JP2011195253A - Sheave wear amount measuring device for elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sheave wear amount measuring device for an elevator, having simple construction for accurately measuring the wear amount of a sheave groove.SOLUTION: The sheave wear amount measuring device for the elevator includes a hoisting machine having a sheave 4 having a grooved portion on which a hoisting rope 6 for suspending a car 8 is wound, and a motor 2 for rotating the sheave 4, a car position detecting means 18a for detecting the rotation amount of the sheave 4 and detecting a car position from the rotation amount, a landing detecting device 9 provided on the car 8, a referred means 11 to be referred to the inside of a shaft 7 by the landing detecting device 9, a storage means 17 for storing a shaft position of the referred means 11, a sheave rotation amount detecting means 19 for detecting that the car 8 moves a predetermined reference distance, from the shaft position and the car position, and detecting the rotation amount of the sheave 4 produced during a time when the car 8 travels the reference distance, and a calculating means 18 for estimating and computing the wear amount of the grooved portion of the sheave 4 from the rotation amount of the sheave 4.

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator sheave wear amount measuring apparatus.

  The elevator is composed of a hoisting machine and sheave as a driving source, an elevator car room, a counterweight (C / W), and a plurality of ropes connecting both the car and the counterweight. Is suspended by a sheave, and the car moves up and down by the rotational movement of the sheave. Further, a sheave groove is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the sheave to exert a frictional force between the rope and the sheave.

  However, the sheave groove provided in the sheave gradually wears due to contact with the rope for many years. As wear progresses, the frictional force between the rope and the sheave decreases, and the sheave groove cannot absorb the difference in weight between the car and the counterweight. As a result, slipping occurs in the rope, so management of the sheave groove is one of the important inspection items.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a sheave wear amount measuring device that enables measurement of a minute wear amount of a groove of a sheave is known (see Patent Document 1). When the conventional wear amount measuring apparatus shown in FIG. 9 is completed, an elevator travels between specific floors, and the rotation value of the sheave at this time and the cumulative operation time of the elevator are stored in the storage means, and after one year The same measurement is performed and the rotation value is stored. The calculation means calculates each diameter (effective diameter) of the sheave from each rotation value, the wear amount calculation means calculates the wear amount of the groove, the life estimation means estimates the life, and the remaining amount of the sheave groove portion from the effective diameter Is calculated (see FIG. 9). There is also known an elevator position detection factor automatic adjustment device that can correct the travel distance per sheave rotation even if the sheave rotation radius becomes smaller due to secular change (see Patent Document 2).

  By the way, in the operation of the elevator, in order to keep the acceleration / deceleration at the time of elevator traveling below a predetermined standard, the operation is performed when the deceleration becomes a certain value or less during the final deceleration before reaching the target floor. Control such as stopping is often performed.

  In this control, since the target value of the control is acceleration, the car position in the height direction slightly deviates from the target position every time. The degree of the magnitude of this deviation is usually about ± several tens of millimeters of the elevator car relative to the height of each floor on the hall side. In principle, a predetermined distance is calculated from the rotation angle of the motor shaft of the hoisting motor when the elevator travels, and measurement of the sheave groove (= measurement of the effective sheave diameter) is performed using this distance. This deviation is an immediate measurement error. When the elevator travels a long distance to some extent, this deviation can be considered small.

JP-A-5-139644 JP 2004-168531 A

  However, as a first problem, in the prior art, when the elevator travels for a short distance, for example, when the elevator is hung in a station building or a low-rise building, the measurement error of the sheave groove is so large that it cannot be ignored. . For example, assuming that the sheave diameter is 200 mm, the moving distance of the car is 3 m, the error when the elevator stops is 50 mm, and the diagnosis result of the amount of wear of the groove portion when diagnosing using a measurement device carried by a person, Even if the sheave groove is not worn, an error of 1.5 mm or more occurs. Usually, the order of the groove depth of the sheave groove or the distance between the groove bottom and the outer periphery of the rope in the sheave groove with an undercut is about several mm (about 2 to 3 mm). For this reason, the presence of an error of 1.5 mm or more in the measured value of the sheave groove is fatal.

  As a second problem, the conventional technique has a problem of aging of the rope, particularly an initial elongation. The initial elongation refers to the state where the entire length of the rope extends over several months to several years after the elevator is installed. While this rope elongation occurs, the rope diameter gradually decreases.

  FIG. 10A shows a sectional view of the sheave and rope in the initial state. FIG. 10B shows a cross-sectional view of the sheave and the rope in a state after change with time. In the figure, a rope 103 is engaged with a groove 102 formed on the outer peripheral surface 101 of the sheave. As shown in FIG. 10A, most of the new ropes 103 are made slightly thicker than the rated rope diameter. Therefore, it floats from the groove surface of the rope groove 102 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the sheave 101. As the elevator is operated for a while from this state, tension is applied to the rope by the loading load of the car and the counterweight, and the diameter of the rope gradually decreases. At the time when the initial stretched state is finished, the rope 103 fits in the normal position in the rope groove 102 as shown in FIG. After this, a slight change in the rope diameter (thinning) continues until the end of the life of the rope, but the amount of change in the rope diameter due to this narrowing is smaller than the amount of change at the initial change of the same rope. .

  Sheave groove wear diagnosis is performed based on measurement of the effective diameter of the sheave. The effective diameter of the sheave is the distance between the center positions of the ropes applied to the both ends of the sheave outer peripheral surface in the contact portion between the sheave outer peripheral surface and the rope outer peripheral surface. If the sheave state around which the rope 103 in the initial state is wound is defined as the initial sheave state, it is determined that the sheave groove wear has progressed even though the sheave groove wear amount is 0 in this initial sheave state. Then, as shown in FIG. 13B, it is diagnosed that the rope 103 is wound around the sheave with the rope center displaced toward the sheave center axis. This causes a diagnostic error.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an elevator sheave wear amount measuring device that can accurately measure the wear amount of a sheave groove with a simple configuration.

