JP2010538614A - コピー数変動の決定、方法およびシステム - Google Patents
コピー数変動の決定、方法およびシステム Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
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Abstract
Description
この出願は、米国特許法§119(e)の下、2007年9月7日に出願された米国仮特許出願第60/967,897号(この完全な開示は、参考として本明細書に援用される)の利益を主張する。
本発明は、小集団または個体からのゲノム内におけるコピー数変動を決定する方法に関し、生物学および医学の用途に有用である。
a)対象のゲノムDNAを含む試料における、標的遺伝子配列および参照遺伝子配列を前増幅するステップであり;これにより、増幅された試料を生成するステップと;
b)(a)の産物を複数の分離した反応体積に分配し、各反応体積における標的および参照遺伝子配列を増幅し、増幅された試料における、標的および参照遺伝子配列の相対量を決定することにより、デジタルPCRを行うステップであり、増幅された試料における標的および参照遺伝子配列の相対量が、ゲノムにおける標的および参照遺伝子配列の相対量に対応するステップを含む、方法を提供する。
対象のゲノムDNAを含む試料における標的遺伝子配列および参照遺伝子配列を前増幅するステップと;
デジタルPCRにより、前増幅された試料の標的遺伝子配列および参照遺伝子配列をアッセイするステップと;
(a)標的遺伝子配列を含む増幅されたポリヌクレオチド分子の数と、(b)参照遺伝子配列を含む増幅されたポリヌクレオチド分子の数とを決定し、(a)対(b)の比を決定するステップを含む、方法を提供する。
対象から得られたDNA試料の第一ポリヌクレオチド増幅を行うステップであり、参照配列が所定のゲノムコピー数Nを有する、標的ポリヌクレオチド配列および参照ポリヌクレオチド配列の両者が増幅され、これにより増幅された試料が生成される、ステップと;
増幅された試料の全部または一部を、複数の分離した反応体積に分配するステップと;
各反応体積において、第二ポリヌクレオチド増幅を行うステップであり、標的ポリヌクレオチド配列またはその部分配列が、存在する場合には増幅され、参照ポリヌクレオチド配列またはその部分配列が、存在する場合には増幅される、ステップと;
標的ポリヌクレオチド配列またはその部分配列が存在する反応体積の数Aを決定し、(b)参照ポリヌクレオチド配列またはその部分配列が存在する反応体積の数Bを決定するステップ;
を含み、ゲノムにおける標的ポリヌクレオチドのコピー数が、(A)/(B)×Nにほぼ等しい、方法を提供する。
標的および参照配列の増幅効率がほぼ等しいことが望ましいが、限定数の前増幅の温度サイクル(典型的には15未満、通常10または10未満、最も多くの場合には約5)により効率の任意の差が大きく軽減されることで、通常の差が結果に与える影響は有意でなくなる。
一実施形態においては、製造中に試薬が反応部位に堆積されるものを含む、マイクロ流体デバイスは、三層から形成される。下層は、試薬が上に堆積される層である。下層は、MLS方法につき上記される引用文献に記載されるように、様々なエラストマー材料から形成されうる。典型的には、材料は、ポリジメチルシロキサン(PDMS)エラストマーである。特定のデバイスに所望される反応部位の配置および位置に基づいて、適切な試薬がスポットされるべき下層上の位置を決定できる。PDMSは疎水性であるため、堆積された水性のスポットは縮小して非常に小さなスポットを形成する。前述のように、反応部位に導入された試薬は試料溶液中に溶解することが意図されるため、任意に堆積される試薬は、試薬とエラストマー表面の間に共有結合が形成されないように堆積される。
特定の目的遺伝子のコピー数変動を決定する記載の方法の一つの有用な応用には、ヘテロ接合性の消失(LOH)の検出が含まれる。本明細書に開示される技術は、ヘテロ接合性の減少の検出において、新たなレベルの感度および柔軟性を提供できる。典型的な応用には、検出および/または非正常なX染色体コピー数、または異数性の研究が含まれる。ヘテロ接合性の消失(LOH)は、正常なゲノムにおけるヘテロ接合状態から対合腫瘍ゲノムにおけるホモ接合状態への変化をさす。調査により、X染色体全体の消失が、多数の癌に関わることが示される。Moertel,CA.等、Cancer Genet.Cytogenet.67:21−27(1993)。例えば、卵巣癌の40%が、X染色体の領域のLOHを伴う。Osbourne,R.J.およびLeech,V.,Br.J.Cancer 69:429−438(1994)。また、X染色体の増加が、白血病およびリンパ腫において比較的一般的であることが示されている。Sandberg AA.“The X chromosome in human neoplasia,including sex chromatin and congenital conditions with X−chromosome anomalies.In:Sandberg AA,editor.Cytogenetics of the mammalian X chromosome,part B:X chromosome anomalies and their clinical manifestations.New York:Alan R.Liss,459−98(1983)。
Claims (17)
- 対象のゲノムにおける標的ポリヌクレオチド配列の相対的コピー数を決定する方法であって、該方法は:
該対象のゲノムDNAを含む試料において、標的遺伝子配列および参照遺伝子配列を前増幅するステップと;
デジタルPCRにより、該前増幅された試料の該標的遺伝子配列および該参照遺伝子配列を、アッセイするステップと;
(a)該標的遺伝子配列を含む増幅されたポリヌクレオチド分子の数と、(b)該参照遺伝子配列を含む増幅されたポリヌクレオチド分子の数とを決定し、(a)対(b)の比を決定するステップと
を含む、方法。 - 前記試料が、ヒトからのものである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記(a)対(b)の比が約0.5であり、一つの染色体上に(a)の欠失がある、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記(a)対(b)の比が約1.5であり、一つの染色体上に(a)の重複がある、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 対象のゲノムにおける標的ポリヌクレオチド配列のコピー数を決定する方法であり、
