JP2011021803A - Water oil combustion device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water oil combustion device enabling combustion by small pressure and thereby contributing to reduction in the size of the entire device. <P>SOLUTION: The water oil combustion device is equipped with: a mixer 15 for mixing material water and material oil at a predetermined ratio; a heater 16 for heating water oil mixed fuel mixed by the mixer 15; a blower 17 for blowing pressure air to the water oil mixed fuel heated by the heater 16; an injection nozzle 18 for injecting the water oil mixed fuel becoming air fuel mixture by the pressure air blown by the blower 17; a combustion chamber 19 for burning the water oil mixed fuel injected from the injection nozzle 18; and a pump 25 arranged between the mixer 15 and the heater 16 and controlling the pressure of the water oil mixed fuel to the combustion chamber 19 within a range of 5-10 MPa. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  In the present invention, water and oil are used as raw materials, and a water-oil mixed fuel obtained by mixing these raw water and raw oil in a predetermined ratio is used as an emulsified fuel, and this is stably burned without misfire. The present invention relates to a water-oil combustion apparatus that can perform such a process.

  Conventionally, there has been proposed a water-oil combustion apparatus that uses water and oil as raw materials and burns a water-oil mixed fuel obtained by mixing these raw water and raw oil in a predetermined ratio (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .

  In general, when combustion is performed using oil as a fuel, it is known that an efficient combustion result can be obtained by adding water to the oil and then emulsifying the mixed fuel. Regarding combustion, there are concerns about the generation of air pollutants (nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, etc.), but it is also known that the generation of these substances can be suppressed with water-added fuel. It has been.

  At this time, in order to use the water / oil mixed fuel, the water / oil mixing ratio of the mixed fuel, the subdivision state of the oil contained in the mixed fuel, the temperature of the mixed fuel, the diffusion after injection of the mixed fuel, etc. The elements must be in good condition.

  Therefore, in order to maintain a mixed state of water and oil, an example in which a water / oil mixed fuel is emulsified and used by adding an emulsifier such as a surfactant is common.

  In order to obtain a mixed fuel by adding this emulsifier, it is necessary to stir and mix while supplying a constant amount of the emulsifier, which requires equipment for production, and the equipment cost and raw material cost of the emulsifier are reflected in the fuel unit price. The fuel cost will be higher accordingly.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, after stirring and mixing water and oil with a rotary stirrer, the pressure is increased with a high-pressure pump, and at the same time, the temperature is raised by winding the injection upstream side of the fuel introduction pipe around the combustor, The fuel is stably combusted without using an emulsifier, and the conditions for stable combustion are a mixed fuel temperature of 200 ° C. to 400 ° C. and an injection pressure of 10 MPa to 30 MPa.

Japanese Patent No. 3928969

  However, in the above-described water-oil combustion apparatus, in order to use a water-oil mixed fuel, the fuel does not atomize sufficiently when the pressure of the mixed fuel is 10 MPa or less, and unstable combustion occurs. As mentioned above, these conditions are related to the water / oil mixture ratio of the mixed fuel, the subdivision state of the oil contained in the mixed fuel, the temperature of the mixed fuel, and the mixed fuel. It is necessary to relatively consider a plurality of conditions such as diffusion after injection, and it is not a problem simply because of simple pressure.

  Further, if the pressure is set to 10 MPa or more, the entire apparatus is enlarged, and there is a problem that it is difficult to use it for a small burner or the like.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the water-oil combustion apparatus which can enable combustion by a small pressure and can contribute to size reduction of the whole apparatus.

  A water-oil combustion apparatus according to the present invention includes a mixer that mixes raw water and raw oil at a predetermined ratio, a heater that heats a water-oil mixed fuel mixed in the mixer, and a heater that heats A blower that blows pressurized air on the water-oil mixed fuel that has been sprayed, an injection nozzle that injects the water-oil mixed fuel mixed with the pressure air blown by the blower, and a water-oil mixed fuel that has been injected from the injection nozzle A water-oil combustion apparatus comprising: a combustion chamber that burns; and a pump that is disposed between the mixer and the heater and adjusts the pressure of the water-oil mixed fuel to the combustion chamber, The pump is characterized in that the pressure of the water-oil mixed fuel to the combustion chamber is 5 to 10 MPa.