  In order to solve such problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, a sheave having a groove on which a hoisting rope for suspending the car is wound, and a sheave according to the elevator hoistway, and the sheave A hoisting machine having a motor for rotating the hoisting machine, a car position detecting means for detecting the car position of the car by detecting the rotation amount of the sheave of the hoisting machine and detecting the car position of the car based on the rotation quantity, and the car A landing detection device, a plurality of reference means in the hoistway referred to by the landing detection device when facing each of the landing detection devices, and elevating of the reference means in the hoistway Detecting that the car has moved a predetermined reference distance from the storage means for storing the road position, the hoistway position of the storage means, and the car position from the car position detecting means; But A sheave rotation amount detecting means for detecting the amount of rotation of the sheave generated while traveling the reference distance of, and a groove portion of the sheave according to the rotation amount of the sheave from the sheave rotation amount detecting means. There is provided an elevator sheave wear amount measuring device for an elevator, comprising: a calculating means for estimating and calculating the wear amount of the elevator.

  Further, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a sheave having a groove around which a hoisting rope for suspending the car is wound, and a motor for rotating the sheave. A hoisting machine having a hoisting machine rotation amount detecting means for outputting a pulse signal corresponding to the number of revolutions of the sheave of the hoisting machine, and the raising / lowering operation of the car independently of driving by the hoisting machine And a governor device having a governor sheave around which the governor rope is wound, a governor rotation amount detecting means for outputting a pulse signal according to the rotation speed of the governor sheave of the governor device, and the governor rotation amount The ratio of the number of pulses of the pulse signal from the detecting means and the number of pulses of the pulse signal from the hoisting machine rotation amount detecting means is calculated, and the groove portion of the sheave of the hoisting machine is calculated from this ratio. A calculation means for estimating a wear amount, sheave wear amount measuring device for an elevator, characterized in that it comprises a are provided.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to accurately measure the wear amount of the sheave groove with a simple configuration.

1 is an overall schematic diagram of an elevator sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the detection method of the travel distance of a car. It is a functional block diagram of the calculation means of FIG. It is a principal part block diagram of the sheave wear amount measuring apparatus of the elevator which concerns on the modification of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a whole schematic diagram of the elevator sheave wear amount measuring apparatus of the elevator concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is a functional block diagram of the calculation means of FIG. It is a functional block diagram of the calculation means of the sheave wear amount measuring apparatus for elevators according to the third embodiment of the present invention. It is a diagram which shows transition of the value with time of the effective diameter of a sheave in the sheave wear amount measuring apparatus for elevator sheaves according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram of the sheave wear amount measuring device of the conventional example. (A) is sectional drawing of the sheave and rope of an initial state, (b) is sectional drawing of the sheave and rope of the state after a change with time.

  Hereinafter, an elevator sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8. In the drawings, the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

(First embodiment)
The elevator sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention causes a car to travel between two floors selected in advance as a measurement target, and between the floors of these floors. This device detects the amount of sheave rotation while the car is traveling a distance, and estimates the wear amount of the sheave groove. The sheave wear measuring device measures the effective diameter of the sheave around which the hoisting rope is wound by using this rotation amount, and the effective wear of the groove surface of the sheave groove into which the hoisting rope is fitted. Measure the amount.

  The amount of sheave groove wear refers to the distance that the center of the rope diameter of the hoisting rope is displaced toward the center of the sheave radial direction. For example, wear of one sheave groove having a round groove or V groove means that the groove surface constituting the one groove, the bottom of the groove surface or the groove wall is scraped, and the round groove or V groove. It means that both banks of one groove are cut. In the case of a single sheave groove with an undercut, it means that a groove edge that continues between a groove surface or a groove wall and an undercut bottom formed below the groove surface or the groove wall is shaved.

  FIG. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of a sheave wear amount measuring apparatus. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a method of detecting the travel distance of the car. FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the means for calculating the wear amount of the sheave groove. In these drawings, the same symbols denote the same elements.

  The sheave wear amount measuring device 1 includes a hoisting sheave 4 (shelve) that is directly connected to the motor shaft 3 of the motor 2 and a pulse generator 5 that outputs a pulse signal corresponding to the rotation speed and rotation angle of the motor shaft 3. And a plurality of hoisting ropes 6 (only one is shown in the figure) wound around the hoisting sheave 4, a car 8 that moves up and down the hoistway 7, and the car 8 attached to the carousel 8. The landing detection sensor 9 (landing detection device), the landings 10 at the two floors where the car 8 stops, and the detection provided at the landing position of the car 8 on the side walls of the hoistway 7 respectively. And a plate 11.

  A car door 12 that opens and closes the entrance is provided in front of the car room of the car 8, and a landing detection sensor 9 is attached below the car door sill 13 provided in front of and below the car door 12. Yes.

  The hoisting sheave 4 has a groove part around which the hoisting rope 6 is wound. The hoisting sheave 4 and the motor 2 constitute a hoisting machine. The pulse generator 5 uses a pulse generator to generate a pulse signal. The landing detection sensor 9 outputs a landing detection signal when the car 8 reaches the landing 10. The landing detection sensor 9 functions as a landing detection device.

  Each detection plate 11 is a landing detection plate that functions as a referenced means. The plate length of each detection plate 11 represents the landing zone of the landing 10 on each floor. These detection plates 11 are referred to by the landing detection sensor 9 when facing the landing detection sensor 9.

