JP2012012891A - Dust suppression apparatus and dust suppression method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable sufficient suppression of dust scattering at a work location while eliminating a worker for spraying water and saving water.SOLUTION: A dust suppression apparatus 130 suppresses dust scattering from a work location 102 of a job site 100. The apparatus includes: a discharge port 136B capable of spraying a foamy material 140 and water to the work location 102; a rotation-inclination mechanism capable of rotating and inclining the discharge port 136B vertically and horizontally relative to a position supporting the port; and a limiting mechanism capable of limiting spraying amount of the foamy material 140 and water from the discharge port 136B. The rotation-inclination mechanism and limiting mechanism are remotely controlled to spray the foamy material 140 and water from above the work location 102.

Description

  The present invention relates to a dust suppressing device and a dust suppressing method.

  At work sites where civil engineering work, construction work, dismantling work, and the like are performed, dust or the like (hereinafter referred to as dust) is often generated due to the nature of the work. In particular, in the demolition work of a building (all or a part), generation of dust at the work site is inevitable. If measures against dust are neglected, the work environment will be worsened and the dust will be scattered to the surroundings, causing discomfort to residents living in the vicinity of the site and possibly causing health damage. Therefore, various ideas have been made to suppress dust scattering associated with work.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, it is possible to spray a foaming mechanism capable of spraying foam (a liquid in which a gas such as air is contained therein) and spraying a fluid such as water to the working unit of the work machine. A fluid discharge mechanism. For this reason, in patent document 1, while scattering of the dust from a work location can be suppressed with fluids, such as water, the work location is surrounded beforehand by the foam-like material from a foam release mechanism in particular, and the scattering of dust by work is effective. Can be suppressed. Use of foam can save water and prevent flooding at the work site rather than simply taking measures against dust using water. Of course, since the foam and water are sprayed from the work machine, it is not necessary for the worker to spray the work site with the watering hose. That is, it is not necessary for the worker to sprinkle water, and it is not necessary for the worker to approach the work location. That is, it is not necessary to place an operator near the working part of the work machine, the operator can be prevented from being exposed to dust, and the worker's working environment can be made safer.

JP 2009-287296 A

  However, in particular, when a building is demolished in an urban area, there are many cases where the building to be demolished and the remaining building are extremely narrow and high-rise. For this reason, although scaffolding is built around the work site and cured with a curing sheet, the dust generated at the work site by the actual work machine is not scattered directly in the horizontal direction, but the dust rises up. There is a greater tendency to fly (increase) beyond the curing sheet to the surroundings. That is, in order to effectively suppress the scattering of dust while saving water, it is desirable to accurately surround the work site with a foam from above.

  Here, the bubble release mechanism and the fluid discharge mechanism of Patent Document 1 are fixedly provided at the central portion of the working portion of the work machine. For this reason, the work machine itself needs to be moved in order to accurately surround the work site from above with the foam. However, in urban areas, the range of movement of the work machine itself is restricted, and the arrangement relationship between the foam release mechanism and the work part is also restricted, so that the necessary area can be efficiently surrounded by the foam from above. Is expected to be difficult.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems and the like, and eliminates the need for a watering operator, and can effectively suppress the scattering of dust generated at the work site while saving water. It is another object of the present invention to provide a dust suppression method.

  The present invention is a dust suppressing device that suppresses the scattering of dust from a work site at a work site, and a discharge port capable of spraying foam and fluid to the work site, and a position where the device is supported. A rotation tilt mechanism capable of rotating and tilting the discharge port in the vertical direction and the left and right direction, and a limiting mechanism for restricting the amount of the foam and fluid sprayed from the discharge port, the rotation tilt mechanism and the By the remote control of the limiting mechanism, the foam and the fluid are dispersed from above the work location, thereby solving the problem.

  In the present invention, the discharge port for spraying the foam and the fluid to the work site sprays the foam and the fluid from the work site to the work site. For this reason, scattering of the dust generated at the work location can be effectively suppressed. At that time, the foam and the fluid are sprayed on the work site with a predetermined spraying amount within a predetermined range accurately by a rotation tilt mechanism and a limiting mechanism. For this reason, it is possible to save water by minimizing the amount of foam and fluid.

  And since a rotation inclination mechanism and a restriction mechanism are remotely controlled, arrangement | positioning of the watering worker to the work location vicinity which is a dust generation location is made unnecessary.

  In addition, when the discharge port is disposed above the work location, it is reliably sprayed to the work location with less foam and fluid than when the discharge port is disposed below the work location. be able to.