According to the water-oil combustion apparatus described in the present invention, combustion can be maintained without impairing combustion efficiency, which can contribute to downsizing of the entire apparatus.
The water-oil combustion apparatus according to claim 2 is characterized in that a volume ratio of the raw water to the raw oil is in a range of 50%: 50% to 65%: 35%.
According to the water / oil combustion apparatus of the second aspect, more reliable combustion can be ensured.
The water-oil combustion apparatus according to claim 3 is characterized in that the raw water is fresh water and the crude oil is A heavy oil.
According to the water / oil combustion apparatus of the third aspect, combustion of the water / oil mixed fuel can be ensured without using an emulsifier.
The water-oil combustion apparatus according to claim 4 is characterized in that the injection port shape of the injection nozzle has a truncated cone shape.
According to the water / oil combustion apparatus of the fourth aspect, combustion of the water / oil mixed fuel at a small injection pressure can be ensured.
The water-oil combustion apparatus according to claim 5 is characterized in that a gear pump is used as the pump.
According to the water / oil combustion apparatus of the fifth aspect, the agitation function before heating the water / oil mixed fuel can be ensured, and the combustion efficiency of the water / oil mixed fuel can be maintained high.

It is explanatory drawing of the water-oil combustion apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the principal part of the water-oil combustion apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a graph in the case of the time-sequential change (water | moisture content of 40% vol.oil content of 60% vol.) Of emulsified fuel separation concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a graph figure of the startability of the emulsified fuel which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a graph of the influence of the water level and temperature in the stirrer which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The graph of the combustion temperature with respect to the air flow rate and water oil ratio which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is shown, (A) is water 60% vol. Oil When air is increased at 40% vol, (B) shows water at 0% vol. Oil 100% vol. And water 70% vol. It is a graph figure at the time of changing to oil 30% vol. It is a graph figure of the influence by the injection temperature which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a graph of the water oil experimental result which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a water-oil combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a main part of the water-oil combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, a water-oil combustion apparatus 10 omits illustration from a water tank 11 that stores tap water (fresh water) as raw material water, an oil tank 12 that stores A heavy oil as raw material oil, and tanks 11 and 12. A mixer 15 that mixes raw water and raw oil at a predetermined ratio supplied via the pipes 13 and 14 by driving the pump, and a heater that heats the water-oil mixed fuel mixed in the mixer 15 16, a blower 17 that blows pressure air to the water / oil mixed fuel heated by the heater 16, an injection nozzle 18 that jets the water / oil mixed fuel mixed with the pressure air blown by the blower 17, and an injection And a combustion chamber 19 for burning the water / oil mixed fuel injected from the nozzle 18.

  The water tank 11 and the mixer 15 are communicated by a pipe 13, the oil tank 12 and the mixer 15 are communicated by a pipe 14, and a pump disposed inside the pipes 13 and 14 and in the middle of the pipes 13 and 14. The supply amount of the raw water and the raw oil supplied to the mixer 15 is adjusted by the power of. In the present embodiment, the volume ratio between the raw water and the raw oil is adjusted in the range of 50%: 50% to 65%: 35%.

  Inside the mixer 15, a stirring blade (not shown) that rotates by driving of the drive motor 20 is arranged.

  The heater 16 includes a cylindrical casing 21 that forms a combustion chamber 19, a helical heating pipe 23 that is supplied with water / oil mixed fuel stirred and mixed in the mixer 15 via a pipe 22, and the casing 21. And a combustion nozzle chamber 24 disposed on the substantially central axis.

  The heating pipe 23 and the mixer 15 are communicated with each other by a pipe 22 in which a gear pump 25 is disposed. The heating pipe 23 and the combustion nozzle chamber 24 are communicated with each other through a pipe 26.