  FIG. 2A shows a side view of the landing detection sensor 9 and the detection plate 11 viewed from the side of the hoistway side wall when the landing detection sensor 9 faces the detection plate 11. The landing detection sensor 9 includes a light projecting unit 9a, a light receiving unit 9b, and a housing 9c that holds the light projecting unit 9a and the light receiving unit 9b. The light projecting unit 9a is, for example, a fluorescent lamp or a light emitting diode. The light receiving unit 9b is, for example, a phototube or a photodiode. The detection plate 11 has a plate length in the vertical direction.

  When the vertical height position of the landing detection sensor 9 is within the range of the plate length of the detection plate 11, the light emitted from the light projecting unit 9a is reflected by the surface of the detection plate 11, and the reflected light is received by the light receiving unit. It is incident on 9b. When the vertical position of the landing detection sensor 9 is shifted from the range of the plate length of the detection plate 11, the light emitted by the light projecting unit 9a is not reflected and the reflected light enters the light receiving unit 9b. do not do.

  When the detection plate 11 exists at the position opposite to the landing detection sensor 9, the light emitted from the light projecting unit 9a is reflected and the reflected light reaches the light receiving unit 9b, so that the sensor reacts (on state). ing.

  In this embodiment, when measuring the sheave groove, the car 8 uses the sheave wear amount measuring device to calculate the number of pulses from the pulse generator 5 that is running between the first and second stop floors. 1 is measured. The number of pulses in the middle of the light receiving unit 9b being off between the two stop floors is measured.

  Furthermore, the sheave wear amount measuring device 1 has a calculation device 14 (FIG. 1). The arithmetic unit 14 is provided, for example, on the control panel, receives information from the pulse generator 5 via the wiring 15, and transmits a signal to the car 8 via the tail code 16. The calculation device 14 includes a storage unit 17, a calculation unit 18, a car position detection unit 18 a, and a sheave rotation amount detection unit 19. Each of these means is realized by a CPU, a ROM, and a RAM.

  The storage unit 17 stores hoistway position information in the hoistway 7 of each detection plate 11. The hoistway position information is identification data of the detection plate 11, for example. The storage means 17 also stores sheave characteristic data and distance data between specific floors. The sheave characteristic data refers to the sheave diameter of the hoisting sheave 4 when the remaining groove of the sheave groove is zero. The distance data between specific floors refers to the distance between two floors used for measurement.

  The car position detection means 18a detects the car position by counting the number of pulses and integrating the number of pulses. The car position detecting means 18a obtains a control signal for rotationally driving the motor 2 from an elevator control device (not shown) that controls the operation of the entire elevator, and the pulse from the pulse generator 5 based on the traveling direction of the car 8. The signal is counted up or down, and the car position of the car 8 is detected from the integrated value.

  The sheave rotation amount detection means 19 detects that the car 8 has moved a predetermined distance (reference distance) based on the car position information and the hoistway position information and floor distance data stored in the storage means 17. Then, the rotation amount of the hoisting sheave 4 generated while the car 8 is traveling the reference distance is calculated and output.

  The calculating means 18 estimates and calculates the wear amount of the sheave groove portion of the hoisting sheave 4 based on the rotation amount of the hoisting sheave 4. As shown in FIG. 3, the calculation means 18 includes a pulse counter 21 that counts the number of pulses of the pulse signal from the pulse generator 5, and a sieve that calculates an effective diameter from the pulse count value from the pulse counter 21. An effective diameter calculator 22 and a sheave remaining groove calculator 23 that calculates the amount of the remaining groove of the hoist sheave 4 from the calculation result by the sheave effective diameter calculator 22 are provided.

  As an example, the pulse counter 21 is realized by a counting means that is the same as or different from the counting means of the number of pulses that the car position detecting means 18a has. The sheave effective diameter is the center position in the rope radial direction of the portions located at both ends in the rope length direction, of the contact portions where the groove and the rope come into contact with each other when the single hoisting rope 6 is wound around the sheave groove. Represents the distance. The sheave remaining groove calculator 23 calculates from the large diameter φD of the hoisting sheave 4 when it is new and the small diameter φD ′ of the hoisting sheave 4 after wear.

  Prior to the measurement calculation of the sheave groove wear amount by the sheave wear amount measuring apparatus 1 having such a configuration, the elevator control device sets the operation mode of the elevator to a measurement mode different from the normal mode. The car 8 is moved to the upper departure floor, and preparation for measurement is performed so as to lower the reference distance from the departure floor to the lower target floor.

  Consider the case where the car 8 moves from the upper floor to the lower floor. The elevator control device outputs a command to the motor 2 of the hoisting machine, and the hoisting machine starts operation. The car 8 starts moving in the downward direction.

  FIG. 2B shows the reference distance. The figure shows the car position of the car 8 immediately after starting to move from the departure floor board 10a, the car position of the car 8 just before landing on the target floor board 10b, and the two car positions. A distance L between them is shown. This distance L is a reference distance. The distance L is a unique length of the building from the lower end of the detection plate 11 on the target floor to the upper end of the detection plate 11 on the departure floor.

  While the height position of the landing detection sensor 9 is in the plate length section of the detection plate 11, the landing detection sensor 9 continues to output ON. As soon as the landing detection sensor 9 passes through the lower end of the detection plate 11 near the departure floor landing 10a, the state of the landing detection sensor 9 shifts to the off state.

  Thereafter, the car 8 moves to near the target floor hall 10b. This time, the car 8 passes through the upper end of the detection plate 11 on the target floor. At this moment, the state of the landing detection sensor 9 changes to the on state. The distance L is not a value affected by control of the elevator or the like.

