conductor such as polysilicon provided, 62 is a gate electrode 61 a gate insulating film 60 and the n ⁺ portion so as to cover provided silicate glass (BPSG) or the like made of an insulator interlayer insulating film of the emitter region 59, 51 is a conductor such as aluminum as shown in FIG. 7 The emitter electrode is provided so as to cover the interlayer insulating film 62, the p base region 58, and a part of the n ⁺ emitter region 59. Reference numeral 63 denotes a collector electrode (second main electrode) made of a conductor such as aluminum provided on the other surface of the p ⁺ collector layer 55. Note that the end of the gate electrode 61 in the extending direction (the front-rear direction in FIG. 8) is connected to the gate wiring 53.

FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the AA cross section of the IGBT cell 54 of FIG. 7, which is a planar gate IGBT cell structure having a terrace gate structure shown in Non-Patent Document 2. In FIG. 9, the difference from FIG. 8 is a terrace gate portion 65 provided on the n ⁻ layer 57, which is characterized by a terrace gate as compared with the general planar gate IGBT shown in FIG. That is, the gate insulating film 60 of the portion 65 is thick. As a result, the capacitance of the gate insulating film 60 is reduced, so that the feedback capacitance is reduced. In FIG. 9, the same or corresponding parts as those shown in FIG.

FIGS. 10A and 10B are a plan view and a partial cross-sectional view showing an AA cross section of the IGBT cell 54 of FIG. 7, and a trench gate type having a trench that does not operate a gate (hereinafter referred to as a dummy trench). An IGBT cell structure is shown, for example, one corresponding to Patent Document 2 is described. In FIG. 10A, the emitter electrode 51 is removed for easy understanding. 10, p ⁺ collector layer 55, n ⁺ buffer layer 56, n ⁻ layer 57, emitter electrode 51, and collector electrode 63 are the same as or equivalent to those shown in FIG. Is omitted. Reference numeral 66 denotes a p base layer (fourth semiconductor layer of the first conductivity type) provided on the n ⁻ layer 57, and 67 denotes a trench gate provided so as to reach the n ⁻ layer 57 from the surface of the p base layer 66. The trench gate 67 includes a trench 67a and a gate insulating film 67b made of an insulator such as an oxide film provided on the inner surface of the trench 67a and a conductor such as polysilicon provided so as to fill the inside of the gate insulating film 67b. Gate electrode 67c. Reference numeral 68 denotes a dummy trench provided so as to reach the n ⁻ layer 57 from the surface of the p base layer 66. The dummy trench 68 is an insulation made of an insulator such as an oxide film provided on the inner surface of the trench 68a and the trench 68a. The dummy electrode 68c made of a conductor such as polysilicon is provided so as to fill the film 68b and the insulating film 68b and is electrically connected to the emitter electrode 51. 69 is an n ⁺ emitter region provided in the surface of the p base layer 66 adjacent to both sides of the trench gate 67, and 70 is an interlayer insulation provided so as to cover a part of the n ⁺ emitter region 69 and the trench gate 67. A film 51 is the emitter electrode shown in FIG. 7 and is provided so as to cover the exposed portions of the interlayer insulating film 70, the p base layer 66, the dummy trench 68 and the n ⁺ emitter region 69. The use of the dummy trench suppresses the current flowing through the IGBT chip 50 at the time of a short circuit, so that it is possible to ensure a short circuit withstand capability (SSCOA (Short Circuit Safe Operation Area)) and effectively function for increasing the current. There is in point to do. Note that an end portion of the gate electrode 67 c is connected to the gate wiring 53.

JP-A-8-316479 (FIG. 1) JP 2002-353456 A (FIG. 1)

Transistor technology SPECIAL No. 85 CQ Publishing Co., Ltd. Published January 1, 2004 p44 (Figure 3-10) Power Device Power IC Handbook Corona Publishing Co., Ltd. 1996 p151 (Fig. 6.28 (a))

  An IGBT, which is a conventional power semiconductor device, is configured as described above. In response to the recent demands for higher current (higher breakdown voltage) and higher reliability for IGBTs, the following is provided. Challenges are prominent.

