JP2010166822A - Digging machine, drill and mowing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lightweight machine driven with an internal combustion engine or a small motor-driven drill, which can easily be used even by an unskilled person or amateur for digging in agricultural works, forestry, horticulture, engineering works, waste treatments, farmlands, works for lakes and marshes, for saving labors and improving safety in cultivation, drilling, boring, or reaping, and for maintaining small scale farmlands, lawn or mountainous areas, or the like, and can prevent the winding or entanglement of the fibers, roots, and the like of trees or grasses. <P>SOLUTION: One or more scrapers are attached to the outside of a woodworking drill, steel drill, hand filature, reamer, screw excavator, self-made bar drill or the like, and are used for the digging of deposits, pit excavation, digging up, or soil containing fibers, wires or plastic films. The surface of an axial rotation portion is covered with a cylinder, a gutter or the like as a scraper or with wings or the like, thereby imparting a cutting performance in the direction crossing the rotation axis, and simultaneously facilitating stirring cracking, boring for the insertion of a pipe into a hole, the suction of a gas, draining or the infiltration of rain water, and cutting grasses or trees, and the like. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

In agriculture, forestry, horticulture, earthwork, sedimentation waste, composting, excavation, mowing, weeding, environmental measures, etc., using drills and power tools that are weeding machines to facilitate work, Labor saving, safety, and easy to carry and transport equipment. In addition, even small-scale or mountainous fields, lawn care, weeding machines can be easily used by amateurs, even in soil containing fibrous roots, branches and leaves, fibers, plastic film, etc., fiber to drill as a drill or cutter, By preventing the wrapping and entanglement of plastic film, etc., the work is made efficient and a light, small, and small power drill can be used.

The drill blade is usually mounted on a rotary drive device such as an electric drill and used for drilling.
Small ones are broadly divided into those for ironworkers and those for woodworking. For earthwork, there is a large one like an earth drill. Similar ones are for relatively large spiral farming machines. However, there is nothing that can be hand-held with a small size for work or grass. A relatively small woodwork drill can drill into wood at high speed. In this drill, drilling is positioned by a spiral tip screw, and the drill body is guided forward by a spiral of the tip screw so that drilling can be performed by a scooping blade. At this time, in the case of a wood material as a workpiece, a rigid fiber structure is cut in a circular shape with a knife-like crease blade protruding from the outer peripheral tip of the drill blade body, and the inside is cut with a scooping blade. The burrs can be cut by the drill blade of the drill body, and the outer circumference of the helix is drilled with a precise circular hole useful for maintaining the orientation of the hole.

However, there was no idea to use this for light farming, digging gardening, cutting undergrowth in the forest, terraced rice fields, terraced field cultivation or home gardening. Hard soil, lawn, weed dredging, and shovel digging are muscular labor and sometimes heavy labor. Power tiller work is also labor intensive. Moreover, the power cultivator was inconvenient for use on narrow sections of land and stepped fields.
There are proposals for using drills for drilling for seeding, but there are no examples of using them for cultivation.
Using a sickle was laborious and time consuming, and was a dangerous task. A mower using a circular saw was not light. Powered lawn mowers with wheels also required effort to operate.

These operations have safety and labor overload problems in the work of amateurs, children and women. Power farming in the mountains has the problem of carrying heavy objects, and these require heavy labor and skill. Therefore, there are problems with volunteers, amateurs, and old-age labor. Due to the high cost, the forests and fields in the mountainous areas are left unattended and increasing. If wasteland, fallow land, and forests become easier to maintain, there will be a way to obtain biomass at low cost.
Patent Document 1 is a drill that cuts wood and standing trees easily by cutting and expanding the side wall of the drilling in the lateral direction after wood drilling with a drill in which the spiral of the drill blade is a side cutting blade.
Inventor's Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-317217 The plant material processing method and apparatus drill are utilized for tree cutting. Inventor's Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-105016 “Dryer and Biomass System” can be used in combination with natural ventilation and forced ventilation, and can be distributed in small size. It can store biomass and crushed thinned wood and can be dried with energy saving. The effect can be enhanced.

The present invention is an equipment suitable for saving fossil fuel and promoting agriculture and forestry. Conventional wood drills and iron drills for general drilling can drill, but do not have the functions of plowing and cutting. Also, there is no cutting action of flexible vegetation. Cutting unfixed flexible grass and shrubs was difficult.
To drill into the soil, you can use a woodworking cone, a masonry kite, a steelwork chisel or a steel bar with a tip or chiseled screw, but it can be used for cultivation, weeding, undergrowth cutting, lawn mowing, lake river dredging, The algae was not t-leaved. In these cases, fibrous leaves, roots, fibers and plastic film of vegetation are wound around and muddy soil may adhere to this, which hinders work.

Existing tillage machines are not always light and safe when driven by an internal combustion engine, and power consumption and fuel costs are high. There are examples of woodworking drills as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-210708, but they are exclusively used for drilling lumber products, and have not been used for soil excavation, cultivation, forestry work, or gardening.
Simple drills that can be used for turning up farming and compost production and excavating waste without using a force such as dredging or excavator, using light and axial digging force instead of large-scale tillage or plowing operation part I want to be able to configure the device easily using Although there are farming machines that dig with screws, they are close to conventional farming machines and cannot be considered for amateur use. Both these machines and conventional machines were heavy, dangerous and difficult to handle.

In agriculture and forestry, soil often contains fiber, and it often happens that the fiber wound around the blade covers the blade edge and the rotating shaft, making it difficult to continue the work.
The present invention can use a woodworking drill, a steel drill, a screw carrier, or a modified product thereof, a newly devised drilling tool, and can be used for cultivation, safety and efficiency, and light labor. By not requiring professional workers and engineers as essential conditions, it is possible to easily reduce the costs of temporary work and volunteer work.
In addition to oil internal combustion engines that are often used outdoors, we would like to reduce the total cost by using solar power generation and conventional power.