  Referring to FIG. 3, a method for calculating the amount of sheave groove wear will be described. During the operation of the elevator, the pulse generator 5 continues to generate a pulse signal corresponding to the amount of rotation of the hoist sheave 4. The pulse generator 5 constantly generates a pulse signal having a predetermined number of pulses per rotation.

  The pulse counter 21 counts the number of pulses of the pulse signal train during the car 8 traveling between the lower end of the upper detection plate 11 and the upper end of the lower detection plate 11. The pulse counter 21 uses the off signal output when the landing detection sensor 9 passes through the detection plate 11 on the departure floor as a trigger to start counting. The pulse counter 21 uses the ON signal output when the landing detection sensor 9 passes through the detection plate 11 on the target floor as a trigger to end counting. The pulse counter 21 counts the number of pulses while these triggers are applied.

  Thereafter, the sheave effective diameter calculator 22 calculates the sheave effective diameter based on the distance L. The sheave effective diameter calculator 22 reads the distance data between the stop floors from the storage means 17.

  The sheave remaining groove calculator 23 calculates the value of the remaining groove of the hoist sheave 4 from the sheave effective diameter and the sheave characteristic data read from the storage means 17. The calculation method of the sheave effective diameter D and the remaining groove Δ of the sheave can be calculated by, for example, the following calculation example.

Sheave effective diameter (D) = L / {π × pulse count (P) × count (R)}
Remaining groove Δ = {D−sheave diameter (D ′) when remaining groove is 0} / 2
The count (R) is a value that substantially represents the reciprocal of the number of pulses per revolution of the winding sheave 4.

  When the hoisting sheave 4 is worn, the effective sheave diameter is reduced, so that the amount of rotation of the hoisting sheave 4 for advancing the car 8 by a certain distance increases. The amount of rotation of the hoisting sheave 4 when wear occurs is larger than the amount of rotation of the hoisting sheave 4 when the hoisting sheave 4 is new. When the hoisting sheave 4 is cut in a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis of the hoisting sheave 4, the cross-sectional circumference is the outer periphery of the sheave. The circumferential length of the cross-sectional circumference is equal to the value obtained by multiplying the sheave diameter by the circumference. The sheave diameter of the coiled sheave 4 after the wear is smaller than the sheave diameter of the coiled sheave 4 when the coiled sheave 4 is new. The difference in these sheave diameters is taken and divided by 2 to obtain the remaining groove Δ.

  In this way, the calculation means 18 can calculate the remaining groove Δ and obtain the wear amount of the groove portion of the hoist sheave 4. In the wear diagnosis according to the conventional example, there is a case where the wear of the sheave groove is erroneously detected even though the wear amount of the sheave groove is zero. Since the wear amount of 4 is determined by the sheave rotation amount, the wear amount of the sheave groove can be accurately measured with a simple configuration.

  In both the winding sheave 4 and the conventional sheave, a groove for rope guide is carved on the outer periphery of the sheave, and the groove surface gradually wears over a long period of operation. Replacement is required. In order to make this determination, in the conventional example, it was necessary to regularly monitor the sheave groove by a maintenance staff. According to the sheave wear amount measuring apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, since the means for mechanically estimating the wear amount of the sheave groove portion is provided, the wear amount of the sheave groove portion can be constantly monitored. become.

  As described above, according to the elevator sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to the present embodiment, it is possible to realize the measurement of the remaining sheave groove with high accuracy that cannot be realized by the sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to the conventional example at low cost. become.

  In this embodiment, the loading rate is measured using a fixed value. It is preferable to perform measurement in a state where the car 8 is not loaded. The loading rate indicates a ratio with respect to the maximum value when the maximum loadable load on the car 8 is 100%. A loading rate of 50% represents half of this maximum value, and a loading rate of 0% represents no loading. When the remaining groove measurement calculation is performed under a plurality of situations where the loading conditions are different from each other, the calculation is executed using the cars 8 having different loading rates. Under different loading conditions, the frictional conditions between the hoisting sheave 4 and the hoisting rope 6 change depending on the conditions, resulting in variations in measured values. In order to prevent this variation, it is preferable to use a load detection device (not shown) provided in the car 8 in order to check the loading.

  Further, although the present embodiment has been described by using the example of the descending operation of the car 8, the sheave wear amount measuring apparatus 1 performs the measurement in which the car 8 is raised even when the car 8 is in the ascending operation. By this, an effect equivalent to that obtained during the descent operation can be obtained.

(Modification)
As a method of obtaining the reference distance when determining the amount of wear of the hoisting sheave 4 based on the amount of rotation of the hoisting sheave 4, the timing at which the overwinding cam of the car 8 contacts the overshoot prevention switch on the hoistway side is pulse counted. It may be used as a trigger.

  FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a main part of an elevator sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the above-described symbols represent the same elements as those described above. An overshoot prevention switch 25 is provided at the uppermost part of the guide rail 24, and a detection signal of the overshoot prevention switch 25 is transmitted to an arithmetic device 34 in the control panel via a wiring 27. The overshoot prevention switch 25 is turned on when it is in contact with the overwinding cam 26 supported by the car frame or the like of the car 8, and is turned off when it is not in contact with the overwinding cam 26.

  In the sheave wear amount measuring apparatus 1 </ b> A having such a configuration, when the rising car 8 passes the landing position of the landing 10 on the top floor and moves toward the upper end of the hoistway, the overwind cam 26. The upper end portion of the contact portion contacts the overshoot prevention switch 25, and the overshoot prevention switch 25 is turned on. An overshoot detection signal is output from the overshoot prevention switch 25 and sent to the arithmetic unit 34. In the calculation, it is assumed that the distance from the landing position of the landing 10 on the top floor to the height position of the overshoot prevention switch 25 is unique.

