JP2010197250A - Fluid soundness evaluating apparatus and diesel engine fuel soundness control system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fluid soundness evaluating apparatus and a diesel engine fuel soundness control system, which contribute to evaluating a fluid in soundness. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus includes: a container 12 for containing a fuel F for example, which is the fluid to be measured; a micro carbon residue measuring section 15 having an incident part 13 and a light receiving part 14 which are disposed in the fluid to be measured in the container 12 and face each other so as to have a gap D at a prescribed spacing, measuring a light transmittance at the light receiving part 14 by varying a wavelength of light from a light source 21, measuring light or fluorescence in two or more wavelength regions, or at least two wavelengths in a range of 400-1,100 nm, by using a light receiving sensor 22, and computing a micro carbon residue (MCR) value on the basis of an intensity ratio obtained by above measurement; an ultrasonic speed indicator 16 which is disposed in the container 12 and measures a density in the fluid to be measured; and a barrier 17 which is disposed between the MCR measuring section 15 and the ultrasonic speed indicator 16. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fluid health evaluation apparatus and a diesel engine fuel health control system that evaluate density and residual carbon content (MCR) in a fluid to be measured such as fuel and contribute to evaluation of fluid health.

  By accepting fuel with poor ignitability and combustibility (so-called inferior fuel) in a diesel engine, there is a problem of reduced reliability due to an increase in the combustion chamber thermal load.

  By the way, in a diesel engine, particularly a diesel engine using heavy oil as a fuel, a decrease in reliability due to the fuel property becomes a problem. However, there are many parameters in the fuel property, and the fuel property is monitored online. Abnormality diagnosis was difficult due to lack of technology.

  Conventionally, there is a method using the combustion pressure as an index as an abnormality diagnosis of a diesel engine, but it is difficult to accurately grasp as an abnormality diagnosis because the fuel properties cannot be directly grasped.

  In addition, in fuel properties such as heavy oil, MCR (residual carbon amount) is an important parameter, but the conventional measurement method takes a sample and measures it. In addition to being time consuming, there are problems that automation is difficult and fuel properties cannot be monitored online.

Conventional MCR measurement is defined in JISK2270 (Non-Patent Document 1).
Here, the MCR (residual carbon amount) is a coke-like carbonized residue generated when a sample is evaporated and thermally decomposed in a state where air circulation is small, and is referred to as residual carbon, and is expressed by weight%. The test methods include “Conradson method” and “micro method” defined in JIS K2270.

The Conradson method uses a specified Conradson residual carbon content tester, weighs 3 to 10 g of a sample in a crucible, preheats under specified conditions, heating of generated oil vapor, ignition of the residue, and weighing after standing to cool To obtain the residual carbon content.
On the other hand, in the “micro method”, using a specified micro residual carbon content tester, 0.15 to 5 g of a sample was weighed in a test vessel, placed in a caulking furnace, and the inside of the furnace was replaced with a nitrogen atmosphere. The residual carbon content is obtained by weighing after preheating, heating and standing to cool under specified conditions.

JIS K2270

  However, the test method defined in JIS is batch processing, and at present, online analysis by automation is not possible.

  In recent years, inferior fuels, etc. that have been adjusted only for specific gravity, have passed the specific gravity test in the acceptance test, and have been accepted as fuel for large ships without knowing the composition of the fuel. Problems with fuel properties may occur.

  Therefore, especially when marine diesel engines accept poorly ignitable / combustible fuel (so-called inferior fuel), they can respond promptly during navigation and reduce the reliability due to increased combustion chamber thermal load. The appearance of a fluid health evaluation apparatus that contributes to the evaluation of the soundness of a fluid, which is a fuel for preventing the above-described problem and improving the reliability of the engine, is demanded.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a fluid health evaluation apparatus and a diesel engine fuel health control system that contribute to the evaluation of fluid health.