  In the IGBT chip 50, in order to suppress the gate resistance (shown as R in FIG. 7) of the gate electrodes 61 and 67c formed of a conductor such as polysilicon, the emitter electrode 51 is made of aluminum as shown in FIG. It is provided so as to be divided into strips by a gate wiring 53 formed of a conductor such as. However, in response to the increase in current and the reliability, in the IGBT package on which the IGBT chip 50 is mounted, the number of wires made of a conductor such as aluminum bonded to the emitter electrode 51 tends to increase. For this reason, in order to improve the reliability of wire bonding, it is necessary to increase the area of each emitter electrode 51 provided in a strip shape by widening the interval between the gate wirings 53. As described above, a large difference occurs in the gate resistance of the gate electrodes 61 and 67c. Specifically, in the IGBT cell 54, the gate resistance decreases at a position close to the gate wiring 53, and the gate resistance increases at a position away from the gate wiring 53 (for example, a central position between the gate wirings). Therefore, at the time of turn-off, the current supplied to the IGBT cell 54 near and away from the gate line 53 becomes unbalanced (hereinafter referred to as shunt unbalance), and the position away from the gate line 53 where the turn-off speed is slow. When the current concentrates in the IGBT cell 54 and generates heat, the turn-off resistance, that is, the reverse bias safe operating area (RBSOA) is lowered.

As a means for reducing the gate resistance of the gate electrodes 61 and 67c, it is conceivable to use doped polysilicon in which polysilicon, which is a material of the gate electrodes 61 and 67c, is doped to reduce the resistance. However, when doped polysilicon is used for the gate electrode 61 of the planar gate type IGBT shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the doped impurities are auto-doped into the gate insulating film 60 and the n ⁻ layer 57 to cause gate leakage characteristics and main breakdown voltage leakage. It will affect the characteristics. Further, when doped polysilicon is used for the gate electrode 67c of the trench gate type IGBT shown in FIG. 10, the width of the trench gate is very narrow, so that the cross-sectional area of the gate electrode 67c is very small. Therefore, as described above, when the interval between the gate wirings 53 is increased, the gate resistance is increased to cause a shunt imbalance, and the turn-off resistance is reduced.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems. Even when the interval between the gate wirings 53 is widened, the current unbalance is improved and a large current and high reliability are achieved. An object is to provide a power semiconductor device that meets demands.

  A power semiconductor device according to the present invention includes a first conductivity type first semiconductor layer, a second conductivity type second semiconductor layer provided on one surface of the first semiconductor layer, and a second semiconductor layer. A third semiconductor layer of a second conductivity type provided thereon, a fourth semiconductor layer of a first conductivity type provided on the third semiconductor layer, and the third semiconductor from the surface of the fourth semiconductor layer; A trench, a gate insulating film provided on the inner surface of the trench, and a gate insulating film provided in the inner surface of the trench were provided so as to reach the bottom of the layer and arranged side by side. A first semiconductor region of the second conductivity type provided in the surface of the fourth semiconductor layer adjacent to only one side of each of the two trench gates and the two trench gates composed of gate electrodes, a fourth semiconductor Provided on the layer and electrically connected to the first semiconductor region First main electrode, a second main electrode provided on the other surface of the first semiconductor layer.

  According to the present invention, the first semiconductor of the second conductivity type provided in the surface of the fourth semiconductor layer adjacent to only one side of each of the two trench gates arranged close to each other and juxtaposed. Since the region is provided, the two trench gates operate like one trench gate, and the cross-sectional area of the gate electrode is substantially increased. For this reason, the gate resistance of the gate electrode is reduced as compared with the prior art. Therefore, the shunt imbalance at the time of turn-off is improved, and a decrease in turn-off resistance can be prevented. Even if the gate wiring spacing is widened, the improvement of the shunt imbalance prevents the turn-off capability from being lowered, and the trench gate type power supply meets the demand for higher current and higher reliability. A semiconductor device can be obtained. Further, since each of the two trench gates is provided with the first semiconductor region adjacent to only one side, the channel is formed only on one side at the time of turn-on. Therefore, the current loss at the time of a short circuit can be suppressed low, and the short circuit tolerance can be ensured.