対象から得られたDNA試料の第一ポリヌクレオチド増幅を行うステップであり、参照配列が所定のゲノムコピー数Nを有する、標的ポリヌクレオチド配列および該参照ポリヌクレオチド配列の両者が増幅され、これによって増幅された試料を生成する、ステップと;
該増幅された試料の全てまたは一部を、複数の分離された反応体積に分配するステップと;
各反応体積において、第二ポリヌクレオチド増幅を行うステップであり、ここで、該標的ポリヌクレオチド配列またはその部分配列が、存在する場合には増幅され、該参照ポリヌクレオチド配列またはその部分配列が、存在する場合には増幅される、ステップと;
該標的ポリヌクレオチド配列またはその部分配列が存在する反応体積の数Aを決定し、(b)該参照ポリヌクレオチド配列またはその部分配列が存在する反応体積の数Bを決定するステップと;
を含み、該ゲノムにおける該標的ポリヌクレオチドの該コピー数が、(A)/(B)×Nにほぼ等しい、方法。 - 前記第一ポリヌクレオチド増幅を行うステップが、前記生体試料を、前記標的ポリヌクレオチド配列に特異的なプライマと参照ポリヌクレオチド配列に特異的なプライマとを含む組成物と組み合わせるステップと、標的ポリヌクレオチドおよび参照ポリヌクレオチドを実質的に等しい割合で別々に増幅するために、ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応法(PCR)アッセイを行うステップを含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記第一ポリヌクレオチド増幅が、4〜15のサイクルを含む、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記反応体積が、マイクロ流体デバイス中に配置され、該第一ポリヌクレオチド増幅が、前記マイクロ流体デバイスと別個の反応体積において行われる、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記分配するステップの前に、前記増幅された試料の全部または一部が、標的遺伝子配列および参照遺伝子配列の定量的増幅のために選択される試薬と合わせられる、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記第一ポリヌクレオチド増幅ステップにおいて使用される前記参照遺伝子配列増幅プライマが、前記第二ポリヌクレオチド増幅ステップにおいて使用されるものと同じである、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記第一ポリヌクレオチド増幅ステップにおいて使用される前記標的遺伝子配列増幅プライマが、前記第二ポリヌクレオチド増幅ステップにおいて使用されるものと同じである、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記試薬が、ポリヌクレオチド増幅に適切な条件下で、標的遺伝子配列に選択的にハイブリダイズする第一プローブと、参照遺伝子配列に選択的にハイブリダイズする第二プローブとを含む、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記第一および第二プローブが、異なる検出可能標識を含み、ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応法(PCR)ベースの重合の際の該第一もしくは第二プローブの結合、または該第一もしくは第二プローブの分解の結果、該各々の検出可能標識の検出可能蛍光の変化が生じる、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記参照遺伝子配列が、RNaseP酵素、ベータ−アクチンまたはGAPDHを少なくとも部分的にコードするポリヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 1の値から実質的に逸脱する、標的遺伝子配列 対 参照遺伝子配列の比が、患者の前記ゲノムにおける異常な標的遺伝子配列コピー数を示す、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記標的遺伝子配列の前記相対的コピー数を決定するステップには、前記対象の前記ゲノムにおけるヘテロ接合性の消失を検出するステップが含まれる、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 1より実質的に大きい、または小さい値を有する、標的遺伝子配列 対 参照遺伝子配列の比が、患者の前記ゲノムにおけるヘテロ接合性の消失を示す、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
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KR101518085B1 (ko) | 2015-05-07 |
US8148078B2 (en) | 2012-04-03 |
ES2380844T3 (es) | 2012-05-18 |
ATE541946T1 (de) | 2012-02-15 |
US8450065B2 (en) | 2013-05-28 |
EA018555B1 (ru) | 2013-08-30 |
EA201070349A1 (ru) | 2011-02-28 |
EP2198293A4 (en) | 2011-02-09 |
EP2198293B1 (en) | 2012-01-18 |
WO2009033178A1 (en) | 2009-03-12 |
MX2010002556A (es) | 2010-08-02 |
EP2198293A1 (en) | 2010-06-23 |
AU2008295992B2 (en) | 2014-04-17 |
JP5707132B2 (ja) | 2015-04-22 |
US20130260381A1 (en) | 2013-10-03 |
KR20100058566A (ko) | 2010-06-03 |
CA2698545C (en) | 2014-07-08 |
IL204288A (en) | 2013-06-27 |
CN101821619A (zh) | 2010-09-01 |
US20120282604A1 (en) | 2012-11-08 |
CA2698545A1 (en) | 2009-03-12 |
CN101821619B (zh) | 2015-02-11 |
AU2008295992A1 (en) | 2009-03-12 |
BRPI0816393A2 (pt) | 2015-03-03 |
US20090069194A1 (en) | 2009-03-12 |
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