  The first invention of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problem is that a container for storing a fluid to be measured and a fluid to be measured in the container are provided with an incident portion and a light receiving portion facing each other, The light transmittance in the light receiving part is measured, and light or fluorescence in at least two or more wavelengths or two or more wavelength regions in the range of 400 to 1100 nm is measured with a light receiving sensor, and the residual carbon amount (MCR) is calculated from the intensity ratio. Between the ultrasonic velocity meter that is provided in the container and measures the density in the fluid to be measured, the residual carbon amount measurement unit, and the ultrasonic velocity meter. It is in the fluid soundness evaluation apparatus characterized by comprising the provided barrier.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, there is provided a fluid soundness evaluation apparatus characterized by further comprising a heat retaining means for retaining the introduction line and the discharge line of the fluid to be measured and the container.

  A third invention is the fluid health evaluation apparatus according to the first or second invention, wherein the fluid to be measured is introduced from the bottom of the container and discharged from the upper side of the container.

  According to a fourth invention, in any one of the first to third inventions, a conductivity sensor for measuring a conductivity of a fluid to be measured or a dielectric constant sensor for measuring a dielectric constant of the fluid to be measured is provided in the container. It exists in the fluid soundness evaluation apparatus characterized by having.

  A fifth invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to fourth inventions, the diameter of the light receiving part provided opposite to the incident part with a predetermined interval is larger than the diameter of the incident part. It is in the fluid soundness evaluation apparatus.

  A sixth invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to fifth inventions, a strain measuring means is provided in a container having a holding part for holding the incident part and the light receiving part provided to face each other. It is in the fluid soundness evaluation device.

  A seventh invention is the fluid health evaluation apparatus according to any one of the first to sixth inventions, wherein the light receiving sensor is either a spectroscope or a plurality of photodiodes.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the fluid health evaluation apparatus according to any one of the first to seventh aspects of the present invention, further comprising: a light source light amount measuring device for partially branching light from the light source and measuring the light amount. is there.

  According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, an incident part and a light receiving part are provided opposite to each other in a container that stores, for example, fuel that is a fluid to be measured, and the fluid to be measured in the container, and the light transmittance in the light receiving part. Is measured, and at least two or more wavelengths in the range of 400 to 1100 nm, or light or fluorescence in two or more wavelength regions is measured with a light receiving sensor, and a residual carbon amount measurement (MCR) is obtained from the intensity ratio. And an ultrasonic velocimeter provided in the container for measuring the density in the fluid to be measured, a residual carbon amount measuring unit, and a barrier provided between the ultrasonic velocimeter. If the density and residual carbon content (MCR) values in the fuel F are determined, and the result is outside the range of soundness in the characteristic map of the density and MCR determined in advance, the diesel engine operation And a control device for changing the mode. In diesel engine fuel soundness control system, characterized in that.

  According to the present invention, in the measurement of ultrasonic waves for measuring the density, the influence of the density generated in the target fuel oil by the ultrasonic waves is eliminated by the barrier, and the influence on the optical measurement result is not affected. Stable measurement is possible.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fluid health evaluation apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of an incident portion and a light receiving portion according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of the incident portion and the light receiving portion according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2-3 is a schematic diagram of an incident part and a light receiving part according to a comparative example. FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of a container of the fluid health evaluation apparatus. FIG. 4 shows a wavelength range from 400 to 400 for each MCR concentration difference (A: MCR <0.01 wt%, B: MCR = 0.04 wt%, C: MCR = 0.3 wt%, D: MCR = 0.87 wt%). It is a measurement result figure of the transmittance ratio in 1000 nm. FIG. 5 is a measurement result diagram of the wavelength band and absorbance from benzene (single-ring hydrocarbon) to pentacene (pentacyclic hydrocarbon). FIG. 6 is a relationship diagram between the light transmittance intensity ratio obtained in advance and the MCR. FIG. 7 is a relationship diagram between the MCR obtained from the light transmittance intensity ratio and the actually measured MCR. FIG. 8 shows the measurement results of the intensity ratio of fluorescence at wavelengths of 400 to 1000 nm in different concentrations of each MCR (E: MCR <0.01 wt%, F: MCR = 0.04 wt%, G: MCR = 0.87 wt%). FIG. FIG. 9A is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic velocimeter. FIG. 9-2 is a measurement result diagram of the ultrasonic velocity. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of another fluid health evaluation apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 11 is a diesel engine fuel health control system diagram. FIG. 12 is a characteristic map of the density and MCR obtained in advance. FIG. 13 is a process chart of fuel integrity evaluation. FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a fluid health evaluation apparatus according to the second embodiment. FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a fluid integrity evaluation apparatus according to the third embodiment. FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of another fluid health evaluation apparatus according to the third embodiment. FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a fluid integrity evaluation apparatus according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 18A is a schematic diagram of a fluid integrity evaluation apparatus according to the fifth embodiment. FIG. 18-2 is a schematic diagram of a dielectric constant sensor.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. In addition, constituent elements in the following embodiments include those that can be easily assumed by those skilled in the art or those that are substantially the same.

