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JP2010100730A - Epoxy resin composition - Google Patents

Epoxy resin composition Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2010100730A
JP2010100730A JP2008273330A JP2008273330A JP2010100730A JP 2010100730 A JP2010100730 A JP 2010100730A JP 2008273330 A JP2008273330 A JP 2008273330A JP 2008273330 A JP2008273330 A JP 2008273330A JP 2010100730 A JP2010100730 A JP 2010100730A
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Prior art keywords
epoxy resin
resin composition
acid anhydride
liquid
curing accelerator
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Inventor
Atsushi Nohara
敦 野原
Tomoko Iida
智子 飯田
Manabu Kaneko
学 金子
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Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
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Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an epoxy resin composition having an excellent pot life and storage stability, sufficiently curable at &le;150&deg;C, and providing a cured product having excellent heat resistance. <P>SOLUTION: The epoxy resin composition contains as essential components (A) a glycidyl ether-type liquid epoxy resin, (B) a liquid polycarboxylic acid anhydride and (C) a tertiary amine curing accelerator or an imidazole-based curing accelerator. Preferably, the liquid polycarboxylic acid anhydride (B) is methylnadic anhydride, the liquid polycarboxylic acid anhydride (B) is hydrogenated methylnadic anhydride, and the curing accelerator (C) is a microcapsule-type imidazole. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

本発明は低粘度で、ポットライフや貯蔵安定性に優れ、硬化物の耐熱性、及び靭性に優れるエポキシ樹脂組成物に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an epoxy resin composition having low viscosity, excellent pot life and storage stability, and excellent heat resistance and toughness of a cured product.

エポキシ樹脂組成物は、硬化後の機械的特性、電気的特性に優れるため広い分野に用いられている。例えば、電子材料用封止剤、塗料・舗装材料、あるいは接着剤と多岐に亘っている。さらに近年、機械特性、耐熱性に優れることから繊維強化複合材料用マトリックス樹脂として用いられるようになってきており、特に炭素繊維を補強材として航空機用から釣竿、ゴルフクラブシャフト等の汎用用途まで広く用いられている。   Epoxy resin compositions are used in a wide range of fields because they are excellent in mechanical properties and electrical properties after curing. For example, there are a wide variety of sealants for electronic materials, paints / paving materials, and adhesives. In recent years, it has come to be used as a matrix resin for fiber reinforced composite materials because of its excellent mechanical properties and heat resistance. In particular, it is widely used for aircraft, fishing rods, golf club shafts and other general-purpose applications using carbon fiber as a reinforcing material. It is used.

これらの成形方法としては、プリプレグ(マトリックス樹脂と補強繊維とを組み合わせた複合材料用前駆体)を使用する方法の他、ハンドレイアップ法、フィラメントワインディング(FW)法、レジントランスファーモールディング(RTM)法、インジェクション法等があり、その中でFW、あるいはRTM法に使用される樹脂組成物としては、硬化後のコンポジット物性に優れることはもちろん、成形プロセスにおいては含浸性を考えると、低粘度でかつポットライフや貯蔵安定性に優れる方がよい。   These molding methods include a method using a prepreg (a precursor for a composite material in which a matrix resin and a reinforcing fiber are combined), a hand lay-up method, a filament winding (FW) method, and a resin transfer molding (RTM) method. The resin composition used in the FW or RTM method is excellent in composite physical properties after curing, as well as having low viscosity when considering impregnation properties in the molding process. It is better to have better pot life and storage stability.

しかし、粘度を下げるため、エポキシ樹脂組成物に一般的な液状アミン系硬化剤を組み合わせることを考え、エポキシ基当量とアミンの活性水素当量を合わせて混合した場合、エポキシ樹脂に対する液状アミン系硬化剤の重量割合は少ないため、FW成形やRTM成形に充分な粘度にすることが困難であり、また一般的に液状アミン系硬化剤は反応性が高いため、ポットライフや貯蔵安定性が非常に低いという問題点もある。   However, in order to lower the viscosity, considering combining a general liquid amine curing agent with the epoxy resin composition and mixing the epoxy group equivalent and the active hydrogen equivalent of the amine together, the liquid amine curing agent for the epoxy resin Since the weight ratio is small, it is difficult to obtain a viscosity sufficient for FW molding and RTM molding. In general, liquid amine curing agents have high reactivity, so pot life and storage stability are very low. There is also a problem.