(1) An excavation machine having a tip drill portion, a rotating shaft portion fixed to the tip drill portion, and a scraper portion provided outside the rotating shaft portion.
(2) An excavating machine having a blade on one or both of the rotating shaft portion and the scraper portion.
(3) The excavating tool according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the scraper portion has an arm.

(4) A tip drill portion, a rotating shaft portion fixed to the tip drill portion, and a scraper portion provided outside the rotating shaft, and blades are provided on either or both of the rotating shaft portion and the scraper portion. A drill characterized by having a drill.
(5) The drill according to claim 4, wherein the scraper portion has an arm.
(6) The drill according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the scraper part is a porous cylinder or a cylinder having a slit.
(7) The drill according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein a support portion is fixed to the scraper portion, and the support portion is constituted by either a rod or a pipe workpiece and a threaded joint.
(8) A mowing tool having a rotating shaft portion and a scraper portion provided outside the rotating shaft portion, and having a blade on either or both of the rotating shaft portion and the scraper portion.
(9) The mowing machine according to claim 8, wherein the scraper portion has an arm.

Cultivation, excavation, weeding, harvesting, water and grass cutting of lakes and rivers, penetration of rain through the borehole, aeration, fertilization, etc. Grinding the aquatic plants in the lakes was time consuming. In addition, the fibers, fibrous grass and roots are wound around a drill or rotating shaft and dig up, hindering excavation, mowing and cultivation efficiency, and sometimes making it impossible to work.

The scraper according to the present invention prevents the tip drill part, the rotating shaft part from being wrapped with fibers, plastic film, and the like, and the perforation and cutting ability are reduced and lost by winding. Furthermore, it succeeded in raising work efficiency by adding a cutting function to the scraper part and drill part. The cutting function of the scraper part and the tip drill part is to select and provide a sharp blade, a dull blade, teeth, protrusions, and a facing surface corresponding to the cutting board of the other, the purpose and soil, fiber, plant fiber Depending on the quality, strength and condition, you can achieve your desired purpose by selecting and combining. Selection can be done easily by experiment. The tip drill portion can be extended to serve as the rotating shaft portion. As the shape, only a spiral type, a reamer type, a cone type, a flat chisel, a scooping blade, a scribing blade, and other known tips can be used.

The shape of the scraper or wing with scraper function is one selected from plate, square bar, tube, rod, spiral, perforated, notched, ridged ridge, cylinder, flat plate, rod, spiral, comb tooth, saw blade Or it is a combination and the deformation | transformation may be sufficient. And it approaches or contacts the rotation axis vicinity of a drill, and scrapes a fiber and a deposit.
In case of cutting grass or aquatic plants, attach a blade or a counter board (chopping board).
When the friction between the scraper and the soil is large, particularly when the pulling force of the spiral drill is used, it is convenient to provide a pressing bar 56 at the end of the scraper at the drive unit side end of the drill part or the rotary shaft part.

The scraper is suitably made of metal, ceramic, plastic, wood, rubber, or a composite product thereof.

The arm can be attached to the scraper part. The arm is fixed to a drive unit that drives the rotating shaft to prevent the scraper portion from rotating, and the rotating shaft or the drill portion is prevented from being bent and deformed, and can be used as an insulator. An arm different from the arm can be attached to the scraper, and operability can be improved. These arms may be connected to increase the strength.

Aluminum, steel, plastic, zinc die-casting, brass, bronze, wood, etc. can be used for the shape and material of the arm, as in existing commercial household drilling machines. (The shape is, for example, 31 in FIG. 9)
Also, the arm, scraper, and drill can be extended, shortened, and removed by screw joints, so that drilling, excavation depth, and mowing tool length can be adjusted freely. It can be used as a tool and has flexibility, which makes it very convenient.

One or more wings (ribs) attached to the scraper may be cut. It may be anti-friction processed or plated.
The wing can stop the rotation of the scraper with the resistance of the soil without an arm.
The blade can also serve as a scraper, and is suitably arranged in a radial or tangential direction so as to receive a large resistance from the soil in the rotational direction and a low resistance in the axial direction.
When a cylindrical or bowl-shaped scraper is used, the blade is fixed to the scraper to prevent the scraper from rotating, and the scraper can be reinforced. Wings and arms can be used together.

In drilling as a drilling tool, the soil can be drilled with a drill, and then the drill (or rotating shaft) can be used as an insulator or stirred to pulverize and cultivate the soil. The insulator operation and stirring operation are adjusted according to the purpose from a negligible swing to a large swing operation. You can add lateral swing, precession, and lateral movement. It is possible to dig up by repeating these operations many times, and to finish fields and fields easily with less labor by mechanical tillage and manual tillage if necessary. Even if the lawn has been compacted, it can be restored to cultivated soil or the ground by using the drill as the excavating tool of the present invention.

From the viewpoint of drilling efficiency, it is preferable that the drill for drilling the soil to form a hole also has a spiral corresponding to the tip drill part and the rotary shaft part. A perforated tube can be used as a scraper and left on the pore wall after drilling. This hole can also be used for collecting soil contamination samples for environmental analysis, draining water, infiltrating rainwater underground, filling sand and gravel, and injecting ground reinforcement.

For cutting and cutting flexible materials that are not fixed like grass, cocoons, and aquatic plants, traditionally, a hand sickle is used, or a circular saw with a high peripheral speed is used. It was limited to the method of cutting and cutting like this.
In the present invention, winding is prevented by adding a scraper to either a rotary shaft to which a tip drill is fixed or a rod-like rotary shaft having a blade or a protrusion, and if necessary, a fiber, wire or string It is possible to cut or mow fiber, flexible grass, aquatic plants, stems, twigs, etc. by using the wrapping force such as, or the pinch between the scraper and the rotating shaft, blade, protrusion etc. as the fixing force did. Side drills and protrusions can be attached to the tip drill and rotating shaft, respectively. This facilitates weeding, that is, mowing and root removal, with a relatively thin long, for example, 1 m drill type mower. Easily remove weeds in the fields and weeds on the turf. In the field of rice, lake grass, and water weeding, the mower with a float illustrated in FIG. 15 can be configured.

