JP2010223278A - Lubricating device of transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To secure a lubricating oil quantity for a synchronizing mechanism and a rotating mechanism arranged on a front end side of a counter shaft, in a manual transmission for the front engine rear wheel drive layout of a rear side lowering arrangement. <P>SOLUTION: A low speed gear 22 including the synchronizing mechanism 23 is arranged in the front end part of the counter shaft 20, and an oil separator 50 for covering outer circumferences of the counter shaft and gears above it in a non-contact manner is mounted in a transmission case 1. An upper edge part of a gear cover part of the oil separator covering an outer circumference of the synchronizing mechanism is lower than other upper edge parts and guide ribs 57, 58 for generating a flow to a direction of the gear cover part 51 is formed in the area of an outer circumferential surface of the oil separator, which is submerged in a lubricating oil. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a lubricating device such as a manual transmission, and more particularly to a device for lubricating using an oil separator.

Conventionally, as a manual transmission for FR, a plurality of gears that mesh with each other are provided on a main shaft and a counter shaft that are arranged in parallel to each other, and a gear train is constituted by these gears and is disposed below the main shaft. It is known that a plurality of gears on the counter shaft scoop up lubricating oil stored in the transmission case to lubricate gears, shafts, and the like. However, when there is a large amount of lubricating oil stored inside the transmission case, there is a problem that the oil agitation resistance increases with the rotation of the gear, and conversely, there is a possibility of poor lubrication when the lubricating oil is small. .

Therefore, a part called an oil separator is attached in the transmission case so as to surround the outer periphery of the counter shaft and a plurality of gears on the shaft, and the oil surface in the oil separator is stabilized, so that the above-described problems are avoided. A solution has been proposed.

In the case of the FR type manual transmission, the vehicle rear side is generally disposed downward. The reason is that the engine and transmission cannot lower the entire transmission to ensure the minimum ground clearance, whereas the rear wheel axle height is determined by the tire height. This is because, when the height is the same as the height, the crossing angle of the propeller shaft becomes large and there is a problem of durability. In such a rearwardly lowered transmission, a low-speed gear pair (for example, a 1-2 speed gear) having a synchronization mechanism may be provided at the front end of the counter shaft in the vehicle direction. In this case, the pair of gears located on both sides of the sync mechanism is supported rotatably on the counter shaft via a rotation mechanism such as a bearing. Therefore, it is necessary to supply a sufficient amount of lubricating oil to the rotating mechanism and the synchro mechanism. However, in the case of the rear-lowering arrangement, the oil level on the front end side of the countershaft is lowered, so that lubrication to the synchro mechanism and the rotating mechanism portion is performed. There is a problem of shortage.

In Patent Document 1, the upper end of the oil separator is set higher than the oil level of the lubricating oil stored in the transmission case, so that the oil level in the oil separator is set lower than the oil level outside the oil separator. In this document, the oil agitation resistance during high-speed rotation is reduced. In this case, a sealing means is provided between the axial end of the oil separator and the transmission case so that the lubricating oil does not flow from the oil separator outside to the oil separator inside. In this transmission, a 1-2 speed gear having a synchro mechanism is provided at the front end portion of the countershaft. However, the 1-2 speed gear having the sync mechanism is provided in a separate chamber from other gears. There is a problem that the inside of the machine needs to be divided into a plurality of parts and the structure becomes complicated.

JP 2003-269586 A

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating device for a transmission that can secure an amount of lubricating oil for a synchronizing mechanism and a rotating mechanism disposed on the front end side of a counter shaft in an FR manual transmission that is rearwardly lowered. is there.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a plurality of gears that mesh with each other on a main shaft and a counter shaft that are arranged in parallel to each other. In the FR transmission in which a plurality of gears on the countershaft are used to lift up lubricating oil stored in the transmission case to lubricate gears, shafts, and the like, the main shaft and the countershaft vehicle The transmission case is tilted and supported so that the rear side is lower than the front side of the vehicle, and a low speed gear having a synchro mechanism is provided at the front end of the counter shaft in the vehicle. An oil separator that covers the countershaft and a plurality of gears on the shaft in a non-contact manner is attached. An upper edge portion of the gear cover portion of the oil separator covering the outer periphery of the low speed gear and the synchro mechanism is formed lower than the other upper edge portion of the oil separator, and is an outer peripheral surface of the oil separator, There is provided a lubricating device for a transmission, characterized in that guide ribs for causing a flow in the direction of the gear cover portion are provided in a region immersed in lubricating oil stored outside a separator.