1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a planar gate IGBT that is a power semiconductor device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is the elements on larger scale of the planar gate type IGBT which is a power semiconductor device concerning Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a fragmentary sectional view of planar gate type IGBT which is a power semiconductor device concerning Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is the top view and partial sectional view of a trench gate type IGBT which is a power semiconductor device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. It is the top view and partial sectional view of a trench gate type IGBT which is a power semiconductor device according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. It is the top view and partial sectional view of a trench gate type IGBT which is a power semiconductor device according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. It is a top view which shows the IGBT chip | tip which is the conventional semiconductor device for electric power. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the planar gate type IGBT which is the conventional semiconductor device for electric power. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the planar gate type IGBT which has the terrace gate structure which is the conventional semiconductor device for electric power. It is a fragmentary sectional view of trench gate type IGBT provided with the dummy trench structure which is the conventional semiconductor device for electric power.

Embodiment 1
Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a planar gate type IGBT which is a power semiconductor device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and shows a cell structure taken along the line AA of the IGBT cell 54 shown in FIG. . 1 is different from FIG. 8 shown in the prior art in that the gate electrode 1 is made of a polysilicon film 1a provided on the gate insulating film 60, and the polysilicon film 1a is doped with impurities. In other words, the doped polysilicon film 1b having a reduced resistance is provided, and the end of the gate electrode 1 in the extending direction (the front-rear direction in FIG. 1) is connected to the gate wiring 53. . The other configurations are the same as or correspond to those shown in FIG.

  According to the structure of FIG. 1, the gate electrode 1 is doped with the polysilicon film 1a provided on the gate insulating film 60 and the polysilicon film 1a doped with impurities to reduce the resistance. Since the polysilicon film 1b is provided, the gate resistance of the gate electrode 1 is reduced as compared with the prior art. Therefore, the difference in gate resistance between the IGBT cell 54 located near the gate wiring 53 and the IGBT cell 54 located away from the gate wiring 53 (for example, the central position between the gate wirings) is reduced. Therefore, the shunt unbalance at the time of turn-off in the IGBT cell 54 at a position close to the gate wiring 53 and a position away from the gate wiring 53 is improved, and current concentrates in the IGBT cell 54 at a position away from the gate wiring 53 and heat is generated. Since it is eliminated, it is possible to prevent a decrease in turn-off resistance.

In addition, since the polysilicon film 1a that is not doped with impurities is provided between the doped polysilicon film 1b and the gate insulating film 60, the impurities contained in the doped polysilicon film 1b are transferred to the gate insulating film 60 or the n ⁻ layer 57. Autodope that diffuses naturally is suppressed. For this reason, it is possible to eliminate the influence on the gate leak characteristic and main breakdown voltage leak characteristic which are concerned by auto-doping.

  Accordingly, even when the interval between the gate wirings 53 is widened, the reduction of the turn-off resistance is prevented by improving the shunt imbalance, and additionally, the gate leakage characteristics and main factors which are concerned are suppressed by suppressing the auto-doping of impurities. Since the influence on the withstand voltage leakage characteristic can be eliminated, a planar type IGBT that meets the demands for high current (high withstand voltage) and high reliability can be obtained.

Embodiment 2
In the first embodiment, the gate electrode 1 includes a polysilicon film 1a provided on the gate insulating film 60, and a doped polysilicon film obtained by doping polysilicon with impurities to reduce the resistance. A configuration provided with 1b is shown. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view for explaining the second embodiment, and corresponds to an enlarged view of the portion of the gate electrode 1 of FIG. The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the impurity contained in the doped polysilicon film 1b has a concentration gradient. Specifically, as in the impurity concentration distribution shown in FIG. 2, an impurity concentration gradient is provided in the thickness direction of the doped polysilicon film 1b, and the impurity concentration at the upper part of the doped polysilicon film 1b is set to the highest. The impurity concentration is decreased in the thickness direction, that is, toward the polysilicon film 1a, so that the impurity concentration at the bottom of the doped polysilicon film 1b contacting the polysilicon film 1b is the lowest or zero. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about what is the same as that of what was shown in FIG. 8, or description.

