JP2010021614A - Image capturing apparatus, and its angle of field changing method and angle of field changing program - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an image capturing apparatus capable of simply performing change control for a suitable photography angle of field, even when an interchangeable lens of a different type is attached. <P>SOLUTION: The image capturing apparatus includes an image sensor of an APS-C (Advanced Photo System type-C) size. An interchangeable lens (APS enabled lens) designed for the image sensor or an interchangeable lens (full size enabled lens) designed for a full-sized image sensor can be attached to the apparatus. In addition, a photography angle of field can be changed by moving an imaging plane 101f of the image sensor using a hand blurring correction mechanism. Specifically, when the APS enabled lens is attached, a hand blurring correction range Et settled in its image circle Ja is configured as a moving range of the imaging plane 101f. At the same time, when the full size enabled lens is attached, a drive limit range Es of the hand blurring correction mechanism settled in its image circle Jb is configured as the moving range of the imaging plane 101f. As a result, change control of a suitable photography angle of field can be performed simply, even when an interchangeable lens of a different type is attached. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique of an imaging apparatus in which an interchangeable lens can be attached and detached.

  In digital cameras (imaging devices), an image sensor is generally arranged so that the center of the imaging surface is aligned with the optical axis of the photographic optical system, and the subject light image formed at the center of the image circle is captured by the image sensor. it can. In order to change the shooting angle of view in such an imaging apparatus, it is necessary to change the orientation of the imaging apparatus itself.

  On the other hand, some imaging apparatuses are provided with a camera shake correction mechanism that performs camera shake correction by changing the positional relationship between a subject light image formed by a photographing optical system and an image sensor.

  A technique has been proposed that makes it possible to change the shooting angle of view even when the orientation of the imaging device is not changed (for example, when the imaging device is fixed with a tripod or the like) by using the above-described camera shake correction mechanism. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). According to this technology, in self-photographing, a lens using a vari-angle prism is specified so that an optimum angle of view can be specified based on a photographed image taken at a rough angle of view, and the angle of view can be taken. The shift type camera shake correction mechanism is driven to perform re-shooting. As a result, it is possible to perform shooting at a shooting angle of view intended by the user.

JP 2001-94859 A

  However, although the technique of Patent Document 1 can change the shooting angle of view mechanically by controlling the vari-angle prism, even if the change amount of the shooting angle of view is the same, it depends on the zoom state of the shooting optical system. Since it is necessary to adjust the control amount of the vari-angle prism, the control becomes complicated.

  In Patent Document 1, no consideration is given to a digital single-lens reflex camera in which an interchangeable lens can be attached and detached. Therefore, in the technique of Patent Document 1, different types of interchangeable lenses (for example, each interchangeable lens designed for an APS-C size image sensor or a full size image sensor) are attached to the camera body (camera body). In this case, it is not always possible to perform appropriate control for changing the shooting angle of view in accordance with each characteristic.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a technique for an imaging apparatus that can easily perform appropriate control for changing an imaging angle of view even when different types of interchangeable lenses are attached. To do.

  One aspect of the present invention is an imaging apparatus, which includes an interchangeable lens and a body portion on which the interchangeable lens can be attached and detached, and the body portion is provided with a plurality of types of interchangeable lenses as the interchangeable lens. An image sensor that can receive a subject light image that has passed through an interchangeable lens mounted on the mount unit, and a predetermined surface that crosses the optical axis of the interchangeable lens mounted on the mount unit. Each of the plurality of types of interchangeable lenses includes: a moving unit that moves the imaging element along the moving direction; and an angle-of-view changing unit that changes the shooting angle of view by moving the imaging element by the moving unit. The interchangeable lens is designed for each imaging element having a different size of the imaging surface, and the field angle changing unit is configured to change the moving hand according to the type of the interchangeable lens mounted on the mount unit. Having a control means for limiting the movement range of the imaging device according to.

  According to the present invention, with respect to a plurality of types of interchangeable lenses designed for each image sensor having different image capturing surface sizes, the predetermined surface that crosses the optical axis of the interchangeable lens depends on the type of interchangeable lens mounted on the mount unit. The moving range of the image sensor by the moving means for moving the image sensor along the limit is limited. As a result, even when different types of interchangeable lenses are attached, appropriate change control of the shooting angle of view can be easily performed.

<First Embodiment>
<Appearance configuration of imaging device>
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an external configuration of an imaging apparatus 1A according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The imaging apparatus 1A is configured as, for example, a single-lens reflex digital still camera, and an interchangeable lens (photographing lens) 2 can be attached to and detached from the camera body 10A. 2 and 3 are a front view and a rear view of the camera body (camera body) 10A from which the interchangeable lens 2 is removed.

  In FIG. 2, on the front side of the camera main body 10 </ b> A, a mount portion 301 in which the interchangeable lens 2 can be attached and detached at the center of the front surface, a lens exchange button 302 disposed on the right side of the mount portion 301, and a front left end portion. A grip portion 303 is provided so as to protrude from the (left side in the X direction) and allow the user to reliably hold it with one hand (or both hands). Further, in the imaging apparatus 1, a mode setting dial 305 disposed at the upper left front portion (upper left in the Y direction), a control value setting dial 306 disposed at the upper right portion of the front surface, and an upper surface of the grip portion 303 are disposed. A shutter button 307 is provided.