In the scraper that is completely cylindrical and covers the rotating shaft portion or the rotating tip drill portion, the edge of the cylinder tip functions as a scraper blade. Notched cylinders, ridges, and plate-shaped scrapers are those whose edges or contacting parts facing the rotating shaft are used as blades to suppress or wrap around, for example, those that are about to adhere, such as peeling mud or Cut (reap).
A scraper does not necessarily require a sharp blade. To prevent wrapping, it can be used for scraping and cutting and cutting with an obtuse angle or blade. If a scraper is attached with an acute blade, it will be cut and cut more easily. The scraper is a cylinder selected from a drill blade or rotating shaft, a cylindrical spring, a bowl-shaped or plate-shaped scraper along the drill blade, or a block-shaped scraper having a corner, a comb-shaped scraper, or a scraper having a saw blade. It can be one or a combination.

The rotary shaft may be fixed to the tip drill or may be detachable with screws. The tip drill may be removed when mowing. If it is for mowing only, the tip drill can be omitted, but it is convenient to attach it.

Scraper makes it easy to wrap around drilled blades, rotating shafts, drive shafts, or stick to rotate and penetrate, lateral holes, holes, fibrous materials, linear objects, and deposits that hinder expansion of cultivation range It was found that operations such as excavation, hole expansion, agitation, and soil crushing can be performed while eliminating them. At this time, the wear of the blade is blunted by the action of earth and sand, but drilling is possible even with dull cutting edges, and there is no problem with scraper performance, and drills can be constructed with soft steel materials as well as hard materials and carbide replacement tip cutting edges. Cost can be saved. The tip of the tip can be selected from a tapered, flat, scooping blade, spiral or any other tip. A combination of self-polishing may be used.

Other than woodworking or ironworking drills, it can be properly used according to the soil soil, fiber and plant types, such as ordinary steel, stainless steel, tool steel, etc., which are tip-processed on steel rods. In soil excavation, tool steel, hardened steel, sharpening and sharpening are not necessarily required.
The swivel region of the tip blade tip 2 is preferably larger than the scraper cylinder outer diameter, but can be selected depending on the scraper shape, thickness, material, and diameter of the drill blade. In order to leave the cylinder in the hole as it is after drilling, it is necessary that the outer diameter of the tip is smaller than the inner diameter of the scraper or that the blade at the tip can be inserted and removed. Mechanical remote control is possible with Kochi technology. The edge 23 at the edge of the cylinder as a scraper may be oblique or saw-toothed and can be arbitrarily selected. Small drill diameters, for example, diameters of 3 to 15 mm or 25 mm, there is no problem in the drilling speed depending on the power, the spiral nature of the tip, and the soil, and the thrust is small, so the labor load is small. A large-diameter drill, a low-power drill, and a helix with a large or small thrust, runout as a drill, precession, vibration, etc. (a vibration drill can be used) are low power and efficient.

In this way, it is obstructed by physical obstacles such as field weeds, roots, twigs, and winding obstacles such as fields, wasteland, forests, waste landfills, etc. Without digging, digging and plowing.

Covering the rotating shaft with a complete cylindrical scraper covering the rotating part of the drill can prevent wrapping, and the tip of the drill can be tapered or formed into a thin blade (may be blunt) or a scooping blade with a spiral tip By doing so, it was possible to excavate without significantly reducing the penetration performance. In this case, the tip edge of the cylinder acts as a scraper blade of the drill. The edge along the rotating shaft acts as a scraper in the case where a part or most of the cylinder is missing and the shaft is exposed. Furthermore, the rotating shaft is spiral, gear-shaped, dish-shaped, axial pump blades, and by giving them the action of a blade (may be obtuse), cutting in the direction crossing the axis, that is, reaming, hole expansion, fiber cutting, stirring It can have an effect. For drilling and mowing, hard fibers may require sharp teeth, or a blade that may be a saw blade, but can be selected by testing.

As a means for preventing rotation or displacement of the scraper, one or a combination selected from a blade attached to the scraper, a protrusion of the scraper, a fixed arm to the drive unit, and a flexible scraper rotation control cable tethered to an object other than the drive unit It can be used.
When a pipe work is used for the scraper or its support part, the pipe is lightweight, and a threaded joint and a welded joint can be freely selected and used. There is an advantage that the drill, adaptation to the rotating shaft diameter, and scraper length can be easily selected.

A commercially available drill blade or drill machine can be used as it is. The scraper prevents winding around a wire, a fibrous plant, a plastic film shaft, or a drill blade. The scraper can use a corner, blade, wire, or coil along a cylindrical, hook-shaped, wing-shaped, or comb-shaped shaft. The cylinder may be partially opened freely to expose the internal screw, protrusion, or shaft surface partially or almost entirely.

In the case of a cylindrical scraper, the clearance between the rotating shaft, drill, spiral crest, or projection tip is suitably about zero to 2 mm. In the case of a cylinder, the annular edge at the tip becomes a scraping blade, and attention should be paid to the gap in this part. In the case of hooks, openings, slits or holes, the edges along the axis, slits or holes act as scraping blades. The blade can be straight or sawtooth, the arrangement of gear teeth, comb teeth can be used, and the blade need not be linear, and the blade may be obtuse.

The material can be one or a combination selected from metals, plastics, and ceramics for the tip drill part, the rotating shaft part, and the scraper part. The tip drill part and the rotating shaft part can be integrated or have a known joining structure such as welding, bonding, or screwing. The scraper portion is suitably made of steel, but may be made of plastic. The scraper part can be a cutting blade, but various functions such as various metals, steel materials, mild steel, plastics, rubber, wood, carbon, and composites thereof can be used when the function is limited to prevent winding.