  The pulse counter 21 counts the number of pulses of the pulse signal train that is generated while the car 8 is traveling too much between the landing position on the top floor and the position of the overshoot prevention switch 25. The sheave effective diameter calculator 22 calculates the effective sheave diameter based on the distance between the landing position on the top floor and the position of the overshoot prevention switch 25. The sheave remaining groove calculator 23 calculates the value of the remaining groove of the hoist sheave 4 from the sheave effective diameter and the sheave characteristic data. The remaining groove Δ is calculated by a calculation example similar to the calculation example of the first embodiment.

  The overshoot prevention switch 25 is also provided at the lower end portion of the hoistway 7. When the lower end portion of the overwind cam 26 contacts the overshoot prevention switch 25, the car 8 has gone too far against the motor 2. Is sent to the arithmetic unit 34. The lower overshoot prevention switch 25 may be used.

  In this modification, the two over-line prevention switches 25 at the upper and lower end portions respectively function as reference means for position reference. The overwind cam 26 functions as a landing detection device that comes into contact with the overshoot prevention switch 25 when the car 8 has passed the uppermost floor or the lowermost floor.

  According to the elevator sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to this modification, the wear amount can be calculated from a short distance.

(Second Embodiment)
The elevator sheave wear amount measuring device according to the second embodiment of the present invention also measures the effective diameter of the hoisting sheave 4 and measures the wear amount of the sheave groove surface to which the hoisting rope 6 is fitted.

  FIG. 5 is an overall schematic diagram of an elevator sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to this embodiment. FIG. 6 is a functional block diagram of a means for calculating the wear amount of the sheave groove. In these drawings, the same reference numerals as those shown above represent the same elements.

  The elevator sheave wear amount measuring device 30 includes a hoisting sheave 4 directly connected to the motor shaft 3 of the motor 2 of the hoisting machine, a pulse generator 5, and a plurality of windings (one is displayed). An upper rope 6, a car 8, and a governor device 31 for preventing an overspeed of the elevator are provided. When the moving speed of the car 8 becomes faster than a preset speed, the governor device 31 detects an overspeed of the car 8 and makes the elevator stop emergency.

  The governor device 31 includes a governor sheave 32, a pulse generator 35, and a governor rope 36, and one end of the governor rope 36 is fixed by a rope hitch 37 provided in the car 8. A governor rope 36 is wound around the governor sheave 32. A pulse generator is used for the pulse generator 35. The governor rope 36 moves in conjunction with the raising / lowering operation of the car 8 independently of the driving by the hoisting sheave 4 and the motor 2.

  The governor device 31 is connected to a device (not shown) for monitoring the rotational speed of the governor sheave 32 in order to detect the overspeed of the car 8, and stopping the operation of the elevator when the rotational speed exceeds the rated speed. Yes. Therefore, measures are taken for the governor sheave 32 so that the sheave groove (not shown) is not worn by the governor rope 36, and periodic elevator movement speed and rotation speed calibration operations are performed.

  Further, the sheave wear amount measuring device 30 is provided with a calculation device 38 in the control panel. The arithmetic device 38 includes a storage unit 39, a hoisting machine rotation amount detection unit 40 a, a governor rotation amount detection unit 40 b, and a calculation unit 40.

  The storage means 39 stores the sheave characteristic data of the hoisting sheave 4 and the sheave characteristic data of the governor sheave 32. The sheave characteristic data of the hoisting sheave 4 refers to the sheave diameter of the hoisting sheave 4 when the remaining groove of the sheave groove portion of the hoisting sheave 4 becomes zero. The sheave characteristic data of the governor sheave 32 refers to the sheave diameter of the governor sheave 32 when the remaining groove of the sheave groove portion of the governor sheave 32 becomes zero.

  The hoisting machine rotation amount detection means 40a counts the pulse signal from the pulse generator 5 and outputs the number of pulses.

  The governor rotation amount detection means 40b counts the pulse signal from the pulse generator 35 and outputs the number of pulses. A pulse signal corresponding to the rotation amount of the governor sheave 32 is continuously output from the pulse generator 35.

  The calculating means 40 calculates the ratio of the number of pulses of the two while the car 8 is traveling a certain distance, and estimates and calculates the wear amount of the groove portion of the hoist sheave 4 from this ratio.

  FIG. 6 shows an example of functional blocks of the calculation means 40. The calculating means 40 includes a pulse counter 21, a pulse counter 42 that counts the number of pulses of the pulse signal from the pulse generator 35, and each pulse count value from the pulse counter 21 and the pulse counter 42, A sheave effective diameter calculator 43 that calculates the effective diameter of the hoisting sheave 4 and a sheave remaining groove calculator 44 that calculates the amount of the remaining groove of the hoisting sheave 4 from the calculation result by the sheave effective diameter calculator 43 are provided. . The configuration other than these is substantially the same as the example of the first embodiment.

  Prior to the measurement calculation, the sheave wear amount measuring device 30 having such a configuration moves the car 8 to the upper floor. Consider a case where the car 8 moves from the departure floor landing 10a on the upper floor to the target floor landing 10b on the lower floor. The motor 2 of the hoisting machine starts operating in response to a command from the elevator control device 41.

  As shown in the pulse generators 5 and 35, while the car 8 moves from the upper landing 10a to the lower target floor landing 10b, the pulse generator 5 attached to the motor shaft 3 of the motor 2 and the governor Pulse signals are individually generated from the pulse generator 35 of the device 31.