A fluid integrity evaluation apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fluid health evaluation apparatus. 2A to 2C are schematic views of the incident part and the light receiving part. FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of a container of the fluid health evaluation apparatus.
As shown in FIG. 1, the fluid soundness evaluation apparatus 10 </ b> A according to the present embodiment includes a container 12 that stores, for example, fuel F, which is a fluid to be measured, and a gap at a predetermined interval in the fluid to be measured in the container 12. D, the incident portion 13 and the light receiving portion 14 are provided opposite to each other, and the light transmittance of the light receiving portion 14 is measured by varying the wavelength of light from the light source 21, and at least in the range of 400 to 1100 nm. A remaining carbon amount measuring unit 15 that measures light or fluorescence of two or more wavelengths or two or more wavelength regions with the light receiving sensor 22 and obtains a residual carbon amount (MCR) from the intensity ratio thereof, and is provided in the container 12 The ultrasonic velocimeter 16 for measuring the density in the fluid to be measured, the residual carbon amount measuring unit 15, and the barrier 17 provided between the ultrasonic velocimeter 16 are provided. .

  Here, in FIG. 1, a symbol D is a gap between the end face of the incident optical fiber of the incident portion 13 and the end face of the light receiving optical fiber of the light receiving portion 14. The gap D is several mm or less, preferably 1 mm or less, and more preferably 0.5 to 1 mm. This is because light reception is impossible if the gap D is too wide.

Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2A, the diameter d ₁ of the incident fiber on the incident portion 13 side is 200 μm, and the diameter d _{2 of the} light receiving optical fiber on the light receiving portion 14 side is 300 μm.
This is because, when the scattering of the fluid to be measured is large, the light on the light source side and the light receiving side of the same size has a large amount of light that cannot be received as shown in FIG. Therefore, the diameter d _{2 of the} light receiving optical fiber on the light receiving unit 14 side that receives the irradiated light is made larger than the diameter d ₁ of the incident fiber of the incident unit 13 (d ₂ > d ₁ ), thereby scattering / absorbing. Even in the case of a large measurement object, the amount of received light can be secured, and stable transmission characteristic measurement can be performed.

Further, instead of making the diameters of the optical fibers different, a condensing lens 18 may be provided between the incident portion 13 and the light receiving portion 14 as shown in FIG.
Due to the light condensing action of the condensing lens 18, the amount of received light can be ensured even in the case of a measurement object with large scattering / absorption, and stable transmission characteristic measurement can be performed.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, strain measuring means 19 may be provided in the holding portions 12 a and 12 b that hold the incident portion 13 and the light receiving portion 14, respectively, and the elongation of the material or the like may be detected.
Then, the elongation / shrinkage of the material may be monitored and output to the signal processing unit 23 to correct the measured value.
This is because the gap D between the end face of the incident optical fiber of the incident portion 13 and the end face of the light receiving optical fiber of the light receiving portion 14 is very small, and therefore the light transmission / reception interval of the optical measurement system varies. Even in this case, by measuring the distortion measuring means 19, correction can be made based on the data on the relationship between the distance D and the transmission characteristics, so that stable measurement is possible.

  In this embodiment, the wavelength of incident light is variable, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, light having a wide wavelength range (400 to 1100 nm) such as a halogen lamp is incident and received. It is possible to use a method of wavelength decomposition with the spectroscope of the sensor 22 or a method of limiting the wavelength range by arranging a filter in front of the light receiving sensor 22.