The scraper support arm is used to prevent the scraper from rotating, but is also used for operation, reinforcement, and safety. It can be directly connected to and supported by the drive unit 10. It can be used to support or operate the drill as a handle. Moreover, you may connect with a drill drive part main body directly. 31 may be provided independently or connected to the drive unit 10. In the case of connection, there is a function that does not apply an excessive load to the motor shaft when the drill rotation shaft is used as a lever to expand the hole.
A sharp blade can be attached to the scraper. At this time, the fiber, thin stem, and root tendencies can be reversed to cut. Otherwise they run away from the blade. The sickle grabs the escaping grass with his hand and cuts it. Circular saw blades and idler blades are cut with high-speed inertia, but the present invention enables cutting by winding and gripping by the action of pinching because the peripheral speed is relatively low.

Traditionally, wood drills (may be counterbored or reamer) or screws are used for farming, horticulture, mowing, root weeding, forest weeding, drills, screws, rotary drilling rods. Roots and stem fibers were wrapped around and it was difficult to continue the work. The same was true for soil and sediment mixed with plastic film. Therefore, a scraping blade (scraper), comb-like or rake-like scraping removal function is added to the side surface of a drill, screw surface, reamer blade, cylinder shaft, angular shaft, or extension shaft, or it follows the shaft rotation. Fully or partially covered cylinders or bowl-like covers are provided to prevent winding of fibrous materials, foil, etc., and to provide cutting performance in the direction crossing the rotation axis, excavating soil, etc., crushing, stirring To improve efficiency.

An excavator for drilling holes for sowing or seedling in a field is known. The soil can be arbitrarily drilled with, for example, a woodworking drill or a steel drill. However, at the same time or in succession, there was nothing to stir and plow the pores. In the present invention, following the drilling, the soil bond is loosened and crushed or broken by the insulator, the vibration action and the side cutting action. However, it has been found that when the drill is moved in the crossing direction of the shaft, the roots, stems, and roots, stems, and leaves of the plant family are easy to wrap around the drill blade and not only become a nodule but also disturb the side cutting action.
In addition to this problem, the present invention solves a safety problem by a scraper, and enables a light work to be performed safely with a light drill. The wrapping prevention cover may be a spring. In this case, when not inserted into the soil, the spring extends to cover all or a part of the drill or the rotating shaft, so that it is possible to prevent a contact accident such as a finger.

The difference between cutting and drilling in woodworking is that it is possible to reduce the load of the number of repeated operations by using a large-diameter cone as much as possible. Only drilling work is necessary, but drilling and loosening the soil bond will transform dredging and shoveling work into light work. The drill itself also functions as a crusher and a stirrer. The plowing while avoiding the obstacles of winding of the fiber by the present invention results in light separation of withered grass, rakes of grass roots, sieves, etc. Effective utilization enables wide-area collection as biomass to be mechanized as dry powder and chips. Although natural drying takes place in the installation of drying equipment, site problems can be avoided by distributing silos near the biomass source. Even when forced drying is performed using a heat source, a system in which a part of the biomass is burned near the biomass generation source and used as a heat source is advantageous.

In agriculture, forestry, horticulture, earthwork, sedimentation waste, composting, excavation, mowing, weeding, environmental measures, etc., using drills and power tools that are weeding machines to facilitate work, Labor saving, safety, and easy to carry and transport equipment. In addition, even small-scale or mountainous fields, lawn care, weeding machines can be easily used by amateurs, even in soil containing fibrous roots, branches and leaves, fibers, plastic film, etc., fiber to drill as a drill or cutter, By preventing the wrapping and entanglement of plastic film, etc., the work is made efficient and a light, small, and small power drill can be used.
The difference from the conventional woodworking, ironworking drills, etc. of the present invention is that they are intended to drill with a precise bore inner diameter. Therefore, the drill blade cannot be covered with a cover, or a scraper secondary to the drill blade cannot be used together. It was not possible to attach a kimono removal function, and a safety cover, frame, etc. could not be attached. Therefore, drilling was dangerous, but it was noted that accurate drilling is not necessary in the present invention. Cover the drill blade, or attach a scraper or hook-shaped scraper to eliminate wrapping fibers, wires, etc., and both the scraper and wing also serve as a safety device for fingers. Drill as a lever or lever This has the advantage that a blade or a long rotating shaft can be reinforced.

If a large-diameter drill is used during drill drilling, cutting and crushing can be performed simultaneously with high efficiency and safety.
In the case of relatively large power by a large diameter drill, there is a feature that even an unskilled worker can safely cut and crush by adding a current detector, a torque limiter and the like.
Small electric drills can be stopped by overloading, so a relatively small-diameter drill can be used for 400W-class household drills, or for agriculture, forestry, gardening, and lawn maintenance.
The performance in the side direction of the drill as a rotary blade is a crushing cutting action and does not necessarily require sharpness like a normal blade. The clot can be cut, crushed and divided with an obtuse blade while applying vibration.

The present invention is a tool that can be used as a drill or a mowing and aquatic mowing. Drilling into the soil using this equipment and communicating between drilling with a reamer function, or drilling while moving laterally while side cutting with lever action, and drilling while giving the drill up / down, lateral or precession Can drill and cultivate. Fan-shaped mowing near the surface of the ground, aquatic plants are agitated in water, cut and crushed, and in all cases, fiber, filament-like wrapping, soil, and sticky adhesion obstacles can be automatically eliminated.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a drill is used to make a single hole in the soil, and the hole is punched or squeezed. A plurality of holes are drilled, the holes are connected with a reamer function, and the drills are drilled, drilled and cultivated while precessing. Use properly according to the soil type, fiber type, plant type and composition of ordinary steel, stainless steel, tool steel, etc., which are tip-processed on other steel rods for woodworking or ironworking drills (may be replaced with hard tips) Can do. In soil that has been cultivated, that is, soil that is not as hard as so-called cultivated soil, tool steel, hardened steel, sharpening and sharpening are not necessarily required. It has the feature that it can be used while processing high-grade steel even in the development of hard soil and wasteland. The same applies to the treatment of soft grass, aquatic plants, thin shrubs, roots, and soils containing them. In the case of hard fibers, such as scallops, for preventing excavation and digging, a sharp blade and teeth are not scratched. However, in the case of free fibers such as mowing, a configuration such as a sharp blade, teeth, a saw blade, or a scissor that first hits and then hits the cutting blade is suitable.