そこで、エポキシ樹脂組成物中の配合割合が高く、低粘度な酸無水物系硬化剤を使う方法がある。しかし、酸無水物系硬化剤はエポキシ樹脂を硬化させるのに高温で長時間を要するという問題点がある。このため、高コストになるばかりでなく、特にFW成形においては硬化時の樹脂の垂れ落ちを防止し、表面を平滑に仕上げるためのポリプロピレン製の離型テープを巻くことが出来なくなってしまう。これらを解決するため、特許文献1で開示されているようにより低温での反応性を高めるための硬化促進剤が添加されている。しかしながら、特許文献1の方法では高温高湿度下に置かれた場合、ポットライフが短くなり、その硬化物の耐熱性も低下してしまう。
特開平7−278269号公報
Therefore, there is a method of using an acid anhydride curing agent having a high blending ratio in the epoxy resin composition and a low viscosity. However, the acid anhydride curing agent has a problem that it takes a long time at a high temperature to cure the epoxy resin. For this reason, not only is the cost high, but also in FW molding, it becomes impossible to wind a release tape made of polypropylene for preventing the resin from dripping at the time of curing and finishing the surface smoothly. In order to solve these problems, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a curing accelerator for increasing the reactivity at a lower temperature is added. However, in the method of Patent Document 1, when placed under high temperature and high humidity, the pot life is shortened and the heat resistance of the cured product is also lowered.
JP 7-278269 A

本発明の課題は、このような欠点を克服し、ポットライフや貯蔵安定性に優れ、150℃以下でも充分に硬化し、さらにその硬化物が優れた耐熱性を有するエポキシ樹脂組成物を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention is to provide an epoxy resin composition that overcomes such drawbacks, is excellent in pot life and storage stability, is sufficiently cured even at 150 ° C. or less, and the cured product has excellent heat resistance. There is.

本発明の要旨は、グリシジルエーテル型液状エポキシ樹脂(A)、液状ポリカルボン酸無水物(B)、三級アミン硬化促進剤又はイミダゾール系の硬化促進剤(C)を必須成分とするエポキシ樹脂組成物である。   The gist of the present invention is that an epoxy resin composition comprising a glycidyl ether type liquid epoxy resin (A), a liquid polycarboxylic acid anhydride (B), a tertiary amine curing accelerator or an imidazole curing accelerator (C) as essential components. It is a thing.

本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物は、低粘度で、ポットライフや貯蔵安定性に優れ、150℃以下でも充分に硬化し、さらにその硬化物は優れた耐熱性を有するため、産業用途向けのFW成形用エポキシ樹脂組成物として好適に用いられる。   The epoxy resin composition of the present invention has a low viscosity, is excellent in pot life and storage stability, is sufficiently cured even at 150 ° C. or lower, and the cured product has excellent heat resistance. It is suitably used as an epoxy resin composition.

以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
「グリシジルエーテル型液状エポキシ樹脂(A)」
本発明組成物において、(A)成分として用いられるグリシジルエーテル型液状エポキシ樹脂は、常温で液状の物であればよく、そのエポキシ当量、化学構造、分子量などについては特に制限はないが、通常ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、水添ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールS型エポキシ樹脂、水添ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、アミノフェノール型エポキシ樹脂、ジアミノジフェニルメタン型エポキシ樹脂、フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、クレゾールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂などが用いられるが、中でもビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂が好ましい。これらのエポキシ樹脂は1種用いてもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
"Glycidyl ether type liquid epoxy resin (A)"
In the composition of the present invention, the glycidyl ether type liquid epoxy resin used as the component (A) is not particularly limited as long as it is liquid at room temperature, and its epoxy equivalent, chemical structure, molecular weight and the like are not particularly limited. A type epoxy resin, hydrogenated bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, bisphenol S type epoxy resin, hydrogenated bisphenol A type epoxy resin, aminophenol type epoxy resin, diaminodiphenylmethane type epoxy resin, phenol novolac type epoxy resin Cresol novolac type epoxy resins and the like are used, and among them, bisphenol A type epoxy resins and bisphenol F type epoxy resins are preferable. These epoxy resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