In the case of a rearwardly lowered transmission, the oil level on the front end side of the countershaft becomes low, and there is a possibility that the synchro mechanism disposed between the low speed gears is insufficiently lubricated. In the present invention, the upper edge of the gear cover of the oil separator that covers the outer periphery of the low speed gear and the synchro mechanism is lower than the other upper edge, and the guide rib is provided on the outer surface of the oil separator. The lubricating oil stored outside the fuel flows forward, and the lubricating oil flows into the gear cover portion of the oil separator that covers the outer periphery of the low-speed gear and the synchro mechanism. As a result, the synchro mechanism and the rotation mechanism can be efficiently lubricated. Although the oil level on the rear end side of the countershaft is higher, the upper end of the gear cover part of the oil separator that covers the rear end side of the countershaft is raised to suppress the inflow of lubricating oil into the oil separator. The oil stirring resistance accompanying the rotation of the gear can be reduced.

As the guide rib, for example, the tip of the guide rib is brought close to the inner surface of the transmission case, so that it is lifted by the countershaft gear out of the oil surface of the lubricating oil existing between the outer surface of the oil separator and the inner surface of the transmission case. Alternatively, the oil surface on which the lubricating oil flows down may be made higher than the oil surface on the opposite side so that the lubricating oil flows to the front end portion of the countershaft. Further, the flow of the lubricating oil may be directed forward using the fluid energy of the lubricating oil that flows down along the inner surface of the transmission case.

Since the guide rib can also be used as a reinforcing rib that connects the gear cover portions of the oil separator in the axial direction, the oil separator can be prevented from bending and the oil separator can be prevented from contacting the gear and the transmission case.

As described above, in the FR transmission according to the present invention, the oil surface on the front end side of the countershaft is lowered because it is disposed rearwardly. However, a guide rib is provided on the outer surface of the oil separator, and the low-speed gear and the synchro mechanism Since the upper end of the gear cover part of the oil separator that covers the outer periphery is lower than the upper end of the other part, the lubricating oil pumped up by the gear on the counter shaft can flow to the front end side of the counter shaft, The synchro mechanism and its rotation mechanism can be efficiently lubricated. In addition, since the upper end of the oil separator is at a high position on the rear end side of the countershaft, the oil level can be lowered, and the oil agitation resistance accompanying the rotation of the gear can be reduced.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an example of the FR transmission according to the present invention. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an oil separator according to the present invention. It is sectional drawing in each position of an oil separator.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to examples.

FIG. 1 shows an example of an FR manual transmission according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, in a transmission case 1, an input shaft (main shaft) 10 and a countershaft 20 are disposed in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body and parallel to each other. An output shaft 30 is coaxially disposed on the rear end side of the input shaft 10. A clutch housing 2 is fixed to the front side of the transmission case 1, and a rear case 3 is fixed to the rear side of the transmission case 1. A predetermined amount of lubricating oil is stored in the transmission case 1, and the transmission case 1 is disposed so as to be lowered rearward so that the oil level OL is higher on the rear side as shown by the hatched lines in FIG. . The inclination angle of the transmission in this embodiment is about 5 °, and the oil level OL indicated by the oblique lines is the oil level when the transmission is stopped.

A first speed gear 11, a reverse gear 12, and a second speed gear 13 are sequentially fixed or integrally formed at the front end portion of the input shaft 10, and a fifth speed gear 14 and a third speed gear are located behind the second speed gear 13. 15 is rotatably supported. Between the fifth speed gear 14 and the third speed gear 15, a fifth speed switching sync mechanism 16 is provided. Between the rear end of the input shaft 10 and the front end of the output shaft 30, a 3-4 speed switching sync mechanism 17 is provided. When the synchro mechanism 17 is operated to the left side in FIG. 1, the third speed state is established, and when the synchro mechanism 17 is operated to the right side in FIG. 1, the input shaft 10 and the output shaft 30 are directly connected to enter the fourth speed state.