Here, the measurement of MCR (micro carbon residue) of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 4 shows the wavelength 400 at different concentrations of MCR in the fuel (A: MCR <0.01 wt%, B: MCR = 0.04 wt%, C: MCR = 0.3 wt%, D: MCR = 0.87 wt%). The measurement result of the transmittance | permeability ratio with the spectrometer in -1000nm is shown.
As shown in FIG. 4, the fuel having a lower MCR value has a higher proportion of absorption peaks on the lower wavelength side.

  Thus, the change in the transmittance curve when the MCR changes is due to the size of the aromatic ring. FIG. 5 is a measurement result diagram of the wavelength band and absorbance from benzene (single-ring hydrocarbon) to pentacene (pentacyclic hydrocarbon). As shown in FIG. 5, the absorption wavelength region gradually changes to a long wavelength region. Therefore, when there is a large proportion of a substance with a good ring of fuel combustibility and a small number of rings, the behavior becomes as shown in FIG.

Here, an example of how to calculate the MCR is shown.
The amount of residual carbon (MCR) is obtained from the intensity ratio of the light transmittance of the fuel. The intensity ratio is obtained by integrating the intensities of transmittances in at least two or more predetermined wavelength regions and comparing them.
In FIG. 4, as the intensity 1, the intensity between wavelengths 725 to 775 nm is integrated, and as the intensity 2, the intensity between wavelengths 950 to 1100 nm is integrated.
Then, the relationship between (strength 2) / (strength 1) and MCR is obtained in advance, and MCR is obtained from the measured (strength 2) / (strength 1) result.
The absolute value of transmittance is not affected.

FIG. 6 is a relationship diagram between the light transmittance intensity ratio obtained in advance and the MCR.
In this way, the relationship between (strength 2) / (strength 1) and MCR is obtained in advance, and MCR is calculated from the measured (strength 2) / (strength 1).
Here, the intensity 1 is in the range of 725 nm to 775 nm, the intensity 2 is in the range of 950 nm to 1050 nm, and the MCR can be obtained from the following formula (1).
MCR = α (strength 2 / strength 1-γ) ^β (1)
Here, α is a proportional coefficient (α = 0.14), β is a linear correction coefficient (β = 0.7), and γ is a zero point correction coefficient (γ = 1.95).

In addition to the two wavelength regions, the following calculation is also possible.
MCR can be obtained from the following formula (2), with intensity 1 in the range of 550 nm to 650 nm, intensity 2 in the range of 750 nm to 850 nm, intensity 3 in the range of 950 nm to 1050 nm. The coefficients are the same as described above.
MCR = α1 (strength 2 / strength 1-γ1) ^β1 + α2 (strength 3 / strength 1-γ1) ^β2 (2)

  Here, the selection of the wavelength is an example, and in the case of two places, the integration of the intensity ratio in the predetermined range on the low wavelength side of 400 to 800 nm is set as the intensity 1, and the intensity in the predetermined range on the long wavelength side of 500 to 1100 nm. What is necessary is just to make it the intensity | strength of the ratio integration.

In the case of three places, the integration of the intensity ratio in the predetermined range on the low wavelength side of 400 to 700 nm is intensity 1, the integration of the intensity ratio in the predetermined range on the medium wavelength side of 700 to 900 nm is intensity 2, and 900 The integration of intensity ratios in a predetermined range on the long wavelength side of ˜1100 nm is intensity 3,
(Strength 2 / strength 1) + (strength 3 / strength 1) may be set.

  Further, the remaining carbon amount (MCR) is compared by comparing two or more specific wavelengths (for example, intensity 1 is a value of 725 nm, intensity 2 is a value of 950 nm, etc.) without making the region of a predetermined wavelength. You may make it ask.

  FIG. 7 is a relationship diagram between the MCR obtained from the light transmittance intensity ratio and the actually measured MCR, and shows a good correlation.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8, MCR may be obtained from fluorescence intensity instead of light intensity (E: MCR <0.01 wt%, F: MCR = 0.04 wt%, G: MCR = 0). .87 wt%).