  A blower pipe 27 to which the pressurized air supplied from the blower 17 is injected is connected to a substantially central portion of the combustion nozzle chamber 24.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the gear pump 25 includes a pair of gears 29 and 30 that mesh with each other inside the gear casing 28, and the water / oil mixed fuel is stirred in the gear casing 28 by the relative rotation of the gears 29 and 30. Then, the water-oil mixed fuel is pumped toward the heating pipe 23. At this time, the gear pump 25 adjusts the pressure of the water / oil mixed fuel to the combustion chamber 19 in a range of 5 to 10 MPa.

(Example)
In the present embodiment, the casing 21 is made of stainless steel 304, an inner diameter of 210 mm, an outer diameter of 360 mm, and a length of 450 mm. The fuel nozzle chamber 24 is made of stainless steel 304, a thickness of 3 mm, an inner diameter of 80 mm, an outer diameter of 89.1 mm, and a length of 200 mm.

  The heating pipe 23 is made of a material stainless steel 304, a thickness of 2 mm, an inner diameter of 6.5 mm, and an outer diameter of 10.5 mm. The heating pipe 23 is spirally wound around the outer wall of the casing 21 without a gap, and the water-oil mixed fuel is heated by heat transfer from the inner wall (combustion chamber 19) of the casing 21. The heating pipe 23 is led out of the heater 16 and led from the rear part of the heater 16 to the combustion nozzle chamber 24.

  An injection nozzle 18 having a truncated cone shape at the tip is attached to the tip of the pipe 26, and the water / oil mixed fuel is mixed with the pressure air and injected from the nozzle tip into the combustion chamber 19. . The injection nozzle 18 is supported from three directions in the combustion nozzle chamber 24 so that the central axis of the heating pipe 23 and the central axis of the combustion chamber 19 coincide.

  The blower pipe 27 is made of a material made of vinyl chloride, and has an inner diameter of 65 mm and an outer diameter of 76 mm. Further, the blower 17 (for example, manufacturer and model number) is branched into two systems. One branch pipe 27 a is led to the rear side surface of the combustion nozzle chamber 24, and the other branch pipe 27 b is led to the inlet side surface of the combustion chamber 19. In order to adjust the flow rate of the two systems of pressurized air, a flow rate adjusting valve 31 is arranged in the middle of the branch pipe 27a led to the combustion nozzle chamber 24.

  In the combustion nozzle chamber 24, a blower pipe 27 from the blower 17 is connected to the rear side surface, and air flows in. The entrance to the combustion chamber 19 is blocked by a plate 28. A hole corresponding to the nozzle tip shape is formed at the center of the plate 28, and the heating pipe 23 is supported so that the injection nozzle 18 is located at the center. At this time, the tip of the injection nozzle 18 and the surface of the plate 28 coincide. The plate 28 has eight long sides so as to surround the periphery of the injection nozzle 18 in order to inject the compressed air flowing into the fuel nozzle chamber 24 from the blower 17 through the branch pipe 27a into the combustion chamber 19. The bent rectangular holes (not shown) are arranged at equal intervals, and an air flow path surrounding the injection nozzle 18 is provided.

  The pressurized air that flows into the combustion chamber 19 from the blower 17 via the branch pipe 27 b is guided to the combustion chamber 19 and realizes a swirling flow with the inner wall shape (cylindrical shape) of the combustion chamber 19. A heating pipe 23 is spirally wound around the inner wall of the combustion chamber 19 and is heated by heat from the combustion chamber 19. There is a hole (not shown) on the inlet surface of the combustion chamber 19, and a pilot burner (not shown) for ignition is installed from a 45 ° oblique direction with respect to the central axis of the heater 16.

(Experimental example)
<Emulsification method>
As the mixer 15, a commercially available stirrer (manufactured by Hanwa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., model number HZT-830, maximum 1470 rpm), a commercially available stirring blade (model number RJ-0495-445, φ80 stainless steel, dispa A mold) is attached, and water and oil are preliminarily emulsified by shearing force obtained by rotation.

  Next, the pressure is increased and emulsified by a gear pump 25 (manufactured by Kayaba Kogyo Co., Ltd., model number KP0570CPFS, gear area 7 cm2, 210 kgf / cm3, 600 to 3000 rpm, 1000 rpm, 7 L / min).

