JP2010115640A - Recovery of soluble salt from aqueous solution - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus equipped with a reactor for forming insoluble chemical compounds from a salt containing an aqueous solution to be treated. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus includes the reactor which contains a pair of electrodes that are connected to a power supply and a magnetic induction source located outside the apparatus and one of which is inserted oppositely to the other in the vicinity of the side of the reactor, a second pair of electrodes that are connected to a frequency generator located outside the reactor and one of which is inserted within the reactor oppositely to the other and adjacently to the first pair of electrodes, a spiral-shaped conducting element that is located outside the reactor and is connected to the power supply and the magnetic induction source, injection of photonized air that is produced by a blowing pump and a photon emitter entering the reactor through a capillary located adjacently to the electrode connected to the negative pole of the power supply so that the capillary is located as close as possible to a reactor bottom, an electromagnetic field generator and an adjustable frequency generator located outside the reactor, and a speed-adjustable paddle stirring means that is located at the center of the reactor. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The field of application of the present invention is the recovery of soluble salts by making them soluble by chemical, electrical and magnetic processes.

  There are many state-of-the-art processes that result in insoluble products from chemical reactions. On the other hand, other reactions form soluble salts, which is why they cannot be separated from aqueous solutions.

  The present invention solves this technical problem by removing all soluble salts from an aqueous solution and forcing them to form insoluble compounds.

  Examples of processes for forming insoluble salts are found in the state of the art as follows.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-255627 discloses a salt insolubilization process as a pretreatment for preventing the membrane from functioning by reverse osmosis. This process does not use a magnetic field or frequency and cannot insolubilize chloride or sulfate.

  U.S. Pat. No. 5,858,249 describes the insolubilization of ionic species in one type of electrolytic cell that serves as electrocoagulation to form insoluble material by adding ions of a sacrificial electrode using salts originally contained in an aqueous solution. This process is not capable of precipitating chloride or sulfate.

  Chinese Patent Document CN1131127 discloses a process for insolubilization of salts contained in an aqueous solution by adding chemical reagents such as phosphates and barium salts. By filtering the aqueous solution, in this case water, the precipitated solution is separated, resulting in a lower salt content. In this process, no electric, magnetic or frequency fields are applied and no compound can be formed.

  The present invention includes a procedure for forming an insoluble compound in a liquid medium by physical stimulation. The compound thus formed may be an inorganic compound or an organic compound, and may be a simple compound or a complex compound. The technical problem solved by the present invention is that when a highly soluble salt is converted to an insoluble compound so that the insoluble compound can be profited from the separated and purified residual solution from the aqueous solution. It is a problem.

  In a single phase or single reactor, reaction mechanisms and physical changes occur, such as the initial precipitation of compounds that serve as nuclei for subsequent nucleation and other types of absorption mechanisms formed. The formation of these first precipitates is due to the action of an electromagnetic field applied by an ultra-filtered current sent through the electrode, in addition to the contribution of ions by one of the electrodes acting as a sacrificial electrode. .

  Thereafter, the contribution of the second ion, usually aluminum, calcium, iron, lead or tin, is added to form a new compound with the salt contained in the aqueous solution. This increases the size of the initially formed nuclei with these new compounds, and at this stage absorption of the other non-complex salts formed takes place.

  By applying electromagnetic wave frequencies in the radio spectrum of frequencies from 1 KHz to 2 MHz, different compounds are formed depending on the selection of processes realized by electromagnetic wave generators with different geometric shapes and frequencies.

Among the many possible applications for this technique, the following are typical.
○ Seawater desalination, chloride and sulfate precipitation ○ Salt removal from acidic water by mining operations ○ Salt precipitation from mining PLS solution ○ Drinking water treatment, chloride and sulfate precipitation ○ Boiler water treatment and cooling , Removal of chloride and sulfate ○ Irrigation water treatment, precipitation of chloride and sulfate ○ Irrigation water treatment, precipitation of phosphate and nitrate ○ Sewage treatment, precipitation of chloride, sulfate and phosphate ○ Sewage treatment Precipitation of nitrate, nitrate and nitrite ○ Generally salt insolubilization in processes for manufacturing drugs and chemical reagents ○ Precipitation of salt as a pretreatment for ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis processes

  These examples are the best known examples, but the advantage that many other processes can insolubilize normally soluble salts and thus optimize the performance and / or purity of the resulting product. Can be used. Thus, if a process uses some or the entire technology of the present invention, it is within the scope of the present invention.

  In this technique, an ultrafiltration continuous current having a variable sinusoidal geometric waveform, an attenuated sawtooth pulse, a square wave pulse, and an electromagnetic signal of a radio spectrum are applied through a set of electrodes. When all these are combined, it is possible to accelerate the precipitation reaction.