  According to the structure shown in FIG. 2, the resistance of the gate electrode 1 has the resistance distribution shown in FIG. 2, and the low resistance region is formed on the doped polysilicon film 1b. A decrease in turn-off resistance can be prevented.

In addition, since the impurity concentration of the doped polysilicon film 1b is the lowest or zero at the bottom of the doped polysilicon film 1b in contact with the polysilicon film 1a, the impurities contained in the doped polysilicon film 1b are removed from the gate insulating film 60 or Autodoping that diffuses naturally in the n ⁻ layer 57 is further suppressed as compared with the first embodiment. For this reason, it is possible to further eliminate the influence on the gate leak characteristic and main breakdown voltage leak characteristic which are concerned by auto-doping.

  Accordingly, even when the interval between the gate wirings 53 is widened, the reduction of the turn-off resistance is prevented by improving the shunt imbalance, and in addition, the gate leakage characteristic which is a concern due to the further suppression of impurity auto-doping. Further, it is possible to further eliminate the influence on the main withstand voltage leakage characteristics, so that a planar IGBT that meets the demand for higher current (higher withstand voltage) and higher reliability can be obtained.

Embodiment 3
The gate electrode 1 composed of the polysilicon film 1a and the doped polysilicon film 1b shown in the first embodiment can be applied to the planar gate type IGBT having the terrace gate structure shown in FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a planar gate type IGBT having a terrace gate structure, which is a power semiconductor device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, and shows a cell structure in the AA cross section of the IGBT cell 54 shown in FIG. Is shown. 3 differs from FIG. 9 shown in the prior art in the terrace gate portion 65 in that the gate electrode 2 is provided on the polysilicon film 2a provided on the gate insulating film 60, and on the polysilicon film 2a. The doped polysilicon film 2b, which has a low resistance by doping impurities into silicon, is provided. Note that the end of the gate electrode 2 in the extending direction (the front-rear direction in FIG. 3) is connected to the gate wiring 53. The other structures are the same as or equivalent to those shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, and thus the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

  According to the structure of FIG. 3, in the terrace gate portion 65, the gate electrode 2 is doped with the polysilicon film 2a provided on the gate insulating film 60, and the polysilicon film 2a is doped with impurities. Since the doped polysilicon film 2b having a reduced resistance is provided, the gate resistance of the gate electrode 2 is reduced as compared with the prior art. Therefore, a decrease in turn-off resistance can be prevented as in the first embodiment.

Similarly to the first embodiment, autodoping in which impurities contained in doped polysilicon film 2b naturally diffuse into gate insulating film 60 or n ⁻ layer 57 is suppressed. For this reason, it is possible to eliminate the influence on the gate leakage characteristic and main breakdown voltage leakage characteristic which are concerned by auto-doping.

  Accordingly, even when the interval between the gate wirings 53 is widened, the reduction of the turn-off resistance is prevented by improving the shunt imbalance, and additionally, the gate leakage characteristics and main factors which are concerned are suppressed by suppressing the auto-doping of impurities. Since the influence on the withstand voltage leakage characteristic can be further eliminated, it is possible to obtain a planar IGBT that meets the demand for higher current (high withstand voltage) and higher reliability.

Embodiment 4
In the third embodiment, in the terrace gate portion 65, the gate electrode 2 is made of a polysilicon film 2a provided on the gate insulating film 60, and the polysilicon film 2a is doped with impurities to reduce the resistance. Although the structure in which the doped polysilicon film 2b is provided is shown, the doped polysilicon film 2b may have an impurity concentration gradient as in the second embodiment. In this case, as in the second embodiment, in addition to preventing a decrease in turn-off resistance, autodoping of impurities contained in the doped polysilicon film 2b into the gate insulating film 60 or the n ⁻ layer 57 is further suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to further eliminate the influence on the gate leakage characteristics and main breakdown voltage leakage characteristics of the IGBT, which is a concern, thereby obtaining a planar gate IGBT that meets the demand for higher current and higher reliability.