  The sheave wear amount measuring device 30 calculates the wear amount of the hoisting sheave 4 by the arithmetic device 38 taking the ratio of both pulse generation amounts within a predetermined time. As a specific means, both the pulse counter 21 and the pulse counter 42 are triggered by a control signal issued from the elevator controller 41. The pulse counters 21 and 42 are triggered by two timings: an elevator operation start timing and a timing when a hoisting machine brake (not shown) is applied immediately before the car 8 arrives at the target floor 10b. Each of the pulse counters 21 and 42 counts the number of pulses while each of these triggers is applied.

  Thereafter, the sieve effective diameter calculator 43 calculates the sieve effective diameter based on both types of pulse count values and the governor sieve data from the storage means 39.

  The sheave remaining groove calculator 44 calculates the remaining groove of the hoist sheave 4 from the sheave effective diameter and the sheave characteristic data from the storage means 39. The calculation method of the sheave effective diameter D and the remaining groove Δ of the sheave can be calculated using, for example, the following calculation example.

Effective sheave diameter (D) = {pulse count value on the governor side (P1) −pulse count value on the hoisting machine side (P)} × the diameter of the governor (D1)
Remaining groove (Δ) = {D−sheave diameter (D ′) when remaining groove is 0} / 2}
Thus, in the measuring method of the sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to the present embodiment, the calculation of the effective sheave diameter of the hoisting sheave 4 is obtained by the ratio of the output values of the two pulse generators 5 and 35. The effective sheave diameter can be calculated without strictly obtaining the distance L between the two floors as in the first embodiment.

  In the present embodiment, for example, the second floor is set as the departure floor, and the pulses generated between the time when the floor is started and the time when it arrives at the landing 10 on the lower floor are counted. Since the effective sheave diameter of the hoisting sheave 4 is calculated based on the ratio of the output values 5 and 35, the effective sheave diameter can be obtained no matter what timing the pulse counting is started. When the pulse count is counted at different timings, there is no difference in values between the measurement results obtained at different timings.

  When the governor sheave data stored in the storage means 39 is found to have been worn out by regular inspection or the like, the governor sheave 32 is written again in the storage means 39 after the passage of time. It can be corrected.

  In this embodiment, the loading rate of the car 8 is measured using a fixed value (the loading rate when there is no loading is 0%). When the remaining groove is calculated under a plurality of situations where the loading conditions are different from each other, the friction condition between the hoisting sheave 4 and the hoisting rope 6 changes. For this reason, it is preferable that the loading conditions are the same in order to prevent variations in the measured values. In order to confirm the loading rate, a load detection device provided in the car 8 can be used.

  Further, in this embodiment, the example of the descending operation of the car 8 has been described. However, on the principle of measurement, the sheave wear amount measuring device 30 can obtain the effect obtained during the descending operation even when the car 8 is ascending. Similar effects can be obtained.

  In the present embodiment, it is not necessary to measure in advance the exact distance between the two landing floor surfaces required in the first embodiment. For this reason, the work required in the example of the first embodiment, such as measuring the distance L and registering the data of the distance L in the memory for calculation, becomes unnecessary.

  According to the elevator sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to this embodiment of the present invention, the burden on workers can be reduced, and the wear amount can be measured without causing deterioration in accuracy.

(Third embodiment)
In the first embodiment, the modification, and the second embodiment, the sheave wear amount measuring devices 1 and 30 may be provided with a function of correcting the effective diameter data. The elevator sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention measures the effective diameter of the hoisting sheave 4 and measures the wear amount of the sheave groove surface to which the hoisting rope 6 is fitted.

  FIG. 7 is a functional block diagram of the means for calculating the wear amount of the sheave groove in the elevator sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to this embodiment. An arithmetic unit (not shown) is provided in the control panel, and this arithmetic unit calculates the number of pulses by a function of storing the rope diameter of the hoisting rope 6 and a pulse signal train from one or both of the pulse generators 5 and 35. It has a function of measuring and a function of estimating and calculating the wear amount of the groove portion of the hoisting sheave 4. The calculating means 45 in FIG. 7 performs this wear amount estimation calculation based on the rotation amount of the hoisting sheave 4.

  The calculating means 45 includes a sheave effective diameter calculator 46 that calculates the effective diameter of the hoist sheave 4 from the pulse count value, and a sheave effective diameter corrector 47 that corrects the effective diameter calculated by the sheave effective diameter calculator 46. And a sheave remaining groove calculator 48 for calculating the amount of the remaining groove of the hoisting sheave 4 from the calculation result by the sheave effective diameter calculator 46. The storage means 39a is a diameter storage means for storing the rope diameter of the hoisting rope 6 measured using measuring instruments by the inspector such as data at the time of periodic inspection.

  The configuration other than these is substantially the same as the example of the first embodiment and the example of the second embodiment.

  In the sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to the present embodiment having such a configuration, the sheave effective diameter calculator 46 is previously calculated by the sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to the first or second embodiment, or other methods. By the method, the effective diameter of the hoisting sheave 4 is calculated and written in the RAM such as the storage means 39. The effective sheave diameter data at this point does not reflect the change in the rope diameter.

  Each elevator is regularly inspected by maintenance personnel. In the present embodiment, prior to the calculation of the wear amount of the sheave wear amount measuring device, the rope diameter of the hoisting rope 6 is measured at the time of inspection by maintenance personnel, and the measurement result of the rope diameter is stored as rope diameter data. It is made to store in the means 39a. The storage means 39a stores rope diameter data of the hoisting rope 6 measured by an inspector in the past before the calculation of the amount of wear to be executed. The calculating means 45 corrects the wear amount based on the rope diameter data.

