JP2011504535A - 結合体化されたβ−1,3−結合グルカン - Google Patents
結合体化されたβ−1,3−結合グルカン Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011504535A JP2011504535A JP2010534566A JP2010534566A JP2011504535A JP 2011504535 A JP2011504535 A JP 2011504535A JP 2010534566 A JP2010534566 A JP 2010534566A JP 2010534566 A JP2010534566 A JP 2010534566A JP 2011504535 A JP2011504535 A JP 2011504535A
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- glucan
- linked
- residues
- conjugate
- curdlan
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Abstract
Description
真菌感染は、いくつかの臨床場面において、特に、免疫無防備状態の患者において流行する。このような真菌に対する治療用および予防用ワクチン接種において、抗真菌薬、特にアゾール系のものに対する耐性の発現への関心が高まっている[1(非特許文献1)]。真菌病原体の中でも、Candida albicansは、最も流行性のものの1つである。この生物体は、ヒトにおいて広く見られる日和見感染症の主要因子の1つであり、カンジダ症(これは、通常患者および免疫無防備状態の患者の両方に見られる状態)を引き起こす。抗カンジダワクチンを提供する試みが数例行なわれた。
本発明は、医薬における使用のためのグルカンに関する。本発明のグルカンは、(i)排他的にβ−1,3−結合グルコース残基を有するか、または(ii)β−1,3−結合グルコース残基およびβ−1,6−結合グルコース残基の両方を含むかのいずれかであり得る、ただし、β−1,6−結合残基に対するβ−1,3−結合残基の比が少なくとも8:1である、および/またはβ−1,3結合のみによって他の残基に連結された少なくとも5つの隣接する非末端残基の配列が1つ以上存在するものとする。特に、グルカンは、(i)排他的にβ−1,3−結合グルコース残基を有するか、または(ii)β−1,3−結合グルコース残基およびβ−1,6−結合グルコース残基の両方を含むかのいずれかであり得る、ただし、β−1,6−結合残基に対するβ−1,3−結合残基の比が少なくとも8:1であるものとする。一実施形態において、グルカンは、排他的に1,3結合を有する線状β−D−グルコピラノースである。グルカンは、カードラン、パラミロン(paramylon)、またはその断片であり得る。グルカンは、カードランの加水分解断片であり得る。特定の実施形態において、グルカンは、2〜60個のグルコース単糖単位を有する。グルカンは、免疫原としての使用のためのものであり得る。特に、グルカンは、例えば、C.albicansに対する防御的抗体応答の提供における使用のためのものであり得る。
参考文献3および5で使用されている市販のβ−グルカンは、ラミナリンおよびプスツランであった。ラミナリンは、褐藻類および海草類に見られ、一部β−1,6分枝を有するβ−1,3グルカンである。β(1−3):β(1−6)比は、供給源が異なると異なり、例えば、Eisenia bicyclisのラミナリンでは3:2と小さいが、Laminaria digititataのラミナリンでは7:1と大きい[6]。プスツランは、Umbilicaria papullosa由来の非真菌線状β−1,6−結合グルカンである。スクレログルカン(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)およびスキゾフィランなどの他のグルカンは、3:1のβ(1−3):β(1−6)比を有する。(参考文献7の表2参照)。他の天然の混合型β−グルカンとしては、レンチナンおよびソニフィランが挙げられる。
本発明では、D−グルコース残基間にβ−1,3結合を排他的に、または主として有するグルカンが使用される。グルカンは、好ましくは線状である。
を有するグルカンが、本発明における使用に具体的に想定される。
純粋なβ−グルカンは免疫原として不充分である。したがって、防御的有効性のため、β−グルカンは、グルカン−担体結合体として免疫系に提示され得る。炭水化物抗原の免疫原性を高めるための担体タンパク質との結合体化の使用は、よく知られており[例えば、参考文献27〜35などに概説]、特に、小児科用ワクチンに使用される[36]。
を有する結合体が、本発明における使用に具体的に想定される。
本発明は、(a)本発明のグルカンまたは結合体、(b)薬学的に許容され得る担体を含む医薬組成物を提供する。かかる担体の充分な論考は、参考文献80において入手可能である。
を有するもの、またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩もしくは誘導体。例としては、限定されないが、カスアリン、カスアリン−6−α−D−グルコピラノース、3−エピ−カスアリン、7−エピ−カスアリン、3,7−ジエピ−カスアリンなどが挙げられる。
・置換型尿素あるいは式I、IIもしくはIIIの化合物、またはその塩:
また、本発明は、医薬における使用のための、例えば、哺乳動物の抗体応答を惹起することにおける使用のための、本発明のグルカンまたは結合体を提供する。
用語「を含む(comprising)」は、「を含む(including)」ならびに「からなる(consisting)」を包含し、例えば、X「を含む」組成物は、排他的にXからなるものであってもよく、何か付加的なものを含むもの(例えば、X+Y)であってもよい。
カードラン結合体化(1)
>100kDaの初期MWを有するカードランを、DMSO中HCl(0.5M)を用いた酸加水分解により、85℃で10分間処理した。この加水分解生成物は、25単位前後のDPを有していた。
合成カードラン(15−mer)およびラミナリン(17−mer)結合体を、図3に記載の方法にしたがって調製した。簡単には、表示した合成オリゴ糖を蒸留水中で、40mMのアミノ基濃度で可溶化させた。次いで、9容量のDMSOを添加した後、トリエチルアミンを最終濃度200mMまで添加した。15mer−C6β(1−3)−CRM結合体では、グルタル酸N−ヒドロキシスクシンイミドジエステルを、最終濃度240mMまで添加した。15mer−C6β(1−3)−CRMおよび17mer−C6β(1−3)−CRMの結合体では、アジピン酸N−ヒドロキシスクシンイミドジエステルを、最終濃度480mMまで添加した。次いで、この活性化オリゴ糖を、80%v/vジオキサンを用いた沈降によって精製した。各反応で生成したエステル基の数を、放出されたNヒドロキシスクシンイミド基の量を測定することにより概算した。次いで、乾燥させた活性化オリゴ糖を、30mg/mLのCRM197溶液(10mMリン酸緩衝液(pH7.2)中)に添加した。反応液を攪拌下、室温で一晩維持した。最終物質は、タンパク質1molあたりのN−ヒドロキシスクシンイミドエステルのmolに関して約50:1の比を有していた。
カードラン結合体化(1)に記載のようにして調製したカードラン結合体を免疫原性試験においてマウスに投与し、先行技術において報告されたようにして(例えば、参考文献174および175の場合のようにして)調製したラミナリン−CRM197結合体と比較した。カードラン結合体の2つ以上のロットを試験した。
さらなる実験では、免疫原性試験(1)に記載のようにして調製したラミナリン結合体およびカードラン結合体に、アジュバントとしてα−ガラクトシルセラミド(100ng)またはLT−K63(2μg)もまた、単独または他のアジュバントとの併用のいずれかで加えた。また、CpGアジュバントも、3つの異なる用量(0.5μg、5μgおよび10μg)で試験した。詳細は、1群あたり8匹のマウスとしたこと以外は、先の免疫原性試験の場合と同様にした。結果を表2に示す。
さらなる研究において、CRM197または破傷風トキソイドのいずれかに結合体化させたラミナリンまたはカードランを、種々の個々のアジュバントおよび併用アジュバントと合わせ、マウスに皮下または腹腔内投与によって投与した。結合体は、免疫原性試験(1)に記載のようにして調製した。
別の試験において、CRM197に結合体化したラミナリンまたはカードランを、異なる用量の糖を用いてマウスに投与した。結合体は、免疫原性試験(1)に記載のようにして調製した。
別の試験において、結合体化(2)に記載のようにして調製した結合体およびCRM197に結合体化したラミナリンを、種々の個々のアジュバントおよび併用アジュバントと合わせ、マウスに腹腔内投与によって投与した。CRM197に結合体化したラミナリンは、結合体化前にアミノ化工程なしで調製したCRM197に対するラミナリンの代替ロット(ロット11AD)以外は、免疫原性試験(1)に記載のようにして調製した。
別の試験において、MF59アジュバントと合わせたCRM197に結合体化されたグルカンを受けたマウスが、C.albicansでの抗原刺激に対して生存する能力を試験した。結合体は、免疫原性試験(1)に記載のようにして調製した。
・第0日目−皮下投与による初回用量
・第14日目−腹腔内投与による2回目の用量
・第28日目−腹腔内投与による3回目の用量
・第35日目−採血
・第40日目−マウス1匹あたり、静脈内投与による5.0×l05(ラミナリン結合体での免疫処置後)または2.5×105(カードラン結合体での免疫処置後)のC.albicans菌株BP細胞(0.2mlのPBS中)の真菌抗原刺激
とした。
同様の試験において、MF59アジュバントと合わせたCRM197に結合体化された合成グルカンを受けたマウスが、C.albicansでの抗原刺激に対して生存する能力を試験した。結合体は、結合体化(2)に記載のようにして調製した。この試験では、真菌抗原刺激は、5.0×l05細胞の静脈内投与によるものとした。
Claims (18)
- 医薬における使用のためのグルカンであって、該グルカンは、(i)排他的にβ−1,3−結合グルコース残基を有するか、または(ii)β−1,3−結合グルコース残基およびβ−1,6−結合グルコース残基の両方を含むかのいずれかである、ただし、β−1,6−結合残基に対するβ−1,3−結合残基の比が少なくとも8:1である、および/またはβ−1,3結合のみによって他の残基に連結された少なくとも5つの隣接する非末端残基の配列が1つ以上存在する、グルカン。
- (i)排他的にβ−1,3−結合グルコース残基を有するか、または(ii)β−1,3−結合グルコース残基およびβ−1,6−結合グルコース残基の両方を含むかのいずれかである、ただし、β−1,6−結合残基に対するβ−1,3−結合残基の比が少なくとも8:1である、請求項1に記載のグルカン。