(1) An excavation machine having a tip drill portion, a rotating shaft portion fixed to the tip drill portion, and a scraper portion provided outside the rotating shaft portion.
(2) An excavating machine having a blade on one or both of the rotating shaft portion and the scraper portion.
(3) The excavating tool according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the scraper portion has an arm.
FIG. 1 is a side view of a drill blade 1 which is an excavating tool suitable for the present invention, and a drive unit 10, and a scraper 3 as a fiber winding preventing mechanism which is a work obstruction, and prevents the scraper from rotating. It comprises a wing 4 that digs into the soil and prevents rotation, a scraper support 6 that fixes and supports the blade, and a drive unit 10. The tip drill portion 2 is a tapered screw 2 to reduce the positioning of the hole and the rush resistance, and to obtain the traction force for drilling. The groove or opening 5 of the scraper is an opening for automatically scraping a small amount of wound fibers, but allows manual removal in the event of a blockage. In the case of a large opening as shown in FIG. 9, it is effective for generating a pulling force and a rushing thrust by a spiral as well as a scraping effect, increasing work efficiency. Useful for stirring and grinding. A rotating shaft with a spiral (standard for woodworking and ironing drills) feeds the excavated soil out of the hole as a screw carrier. In FIG. 1, the entrance of the cut soil passes through the rotary shaft portion from the opening on the side and the earth and sand intake 14, and goes out to the production of earth and sand in the opening 15. Such a sediment flow preferably facilitates drilling in the case of relatively hard soils and soil layers, but in many soils, the function of an internal screw carrier is not necessary as seen in pile driving. If the drill as the excavating machine is shaken in the direction of travel (if left-right vibration or precession is given), it will not interfere with the drilling or agitation of the drill after the drilling or drilling. A vibration drilling machine may be used.

In FIG. 9, the opening 5 is large, and the screw 1 is exposed on both sides. FIG. 2 shows the situation of the tip drill and the internal spiral when the scraper 3 is a cylinder without a notch, with the cylinder opened. Reference numeral 8 denotes an anti-friction activity washer that reduces the sliding resistance of the rotating drill chuck 8. Known materials and shapes may be used. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the tip drill and scraper tip of FIG.
FIG. 4 shows an example of a drill having a large cutting ability, stirring ability, and high drilling speed at the side opening of the drill part. The opening is one side. A scraper steady rest 18 is also shown.
FIG. 4 shows an example in which the opening 5 of the cylindrical scraper 3 is enlarged to form a bowl shape, and a part of the screw is exposed to utilize the side excavation performance. If notches, teeth, etc. are formed in the screw thread, the side cutting reamer action, pulverization and mixing action can be increased.
FIG. 3 shows the cover 3 with a slit opening 5. The earth and sand generated by the excavation of the tip cone 2 is taken in from the opening 14 and excavated while being discharged from the outlet of the opening 15. Drilling can be performed while swinging the device shaft, which is efficient.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view in the axial direction of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a side plan view of the tip drill portion and the rotary shaft portion. The mountain is a smooth ring, but it is more effective if it is a tooth-like cut or other blade or tooth as described above.

FIG. 7 is a sketch of an axial drill. A scraper scraping blade along the drill side surface of the drill tip 2 in FIG. 5 is provided with a comb 23 that exposes the valley of the screw. In this case, the screw thread is circularly cut to the depth that the teeth bite.

  FIG. 8 is a side view of the drill similar to FIG. A plurality of axial flow blade rows, comb-shaped scraping teeth and a feed blade are shown.

When the cylindrical scraper 3 is partially opened as shown in FIG. 5, for example, in the shape of a bowl, the edge of 3 is used as a scraping blade, and when a crest portion such as a screw is exposed to the side, a screw crest or Has a merit that the cutting action in the direction intersecting the axis works by the reamer blade, and the enlargement, agitation and crushing action of the holes are increased. FIG. 16 shows a scraper with openings on both sides, which is greatly different from the conventional method of using a drill. FIG. 17 shows the cross section and the scraper blade 23, the blade 4 or the projection 34 of the scraper. In the case of digging up the cultivated soil, the rotating shaft was a rod and the tip was effective with either a flat chisel, chisel or a pointed tip. However, the cutting efficiency and crushing stirring efficiency of hard soils are reduced. To give cutting ability and root cutting ability to the rotating shaft part, the shaft part is exposed and the non-spiral annular blade shown in FIGS. FIG. 8 can be illustrated with a blade that is a blade of a person. FIGS. 5 and 7 illustrate the case where the scraper scratches or contacts the surface and the case where an annular protrusion and an intrusion 23 magazine are required closer to the core than the tip of the wing.
Similarly, the drill, scraper, and wing structure shown in FIG. 2 and subsequent figures were used for hand drilling, plowing, plowing, digging, and removing roots of roots.
The digging and driving machine 10 can be a normal motor, an existing drill machine, or a vibration drill machine. When the hole diameter is about 5 mm to 60 mm and the soil is hard, it is easy to use a hand drill with a drill blade of up to about 20 mm. A 400 mm mild steel bar with a tip or flaw shaped tip could also be used as a drill.
As the cylindrical scraper, gas pipe (SGP), stainless steel pipe, and hard plastic pipe (PVC pipe) could be used. Of course, other steel pipes and plastic pipes can also be used.
The appropriate gap between the rotating drill and shaft is 0.5 to 2 mm. The plate-shaped scraper could be brought into close contact. The plate-type scraper was used effectively in the state where 3 was removed in FIG. 1 and the blade 4 was in direct contact with the rotating shaft 1.