  In addition, there should be a preferential pH range for the precipitation, which should be between pH 4 and pH 12. However, excellent results are obtained using this process at any of the pH scale ranges. Subsequently, there is a constant solidification stage of the precipitated particles, which is electrically assisted. The applied voltage corresponding to the electromagnetic field is also within a certain range, which must be between 1 and 100 volts, while the current strength used should be between 10 mA and 3A. As described above, the voltage and electromagnetic signals are applied through electrodes immersed in the solution to be processed. The material used to make up the electrode depends on the quality of the water. These materials may be lead, platinum, aluminum, copper, coal, gold, tin, zinc, iron, titanium, boron, nickel or diamond.

The entire procedure for forming insoluble material is performed in a single device. This device is composed of a variety of different elements. That is,
-It is connected to a power source and magnetic induction source outside the apparatus and contains a pair of electrodes of different construction and made of different materials, one inserted on the other side near the side of the reactor Reactor.
Made of different construction materials with different configurations, connected to a frequency generator located outside the reactor, one inserted into the reactor on the opposite side of the other, adjacent to the first electrode pair A second electrode pair.
A helically conductive element located outside the reactor and connected to a power source and a magnetic induction source, through which a current that generates a specific magnetic field flows.
Blowing pump and photon emission entering the reactor through a capillary located adjacent to the electrode connected to the cathode of the power supply so that the capillary is as close to the bottom of the reactor as possible Photonized air jet produced by the body.
An electromagnetic field generator and an adjustable frequency generator located outside the reactor.
-Variable speed paddle stirring means located in the center of the reactor.

  In addition, the execution of all of these processes can be performed in other facilities with more than one device.

  The process for forming the precipitate includes specific pressure and temperature values in the range of 1-10 bar and 0-90 ° C., respectively. This is due to the fact that the precipitation process is based on a concentration that suggests a deviation in the balance constant that allows supersaturation. The effect of temperature affects the kinetics of the reaction, thereby enhancing the precipitation process. This is because molecular collisions accelerate and as a result, the rate constant increases. The same result occurs with the application of external pressure. An obvious example is jarosite precipitation, which is why these variables need to be applied since this formation is not possible under normal conditions.

It is a figure which shows the component of this invention, and its connection.

  This process has a pair of electrodes (2 and 3) connected to a power source and a magnetic induction source (4) and a second electrode pair (5 and 6) connected to a frequency generator (7). Performed in a single step in an apparatus with reactor (1). A stream of pressurized photonized air containing ozone and oxidant-free radicals enters the reactor from an air pump (9) that circulates air through a photon generator (10). In addition, a spiral conductive element (11) surrounds the outside of the reactor, and a current for generating a specific magnetic field circulates through the spiral conductive element (11). Said element is connected to a power source and a magnetic induction source (4) for generating a current. Everything is stirred by a mechanical or magnetic stirrer (8) and a chemical reagent is added that adds ions that are not present in the aqueous solution and are necessary to complete the desired insoluble compound. In most cases, calcium ions and hydroxyl ions are inadequate, which is why lime is preferably used as a single reagent.

Example 1:
For example, when taking up the application of the seawater desalination process, the mechanism used is as follows.

First of all, an air mix passing through photons is applied and then applied directly to seawater. The resulting reaction is as follows.

The reaction is applied up to pH> 9.8 units. An electric field is applied through the aluminum electrode, thereby causing the following second electrolytic reaction.

Aluminum reacts with OH ions, resulting in first nucleation based on the following reaction.

Once the aluminum hydroxide nuclei are formed, calcium hydroxide is added and a radio frequency of 1.8 MHz wavelength is applied, followed by the following sulfate, chloride and phosphate precipitation reactions.

Alternatively, copper ions can also be formed by applying them on a pair of copper electrodes together with the formation of aluminum ions, first of all causing the following reaction.

Based on the following reaction, nitrate is captured from the medium.

The above, and in the previous radio frequency and field means, lead to the following reactions:

  Chloride, sulfate, phosphate and nitrate precipitated. The removal of anions together with the removal of aluminum, copper and calcium. Each precipitate formed has an excellent ability to absorb heavy metals.

  These insoluble materials as formed are typically fine precipitates that should grow. In order to promote growth, flocculation is caused by adding polymer, followed by separation by sedimentation and subsequent filtration.

The following table shows the operating conditions and application amounts when experiencing using sea water from San Antonio, the fifth region.

The following table shows the efficiency achieved when removing salt from seawater. This table includes an untreated column indicating the quality of the seawater. The column after treatment shows the value reached after sand and coal flocculation and filtration. The% removal column shows the effectiveness obtained.

Example 2:
Another example of the use of salting out precipitation is insolubilization of sulfate in mining water.

  For this, a water sample with an initial sulfate content of 5,200 mg / L was obtained at the Collahuasi mine.

The compound used was a precipitate such as a precipitate of sodium jarosite.

  The element M may be sodium or potassium. For this purpose, the following mechanism was used.

First of all, an air mix passing through photons is applied and then applied directly to seawater. The resulting reaction is as follows.