「液状ポリカルボン酸無水物(B)」
本発明組成物において、(B)成分として用いられる液状ポリカルボン酸無水物としては、フタル酸無水物、テトラヒドロフタル酸無水物、ヘキサヒドロフタル酸無水物、4-メチルヘキサヒドロフタル酸無水物、メチルナジック酸無水物、水素化メチルナジック酸無水物などが挙げられるが、得られた硬化物の耐熱性が高いという観点から、メチルナジック酸無水物又は水素化メチルナジック酸無水物が特に好ましい。
"Liquid polycarboxylic acid anhydride (B)"
In the composition of the present invention, as the liquid polycarboxylic anhydride used as the component (B), phthalic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, 4-methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, Examples thereof include methyl nadic acid anhydride and hydrogenated methyl nadic acid anhydride. From the viewpoint of high heat resistance of the obtained cured product, methyl nadic acid anhydride or hydrogenated methyl nadic acid anhydride is particularly preferable.

ポリカルボン酸無水物(B)の配合量については、硬化剤としての効果を発揮しうる有効量であればよく特に制限はないが、通常前記(A)成分におけるエポキシ基1当量当り、0.5〜1.5倍の酸無水物等量になるような割合で用いられる。   The blending amount of the polycarboxylic acid anhydride (B) is not particularly limited as long as it is an effective amount capable of exhibiting the effect as a curing agent, but is generally not more than 0.00 per equivalent of the epoxy group in the component (A). It is used in such a ratio that the acid anhydride equivalent amount is 5 to 1.5 times.

「三級アミン硬化促進剤又はイミダゾール系の硬化促進剤(C)」
本発明の液状エポキシ樹脂組成物においては、グリシジルエーテル型液状エポキシ樹脂(A)とポリカルボン酸無水物(B)の反応を促進するため、(C)成分として三級アミン硬化促進剤又はイミダゾール系の硬化促進剤が用いられる。(C)の具体例としては、例えば四国化成工業(株)製2E4MZ、2E4MZ−CN、1B2MZ、C11−CN、花王(株)製カオーライザーNo.20などが挙げられる。中でも、液状エポキシ樹脂組成物のポットライフをさらに長くできるという点から、潜在性を持ったタイプの硬化促進剤を使うことが好ましい。これらの具体的な商品としては、マイクロカプセル型イミダゾールである旭化成ケミカルズ(株)製ノバキュアHX−3722、HX−3742、HX−3748、アミンアダクト型の味の素(株)製アミキュアPN−23、PN−H、PN−40、PN−50などが挙げられるが、マイクロカプセル型イミダゾールが特に好ましい。
"Tertiary amine accelerator or imidazole accelerator (C)"
In the liquid epoxy resin composition of the present invention, in order to accelerate the reaction between the glycidyl ether type liquid epoxy resin (A) and the polycarboxylic acid anhydride (B), a tertiary amine curing accelerator or an imidazole type is used as the component (C). The curing accelerator is used. Specific examples of (C) include, for example, 2E4MZ, 2E4MZ-CN, 1B2MZ, C11-CN, manufactured by Shikoku Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., and Kao Riser No. manufactured by Kao Corporation. 20 or the like. Among these, it is preferable to use a latent type curing accelerator from the viewpoint that the pot life of the liquid epoxy resin composition can be further increased. Specific examples of these products include microcapsule-type imidazole, NovaCure HX-3722, HX-3742, HX-3748, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Chemicals Co., Ltd., and Aminecure PN-23, PN- H, PN-40, PN-50 and the like can be mentioned, and microcapsule type imidazole is particularly preferable.