  In the process of being pressurized by the gear pump 25, the liquid passes through the minute gap at a high speed and is emulsified at the time of collision with the wall surface. This gives the low viscosity liquid a great emulsifying capacity.

  Thus, the stable emulsification state is implement | achieved without using an emulsifier by combining the mixing method by the conventional stirrer, and the mixing method by the gear pump 25. FIG.

  In the case of such a stable emulsified state, although it is separated to some extent (6% Vol.) Immediately after mixing, the emulsified state can be maintained for 24 hours or more thereafter (see FIG. 3). In actual use, it is injected and burned immediately after mixing.

  When the injection nozzle 18 (manufactured by Spraying Systems Japan Co., Ltd., model number TN-SSTC-3, spray width 152 mm at a distance of 300 mm) is used, stable combustion without misfire is obtained at an injection pressure of 3 MPa to 7 MPa. However, this combustion stability is related not only to the state of emulsification but also to the flame holding method.

<Flame holding method>
Air is introduced into the casing 21 in the direction along the circumference to form a swirling flow, and fuel is injected from the central portion through the injection nozzle (described above). The flame is held by a method in which the fuel is injected in a fan shape toward the low-speed recirculation region near the center generated by the swirling flow. At this time, a low-speed parallel flow is also introduced from around the injection hole so that unstable combustion does not occur in an oxygen deficient state even when the fan is injected at a low pressure and the angle is small. The fuel is heated by heat transfer from the casing 21 before injection, and its viscosity is lowered.

<Operation Method of Casing 21>
Tap water is used as moisture, and heavy oil (A heavy oil JIS K2205 Type 1 No. 2 HAS heavy oil) is used as the oil. The mixing ratio of water and oil was water: oil = 0% Vol. : 100% Vol. ~ 60% Vol. : 40% Vol. It burns stably without misfire in the range. However, water: oil = 50% Vol. : 50% Vol. ~ 60% Vol. : 40% Vol. In the range up to, misfire may occur depending on operating conditions.

<Starting process>
(1) Mixer 15 is started with 40 cycles (2/3 of maximum output) (2) Blower 17 is started with 20 cycles (1/3 of maximum output) (3) Ignition plug ignition (4) Pilot with propane inflow Burner ignition (5) 40 cycles (2/3 of maximum output), gear pump 25 is started at 6 MPa, combustion starts (6) 1 minute later, blower 17 is cycled 40 to 50 cycles (2/3 to 5 of maximum output) / 6) (7) After 5 minutes, stop propane and ignition plug unless unstable combustion with intermittent vibration

  The starting is continued until only heavy oil is injected as fuel and the injection temperature rises. Then, oil is supplied so that the mixing ratio (% Vol.) Of water and oil desired is set. Water: Oil = 0% Vol. : 100% Vol. ~ 50% Vol. : 50% Vol. In this range, it is possible to inject emulsified fuel from the start (see FIG. 4). In addition, the ratio of water is 50% vol. Exceeding it causes misfire.

  In the continuous operation process of the casing 21, the following two cautions are necessary.

  First, when the water level of the mixed fuel in the mixer 15 decreases and the stirring spring is exposed from the liquid level, bubbles are mixed into the mixed fuel. In addition, when refueling is performed in this state, the temperature of the mixer 15 rapidly decreases. Due to these two causes, the emulsified fuel changes to fine particles (emulsification abnormality). This causes the injection state to become unstable. Therefore, in order to operate continuously, it is necessary to add moisture and oil early so that the water level does not drop too much (see FIG. 5). In addition, after driving | running only with heavy oil until 19 minutes after the start, when water and oil were added (water 70% vol.oil 30% vol.) And it supplied for the second time, it misfired by the emulsification abnormality.

  Second, when the flow rate from the blower 17 is changed, the turning speed in the casing 21 is changed, so that the combustion property is changed. The flame length can be changed by changing the mixing ratio of water and oil. However, since there is an upper limit in the air flow rate from the blower 17 and the fuel injection is radial from the center, sufficient oxygen cannot be obtained in the casing 21 when the ratio of oil is high, and the casing 21 This is because the flame extends to the outlet wake (see FIG. 6). Since the fixed point temperature changes because the flame formation position changes, when the ratio of oil is large, the flame extends to the combustor downstream side due to a shortage of supplied air, so the combustor outlet temperature becomes low.