  In addition, when the said discharge port is provided separately with respect to the said foam and a fluid, and this foam and a fluid are each supplied by a separate system, both are supplied by a single system. There is no need for “switching” that is necessary in some cases. For this reason, the timing of spraying both can be freely operated, and it is possible to further shorten the working time and prevent dust from being scattered.

  When the rotary tilt mechanism is supported by a scaffold assembled around the work site, a member for supporting the rotary tilt mechanism is unnecessary, and the rotary tilt mechanism does not hinder the work, and further the scaffold. Dust scattered from the outside to the outside can be effectively suppressed.

  Furthermore, when the rotary tilting mechanism is supported by a working unit of a work machine that performs the work of generating dust at least at the work location, the discharge port is located in the vicinity of the work location as the work machine moves. Can be located. For this reason, since a foam and a fluid can be correctly sprayed to a work location by using a rotation tilt mechanism or the like, scattering of dust generated at the work location can be effectively suppressed. At the same time, the number of dust control devices of the present invention used at the work site can be reduced.

  In addition, when the foam or liquid from the discharge ports arranged at a plurality of different positions is sprayed on the same work location, the work location that is the source of dust is designated as foam or liquid. Can be surrounded from multiple angles. For this reason, scattering of dust can be suppressed more.

  The present invention is a dust suppressing method for suppressing scattering of dust from a work location on a work site, the step of disposing a discharge port capable of spraying foam and fluid at the work location, and remote control And spraying a predetermined amount of the foam or fluid over the work site from the discharge port to a predetermined range of the work site, and in the work site where the foam or fluid is sprayed, It can also be regarded as a dust suppression method characterized by including a step of performing an operation of generating dust.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes possible to suppress the scattering of the dust which generate | occur | produces in a work location effectively, making a watering worker unnecessary and water-saving.

The side view which shows an example which used the dust suppression apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention in the work site. Similarly, a schematic diagram of the discharge unit of the dust suppression device (A), a schematic diagram of the pump unit (B), and an overall schematic control block diagram (C) The top view which shows an example which used the dust suppression apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention in the work site.

  Hereinafter, an example of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  First, a work site where the dust suppression device according to the present embodiment is used will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a scaffold 120 is assembled around the work site 100, and a curing sheet 122 is attached to the outside of the scaffold 120. A building 104 is located on the work site 100 inside the scaffolding 120. The building 104 is dismantled by the work machine 110 from the work location 102 which is a contact portion of the foam 140 dispersed from the discharge unit 132 of the dust suppression device 130 described later. For example, the work machine 110 can be moved freely in an endless track. The work machine 110 is provided with a cab 112. From the cab 112, the working unit 118 provided at the tip of the arm 116 and the endless track can be freely operated. In the present embodiment, the working unit 118 is a crusher, and the working machine 110 is a so-called “crusher”. Note that an antenna 114 is disposed outside the cab 112, and the dust suppression device 130 can be remotely controlled by a portable transmitter (T) 113 (not shown) installed in the passenger compartment 112 (FIG. 2 ( C)). In addition, the work location 102 refers to a location where dust is directly generated by the dismantling of the work portion 118 including a portion where the work portion 118 is in direct contact with the building 104.

  Next, a schematic configuration of the dust suppressing device 130 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

  The dust suppression device 130 is a device that suppresses scattering of dust from the work location 102 of the work site 100. The dust suppression device 130 has a discharge port 136 </ b> B (FIG. 2) capable of spraying the foam 140 and water (fluid) at the work location 102, and a vertical and horizontal direction with respect to a position supported by its own scaffold 120. Are provided with a rotation tilt mechanism capable of rotating and tilting the discharge port 136B, and a limiting mechanism for limiting the amount of foam 140 and water sprayed from the discharge port 136B. And the dust suppression apparatus 130 can sprinkle the foam 140 and water from the work location 102 by remote control of a rotation inclination mechanism and a restriction mechanism. Hereinafter, the dust suppression device 130 will be described in detail.