- 前記グルカンが、排他的に1,3結合を有する線状β−D−グルコピラノース、請求項1または2に記載のグルカン。
- カードラン、パラミロン、またはその断片である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のグルカン。
- カードランの加水分解断片である、請求項3に記載のグルカン。
- 2〜60個のグルコース単糖単位を有する、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のグルカン。
- 単一の分子種である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のグルカン。
- 下記の構造:
- n+2=15である、請求項8に記載のグルカン。
- 免疫原としての使用のためのものである、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載のグルカン。
- 防御的抗体応答の提供における使用のためのものである、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載のグルカン。
- 担体分子に連結された請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載のグルカンを含む結合体。
- 前記担体分子が細菌毒素またはその非毒性誘導体である、請求項12に記載の結合体。
- 前記担体がCRM197である、請求項13に記載の結合体。
- 請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載のグルカンまたは結合体を、薬学的に許容され得る担体との組み合わせで含む医薬組成物。
- 免疫原性組成物である、請求項15に記載の組成物。
- アジュバントを含む、請求項16に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1〜17のいずれか一項に記載のグルカン、結合体または医薬組成物を哺乳動物に投与することを含む、哺乳動物における免疫応答を惹起するための方法。
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CA2706620C (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2018-02-27 | Novartis Ag | Conjugated beta-1,3-linked glucans |
CA2865124C (en) | 2012-02-22 | 2020-07-14 | Algal Scientific Corporation | Animal feed compositions and methods of using the same |
US10130099B2 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2018-11-20 | Kemin Industries, Inc. | Modulation of plant immune system function |
US9901606B2 (en) | 2016-06-09 | 2018-02-27 | Algaeon, Inc. | Euglena lysate composition |
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JP2011504487A (ja) * | 2007-11-26 | 2011-02-10 | ノバルティス アーゲー | アジュバント添加されたグルカン |
WO2015053354A1 (ja) * | 2013-10-09 | 2015-04-16 | 東レ株式会社 | 免疫賦活化剤 |
JPWO2015053354A1 (ja) * | 2013-10-09 | 2017-03-09 | 東レ株式会社 | 免疫賦活化剤 |
US10556004B2 (en) | 2013-10-09 | 2020-02-11 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Immunopotentiator |
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ES2599908T3 (es) | 2017-02-06 |
CA2706620C (en) | 2018-02-27 |
WO2009068996A2 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
JP5572097B2 (ja) | 2014-08-13 |
US20110045015A1 (en) | 2011-02-24 |
US9439955B2 (en) | 2016-09-13 |
WO2009068996A3 (en) | 2009-12-23 |
CA2706620A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
EP2224933A2 (en) | 2010-09-08 |
EP2224933B1 (en) | 2016-08-03 |
US20130315960A1 (en) | 2013-11-28 |
US9439954B2 (en) | 2016-09-13 |
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