A first speed gear 21 and a second speed gear 22 that mesh with the first speed gear 11 and the second speed gear 13 of the input shaft 10 are rotatably supported at the front end portion of the counter shaft 20, respectively. Is provided with a 1-2 speed switching synchro mechanism 23. A reverse gear 24 a is provided on the outer periphery of the sleeve 24 constituting the synchronization mechanism 23. A fifth gear 25, a third gear 26, and a reduction gear 27 are sequentially fixed or integrally formed behind the second gear 22 of the counter shaft 20. As shown in FIG. 2, the counter shaft 20 is disposed at a position below the input shaft 10. The lubricating oil stored in the transmission case 1 is pumped up by the gear on the countershaft 20 and flows in the direction of the arrow in FIG. Part of the lubricating oil that has been pumped up lubricates the input shaft 10, and the remaining part flows down along the inner wall of the transmission case 1 to the front side in the rotational direction of the counter shaft 20. The oil that has lubricated the input shaft 10 is received by the flange 18 along with the rotation of the gear and the like on the input shaft 10, and is sent to the axial oil passage 10 a of the input shaft 10. Then, the oil supplied to the gear on the input shaft 10 and the synchro mechanism through the axial oil passage 10a is accumulated at the bottom of the transmission case 1, and is again pumped up by the gear on the countershaft 20.

An output gear 31 that meshes with the reduction gear 27 of the countershaft 20 is integrally formed at the front end portion of the output shaft 30. The rear end portion of the output shaft 30 protrudes rearward from the rear case 3 and is connected to the rear wheel shaft via a propeller shaft (not shown).

An idler shaft 40 is fixed in parallel to the input shaft 10 in the transmission case 1, and a reverse idler gear 41 is supported on the shaft 40 so as to be rotatable and slidable in the axial direction. By operating the reverse idler gear 41 in the axial direction with a fork, the reverse idler gear 41 can be meshed simultaneously with the reverse gear 12 of the input shaft 10 and the reverse gear 24a of the countershaft 20 to constitute a reverse stage.

In the transmission case 1, an oil separator 50 that covers the lower outer periphery of the counter shaft 20 and the plurality of gears 22 to 27 on the shaft 20 in a non-contact manner is attached in a state where both ends are supported. As shown in FIG. 3, the oil separator 50 is integrally formed of resin or metal, and covers the gear cover portion 51 that covers the second-speed gear 22 and the 1-2-speed switching sync mechanism 23, and the fifth-speed gear 25. A gear cover portion 53 that covers the gear cover portion 52 and the third gear 26 and a gear cover portion 54 that covers the reduction gear 27 are sequentially formed from the front. The outer peripheral surfaces of the gear cover portions 51, 53, 54 are close to the inner wall of the transmission case 1 (see FIG. 1). The front end of the oil separator 50 is terminated immediately before the first speed gear 21 and the outer periphery of the first speed gear 21 is not covered. A minute gap is provided between the rear end of the oil separator 50 and the rear end wall of the transmission case 1.

As shown in FIG. 4A, the upper edge portions 51 a and 51 b of the gear cover portion 51 covering the outer periphery of the second speed gear 22 and the 1-2 speed switching synchro mechanism 23 are the other upper edge portions of the oil separator 50. It is formed lower. Of the upper edge portion of the gear cover portion 51, the rotation direction front side 51 a and the rotation direction rear side 51 b of the counter shaft 20 have substantially the same height and are positioned below the axis of the counter shaft 20 by a height H. .