Embodiment 5
Embodiment 5 of the present invention will be described. FIGS. 4A and 4B are a plan view and a partial cross-sectional view showing the AA cross section of the IGBT cell 54 shown in FIG. 7, and a dummy trench which is a power semiconductor device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. 1 shows a cell structure of a trench gate type IGBT having a gate electrode. FIG. 4 (a) shows the structure excluding the emitter electrode 51 for easy understanding. In FIG. 4, p ⁺ collector layer 55 (first conductivity type first semiconductor layer), n ⁺ buffer layer 56 (second conductivity type second semiconductor layer), n ⁻ layer 57 (second conductivity type). (Third semiconductor layer), emitter electrode 51 (first main electrode), collector electrode 63 (second main electrode), p base layer 66 (first conductivity type fourth semiconductor layer), and dummy trench 68 ( The trench 68a, the insulating film 68b, and the dummy electrode 68c) are the same as or correspond to those shown in FIG. Reference numerals 3 and 4 denote two trench gates arranged close to each other and arranged in parallel, and are provided so as to reach the n ⁻ layer 57 from the surface of the p base layer 66. The two trench gates 3 and 4 fill the insides of the gate insulating films 3b and 4b and the gate insulating films 3b and 4b made of an insulator such as an oxide film provided on the inner surfaces of the trenches 3a and 4a and the trenches 3a and 4a, respectively. The gate electrodes 3c and 4c made of a conductor such as polysilicon are provided. Reference numeral 6 denotes an n ⁺ emitter region (second conductivity type first semiconductor region) provided in the surface of the p base layer 66 adjacent to only one side of each of the two trench gates 3 and 4. In FIG. 4, the n ⁺ emitter region 6 is provided on both outer sides of the two trench gates 3 and 4 in order to make the two trench gates 3 and 4 as close as possible. 7 is an interlayer insulating film provided so as to cover a part of the n ⁺ emitter region 6 and the two trench gates 3 and 4, 51 is an emitter electrode shown in FIG. 7, and includes an interlayer insulating film 7 and a p base layer 66. The dummy trench 68 and the exposed portion of the n ⁺ emitter region 6 are provided so as to cover. The gate electrodes 3c and 4c are connected to the gate wiring 53 at the ends in the extending direction (the vertical direction in the drawing in FIG. 4A and the longitudinal direction in the drawing in FIG. 4B).

According to the structure of FIG. 4, the n ⁺ emitter region 6 is provided in the surface of the p base layer 66 adjacent to only one side of each of the two trench gates 3 and 4 arranged close to each other and arranged side by side. More specifically, since the two trench gates 3 and 4 operate like one trench gate and the cross-sectional area of the gate electrode is substantially increased, the cross-sectional area of the gate electrode is more specifically the trench gate. 3 and the cross-sectional area of the gate electrode 4c of the trench gate 4 and the cross-sectional area of the gate electrode 3c and the gate electrode 4c of the trench gate 4 increase (in this case, about twice as much as in the prior art). Is done. For this reason, the difference in gate resistance between the IGBT cell 54 located near the gate wiring 53 and the IGBT cell 54 located away from the gate wiring 53 (for example, the central position between the gate wirings) is reduced. Therefore, the shunt unbalance at the time of turn-off in the IGBT cell 54 at a position close to the gate wiring 53 and a position away from the gate wiring 53 is improved, and current concentrates in the IGBT cell 54 at a position away from the gate wiring 53 and heat is generated. Since it is eliminated, it is possible to prevent a decrease in turn-off resistance.

Further, since each of the two trench gates 3 and 4 is provided with the n ⁺ emitter region 6 adjacent to only one side, an n channel is formed only on one side at the time of turn-on. Therefore, since the current loss at the time of a short circuit can be suppressed low, even if there is no dummy trench 68, it is possible to ensure a short circuit withstand capability. Further, the provision of the dummy trench 68 further improves the short-circuit tolerance.