  The sheave effective diameter compensator 47 is a rope diameter at the time of inspection stored in the storage means 39a with respect to the effective sheave diameter of the hoisting sheave 4 calculated by the sheave sheave amount measuring device 1, 30 described above or other methods. The effective sheave diameter is corrected in consideration of the above data. The calculation method of the corrected effective sheave diameter D ′ is calculated using, for example, the following calculation example. This calculation is performed by the sheave effective diameter corrector 47.

Sheave effective diameter after correction D ′ = effective sheave diameter before correction (D) − {initial rope diameter (d) −current rope diameter (d ′)} × 2
As described above, according to the sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to this embodiment of the present invention, an error in the calculated value of the remaining sheave groove due to the change in the thickness of the hoisting rope 6 can be eliminated.

(Fourth embodiment)
The degree of change in the diameter reduction of the hoisting rope 6 is different between the state immediately after the installation of the elevator and the state in which each elevator apparatus is familiar after the installation. In general, initial elongation occurs in the hoisting rope 6 immediately after the elevator is installed. It takes time until the initial elongation of the hoisting rope 6 converges and settles with respect to the load of the car 8 and the weight. The elevator sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention reduces errors caused by changes in the diameter of the rope of the hoisting rope 6.

  The configuration of the sheave wear amount measuring device is substantially the same as the example of the first embodiment and the example of the second embodiment. The measurement data of the effective diameter of the hoisting sheave 4 is stored in the storage means 39a (diameter storage means) in the example of FIG. The storage means 39a stores rope diameter data with time of the hoisting rope 6.

  A method of determining the effective sheave diameter in the elevator initial state after the elevator is installed will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the transition of the value of the effective diameter of the hoisting sheave 4 over time. A plurality of plot points (indicated by white circles) in the figure all represent the effective diameter of the hoisting sheave 4 measured by inspection. These plot points are obtained by plotting the effective diameter D of the hoisting sheave 4 immediately after the elevator installation in time series by the calculation method using the sheave wear amount measuring apparatus in each of the first and second embodiments, or other methods. This is the data obtained. If the leftmost plot point is obtained when a new rope is attached, a sudden change in the rope diameter is observed over a period of time after this point. Therefore, the value of the effective sheave diameter changes and approaches the diameter DS of the hoisting sheave 4 when the groove portion is not worn within a short period of time.

  The sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to the present embodiment determines a condition for determining that the initial elongation of the rope has been completed, and writes the sheave diameter D at the time when this condition is satisfied into the diameter storing means as an initial value. To. The conditions are as follows: (1) The time change rate of the effective sheave diameter D from the time when the elevator is installed to the time when the elevator is operated for a predetermined number of times or when a predetermined number of years have elapsed after installation is below a certain value. That became. (2) The difference between the effective sheave diameter D and the diameter DS is less than a certain value. (3) Both (1) and (2).

  In the present embodiment, the sheave wear amount measuring apparatus determines that the initial elongation of the hoisting rope 6 has ended when any of these conditions (1), (2), and (3) is satisfied. , D at that time is set as an initial value.

  In other words, the storage means 39a stores the measurement result of the previous rope diameter data of the hoisting rope 6. After the new hoisting rope is attached to the hoisting sheave 4, the calculating means 18, 40, and 45 measure the adjacent rope diameter from the rope diameter measurement results stored in time series by periodic measurement. A point in time during which the amount of change between the results becomes a certain value or less is detected, and the rope diameter data at this point is used as the initial value of the rope diameter of the hoisting rope 6. The calculation means 18, 40, 45 measure an error of a measurement value caused by a change in the rope diameter based on the rope diameter data.

  The configuration other than these is substantially the same as the example of the first embodiment and the example of the second embodiment.

  Any of the above conditions (1), (2), and (3) is determined in advance for the sheave wear amount measuring apparatus having such a configuration. Here, condition judging means for judging whether the condition is satisfied is provided in the sheave wear amount measuring apparatus. For example, when the condition (1) is set to the diameter storage means, when the time when the elevator has operated a fixed number of times after the elevator has been installed, after the installation, until this time arrives, Condition determining means (not shown) determines whether or not the time change rate of the effective sheave diameter D has become a certain value or less. The condition determining means is composed of a CPU or the like. Alternatively, the condition determination means determines whether or not the time change rate has become a certain value or less between the time of installation and the arrival of this point in time when a predetermined number of years or operation time has elapsed after installation. When the condition determining means determines that the time change rate of the effective sheave diameter D is equal to or less than a certain value, it determines that the initial elongation of the rope has ended, and sets the initial sheave diameter D when the condition (1) is satisfied. Write as a value to the diameter storage means. Thereafter, the sheave wear amount measuring apparatus performs wear amount estimation calculation according to the examples of the first and second embodiments.

  The operation of the sheave wear amount measuring apparatus when the conditions (2) and (3) are set in the diameter storage means is substantially the same as the example of the condition (1).

  As described above, in the elevator sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to this embodiment of the present invention, the rope seen immediately after installation of the elevator of the conventional example explained in FIG. 10 is not normally in the sheave groove. An error in the calculated value of the sheave remaining groove that occurs when the initial value is used can be eliminated.

(Other examples)
Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as it is, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage.

  The configuration of the functional block of the calculation means in FIGS. 3 and 6 is an example, and the configuration for realizing the calculation function can be variously changed. The method of configuring each arithmetic function can be changed, and the superiority of the present invention is not impaired at all even for the invention which is implemented by changing this point.

  In the above embodiment, the groove shape of the sheave groove is a round groove having a U-shaped cross section, a V groove formed by cutting the groove into a V shape, and a curved bottom portion of the groove having a U shape cross section. Any of the grooves provided with an undercut may be used. The elevator sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention can measure the wear amount of the groove of any shape.