By drilling one hole and then crushing the surrounding soil or drilling two or more holes, and then breaking and crushing the consolidated hard soil remaining between the holes, manual digging and crushing work is remarkable. Labor saving.
The tip of the drill blade is a tapered helix 2, the shaft portion 1 having a screw feeding action, and the winding scraper 3 that does not rotate itself with respect to the rotation of the shaft prevents the winding of the fiber, and at the same time the shaft portion ( The gap with the feed portion 1 is limited to prevent the rotating shaft portion from being enlarged by winding, that is, to prevent the drill function and the cutting function from being stopped. The fiber peeling around the surface of the spiral 1 on the side surface of the drill, soil vibration, and a reamer cutting function are provided.

The grooves or openings 5 can be easily removed if there is a small amount of fibrous material. The anti-rotation rib 4 has a function of preventing (or mitigating) rotation of the scraper 3 by the resistance of the soil without the support mechanism of the scraper such as a cylinder or the like. There is a reinforcing function to prevent the drill from being bent by the force of the lever and the lever. It is more effective if it has a saw-toothed edge. Next to the screw at the tip 2 or the radial reamer-shaped blade, there is a rotational concavo-convex part or a gear-like part, or the screw thread and the annular scraping blade 21 of FIG. A reamer function and a dividing function can be provided by applying a contact pressure in the lateral direction by twisting. Reference numeral 8 denotes a sliding washer that gives a slip, and is effective particularly for preventing the scraper 3 from rotating when the support mechanism 6 is not used.

As the drill, a short drill of several centimeters to 1 to 2 meters can be used. It exerts a crushing force by digging while rotating by applying a force that turns the tip or middle part as a lever fulcrum. The processing speed is high because of the high speed rotation. It resembles a grooving and countersink tool in ordinary woodworking, but the length direction is long according to the drill, and can be swung up and down, left and right, and moved and plowed. In any case, there is a pulverizing action while facilitating perforation. Longer ones are more efficient for mowing and aquatic mowing. If the soil was not hard, a deep hole having a diameter of 10 to 20 mm and a length of 40 to 1000 mm could be easily drilled. Conditions such as diameter selection as a drill can be easily set by experiments.

FIG. 2 is an example in which the tip drill portion 2 of FIG. 1 is modified to a woodwork drill tip type. The tip weight is a tapered screw or cone that facilitates entry into the soil. When the scraper unit 3 is a closed cylindrical scraper, the reamer function is poor, but the safety to the human body, particularly the fingers, is high, and it is suitable for use by inexperienced workers. However, when the wing 4 is attached, the side reamer function and the lever action are reinforced.
Exposing the spiral to the side increases the reamer function. Moreover, if the top of the spiral is made thinner, the lateral reamer cutting function can be further enhanced.

At the same time, if all scrapers are removed and a regular blade is used on the side of the drill as shown in the inventor's Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-317217 "Process and apparatus for plant material", standing trees and wood will be cut. Convenient to share. The drill of the present invention does not necessarily require a sharp, hard blade used for drilling or cutting wood or steel. However, if necessary, a hard steel, a cemented carbide, a ceramic blade, or a replacement blade can be used for the tip cone 2, a scooping blade attached if necessary, and side teeth. At the same time, if all scrapers are removed and a regular blade is used on the side of the drill as shown in the inventor's Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-317217 "Process and apparatus for plant material", standing trees and wood will be cut. Convenient to share. The drill of the present invention does not necessarily require a sharp, hard blade used for drilling or cutting wood or steel. However, if necessary, a hard steel, a cemented carbide, a ceramic blade, or a replacement blade can be used for the tip cone 2, a scooping blade attached if necessary, and side teeth.

After drilling, the remainder between the holes can be collapsed with a reamer or a drill of the invention with reamer action. The larger the drill diameter, the better the processing efficiency, but the apparatus becomes large and requires skill.
This function can be mounted on a lightweight cart or axle to facilitate movement and lever action.
FIG. 10 is a diagram of the mobile gantry. A scraper 3 or a scraping part blade is mounted on the drill blade 1 and brought into the work site. Alternatively, a scraper and a scraping part may be mounted after being brought in.

When using the movable mount 20, it is attached to the mount. Next, after the power supply 13 is connected, the operation lever 31 is operated to drive the feeding device 30 to push the moving table 17, and the drill blade is rotated and inserted into the soil or the sediment 27 to drill. After drilling to a predetermined depth, the wheel 25 is used as a fulcrum to pry it like a lever to widen the hole to the side, and at the same time, the crushing action is activated. This is similar to excavating soil with an excavator or turning compost back. The rib (blade) can serve as both a rotation preventing function of the cylinder 3 as a scraper and a excavation turning-back function of the shovel. There are one or more blades (ribs), and they also serve as reinforcement when using a drill blade and a drill blade extension rod. It was found that it can also be used for rapid deep hole drilling of soil. The difference from the case of plate processing with a woodworking drill is that holes can be freely drilled either vertically or diagonally to the ground. Instead of the tip cone 2, it may be a drill tip with a small cone (may be rod-shaped) 2 similar to a woodworking drill, a scooping blade, and a ruled blade if necessary.