  Examples of the MCR measurement target fluid in the present invention include heavy oil, light oil, lubricating oil, and fuel oil, but any fluid that evaluates the soundness of the fluid may be used.

In this embodiment, the container 12 may be any one as long as the fuel F of the fluid to be measured can be circulated or stopped as necessary to fill the container 12 with the fuel F.
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, an ultrasonic velocity meter 16 is disposed in the container 12 together with the MCR measuring instrument 15 and a barrier 17.

Here, FIG. 9-1 is a configuration diagram of an ultrasonic velocimeter for measuring the density of the fluid to be measured. FIG. 9-2 is a measurement result diagram using an ultrasonic velocimeter.
As shown in FIG. 9A, the ultrasonic velocimeter 16 includes an ultrasonic oscillation unit 16a, a reflection unit 16b, and a reception unit 16c that receives reflected ultrasonic waves.
FIG. 9B is an ultrasonic measurement result obtained by the ultrasonic velocimeter 16. As shown in FIG. 9B, the time between the oscillation peak and the reception peak is obtained as the ultrasonic velocity (t), and the density can be obtained from a calibration curve between the ultrasonic velocity and the density obtained in advance.

This ultrasonic velocimeter 16 may cause density in the fuel F to be measured due to the ultrasonic waves generated during the measurement, changing the refractive index of light and affecting the optical measurement result. In the embodiment, since the barrier 17 is provided, the influence of ultrasonic waves is not affected at the measurement position of the optical measurement system.
The material of the barrier 17 may be any material that does not resonate with ultrasonic waves (for example, metal, resin, etc.).

As a result, even when an ultrasonic measurement system and an optical measurement system are installed in the container 12, the density of the measurement target (fuel oil or the like) and the amount of remaining carbon can be monitored online. As a result, the ultrasonic velocity meter 16 and the MCR measuring instrument 15 can be compactly installed in the same container 12 without providing the ultrasonic velocity meter 16 together with the MCR measuring instrument 15 in separate containers, and an optical measurement system. By adopting the barrier 17 structure that does not affect the ultrasonic wave, it is possible to provide a fluid soundness evaluation apparatus 10A having a simple configuration that enables stable measurement of both the ultrasonic system and the optical system.
Therefore, by using the fluid soundness evaluation device 10A of the first embodiment, for example, it is possible to prevent troubles due to poor fuel during operation of a diesel engine.

  Alternatively, optical measurement may be performed by the MCR measuring instrument 15 when a predetermined time elapses after the ultrasonic wave is oscillated by the ultrasonic velocity meter 16 and the reverberation of the ultrasonic wave is eliminated.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the light source 21 has a light source light amount measuring device 24 that partially branches the light from the light source 21 and measures the light amount thereof, and the light amount of the light source 21 is monitored by the light source light amount measuring device 24. The fluctuation state may be output to the signal processing unit 23 to correct the measurement value or adjust the light amount of the light source.
Thereby, even when the output of the light source 21 fluctuates, the influence on the amount of light received by the light receiving sensor 22 can be suppressed, so that stable measurement is possible.

Further, in the light receiving sensor 22, in addition to the spectroscope as described above, a plurality of photodiodes and the like are provided, and a filter or the like is provided for each to separate the measurement wavelength band, and for each measurement wavelength band transmitted through the measurement target. You may make it measure the signal amount change (transmittance) of light.
By using a plurality of photodiodes as the light receiving sensor 22, it is possible to make the device configuration cheaper than when using a spectroscope.

Next, a diesel engine fuel soundness control system that evaluates the soundness of fuel using the fluid soundness evaluation apparatus 10A of the present embodiment will be described.
FIG. 11 is a diesel engine fuel soundness control system diagram according to the embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 11, the diesel engine fuel health control system 20 includes the fluid health evaluation apparatus 10A shown in FIG. 1 in a measurement branch fuel line L ₂ branched from the fuel line L ₁ . A control device (CPU) that changes the diesel engine operation mode when the density and residual carbon amount (MCR) values in the fuel F are determined, and are outside the range of soundness of the characteristic map of the density and MCR determined in advance. 25).
In FIG. 11, reference numeral 26 denotes a fuel tank, 27 denotes a diesel engine (D / E), and 28 denotes a purification means.