  Accordingly, even when the interval between the gate wirings 53 is widened, a reduction in turn-off resistance is prevented by improving the shunt imbalance, so that the trench gate type that meets the demand for higher current and higher reliability is achieved. An IGBT can be obtained. Furthermore, since the short-circuit withstand capability is further improved by providing a dummy trench, a trench gate type IGBT that meets the demand for higher current and higher reliability can be obtained.

Embodiment 6
Embodiment 6 of the present invention will be described. 5A and 5B are a plan view and a partial cross-sectional view showing the AA cross section of the IGBT cell 54 shown in FIG. 7, and a trench gate which is a power semiconductor device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. 1 shows a cell structure of a type IGBT. Note that FIG. 5A shows the structure excluding the emitter electrode 51 for easy understanding. In FIG. 5, a p ⁺ collector layer 55 (first conductivity type first semiconductor layer), an n ⁺ buffer layer 56 (second conductivity type second semiconductor layer), and an n ⁻ layer 57 (second conductivity type). The third semiconductor layer), the emitter electrode 51 (first main electrode), the collector electrode 63 (second main electrode), and the p base layer 66 (first conductivity type fourth semiconductor layer) are shown in FIG. These are the same as or equivalent to those shown, and are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. Reference numeral 8 denotes a trench gate provided so as to reach the n ⁻ layer 57 from the surface of the p base layer 66. The trench gate 8 is a gate insulation made of an insulator such as an oxide film provided on the inner surface of the trench 8a and the trench 8a. The gate electrode 8c is formed of a conductor such as polysilicon provided so as to fill the film 8b and the gate insulating film 8b. 9 is an n ⁺ emitter region (first semiconductor region of the second conductivity type) provided in the surface of the p base layer 66 adjacent to only one side of the trench gate 8, and 10 is a part of the n ⁺ emitter region 9. The interlayer insulating film 51 is provided so as to cover the trench gate 8 and the emitter electrode 51 shown in FIG. 7 is provided so as to cover the exposed portions of the interlayer insulating film 10, the p base layer 66 and the n ⁺ emitter region 9. It has been. The gate electrode 8c is connected to the gate wiring 53 at the end in the extending direction (the vertical direction on the paper surface in FIG. 5A and the front-back direction on the paper surface in FIG. 5B).

According to the structure shown in FIG. 5, since the n ⁺ emitter region 9 is provided in the surface of the p base layer 66 adjacent to only one side of the trench gate 8, the current supplied to the trench gate 8 is larger than that of the conventional case. Therefore, the effective sectional area of the gate electrode 8c of the trench gate 8 is increased, and the gate resistance of the trench gate 8 is reduced as compared with the conventional case. Therefore, the difference in gate resistance between the IGBT cell 54 located near the gate wiring 53 and the IGBT cell 54 located away from the gate wiring 53 (for example, the central position between the gate wirings) is reduced. Therefore, the shunt unbalance at the time of turn-off in the IGBT cell 54 at a position close to the gate wiring 53 and a position away from the gate wiring 53 is improved, and current concentrates in the IGBT cell 54 at a position away from the gate wiring 53 and heat is generated. Since it is eliminated, it is possible to prevent a decrease in turn-off resistance.

Further, since n ⁺ emitter region 9 is provided adjacent to only one side of trench gate 8, n channel is formed only on one side at turn-on. Therefore, the current loss at the time of a short circuit can be suppressed low, and the short circuit tolerance can be ensured. Further, by providing the dummy trench 68 as shown in the fifth embodiment, it is possible to further improve the short-circuit resistance.

  Accordingly, even when the interval between the gate wirings 53 is widened, a reduction in turn-off resistance is prevented by improving the shunt imbalance, so that the trench gate type that meets the demand for higher current and higher reliability is achieved. An IGBT can be obtained. Furthermore, since the short-circuit withstand capability is further improved by providing a dummy trench, a trench gate type IGBT that meets the demand for higher current and higher reliability can be obtained.