本発明の液状エポキシ樹脂組成物には、本発明の目的をそこなわない範囲で所望に応じ、通常エポキシ樹脂組成物に用いられている他の添加成分、例えば充てん剤、反応性希釈剤、難燃剤、消泡剤、湿潤剤、レベリング剤などを添加してもよい。   In the liquid epoxy resin composition of the present invention, other additive components usually used in the epoxy resin composition, for example, fillers, reactive diluents, difficulty, and the like, as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. A flame retardant, an antifoaming agent, a wetting agent, a leveling agent and the like may be added.

該充てん剤としては、水酸化アルミニウム、水酸化マグネシウム等の水酸化金属類;酸化マグネシウム、酸化アルミニウム等の酸化金属類、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸アルミニウム、炭酸マグネシウム等の炭酸金属類、その他ガラスバルーン、シリカ、マイカ、タルク、ウォラストナイト、二酸化チタン、カーボンブラック、グラファイト、酸化鉄、金、アルミニウム粉、鉄粉等が挙げられる。   Examples of the filler include metal hydroxides such as aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide; metal oxides such as magnesium oxide and aluminum oxide; metal carbonates such as calcium carbonate, aluminum carbonate and magnesium carbonate; other glass balloons and silica. , Mica, talc, wollastonite, titanium dioxide, carbon black, graphite, iron oxide, gold, aluminum powder, iron powder and the like.

反応性希釈剤としては、末端にグリシジルエーテル基を持つ低粘度の液状樹脂が挙げられる。これらの具体例としては、例えばネオペンチルグリコールジグリシジルエーテル、グリシジルアニリン、グリシジルオルトトルイジン、ヘキサヒドロフタル酸ジグリシジルエステルが挙げられる。   Examples of the reactive diluent include a low viscosity liquid resin having a glycidyl ether group at the terminal. Specific examples thereof include neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, glycidyl aniline, glycidyl orthotoluidine, and hexahydrophthalic acid diglycidyl ester.

本発明の液状エポキシ樹脂組成物は、例えば、プラネタリミキサー、ニーダー、万能かくはん機、ホモジナイザー、ホモディスパーなどの混合機を用い調製することができる。なお、混合方法はこれに限定されるものではない。   The liquid epoxy resin composition of the present invention can be prepared using a mixer such as a planetary mixer, a kneader, a universal agitator, a homogenizer, or a homodisper. The mixing method is not limited to this.