FIG. 12 is a characteristic map of diesel fuel density and MCR, which is determined in advance.
Then, using the above-described fluid soundness evaluation apparatus 10A, the density and MCR shown in FIG. 12 are obtained as a result of obtaining the density and residual carbon content (MCR) values in the fuel (for example, diesel fuel) F. If it is within the range of soundness (the white area in FIG. 12), it is determined that the fuel is healthy.
On the other hand, when it is out of the range of soundness (shaded portion in FIG. 12), it is determined that the soundness of the fuel is lowered.
When the density is 990 (kg / cm ³ ) or more and MCR22 (wt%) or more (shaded area in the figure) outside the range of soundness, the fuel is out of specification.

The diesel engine operation mode is changed by the control device 25 in accordance with the result of this determination.
The soundness range is defined as density (D) = 3.8 × 1 × MCR−X2 ± X3.
Here, X1 is a proportionality coefficient (X1 = 3.8), X2 is a density coefficient (X2 = 925), and X3 is a fuel allowable range coefficient (X3 = 12).
In addition, the regulation range can be tightened or relaxed by increasing or decreasing the allowable range coefficient of the fuel of X3.
As described above, the density and MCR are obtained as the range of soundness, and are obtained from D = 3.8 × MCR−925 ± 12 as shown in FIG.
Here, in FIG. 12, a region A indicates a region of specified fuel (good fuel). A region B indicates a region of fuel requiring attention. Further, region C shows non-standard fuel.

Here, as the change of the diesel engine operation mode, the engine operation mode is changed (for example, an operation without applying a load), the oil injection rate (lubricant injection amount) is increased, and the fuel from the fuel tank is purified. , At least one of changing the mixing ratio of the fuel.
When the density and carbon content in the fuel change, the combustion state in the engine changes. For example, when the flame contacts or approaches the inner wall of the cylinder, the lubricating oil in the cylinder is depleted and seizure occurs with the piston ring. . Therefore, based on the real-time measurement results of density and residual carbon content in the fuel, seizure etc. can be prevented beforehand by reducing the load and increasing the lubrication rate when fuel other than the specified fuel is introduced. Is possible.
Furthermore, in the case of having a plurality of types of fuels having different compositions, the blending ratio of the fuels may be changed.

The process for evaluating fuel integrity according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 13, in the first step, the amount of residual carbon (MCR) and density in the fuel are measured in real time (S1).
In the second step, the amount of residual carbon (MCR) and density in the fuel are obtained, and as a result, whether or not the value is within the standard value of the soundness range (D = 3.8 × MCR−925 ± 12). Determine (S2).

If it is within the reference value (region A in FIG. 12), it is assumed that the fuel is good and the current normal operation is continued (S3).
On the other hand, if it is outside the reference value (regions B and C in FIG. 12), it is determined that the soundness of the fuel is not good, and a warning is issued (S4). Following this warning, the operation mode is changed (S5).

As an example of changing the diesel engine operation mode, as shown in FIG. 11, the fuel F is changed to the bypass line L ₃ by a fuel switching means (not shown).
Then, the fuel F is purified by passing through a purifying means (for example, a fuel purifier or a filter) interposed in the bypass line L ₃ .
Here, the fuel pureifier is a means for rotating the precision perforated plate element at high speed to pulverize, disperse, homogenize, etc. soft sludge in low-quality crude heavy oil, and to perform microfiltration washing. Certain hard impurities and carbon are discharged as drain without being filtered. After passing through this pure firer, further filtering is performed with a filter to purify the fuel and change the fuel composition.

As described above, according to the present invention, the fuel properties (density and MCR) are measured online at a predetermined location in the fuel supply pipe, and the soundness of the fuel is evaluated based on the measurement result. In the case of poor performance, by changing the operation mode, the diesel engine operation mode can be changed online according to the fuel properties, for example, even while the ship is navigating. The reliability of the engine can be improved. The fuel is not limited to marine fuel, and may be used as land fuel.
Therefore, it is possible to avoid driving in a groping state as in the conventional case where online measurement is not possible, and stable navigation is possible.