<Stop process>
(8) Ignition plug ignition (9) Pilot burner ignition by propane inflow (10) Blower 17 is reduced to 20 cycles (1/3 of maximum output) (11) Gear pump 25 is stopped (12) Injection by residual pressure in fuel pipe The blower 17 is lowered as needed so that the combustion of a small amount of fuel can be maintained. (13) When the residual pressure in the fuel pipe becomes zero, the blower 17 is increased to 60 cycles (maximum output). (14) Propane stop and ignition Stop plug (15) Stop blower 17

  At this time, simply by stopping the gear pump 25, the emulsified fuel remaining in the fuel pipe is continuously injected due to the high internal pressure and discharged in an unburned state.

  Therefore, in order to avoid this, the air flow rate is reduced to decrease the turning speed, and the pilot burner is ignited to burn the remaining fuel that is intermittently injected even after the gear pump 25 is stopped. Thereby, the discharge of smoke can be suppressed. However, soot adheres to the casing 21 due to incomplete combustion due to lack of oxygen.

<Sudden stop process due to misfire>
(16) The procedures (8) to (12) are performed immediately.
(17) If combustion cannot be maintained, stop at (13) to (15). However, in this case, a large amount of smoke (fog) is generated outside the casing 21 by injection of unburned emulsified fuel remaining in the fuel pipe as described above. Emulsified fuel).

<Stirring state suddenly stopped due to misfire>
At the following time, the emulsified fuel is not uniformly mixed and becomes granular, and the combustion stops suddenly.

  ・ When the fuel is consumed in the mixer 15 and stirring is continued with the stirring blades exposed (see FIG. 5).

-The ratio of water is 50% vol. The mixer 15 is rotated at 50 cycles (5/6 of the maximum output) or more, however, it is also related to the stirrer temperature.
-The ratio of water is 50% vol. When exceeding, the injection temperature exceeds 150 ° C (see Fig. 7)

  Water 40% vol. Oil 60% vol. When the engine was started, the injection temperature increased rapidly and misfired after 29 minutes. After reignition, the injection temperature decreased and combustion was stabilized.

  In particular, the proportion of water is 50% vol. When the injection temperature exceeds 150 ° C., the mixed fuel is easily separated, and an unstable combustion state with intermittent luminance change and combustion noise occurs in the flame emission. In this state, the temperature of the mixed fuel returning from the gear pump 25 to the mixer 15 is also high, and the agitation state becomes unstable, so that the mixed fuel becomes granular in the mixer 15. In this case, it is necessary to temporarily stop the combustion and lower the injection temperature.

<Experimental result>
The mixing ratio of the raw water and the raw oil can ensure stable combustion when the ratio of the raw oil is large (up to 50% by volume). Further, when the proportion of the raw water increases to 50% or more of the volume ratio, the amount of air supplied in the heater 16 approaches the appropriate state from the insufficient state, the combustion temperature increases, and the heat transfer amount to the heating pipe 23 increases. As a result, the injection temperature rises. When the injection temperature exceeds 110 ° C., combustion gradually becomes intermittent, and when it exceeds 140 ° C., the flame is extinguished. This is because the mixed fuel begins to separate due to the temperature rise in the heating pipe 23 and water is continuously injected when the separation becomes severe due to the temperature rise. Moreover, since the temperature of the mixed fuel returned from the gear pump 25 to the mixer 15 also rises, a local high temperature region of the mixed fuel appears in the mixer 15, and the mixed state does not become stable and changes to a granular shape. It is. At present, stable combustion can be ensured until the ratio of the raw material water is up to 65% by volume, but if the ratio of the raw water is further increased, stable combustion becomes difficult.