次に実施例により、本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。
(原料樹脂等)
実施例、比較例で使用する樹脂原料は、下記の通りである。
「グリシジルエーテル型液状エポキシ樹脂(A)」
・jER828:
ビスフェノールAジグリシジルエーテル〔ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製〕
・jER807:
ビスフェノールFジグリシジルエーテル〔ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製〕
「液状ポリカルボン酸無水物(B)」
・XN−1045:メチルテトラヒドロ無水フタル酸と2E4MZの混合物〔CIBA−GEIGY製〕
・HN−5500:メチルヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸〔日立化成工業(株)製〕
・MHAC−P:メチルナジック酸無水物〔日立化成工業(株)製〕
・HNA−100:水素化メチルナジック酸無水物〔新日本理化(株)製〕
「三級アミン硬化促進剤又はイミダゾール系の硬化促進剤(C)」
・2E4MZ:2−エチル−4−メチルイミダゾール〔四国化成工業(株)製〕
・BDMA:ベンジルジメチルアミン〔花王(株)製〕
・HX−3722:マイクロカプセル型潜在性硬化促進剤〔旭化成ケミカルズ(株)製〕
・HX−3742:マイクロカプセル型潜在性硬化促進剤〔旭化成ケミカルズ(株)製〕
・HX−3748:マイクロカプセル型潜在性硬化促進剤〔旭化成ケミカルズ(株)製〕
「異なる硬化剤」
・DY9577:N,N−ジメチルオクチルアミン錯体〔チバSC社(株)製〕
(液状エポキシ樹脂組成物の樹脂調製方法及び物性測定方法)
(1)液状エポキシ樹脂組成物の調製方法
液状エポキシ樹脂組成物は、グリシジルエーテル型液状エポキシ樹脂(A)に液状ポリカルボン酸無水物(B)及び硬化促進剤(C)を表1に示した配合で混合し、キーエンス社製ハイブリッドミキサーHM−500を用い3分間攪拌、脱泡することにより調製した。
(2)液状エポキシ樹脂組成物の硬化方法
液状エポキシ樹脂組成物の硬化物は、調製した該樹脂組成物を楠本化成製ETAC乾燥機HT310Sにて145℃で2時間加熱硬化することにより得た。
(3)初期粘度
調製直後の組成物について、30℃における粘度をRHEOLOGICA社製レオメータ(VAR−100)を用い、直径25mmφのパラレルプレートを用い、パラレルプレート間の液状エポキシ樹脂組成物の厚み0.5mm、角速度10ラジアン/秒、ストレス3000dyn/cm2 の条件で測定した。
(4)ポットライフ
エポキシ樹脂組成物20gをアルミカップに計量し、50℃、40RH%に設定した恒温恒湿機に投入し、6、16、24時間経過後の50℃粘度を上記(3)と同様の条件で測定した。
(5)硬化物の耐熱性
エポキシ樹脂組成物20gをアルミカップに計量し、楠本化成製ETAC乾燥機HT310Sを用い、145℃で2時間加熱硬化し硬化物を得た。該硬化物をニッパーで割り破片を取り出し、TAインスツルメント社製示差走査熱量測定(DSC)装置Q−100を用い、JIS K7121に準拠した方法(但し昇温速度は5℃/分)で中間ガラス転移温度(Tmg)を測定した。
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples.
(Raw resin, etc.)
Resin raw materials used in Examples and Comparative Examples are as follows.
"Glycidyl ether type liquid epoxy resin (A)"
JER828:
Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether [Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd.]
JER807:
Bisphenol F diglycidyl ether [Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd.]
"Liquid polycarboxylic acid anhydride (B)"
-XN-1045: A mixture of methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride and 2E4MZ [manufactured by CIBA-GEIGY]
-HN-5500: Methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride (manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.)
-MHAC-P: Methyl nadic acid anhydride [manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.]
-HNA-100: hydrogenated methyl nadic acid anhydride [manufactured by Shin Nippon Rika Co., Ltd.]
"Tertiary amine accelerator or imidazole accelerator (C)"
2E4MZ: 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole [manufactured by Shikoku Chemicals Co., Ltd.]
・ BDMA: benzyldimethylamine [manufactured by Kao Corporation]
HX-3722: Microcapsule type latent curing accelerator (Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation)
HX-3742: Microcapsule type latent curing accelerator (Asahi Kasei Chemicals Co., Ltd.)
・ HX-3748: Microcapsule type latent curing accelerator (Asahi Kasei Chemicals Co., Ltd.)
"Different curing agents"
DY9577: N, N-dimethyloctylamine complex [manufactured by Ciba SC Co., Ltd.]
(Method for preparing resin and measuring physical properties of liquid epoxy resin composition)
(1) Preparation method of liquid epoxy resin composition The liquid epoxy resin composition is a glycidyl ether type liquid epoxy resin (A) with liquid polycarboxylic acid anhydride (B) and a curing accelerator (C) shown in Table 1. It mixed by mixing | blending and prepared by stirring and degassing for 3 minutes using the hybrid mixer HM-500 by Keyence Corporation.
(2) Curing Method of Liquid Epoxy Resin Composition A cured product of the liquid epoxy resin composition was obtained by heat curing the prepared resin composition at 145 ° C. for 2 hours in an ETAC dryer HT310S manufactured by Enomoto Kasei.
(3) Initial viscosity About the composition just after preparation, the viscosity at 30 degreeC uses the rheometer (VAR-100) made from RHEOLOGICA, the parallel plate of diameter 25mmphi is used, and the thickness of the liquid epoxy resin composition between parallel plates is 0. The measurement was performed under the conditions of 5 mm, angular velocity of 10 radians / second, and stress of 3000 dyn / cm 2 .
(4) Pot life An epoxy resin composition 20 g was weighed into an aluminum cup, and placed in a thermo-hygrostat set to 50 ° C. and 40 RH%, and the viscosity at 50 ° C. after 6, 16, and 24 hours passed (3) Measured under the same conditions.
(5) Heat resistance of cured product 20 g of the epoxy resin composition was weighed into an aluminum cup and cured by heating at 145 ° C. for 2 hours using an ETAC dryer HT310S manufactured by Enomoto Kasei. The cured product is taken out with a nipper, and the pieces are taken out using a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) apparatus Q-100 manufactured by TA Instruments, in accordance with JIS K7121 (however, the heating rate is 5 ° C./min). The glass transition temperature (Tmg) was measured.