Next, a fluid health evaluation apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a fluid health evaluation apparatus. In addition, about the same member as 10 A of fluid soundness evaluation apparatuses which concern on Example 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
As shown in FIG. 14, the fluid soundness evaluation device 10 </ b> B according to the present embodiment includes a heat retaining unit 30 that retains the introduction line and the discharge line of the fluid to be measured and the container 12. The heat retaining means 30 is provided with heat insulating means and heating means (not shown).

  The fuel F, which is the fluid to be measured, usually has viscosity, and is heated when supplied. Therefore, the container, piping, and the like can be heated and kept warm so that the heated fuel F can be measured. And it has the thermometer 31 which measures the inside of the container 12, The output of this thermometer 31 is sent to the signal processing part 23, and it can be used for temperature control, measurement signal correction, etc.

In particular, when measuring oil or the like that does not have fluidity unless it is 100 ° C. or higher, for example, the sensor region in the measurement container 12 needs to be kept at a high temperature. It becomes.
In addition, a table that gives correspondence between density, residual carbon content and measurement signal for each temperature is obtained in advance, and compared with the output of the attached thermometer 31, measurement that is not affected by temperature during measurement is possible. It becomes.

  By using the fluid soundness evaluation apparatus of the present embodiment, measurement that is not affected by the temperature at the time of measurement becomes possible. Therefore, the measurement in a diesel engine fuel soundness control system becomes favorable by using the fluid soundness evaluation apparatus of a present Example.

Next, a fluid health evaluation apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a fluid health evaluation apparatus. In addition, about the same member as 10 A of fluid soundness evaluation apparatuses which concern on Example 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
As shown in FIG. 15, the fluid health evaluation apparatus 10 </ b> C according to the present embodiment is configured such that fuel F, which is a fluid to be measured, is introduced from the container bottom 12 a and discharged from the container top 12 b side.

  When bubbles are present during the measurement of the fluid, the ultrasonic measurement and optical measurement results are affected. Therefore, the fuel supply is introduced from the container bottom 12a and discharged from the container top 12b.

As a result, even when air bubbles are present in the fuel F, the fuel F moves to the upper part quickly, and when air bubbles are present in the fuel oil, it influences the progress of ultrasonic waves, light transmission and refraction,
It is possible to avoid an error factor of the measurement result.
According to this embodiment, it is possible to eliminate the influence of bubbles and output a measurement result with stability and high reliability.

  Further, as in the fluid soundness evaluation apparatus 10D shown in FIG. 16, the fluid is discharged so that the space 33 is provided in the upper portion inside the container 12, and the space 33 is deaerated by the vacuum pump 34. Thus, fine bubbles present in the fuel F may be positively excluded.

  By using the fluid soundness evaluation apparatus of the present embodiment, it is possible to perform measurement without the influence of bubbles in the fuel at the time of measurement. Therefore, the measurement in a diesel engine fuel soundness control system becomes favorable by using the fluid soundness evaluation apparatus of a present Example.

Next, a fluid health evaluation apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a fluid health evaluation apparatus. In addition, about the same member as 10 A of fluid soundness evaluation apparatuses which concern on Example 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
As shown in FIG. 17, the fluid soundness evaluation apparatus 10 </ b> E according to the present embodiment includes a conductivity sensor 35 that measures the conductivity of fuel F, which is a fluid to be measured, in the container 12.

  In addition to the measurement by the ultrasonic velocity meter 16, the reliability of the evaluation of the density of the fuel F is improved by measuring the conductivity of the fuel F by the conductivity sensor 35.

  By using the fluid soundness evaluation apparatus of the present embodiment, measurement can be performed in consideration of conductivity. Therefore, the measurement in a diesel engine fuel soundness control system becomes favorable by using the fluid soundness evaluation apparatus of a present Example.