  When the emulsified fuel changes into particles due to changes in the state of the temperature of the mixer 15, the rotational speed of the drive motor 20, the bubbles of the fuel liquid level, etc., the heater 16 and the mixer 15 are temporarily stopped, The temperature of the mixer 15 is made uniform by cutting off the supply of the high-temperature mixed fuel. When the mixer 15 is restarted, the fuel mixture becomes stable and is not granular. The stability of the fuel mixture was confirmed by collecting it in a beaker. The stable mixed fuel after re-stirring as described above was separated into water and oil by only 1% of the total amount after 24 hours. As for the mixed fuel by normal stirring, 80% of the total amount was separated into raw water and raw oil after 24 hours.

  The center temperature at the outlet of the heater 16 and the temperature near the wall were measured with a thermocouple. When the raw material oil is burned only with the A heavy oil, the center temperature = 900 ° C. and the wall surface temperature = 700 ° C. As the proportion of the raw material water increases, these temperatures increase, and when the volume ratio is 60%, the center temperature is about 1000 ° C. and the wall surface temperature is about 800 ° C. As described above, this is due to the fact that as the proportion of the raw material water increases, the air flow rate approaches an appropriate amount for the amount of raw material oil to be supplied. In addition, when operating only with A heavy oil, since the air flow rate from the blower 17 is insufficient, the length of the flame at the exit of the heater 16 is extended. Moreover, the flame length becomes shorter as the proportion of the raw water is increased. This is due to approaching complete combustion inside the heater 16, and the wall surface temperature is increased, leading to an increase in the injection temperature. An excessive increase in the injection temperature leads to instability of the mixed fuel, so control is necessary.

  Thus, in the present invention, after preliminarily emulsifying by mixing by the mixer 15, the emulsification is accelerated by the gear pump 25 and the temperature of the water-oil mixed fuel is increased by utilizing the heat of the combustion chamber 19. After reducing the viscosity, the optimal balance is to inject the mixed fuel from the injection nozzle 18 with a parallel flow of air at the center of the swirling flow of air as a peripheral flow. Stable combustion can be realized without misfiring water-oil mixed fuel (emulsified fuel) in which water and oil are mixed using shear force.

  The blower 17 is confirmed to ensure stable combustion by setting the injection pressure from the injection nozzle 18 in the combustion chamber 19 of the water / oil mixed fuel to 5 to 10 MPa, and the apparatus main body can be downsized. I was able to confirm that

  FIG. 8 is a graph showing the above-described water-oil experiment results. It has been found that when the stirring cycle is lowered from 40, the combustion temperature is lowered, and when the stirring cycle is raised to 60, the combustion temperature is raised. It has also been found that the injection temperature has almost no effect even if fuel is added to increase the stirring temperature.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Water-oil combustion apparatus 11 ... Water tank 12 ... Oil tank 12
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 13 ... Piping 14 ... Piping 15 ... Mixer 16 ... Heater 17 ... Blower 18 ... Injection nozzle 19 ... Combustion chamber 20 ... Drive motor 21 ... Casing 22 ... Piping 23 ... Heating pipe 24 ... Combustion nozzle chamber 25 ... Gear pump 26 ... Piping 27 ... Blower piping 27a ... Branch tube 27b ... Branch tube 28 ... Gear casing 29 ... Gear 30 ... Gear 31 ... Flow control valve

Claims (5)

A mixer for mixing raw water and raw oil at a predetermined ratio, a heater for heating the water-oil mixed fuel mixed in the mixer, and pressure air to the water-oil mixed fuel heated by the heater A blower for spraying, an injection nozzle for injecting a water-oil mixed fuel mixed with the pressure air blown by the blower, a combustion chamber for burning the water-oil mixed fuel injected from the injection nozzle, and the mixer A water-oil combustion apparatus comprising: a pump that is disposed between the heater and adjusts the pressure of the water-oil mixed fuel to the combustion chamber;
The pump is a water-oil combustion apparatus characterized in that the pressure of the water-oil mixed fuel to the combustion chamber is 5 to 10 MPa.   2. The water-oil combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a volume ratio of the raw water to the raw oil is in a range of 50%: 50% to 65%: 35%.   The water-oil combustion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the raw water is fresh water and the crude oil is A heavy oil.   The water-oil combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an injection port shape of the injection nozzle has a truncated cone shape.   The water-oil combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a gear pump is used as the pump.

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