As shown in FIG. 4B, the upper edge of the gear cover 53 that covers the outer periphery of the third speed gear 26 is set such that the rear side 53b in the rotational direction of the countershaft 20 is higher than the front side 53a. Since the upper edge portion 53b on the rear side in the rotational direction is higher than the upper edge portion 53a on the front side and extends in the circumferential direction, the lubricating oil present in the oil separator 50 can be efficiently scraped in the direction of the input shaft 10. . Further, the upper edge portion 53a on the front side in the rotational direction is substantially the same height as the axis of the counter shaft 20 and extends in the tangential direction, so that it receives the lubricating oil falling from above and introduces it into the oil separator 50. Work.

As shown in FIG. 4C, the gear cover portion 54 covering the outer periphery of the reduction gear 27 has the same shape as the cover portion 53, and the upper edge portion 54b on the rear side in the rotation direction of the countershaft 20 is the upper edge on the front side. It is set higher than the part 54a. The height of the upper edge 53a on the front side is substantially the same as the axis of the countershaft 20.

In the oil separator 50, between the gear cover portion 51 and the gear cover portion 53 and between the gear cover portion 53 and the gear cover portion 54, small-diameter shaft cover portions 55 and 56 that cover the outer periphery of the countershaft 20 are formed. . Guide ribs 57 and 58 that connect adjacent gear cover portions in the axial direction are integrally formed on the outer surfaces of the shaft cover portions 55 and 56, respectively. That is, the guide rib 57 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft cover portion 55 between the gear cover portion 51 and the gear cover portion 53, and the guide rib 58 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft cover portion 56 between the gear cover portion 53 and the gear cover portion 54. Has been. The guide ribs 57 and 58 are formed at the same position in the circumferential direction, and have a function of blocking lubricating oil and a function of a reinforcing rib that reinforces the oil separator 50 as will be described later.

As shown in FIG. 2, the guide ribs 57 and 58 are formed on the lower side of the oil separator 50, that is, in a region that is always immersed in the lubricating oil. The leading ends of the guide ribs 57 and 58 are close to the inner wall surface of the transmission case 1. Of the lubricating oil accumulated between the oil separator 50 and the transmission case 1, the countershaft 20 is rotated forward (oil A temporary damming effect is exhibited so that the oil level on the inflow side rises from the rear side (oil pumping side) in the rotation direction. In particular, since the M / T oil has a higher viscosity than the A / T oil, the flow can be controlled without strictly closing the gap. Of the gear cover portion of the oil separator 50, the upper edge portion 51a on the front end side of the vehicle body is lower than the others, so that the lubricating oil whose oil level has risen preferentially flows into the gear cover portion 51 from the upper edge portion 51a (see the arrow in FIG. 3). (Shown by F), the 1-2-speed switching synchro mechanism 23 located in the gear cover portion 51 is lubricated. Further, since the gear cover portion 51 on the front end side of the oil separator 50 has a larger diameter than the other gear cover portions, the lower end surface of the inner wall of the gear cover portion 51 is the lowest on the front side of the vehicle. Lubricating oil can be stored in the portion 51. Since there is a step 63 (see FIG. 3) between the gear cover portion 51 on the front end side and the gear cover portion 52 located next to the gear cover portion 51, the lubricating oil that has entered the gear cover portion 51 hardly flows in the direction of the gear cover portion 52. The oil level in 51 can be secured.

An arm portion 59 is integrally formed at the front end portion of the oil separator 50, and a protruding portion 60 that protrudes forward is formed at the tip of the arm portion 59. The protrusion 60 is fitted into a hole (not shown) formed in the rear surface of the clutch housing 2, and a bolt is inserted into a through hole 61 formed in the intermediate portion of the arm portion 59 to be fastened to the clutch housing 2. Is done. A rearward projecting pin 62 is integrally formed at the rear end of the oil separator 50, and this pin 62 is fitted into a hole (not shown) formed at the rear end of the transmission case 1. Therefore, the oil separator 50 is attached in a state where both ends are supported. The support structure of the oil separator 50 is not limited to one that supports the front and rear end portions at one place as described above, and may support the front and rear end portions at a plurality of places.