Embodiment 7
In the sixth embodiment, the n ⁺ emitter region 9 is provided in the surface of the p base layer 66 adjacent to only one side of the trench gate 8. However, the n ⁺ emitter region 9 is provided only on one side of the trench gate 8. If this is provided, the same effect as in the sixth embodiment can be obtained. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the n ⁺ emitter region 9 is used as a first n ⁺ emitter region 9a and a second n ⁺ emitter region 9b having a predetermined length, and the extending direction of the trench gate 8 (FIG. 6 ( They may be alternately provided in the surface of the p base layer 66 adjacent to the vertical direction of the paper in a) and in the longitudinal direction of the paper in FIGS. 6B and 6C. 6 (a) is a plan view of the IGBT cell 54 shown in FIG. 7, and FIGS. 6 (b) and 6 (c) are cross-sectional views taken along line BB and CC in FIG. 6 (a). It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows a cross section. In FIG. 6, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIG. 5 of the sixth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

1 gate electrode, 1a polysilicon film, 1b doped polysilicon film, 50 IGBT chip, 51 emitter electrode, 52 gate pad, 53 gate wiring, 54 IGBT cell, 55 p ⁺ collector layer, 56 n ⁺ buffer layer, 57 n ⁻ Layer, 58 p base region, 59 n ⁺ emitter region, 60 gate insulating film, 61 gate electrode, 62 interlayer insulating film, 63 collector electrode.

Claims (6)

A first semiconductor layer of a first conductivity type;
A second semiconductor layer of a second conductivity type provided on one surface of the first semiconductor layer;
A third semiconductor layer of a second conductivity type provided on the second semiconductor layer;
A fourth semiconductor layer of a first conductivity type provided on the third semiconductor layer;
A trench, and a gate insulating film provided on the inner surface of the trench, arranged close to each other and arranged in parallel so that the bottom of the fourth semiconductor layer reaches the inside of the third semiconductor layer from the surface of the fourth semiconductor layer; , Two trench gates composed of gate electrodes provided so as to fill the inside of the gate insulating film,
A first semiconductor region of a second conductivity type provided in a surface of the fourth semiconductor layer adjacent to only one side of each of the two trench gates;
A first main electrode provided on the fourth semiconductor layer and electrically connected to the first semiconductor region;
A second main electrode provided on the other surface of the first semiconductor layer;
A power semiconductor device comprising: The power semiconductor device according to claim 1,
The power semiconductor device, wherein the first semiconductor region is provided on both outer sides of the two trench gates. The power semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein:
The power semiconductor device further includes a trench provided so that a bottom portion thereof reaches from the surface of the fourth semiconductor layer into the third semiconductor layer, and an insulating film provided on an inner surface of the trench, A power semiconductor device comprising a dummy trench comprising a dummy electrode provided so as to fill the inside of the insulating film and electrically connected to the first main electrode. A first semiconductor layer of a first conductivity type;
A second semiconductor layer of a second conductivity type provided on one surface of the first semiconductor layer;
A third semiconductor layer of a second conductivity type provided on the second semiconductor layer;
A fourth semiconductor layer of a first conductivity type provided on the third semiconductor layer;
A trench provided so that the bottom of the fourth semiconductor layer reaches the inside of the third semiconductor layer; a gate insulating film provided on an inner surface of the trench; and an interior of the gate insulating film Trench gate consisting of a gate electrode provided to fill
A first semiconductor region of a second conductivity type provided in the surface of the fourth semiconductor layer adjacent to only one side of the trench gate;
A first main electrode provided on the fourth semiconductor layer and electrically connected to the first semiconductor region;
A second main electrode provided on the other surface of the first semiconductor layer;
A power semiconductor device comprising: The power semiconductor device according to claim 4,
The power semiconductor device, wherein the first semiconductor region has a predetermined length in the extending direction of the trench gate and is alternately provided in the extending direction. A power semiconductor device according to any one of claims 4 and 5,
The power semiconductor device further includes a trench provided so that a bottom portion thereof reaches from the surface of the fourth semiconductor layer into the third semiconductor layer, and an insulating film provided on an inner surface of the trench, A power semiconductor device comprising a dummy trench comprising a dummy electrode provided so as to fill the inside of the insulating film and electrically connected to the first main electrode.

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