The reaction is applied up to pH> 9.8 units. An electric field is applied through the aluminum electrode, thereby causing the following second electrolytic reaction.

Aluminum reacts with OH ions, resulting in first nucleation based on the following reaction.

In equilibrium, aluminum hydroxide nuclei are formed and then precipitate as jarosite in the medium by radio frequency and electric field.

The operating conditions are as follows.

The results obtained are as follows.

  In this way, a variety of different insoluble components can be constructed that can reduce salt.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Reactor 2 Electrode 3 Electrode 4 Power supply and magnetic induction source 5 Electrode 6 Electrode 7 Frequency generator 8 Mechanical or magnetic stirring apparatus 9 Air pump 10 Photon generator 11 Helical conductive element

Claims (7)

An apparatus comprising a reactor for forming an insoluble compound from a salt containing an aqueous solution to be treated, the reactor comprising:
a) a pair of electrodes of different construction and made of different materials, connected to a power source and a magnetic induction source outside the apparatus, one inserted near the side of the reactor on the opposite side of the other; ,
b) having a different configuration, connected to a frequency generator located outside the reactor, one inserted into the reactor on the opposite side of the other, adjacent to the first electrode pair A second electrode pair made of different constituent materials;
c) a helically conductive element located outside the reactor and connected to a power source and a magnetic induction source through which a current generating a specific magnetic field flows;
d) a blow pump that enters the reactor through the capillary located adjacent to the electrode connected to the cathode of the power source so that the capillary is as close as possible to the bottom of the reactor; A photonized air jet produced by a photon emitter;
e) an electromagnetic field generator and an adjustable frequency generator located outside the reactor;
f) An apparatus for forming an insoluble compound, comprising a variable speed paddle stirring means located in the center of the reactor.   An apparatus for forming an insoluble compound, variable sinusoidal geometry applied by a power source and a magnetic induction source, combined or individually through electrode pairs that can accelerate the precipitation reaction Ultrasonic continuous current voltage, a damped sawtooth pulse, a square wave pulse, and an electromagnetic wave signal with a radio spectrum are applied, and these electrodes connect the electrodes to the electric and magnetic field generators and to the frequency generator. The device that is included in the device to be.   The reaction occurring in the reactor is in any range of pH scale depending on the equilibrium constant, preferably in the range of pH 4 to pH 12, followed by an electrically assisted solidification movement stage of the precipitated particles. An apparatus for forming the insoluble compound described in 1.   The apparatus for forming an insoluble compound according to claim 1, wherein the applied voltage corresponds to an electromagnetic field having a voltage of 1 to 100 volts and a current density of 10 mA to 3A.   Electromagnetic field and / or frequency with different types of electrodes made of one of the following elements: lead, platinum, aluminum, copper, coal, gold, tin, zinc, iron, titanium, boron, nickel, diamond The apparatus for forming an insoluble compound according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is fed through a pair, the first electrode acting in cooperation with another electrode of the same element and the other electrode or alloy thereof.   The apparatus for forming insoluble compounds according to claim 1, wherein the performance of all processes in the reactor is in the temperature range of 0-90 ° C and in the pressure range of 1-10 bar. A method for using an apparatus for forming an insoluble compound comprising:
a) providing a leaching reactor having a pair of electrodes of different construction and made of different materials, one inserted near the side of the reactor, the other on the other side;
b) providing a second electrode pair having a different configuration and made of a different constituent material, wherein one is inserted adjacent to the first electrode pair on the opposite side of the other in the reactor; ,
c) providing a power source located outside the reactor;
d) providing a frequency generator located outside the reactor;
e) providing a photonized air injection system;
f) providing an air pump and capillary located adjacent to an electrode connected to the cathode of the power source;
g) providing an electromagnetic field generator and an adjustable frequency generator located outside the reactor;
h) providing a variable speed paddle stirring means located in the center of the reactor;
i) providing a helical conductive element surrounding the outside of the reactor;
j) introducing a solution having an insoluble compound into the reactor;
k) injecting air containing ozone and free radicals into the reactor by using an air pump, the photonized air injector and the capillary tube;
l) simultaneously applying an electromagnetic signal of frequency or radio spectrum to the solution containing insoluble compounds in the reactor by using the frequency generator and a pair of electrodes;
m) simultaneously applying a voltage composed of a pulsating continuous current to the solution containing insoluble compounds in the reactor by using the power source and another electrode pair;
n) simultaneously applying a specific magnetic field by using said helical conductive element;
o) simultaneously stirring the solution containing insoluble compounds in the reactor by using the paddle stirring means;
p) simultaneously adding a chemical reagent, preferably lime, that adds ions that are not present in the aqueous solution and are needed to complete the desired insoluble compound;
q) adding a second ion contribution such as aluminum, calcium, iron, lead, tin, etc. to form a new compound with a salt contained in the aqueous solution.

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