  The dust suppression device 130 includes a discharge unit 132 and a pump unit 142, as shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 2A, the discharge unit 132 includes a fixed portion 134 and a dome-shaped movable portion 136 that is rotatable with respect to the fixed portion 134. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 (A), the fixing part 134 is fixed to the pipes constituting the scaffold 120 with attachment members 134A (fixed at two places in FIG. 2 (A)). The fixed unit 134 includes a portable receiver (R1) 134B, and the portable receiver (R1) 134B is provided with an antenna 134C. Further, as shown in FIG. 2C, the fixed unit 134 is provided with a first processing unit CPU1 and first to fourth motors M1 to M4, which are received by the portable receiver (R1) 134B. Based on the received signal, the first to fourth motors M1 to M4 are driven and controlled. Each of the first motor M1 and the second motor M2 operates an on-off valve that opens and closes a pipeline extending to the two discharge ports 136B. In other words, the first motor M1, the second motor M2, the on-off valve, and the like constitute a restriction mechanism that restricts the foam 140 and water from the discharge port 136B. The third motor M3 rotates the movable portion 136 relative to the fixed portion 134, and the fourth motor M4 tilts the discharge port 136 along the notch 136A provided in the movable portion 136. That is, a rotation inclination capable of rotating and inclining the discharge port 136B vertically and horizontally with respect to the position where the discharge unit 132 is supported from the fixed part 134, the movable part 136, the third motor M3, the fourth motor M4, and the like. The mechanism is configured. Two pipes 134D connected to a pump unit 142, which will be described later, are connected to the fixed portion 134. The two pipes 134D are each connected to an on-off valve.

  The discharge unit 132 is driven by a (rechargeable) battery so that it can be easily replaced when the scaffold 120 is inspected, and the support position on the scaffold 120 can be freely changed. The power supply may be connected to the machine and driven.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2B, the pump unit 142 is installed in a place where maintenance is relatively easy in the work site 100 where there is little environmental fluctuation, for example, on the ground away from the work place 102. . As shown in FIG. 2B, the pump unit 142 includes a compressor unit 144 and two tank chambers 146A and 146B. The compressor unit 144 includes a portable receiver (R2) (not shown), and an antenna 144C for the portable receiver (R2) is provided. Further, as shown in FIG. 2C, the compressor unit 144 is provided with a second processing unit CPU2, a fifth motor M5, and a sixth motor M6, and signals received by the portable receiver (R2). Based on this, the fifth motor M5 and the sixth motor M6 are driven and controlled. In other words, in this embodiment, the pump unit 142 constitutes a part of the limiting mechanism. The fifth motor M5 and the sixth motor M6 respectively feed the water filled in the two tank chambers 146A and 146B and the raw material of the foam 140 into the two pipes 134D while adjusting the pressure. In addition, it is set as the structure (illustration omitted) which inhales air, for example in the discharge port 136B in the case of discharge | release of the raw material of the foam 140. FIG. For this reason, the raw material of the foam 140 is synthesize | combined from the liquid to the foam 140 when it discharge | releases from the discharge port 136B. That is, in the present embodiment, a large amount of foam 140 can be discharged (spread) from the discharge port 136B vigorously. The pump unit 142 is driven by a power source connected to a generator (not shown), for example.

  Next, a dust suppression method using the dust suppression device 130 will be described mainly with reference to FIG.

  First, the scaffold 120 is configured so as to surround an area necessary for dismantling the building 104 that is the work site 100 (including an area for relocation of the work machine 110), and a curing sheet 122 is attached to the outside thereof. Here, the height of the scaffold 120 is always configured to be higher than the height of the building 104 to be demolished. And the discharge port 136B of the discharge | emission unit 132 is arrange | positioned so that it may become higher than the building 104 to be demolished. The number and intervals of the discharge units 132 are determined by the flying distance of the foam 140 discharged (sprayed) from the discharge unit 132 and the amount of water sprayed per hour.

  Next, one or more discharge units 132 in the vicinity thereof are operated by an operator in the cab 112 by remote control toward a part (working place 102) to be disassembled by the working unit 118 of the work machine 110. Then, the foam 140 is placed in a predetermined range from above the work location 102 by the discharge port 136B (for example, even if the work part 118 is not in direct contact with the work part 118 and includes a range where dust is likely to be generated). A predetermined amount (an amount more than effective for suppressing dust scattering) is sprayed on the surface. At this time, water may be simultaneously sprayed together with the foam 140 due to wind and humidity.

  Next, an operation for generating dust is performed in the work portion 102 where the foam 140 or water is dispersed. That is, the work unit 118 is brought into contact with the work location 102 to perform disassembly. At this time, by continuously spraying the foam 140 or water from the discharge unit 132, it is possible to effectively suppress dust scattering. In addition, in order to confirm whether or not the dismantling of the target work location 102 has been achieved, the spraying of the foam 140 may be temporarily stopped and the foam 140 may be lost with water.