Next, a fluid health evaluation apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 18-1 is a schematic diagram of a fluid health evaluation apparatus, and FIG. 18-2 is a schematic diagram of a dielectric constant sensor. In addition, about the same member as 10 A of fluid soundness evaluation apparatuses which concern on Example 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
As illustrated in FIG. 18A, the fluid health evaluation apparatus 10F according to the present embodiment includes a conductivity sensor 35 that measures the conductivity of the fuel F that is the fluid to be measured, and the dielectric of the fuel F in the container 12. And a dielectric constant sensor 36 for measuring the rate.
As shown in FIG. 18-2, the dielectric constant sensor 36 includes a pair of detection electrodes 36a and a ground electrode 36b.
Further, by evaluating the residual carbon content of the fuel by the output of the dielectric constant measurement system in addition to the optical measurement system, more reliable measurement can be performed.

  By using the fluid soundness evaluation apparatus according to the present embodiment, it is possible to perform measurement in consideration of conductivity and dielectric constant. Therefore, the measurement in a diesel engine fuel soundness control system becomes favorable by using the fluid soundness evaluation apparatus of a present Example.

  As described above, according to the present invention, in the measurement of ultrasonic waves for measuring the density, the influence of the density generated in the target fuel oil by the ultrasonic waves is eliminated by the barrier, and there is no influence on the optical measurement result. For example, by changing the operation mode of the diesel engine according to the result, it is possible to prevent a decrease in reliability due to an increase in the combustion chamber thermal load, and to improve the reliability of the engine.

10A to 10F Fluid soundness evaluation apparatus 12 Container 13 Incident unit 14 Light receiving unit 16 Ultrasonic velocimeter 17 Barrier 21 Light source 22 Light receiving sensor 23 Signal processing unit

Claims (9)

A container for storing a fluid to be measured;
In the fluid to be measured in the container, the incident part and the light receiving part are provided opposite to each other, the light transmittance in the light receiving part is measured, and at least two or more wavelengths in the range of 400 to 1100 nm or two places Measuring the light or fluorescence in the above wavelength region with a light receiving sensor, and determining the residual carbon amount (MCR) from the intensity ratio; and
An ultrasonic velocimeter provided in the container and measuring the density in the fluid to be measured;
A fluid soundness evaluation apparatus comprising a barrier provided between the residual carbon amount measuring unit and the ultrasonic velocimeter. In claim 1,
An apparatus for evaluating fluid health, comprising a heat retaining means for retaining the introduction line and the discharge line of the fluid to be measured and the container. In claim 1 or 2,
The fluid soundness evaluation apparatus, wherein the fluid to be measured is introduced from the bottom of the container and discharged from the upper side of the container. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3,
A fluid soundness evaluation apparatus having a conductivity sensor for measuring a conductivity of a fluid to be measured or a dielectric constant sensor for measuring a dielectric constant of a fluid to be measured in the container. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4,
A fluid health evaluation apparatus, wherein a diameter of a light receiving portion provided opposite to an incident portion with a predetermined interval is larger than a diameter of the incident portion. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 5,
A fluid soundness evaluation apparatus, comprising: a strain measuring means in a container having a holding portion for holding the incident portion and the light receiving portion provided to face each other. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 6,
The fluid soundness evaluation apparatus, wherein the light receiving sensor is either a spectroscope or a plurality of photodiodes. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 7,
An apparatus for evaluating fluid health, comprising: a light source light amount measuring device for partially branching light from the light source and measuring the light amount thereof. A container for storing, for example, fuel that is a fluid to be measured;
In the fluid to be measured in the container, the incident part and the light receiving part are provided opposite to each other, the light transmittance in the light receiving part is measured, and at least two or more wavelengths in the range of 400 to 1100 nm or two places Measuring the light or fluorescence in the above wavelength region with a light receiving sensor, and determining the residual carbon amount (MCR) from the intensity ratio; and
An ultrasonic velocimeter provided in the container and measuring the density in the fluid to be measured;
A fluid soundness evaluation apparatus comprising a barrier provided between the residual carbon amount measuring unit and the ultrasonic velocimeter;
A control device for changing a diesel engine operation mode when the density and the amount of residual carbon (MCR) in the fuel F are determined, and are outside the range of soundness of the characteristic map of the density and MCR determined in advance. A diesel engine fuel soundness control system comprising:

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