  In the above embodiment, the effective diameter is the distance between the rope centers of the sheave grooves and the hoisting rope contact portions located at both ends in the rope length direction. Alternatively, as a diameter instead of the effective diameter, a round length with the bottom portion of the groove surface around which the hoisting rope is wound as a circulation path may be used. In a groove having an undercut, a round length with the undercut groove bottom as a circulation path may be used as an effective diameter or a diameter instead of the effective diameter.

  In addition, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of components disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, constituent elements over different embodiments may be appropriately combined.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1A, 30 ... Sheave wear amount measuring apparatus, 2 ... Motor, 3 ... Motor shaft, 4 ... Hoisting sheave (shallow), 5,35 ... Pulse generator, 6 ... Hoisting rope, 7 ... Hoistway , 8 ... Riding car (car), 9 ... Landing detection sensor (landing detection device) 9a ... Light emitting part, 9b ... Light receiving part, 9c ... Housing, 10 ... landing, 10a ... departure floor landing, 10b ... target floor Board, 11 ... detection plate (referenced means), 12 ... car door, 13 ... car door sill, 14, 34, 38 ... arithmetic unit, 15, 27 ... wiring, 16 ... tail code, 17 ... storage means, 18, 40, 45 ... calculating means, 18a ... car position detecting means, 19 ... sheave rotation amount detecting means, 21, 42 ... pulse counter, 22, 43, 46 ... sieve effective diameter calculator, 23, 44, 48 ... sieve Remaining groove calculator, 24 ... guide rail, 25 ... overshoot prevention switch ( Reference means), 26 ... Overwind cam (landing detection device), 31 ... Governor device, 32 ... Governor sheave, 36 ... Governor rope, 37 ... Rope hitch, 39 ... Storage means, 39a ... Storage means (diameter storage means), 40a ... hoisting machine rotation amount detection means, 40b ... governor rotation amount detection means, 41 ... elevator control device, 47 ... sheave effective diameter corrector.

Claims (9)

Whether to go up and down the elevator hoistway,
A sheave having a groove around which a hoisting rope for suspending the car is wound, and a hoisting machine having a motor that rotates the sheave;
A car position detecting means for detecting a rotation amount of the sheave of the hoisting machine and detecting a car position of the car based on the rotation amount;
An landing detection device provided in the car;
A plurality of referred means in the hoistway referred to by the landing detection device when facing the landing detection device, respectively;
Storage means for storing the hoistway position in the hoistway of these referenced means;
Based on the hoistway position of the storage means and the car position from the car position detecting means, it is detected that the car has moved a predetermined reference distance, and the car is traveling this reference distance. A sheave rotation amount detecting means for detecting the rotation amount of the sheave generated between,
An elevator sheave wear amount measuring apparatus for an elevator, comprising: calculating means for estimating and calculating the wear amount of the groove portion of the sheave according to the sheave rotation amount from the sheave rotation amount detecting means. The plurality of referred means are respectively installed on each floor, and are landing detection plates that indicate the landing zones of the landings,
2. The elevator sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the landing detection device outputs a landing detection signal when facing the landing detection plate. The plurality of referred means are respectively installed at upper and lower end portions in the hoistway, and are overwinding prevention switches that detect that the car has gone too far with respect to the hoisting machine,
2. The elevator sheave wear measurement according to claim 1, wherein the landing detection device is an overwinding cam that comes into contact with each overwinding prevention switch when the car passes over the uppermost floor or the lowermost floor. apparatus.   The car position detection means encodes and outputs a pulse signal corresponding to the number of rotations of the motor shaft of the motor, and the car position is determined by a count value obtained by counting the number of pulses of the pulse signal. The elevator sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a detecting unit. Whether to go up and down the elevator hoistway,
A sheave having a groove around which a hoisting rope for suspending the car is wound, and a hoisting machine having a motor that rotates the sheave;
A hoisting machine rotation amount detecting means for outputting a pulse signal according to the rotational speed of the sheave of the hoisting machine;
A governor rope that moves in conjunction with the lifting and lowering operation of the car independently of the drive by the hoist, and a governor device having a governor sheave around which the governor rope is wound;
A governor rotation amount detection means for outputting a pulse signal corresponding to the rotation speed of the governor sheave of the governor device;
The ratio of the number of pulses of the pulse signal from the governor rotation amount detection means and the number of pulses of the pulse signal from the hoisting machine rotation amount detection means is calculated, and from this ratio, the groove portion of the sheave of the hoisting machine An elevator sheave wear amount measuring apparatus for an elevator, comprising: a calculating means for estimating and calculating the wear amount of the elevator. A diameter storing means for storing rope diameter data of the hoisting rope measured by a past check rather than an estimation calculation of the calculating means;
6. The elevator sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the calculation means corrects the wear amount based on the rope diameter data. The diameter storage means stores the rope diameter data measured in the past,
In the rope diameter data stored in time series by periodic measurement after the new hoisting rope is attached to the sheave, the calculation means is such that the amount of change between the rope diameters is a certain value or less. The elevator sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to claim 6, wherein rope diameter data is extracted and the rope diameter data is used as an initial value of the rope diameter of the hoisting rope. A diameter storing means for storing the rope diameter data of the hoisting rope over time;
7. The elevator sheave wear amount measuring apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the calculating means measures an error of a measured value resulting from a change in the rope diameter based on the rope diameter data.   The elevator sheave wear according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the calculating means calculates an effective diameter of the sheave using the rotation amount, and calculates the wear amount based on the effective diameter. Quantity measuring device.

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