(実施例1〜9、比較例1〜2)
表1に示したエポキシ樹脂組成物を調製し、その特性を評価した。結果を表1に併せて示した。
(Examples 1-9, Comparative Examples 1-2)
Epoxy resin compositions shown in Table 1 were prepared and their characteristics were evaluated. The results are also shown in Table 1.

Figure 2010100730
Figure 2010100730

本発明の液状エポキシ樹脂組成物は、低粘度で、ポットライフや貯蔵安定性に優れ、150℃以下でも充分に硬化し、さらにその硬化物は優れた耐熱性を有するため、産業用途向けのFW成形用エポキシ樹脂組成物として好適に用いられる。   The liquid epoxy resin composition of the present invention is low in viscosity, excellent in pot life and storage stability, sufficiently cured even at 150 ° C. or lower, and further, the cured product has excellent heat resistance. It is suitably used as an epoxy resin composition for molding.

Claims (6)

グリシジルエーテル型液状エポキシ樹脂(A)、液状ポリカルボン酸無水物(B)、三級アミン硬化促進剤又はイミダゾール系の硬化促進剤(C)を必須成分とするエポキシ樹脂組成物。   An epoxy resin composition comprising a glycidyl ether liquid epoxy resin (A), a liquid polycarboxylic acid anhydride (B), a tertiary amine curing accelerator or an imidazole curing accelerator (C) as essential components. 液状ポリカルボン酸無水物(B)がメチルナジック酸無水物である請求項1記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。   The epoxy resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the liquid polycarboxylic acid anhydride (B) is methyl nadic acid anhydride. 液状ポリカルボン酸無水物(B)が水素化メチルナジック酸無水物である請求項1記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。   The epoxy resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the liquid polycarboxylic acid anhydride (B) is hydrogenated methyl nadic acid anhydride. 硬化促進剤(C)がマイクロカプセル型イミダゾールである請求項1〜3記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。   The epoxy resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the curing accelerator (C) is a microcapsule type imidazole. 請求項1〜4のいずれか1項記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物を用いてフィラメントワインディング成形により成形された繊維強化複合材料。   The fiber reinforced composite material shape | molded by the filament winding shaping | molding using the epoxy resin composition of any one of Claims 1-4. 145℃、5時間以内で硬化した硬化物のJIS K7121に準拠した方法(但し昇温速度は5℃/分)で示差走査熱量測定により測定した中間ガラス転移温度(Tmg)が150℃以上である請求項5記載の繊維強化複合材料。   The intermediate glass transition temperature (Tmg) measured by differential scanning calorimetry with a method in accordance with JIS K7121 (however, the heating rate is 5 ° C / min) of the cured product cured within 145 ° C for 5 hours is 150 ° C or higher. The fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 5.
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