FIG. 11 shows an example in which the tip drill portion 2 of FIG. 2 is modified to a woodwork drill tip type.
Even a short punch suitable for drilling a large diameter, such as the hole saws in FIGS. 12 and 13, has a fiber wound, but according to the present invention, it can also be used as a drill. In this case, the tip is thick and the drive shaft can be constructed tough. In the case of a hole saw structure, it is desirable that excavated soil or the like can pass in the axial direction instead of a blind structure, and hard soil may be required.
The excavator with a large-diameter tip makes it easy to turn over in the case of humus and composting, and the labor load is reduced. In addition, the pulverization and mixing aeration function can be strengthened and the composting promotion effect was obtained. The screw built-in type of this digging machine can be used for the reversing work by making the hanging type automatic running.
(Working example)

In some home gardens, weeds such as garden tree roots and susuki were overgrown with shovels, and it was difficult to revive cultivation with a simple drill. The ground was drilled by hand with the drill of FIG. 1 (with the drill blade of FIG. 3 attached). The drill had a blade length of 120 mm, a diameter of 15 mm, a scooping blade, a tapered screw tip, a ruled blade, a scraper tube (tube) having an inner diameter of 16 mm (SGP gas tube), and a notch width of 2 mm.
I was able to cultivate with light labor. Lawn care has also become easier.
(Control example) Soil containing cut grass, hay, pruned branches, and uncrushed roots contains fibrous material, and it is recognized that there are some lands where it is difficult to continue working because it is necessary to remove hulls and pouches wrapped around the shaft. It was. In addition to wrapping the roots, the drill bent in order to drill and dig back the soil with a woodworking drill without a scraper. Those with a scraper were neither wound nor bent. In the maintenance of the lawn, it was difficult and cumbersome to use the drill as it was because the roots of the lawn were involved. Some home gardens were overgrown with weeds such as garden tree roots and susuki, and were difficult to cultivate even with excavators or with simple drilling machines.

(4) A tip drill portion, a rotating shaft portion fixed to the tip drill portion, and a scraper portion provided outside the rotating shaft, and blades are provided on either or both of the rotating shaft portion and the scraper portion. A drill characterized by having a drill.
(5) The drill according to claim 4, wherein the scraper portion has an arm.
(6) The drill according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the scraper part is a porous cylinder or a cylinder having a slit.
(7) The drill according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein a support portion is fixed to the scraper portion, and the support portion is constituted by either a rod or a pipe workpiece and a threaded joint.

1 to 17, the configuration of the tip drill section 2, the rotating shaft 1 and the scraper 3, the blade 4, and the arm 6 if necessary, the configuration of the blade, teeth, the shape and the function are the same as in the first embodiment. It is.
The first embodiment is a soil object suitable for relatively soft cultivated land, and in principle, breaks holes and surrounding soil leaves. As shown in FIGS. 4 to 17, an exposed portion of a portion having a cutting function of a drill portion or a rotating shaft portion. However, the third, fourth, and fifth inventions aim to obtain deep holes by using the helical biting ability without breaking the perforated holes. In soils that are prone to collapse, a perforated tube can be used as a scraper, which can be removed and left in the hole after drilling. In the soil that does not easily collapse, it was filled with sand, gravel, gravel, etc. When necessary, an environmental measurement sample tube was inserted, collected, air-water suction purification, drainage, and rainwater infiltration tube. It became easier to fill the perforated holes with cleaner, adsorbent, sand and gravel.

(8) A mowing tool having a rotating shaft portion and a scraper portion provided outside the rotating shaft portion, and having a blade on either or both of the rotating shaft portion and the scraper portion.
(9) The mowing machine according to claim 8, wherein the scraper portion has an arm.

The configuration, shape, and function of the rotating shaft 1 and scraper 3, blades, blades, and teeth are the same as in the first embodiment. When using for hand-held mowing, remove the drill part at the tip or use the one without the tip drill part. A machine with a drill or blade (or protrusion) with a diameter of 2-20 mm is convenient.
FIG. 18A shows a test in which the side surface of the rotary shaft 1 having a blade is applied to the side surface of the grass 55 growing on the ground 27 to try to mow. One end of the grass is fixed by a root 56 in the ground, but the grass on the ground moves freely, so it cannot be cut or cut by a blade attached to a low-speed shaft.
FIG. 18B shows a state of cutting with the rotating shaft 1 with a scraper. That is, since the scraper blade or the surface of the scraper bites the grass and forms a large fulcrum and cuts it, it can be cut without requiring the stationary inertia of the grass itself. Works in the same way as Sakai. Alternatively, the surface facing the scraper blade can function as a cutting board and can be cut.

In the case of a woodworking drill, it is more effective if the blade shown in Patent Document 1 is attached to a crest of a spiral (or an annular blade or sharp teeth), and a sharp straight blade or saw blade is also used on the scraper edge. It is preferable to attach.
The one with the drill tip at the rotating shaft can also be used for mowing as it is. As a tool for agriculture, forestry and horticultural earth and soil, which can be used for both drill excavation and mowing function, it can be used conveniently because the mowing function and excavation of roots can be combined with the same machine. The arm 6 is a fixture that prevents the wing 4 from rotating. At the same time and with a safety function and a 300 mm long hand sickle, it enables a shaft rotary blade with a length of 1 to 2 m together with a hand-held power mower. When the scraper is reinforced, it uses an arm and can be operated with both hands at the same time, and it can be handled easily and safely.

FIG. 19 shows an example of the shape of a blade of a mower. Diagonal cuts were made on the side surface of the cylinder 3 to create a plurality of openings to form a scraper, a blade 61 was attached, and a blade 21 was also attached to the screw side to prevent cutting of grass fibers. FIG. 20 is an axial view of the BB cross section in FIG. The grass 58 is cut while being sandwiched. It can be cut in the same manner as the cocoon. The blade can be self-polished. The plan view of the wing 4 shows an example of a comb tooth shape for guiding to the blade of the grass. The axial direction of the drill can be cut even if it is flat or inclined, and can be selected depending on the pitch and rotation direction of the screw and the shape of the blade.

In the removal of the shrub by the hand-held drill as shown in FIG. 1, the blades of the tip drill portion and the rotary shaft shaft portion are exposed by the single-sided drill with the blades shown in FIGS. It was easy to cut and remove roots. There were no wrap-around obstacles.

Cultivated the soil that has been compacted. The excavator drill and the hand-held excavator drill work corresponding to FIG. 10 were performed, and then performed manually. All of the drills of FIGS. 4, 8, 11, 12, 14, and 16 could be used. Crushing was performed with a drill, and the work of crushing the soil grains finely was easily done with an excavator and a hoe.
If this is all done manually, the workload is heavy.