  When the dismantling of the work location 102 is achieved, the work section is moved toward the next work location 102. At the same time or before, the corresponding discharge unit 132 is operated, and the next work location 102 is disassembled by the work unit 118. By repeating this, dismantling can be proceeded promptly from the upper floor of the high-rise building 104. It should be noted that the dismantling of the building 104 has progressed, and there is a large difference from the height of the discharge unit 132 to which the work location 102 is initially fixed, so that the foam 140 and water cannot be accurately sprayed on the work location 102. If there is, the discharge unit 132 is fixed again at an appropriate height.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the discharge port 136 </ b> B for spraying the foam 140 and water to the work place 102 sprays the foam 140 and water from the work place 102 to the work place 102. For this reason, scattering of the dust generated at the work location 102 can be effectively suppressed. At that time, the foam 140 and the water are sprayed on the work site with a predetermined spraying amount within a predetermined range accurately by a rotation tilt mechanism and a limiting mechanism. For this reason, the amount of water used can be greatly reduced and water can be saved as compared with the case where the foam 140 and water are made the minimum necessary, that is, only water spraying is performed.

  The dust suppression device 130 is attached to the scaffold 120 instead of the work machine 110. That is, the operation of the dust suppression device 130 can be performed independently of the operation of the work machine 110. For this reason, it is possible to quickly surround the work location 102 with the foam 140 in advance, and the dismantling work can be performed in a shorter time than when one dust suppression device is mounted on the work machine 110. While proceeding, it is possible to effectively suppress dust scattering.

  Further, when it is desired to temporarily remove the foam 140, water can be sprayed so that the foam 140 surrounding the work site 102 can be partially (or entirely) removed. . For example, when only a specific part of the building 104 is dismantled, the position and the like can be easily reconfirmed during the work.

  And since a rotation inclination mechanism and a restriction mechanism are remotely controlled, arrangement | positioning of the watering worker to the work location 102 vicinity which is a dust generation location is made unnecessary. That is, there is no watering work by the worker from the high scaffold 120, and the worker's occupational safety can be ensured and the work environment can be improved as a result. Furthermore, since the risk to workers can be reduced, the cost for handling accidents such as insurance can be reduced.

  Since the discharge port 136B is disposed above the work location 102, it is reliably sprayed to the work location 102 with less foam 140 and water than when the discharge port is disposed below the work location. can do.

  Moreover, since the discharge port 136B is separately provided with respect to the foam 140 and water, and the foam 140 and water are each supplied by a separate system, when supplying both by a single system, Necessary “switching” is unnecessary. For this reason, the timing of spraying both can be freely operated, and it is possible to further shorten the working time and prevent dust from being scattered. At the same time, the combination of the two raw materials is not limited, and an optimum combination for suppressing dust scattering can be obtained.

  Further, since the rotation tilt mechanism of the discharge unit 132 is supported by the scaffold 120 assembled around the work site 100, a member for fixing the rotation tilt mechanism is unnecessary. And the dust which scatters outside from the scaffold 120 can be effectively suppressed, without a rotation inclination mechanism inhibiting work.

  In addition, since the foam 140 or water from the discharge ports 136B arranged at a plurality of different positions is sprayed on the same work location 102, the work location 102 that is the source of the dust is designated as the foam 140 or water. Can be surrounded from multiple angles. For this reason, scattering of dust can be suppressed more.

  That is, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to eliminate the need for a watering operator and effectively suppress the scattering of dust generated at the work location 102 while saving water.

  Although the present invention has been described with reference to the first embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the first embodiment. That is, it goes without saying that improvements and design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

  For example, in the first embodiment, the discharge port 136B is disposed above the work location 102, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, even if the discharge port is located at the same height as or below the work site, foam or water can be sprayed from above the work site by the rotation tilt mechanism and the limiting mechanism, and dust can be scattered accordingly. Can be suppressed.

  Further, in the first embodiment, the discharge port 136B is provided separately for the foam 140 and water, and the foam 140 and water are supplied separately from each other. It is not limited to. For example, when the foam and water are supplied in the same system, the discharge unit and the pump unit can reduce the number of components, so that the dust suppression device can be reduced in size and cost.

  In the first embodiment, there is one work machine 110 in the work site 100, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of work machines may be used. For example, as in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the two work machines 210 </ b> A and 210 </ b> B may be dismantled independently at separate work locations 202 </ b> A and 202 </ b> B of the building 204. In the case shown in FIG. 3, 13 discharge units 232A to 232N are arranged, three discharge units 232C to 232E are operated for the work location 202A, and 2 discharges are performed for the work location 202B. Units 232M to 232N are operating. And the other discharge | release unit has stopped and it can suppress scattering of dust efficiently, saving water.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the discharge | release unit was supported only by the scaffold, this invention is not limited to this. For example, an independent column may be formed by a pipe or the like, and the discharge unit may be supported thereon. In that case, for example, in the space between the scaffolds, a dust suppression device is used to suppress the scattering of dust in the dismantling of part of the structure of the building and the crushing of the structure after the dismantling You can also