Here, the lubrication action by the oil separator 50 will be described. Since the present transmission is arranged to be rearwardly lowered, the oil level OL of the lubricating oil is lower on the front end side of the countershaft 20 and higher on the rear end side, as indicated by hatching in FIG. Since the oil separator 50 is disposed between the counter shaft 20 and the transmission case 1, the oil level of the lubricating oil stored in the transmission case 1 is different between inside and outside the oil separator 50. . The oil level OL becomes higher at the rear end side of the transmission, but since the oil pumped up by the gear flows to the outside of the oil separator 50, the oil level inside the oil separator 50 can be made lower than the outside. Therefore, the oil level around the 3rd speed gear 26 and the reduction gear 27 located on the rear end side can be kept low, and the oil agitation resistance accompanying the rotation of these gears can be reduced. Further, since the oil level on the front end side of the transmission is lowered, there is a possibility that the 1-2 speed switching synchro mechanism 23 located on the front end side of the countershaft 20 may be insufficiently lubricated. However, as described above, the guide ribs 57 and 58 are formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the shaft cover portions 55 and 56 of the oil separator 50, and the lubricating oil accumulated outside the oil separator 50 by the damming effect of these guide ribs is The oil level on the front side in the rotational direction of the countershaft 20 rises. Moreover, since the upper edge portions 51a and 51b on the front end side of the oil separator 50 are lower than the others, the lubricating oil whose oil level has risen preferentially flows into the gear cover portion 51 from the upper edge portions 51a and 51b, and the speed 1-2. The switching synchro mechanism 23 can be efficiently lubricated. Therefore, even with a rearwardly descending transmission, it is possible to ensure the amount of lubricating oil of the front-end 1-2 second speed switching synchro mechanism 23.

The guide rib 57 shown in FIG. 2 is formed at a position closer to the rear side in the rotational direction of the countershaft 20 (oil scooping side) than directly below the shaft cover portion 55, but may be directly below the shaft cover portion 55. Alternatively, it may be formed at a position close to the front side in the rotation direction.

In the above description, the leading ends of the guide ribs 57 and 58 are close to the inner wall of the transmission case 1, and the oil level on the front side in the rotational direction of the countershaft 20 of the lubricating oil accumulated outside the oil separator 50 rises. In the example shown in FIG. 4, when the lubricating oil pumped up by the gear on the countershaft 20 flows down along the inner surface of the transmission case 1, the guide ribs 57 and 58 use the fluid energy of the lubricating oil. You may make it point to the front. In this case, the guide ribs 57 and 58 are preferably provided in the vicinity of the upper end portions of the shaft cover portions 55 and 56 on the front side in the rotation direction of the counter shaft.

1 Transmission case 2 Clutch housing 3 Rear case 10 Main shaft (input shaft)
11, 12, 13, 14, 15 Gear 16, 17 Synchro mechanism 20 Counter shaft 21 First speed gear 22 Second speed gear 23 1-2 speed switching sync mechanism 25 5th gear 26 3rd gear 27 Reduction gear 30 Output shaft 31 Output gear 50 Oil separator 51-54 Gear cover part 55, 56 Shaft cover part 57, 58 Guide rib

Claims (1)

A plurality of gears that mesh with each other are provided on a main shaft and a counter shaft that are arranged in parallel to each other, and the plurality of gears constitute a transmission gear train and a plurality of gears on the counter shaft that are arranged below the main shaft. In the FR transmission that lifts the lubricating oil stored in the transmission case to lubricate the gears, shafts, etc.
The transmission case is tilted and supported so that the vehicle rear side of the main shaft and the counter shaft is lower than the vehicle front side,
A low-speed gear having a synchro mechanism is provided at the front end of the counter shaft.
An oil separator that covers the outer periphery of the counter shaft and a plurality of gears on the shaft in a non-contact manner is installed in the transmission case,
The upper edge portion of the gear cover portion of the oil separator that covers the outer periphery of the low speed gear and the synchro mechanism is formed lower than the other upper edge portion of the oil separator,
A transmission comprising a guide rib for causing a flow in the direction of the gear cover portion in an outer circumferential surface of the oil separator and in a region immersed in lubricating oil stored outside the oil separator. Lubrication equipment.

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