Sedimentary soil containing plastic film, fiber scraps and vegetation was flipped. Although manual operation with an excavator was difficult, excavation was performed using the drill shown in FIG. 1 without wrapping around the drill, and the material was easily separated from the waste.

A gas pipe having an inner diameter of 9.2 mm was covered as a cylindrical scraper as shown in FIG. 9 on the shaft portion of two woodwork cones (widths of 30 mm and 12 mm, thickness of 2 mm, shaft diameter of 8 mm, and effective shaft length of 105 mm). The arm length was 450 mm.
Both digging of cultivated soil and perforating care of turf soil that had been hardened and solidified were able to be excavated without a shaft winding. It was no longer a hard work.
(Control example) When there was no cylinder scraper, dead grass, lawn, etc. could not be wound. When the drilling machine was not used, turf care, field weeding, and excavating with excavators were powerful tasks.

A threaded steel bar with a diameter of 12 mm and a length of 450 mm was cut into a taper tip, and was then grooved into a threaded shape with a pitch of 7 mm, a depth of 3 mm, an inclination of 45 degrees in the axial direction, and front and back. As shown in FIG. 1, the lawn soil, which was made by hand drilling and hardened, was dug up like a cocoon. I was able to work easily without any effort. There was no turf root winding. Worked on the above steel bar with a length of 50 mm. Similarly, shallow cultivation was possible.
[The invention's effect]

Agricultural and forestry, horticulture, vegetable gardens, organic, inorganic deposits, landfills, fallow land, waste plastic film that has been digging up wasteland, etc. It excavates land, mountainous areas, waste disposal sites, etc., and makes it easy to collect obstacles if necessary. Simplify operations such as collecting environmental samples, releasing harmful gases from soil, infiltrating rainwater, and draining water.
At the same time, it prevents accidents of finger contact, and unlike conventional work machines, a lightweight device and portable drill can be used. Safety and light weight enable unskilled workers and children to work safely. In agriculture, farming with shovels, scoops, and kites is facilitated by them. It can be used for excavation and agricultural work even if the equipment is enlarged. According to the present invention, it is excellent in small portability and portability, and can be used for existing machines, farming machines, thinning, and timber cutting.

Power lines, distributed solar power generation, etc. can be used as a power source, and portable and transportable drills can be used, enabling mountain forest work in remote mountains. The power source can be distributed at the source or in the vicinity thereof. The present invention enables not only soil excavation and excavation but also cutting and pulverization of standing trees with a drill by exchanging the blade tip, and shrub cutting, thinning, pulverization and drying can be distributed, reducing the cost of carrying out biomass powdered fuel and greatly improving economy It is also useful for the recovery of unused resources, unused land, and idle cultivated land.
In addition, many small holes can be opened safely and easily with a simple drill, which is useful for solving environmental problems.

Drill side sketch Side view of tip drill and rotary shaft Open section Scraper sketch Outline drawing of scraper and rotating shaft When a screw can be used for horizontal cutting Axial view Example equivalent to Fig. 4 Illustration of the reamer blade of the tip drill part and the annular scraping blade or blade side view The scraping tooth rotation shaft biting into the drill blade cover and screw notch, drill tip screw axial view Tip reamer type cutting drill blade scraping teeth and drill side view In case of paddle type feed blade Side view of drill with scraper support arm Explanatory drawing of a side view of a drill with a removable portable table and drilling, hole enlargement, stirring and crushing. Side view of woodworking drill type blade Explanatory drawing of drill blade at the tip of hole saw type Explanatory drawing of a drill blade at the tip of a hole saw type with side cutting teeth Side view of lightweight drill with handle Side view of drill with float Large opening cylinder scraper axial sketch Figure 16 Axis sketch of cylinder scraper Mowing chart Mowing machine illustration Mower tool axial section view

1 shaft, drill blade, 2 cone or reamer blade, tip screw, 22 scissors blade, 3 cylinder, scissor scraper, 4 blades, 5 groove or opening, 6 scraper support, 7 retaining screw, 8 sliding washer,
9 drill chuck, 10 drive unit, 11 support screw, 12 switch, 13 drill power supply,
14 opening Sediment intake, 15 opening Sediment discharge,
16 drive shaft, 17 moving base, 18 cylindrical scraper steadying, reinforcing arm,
19 guide slide base, 20 work vehicle, transport vehicle,
21 screw pile, ringed earth and sand scraping blade, 22 scooping blade, 23 scraper blade, comb teeth, blade,
23 Comb scraper, 24 operation handle, 25 wheels, 26 treated soil, 27 land, sediment surface, 28 posture stabilization leg, 29 adjustment arm, 30 feeding device, 31 operation lever,
32 scooping blade, ruler blade, hole saw blade, 34 scraper projection,
37 Threaded joint, welded joint, screwed in, 39 handle, 41 blade of blade, saw blade, 43 cylindrical scraper part, 44 swing mechanism, 53 water surface, 54 drilling depth stopper, 56 grass root, 58 grass

Claims (9)

A digging machine having a tip drill portion, a rotary shaft portion fixed to the tip drill portion, and a scraper portion provided outside the rotary shaft portion. An excavation tool having a blade in one or both of the rotating shaft portion and the scraper portion. The excavating machine according to claim 1, wherein the scraper part has an arm. A tip drill portion, a rotating shaft portion fixed to the tip drill portion, a scraper portion provided outside the rotating shaft, and a blade on either or both of the rotating shaft portion and the scraper portion; Features a drill. The drill according to claim 4, wherein the scraper portion has an arm. The drill according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the scraper portion is a perforated cylinder or a cylinder having a slit. The drill according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein a support part is fixed to the scraper part, and the support part is constituted by either a rod or a pipe workpiece and a threaded joint. A mowing tool having a rotating shaft portion and a scraper portion provided outside the rotating shaft portion, and having a blade on either or both of the rotating shaft portion and the scraper portion. The mower according to claim 8, wherein the scraper unit has an arm.

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