  Alternatively, the rotation tilt mechanism of the discharge unit may be supported by a working unit of a work machine that performs the work of generating the dust at least at the work location. In that case, the discharge port can be positioned in the immediate vicinity of the work location as the work machine moves. For this reason, since a foam and water can be correctly sprayed to a work location with a rotation tilt mechanism, scattering of dust generated at the work location can be effectively suppressed. At the same time, the number of dust suppression devices used at the work site can be reduced. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the control load of the dust control device, and to suppress dust scattering at a lower cost.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the foam or the liquid from the discharge port arrange | positioned in the several different position was sprayed to the same operation | work location, this invention is not limited to this. For example, when foam or water is sprayed from only one discharge port to one work site, the control of the discharge port can be simplified, and the operation burden on the operator can be reduced.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although one pump unit was connected and the pump unit was remotely controlled with respect to one discharge | release unit, this invention is not limited to this. For example, a plurality of discharge units may be connected in parallel to a single pump unit, or may be connected in series (for example, in the case of parallel use, a plurality of discharge units arranged in a plane are also used. Although it is a structure, it becomes a structure arrange | positioned along with the height direction of a scaffold in the case of series. Or you may eliminate the compressor part with respect to water at least, and may connect to the faucet of water supply directly. Alternatively, at the start of work, the compressor unit may be kept operating and not remotely controlled. In that case, since the control of the dust suppressing device can be simplified and the number of parts can be reduced, the cost reduction of the dust suppressing device can be promoted.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although water was used as a fluid, this invention is not limited to this. For example, the fluid may be air, and in that case, the foam can be eliminated, and the effect of saving water can be further enhanced. Alternatively, the fluid may be a mixture of air and powder or a mixture of water and powder.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the foam was synthesize | combined at the discharge port, this invention is not limited to this, You may make it hold | maintain a foam in a tank chamber. Alternatively, the foam may be synthesized in the tank chamber.

  In the above embodiment, a so-called “crusher” is described as an example of the work machine, but the application of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the same effect can be obtained when applied to a pile driver, pile remover, bulldozer, tractor excavator, power shovel, backhoe, drag line, clam shell, crawler drill, earth drill, crane, road cutter, breaker, etc. Can do. In short, the present invention can be widely applied to work machines that perform work that may generate dust in civil engineering work, construction work, and dismantling work.

  The present invention can be used at work sites where dust is generated, such as civil engineering work, construction work, and dismantling work, and is particularly suitable for dismantling work and repair work of solid structures.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100, 200 ... Work site 102, 202A, 202B ... Work location 104, 204 ... Building 110, 210A, 210B ... Work machine 112 ... Driver's cab 113 ... Portable transmitter 114, 134C, 144C ... Antenna 116 ... Arm 118 ... Work Part 120, 220 ... Scaffold 122 ... Curing sheet 130 ... Dust control device 132, 232A to 232N ... Release unit 134 ... Fixed part 134A ... Mounting member 134B ... Portable receiver 134D ... Pipe 136 ... Movable part 136A ... Notch part 136B ... Discharge port 140 ... Foam 142 ... Pump unit 144 ... Compressor part 146A, 146B ... Tank part

Claims (7)

It is a dust suppression device that suppresses the scattering of dust from the work site of the work site,
A discharge port capable of spraying foam and fluid to the work site;
A rotation tilt mechanism capable of rotating and tilting the discharge port in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction with respect to the position where it is supported;
A restriction mechanism that restricts the amount of foam and the amount of fluid sprayed from the discharge port,
The dust suppression device, wherein the foam and the fluid are sprayed from above the work site by remote control of the rotating and tilting mechanism and the limiting mechanism. In claim 1,
The discharge port is disposed above the work location. In claim 1 or 2,
The discharge port is provided separately for the foam and the fluid, and the foam and the fluid are supplied separately from each other. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3,
The rotary tilt mechanism is supported by a scaffold assembled around the work site. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4, Furthermore,
The rotation tilt mechanism is supported by a working unit of a work machine that performs work for generating dust at least at the work location. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 5,
The dust suppressing device, wherein the foam or liquid from the discharge port disposed at a plurality of different positions is sprayed on the same work location. A dust suppression method for suppressing dust scattering from a work site on a work site,
Arranging a discharge port capable of spraying foam and fluid at the work location;
Spraying a predetermined amount of the foam or fluid from the discharge port on the work site by remote control over a predetermined range of the work site;
A step of performing an operation of generating the dust in the work location where the foam or fluid is dispersed;
A dust suppression method comprising:

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