  In FIG. 3, on the back side of the camera body 10 </ b> A, an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) 311, a setting button group 312 disposed on the left side of the LCD 311, and a cross key 314 disposed on the right side of the LCD 311. And a push button 315 arranged at the center of the cross key 314 and a camera shake correction switch 313 arranged at the lower right of the cross key 314. Further, on the back side of the camera body 10A, an optical viewfinder 316 disposed above the LCD 311; an eye cup 321 surrounding the optical viewfinder 316; and a main switch disposed on the left side of the optical viewfinder 316 317 are provided. Further, on the back side of the imaging apparatus 1, an exposure correction button 323 and an AE lock button 324 disposed on the right side of the optical finder 316, a flash unit 318 disposed above the optical finder 316, and a connection terminal Part 319.

  The mount 301 is a part for mounting the interchangeable lens 2, and includes a plurality of electrical contacts for electrical connection with the mounted interchangeable lens 2, a coupler for performing mechanical connection, and the like. Is provided.

  The lens exchange button 302 is a button that is pressed when the interchangeable lens 2 attached to the mount unit 301 is removed.

  The grip portion 303 is a portion where the user grips the camera main body portion 10A at the time of shooting, and is provided with surface irregularities that match the finger shape in order to improve fitting properties. A battery storage chamber and a card storage chamber are provided inside the grip portion 303. A battery as a camera power source is stored in the battery storage chamber, and a recording medium (for example, a memory card) for recording image data of a photographed image is detachably stored in the card storage chamber. . The grip unit 303 may be provided with a grip sensor for detecting whether or not the user has gripped the grip unit 303.

  The mode setting dial 305 and the control value setting dial 306 are made of a substantially disk-shaped member that can rotate in a plane substantially parallel to the upper surface of the camera body 10A. The mode setting dial 305 is used for various types of shooting such as an automatic exposure (AE) control mode, an autofocus (AF) control mode, a still image shooting mode for shooting a single still image, and a continuous shooting mode for continuous shooting. This is for selectively selecting a mode and a function mounted on the camera body 10A, such as a mode and a playback mode for playing back recorded images. The control value setting dial 306 is used to set control values for various functions installed in the camera body 10A.

  The shutter button 307 is a push switch that can be operated in a “half-pressed state” that is pressed halfway and further operated in a “full-pressed state”. When the shutter button 307 is half-pressed (S1) in the still image shooting mode, a preparation operation (preparation operation for setting an exposure control value, adjusting the focus, etc.) for shooting a still image of the subject is executed. When the shutter button 307 is fully pressed (S2), a shooting operation (a series of operations for exposing the imaging sensor, performing predetermined image processing on the image signal obtained by the exposure, and recording the image signal on a memory card or the like) Is executed.

  The LCD 311 includes a color liquid crystal panel, displays an image captured by the image sensor 101 (see FIG. 4 and the like), reproduces and displays a recorded image, and the like. The mode setting screen is displayed. Note that an organic EL or a plasma display device may be used instead of the LCD 311.

  The setting button group 312 is a button for performing operations on various functions mounted on the camera body 10A. The setting button group 312 includes, for example, a selection confirmation switch for confirming the content selected on the menu screen displayed on the LCD 311, a selection cancel switch, a menu display switch for switching the content of the menu screen, a display on / off switch, A display enlargement switch is included.

  The camera shake correction switch 313 is a button for giving an operation signal for executing a camera shake correction operation by the camera shake correction unit 200A configured as an image sensor shift type camera shake correction mechanism. This camera shake correction switch 313 is used when there is a possibility that the influence of “shake” such as camera shake may appear in a photographed image, such as handheld shooting, telephoto shooting, shooting in a dark portion, or shooting that requires long exposure. The camera body 10A is set in a state where the shake correction operation can be performed.

  The cross key 314 has an annular member having a plurality of pressing portions (triangle marks in the figure) arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and is not shown and provided corresponding to each pressing portion. The pressing operation of the pressing portion is detected by the contact (switch). The push button 315 is arranged at the center of the cross key 314. The cross key 314 and the push button 315 are used to change the photographing magnification (movement of the zoom lens in the wide direction and the tele direction), frame-by-frame feeding of the recorded image to be reproduced on the LCD 311, and photographing conditions (aperture value, shutter speed, flash emission). This is for inputting an instruction such as setting of presence / absence).

  The optical viewfinder 316 is configured as an eyepiece type viewfinder provided on the back surface of the camera body 10A, and optically displays a range where a subject is photographed. In other words, the subject image from the interchangeable lens 2 is guided to the optical finder 316, and the user can visually recognize the subject actually captured by the image sensor 101 by looking into the optical finder 316. .

  The main switch 317 is a two-contact slide switch that slides to the left and right. When the switch is set to the left, the power of the camera body 10A is turned on.

  The flash unit 318 is configured as a pop-up built-in flash. When an external flash or the like is attached to the camera body 10A, the connection is made using the connection terminal 319. 1 to 3 illustrate a state in which a terminal cap is attached to the connection terminal portion 319.

  The eye cup 321 is a substantially “U” shaped light shielding member that has a light shielding property and serves to suppress the intrusion of external light into the optical viewfinder 316, and the camera body 10 </ b> A can be easily replaced. It is configured to be detachable with respect to the back surface.

  The exposure correction button 323 is a button for manually adjusting an exposure value (aperture value or shutter speed), and the AE lock button 324 is a button for fixing exposure.

  As shown by a broken line in FIG. 2, a shake detection sensor 171 is mounted on the camera main body 10A at an appropriate position of the camera main body 10A. The shake detection sensor 171 detects shake given to the camera body 10A (camera body). The horizontal direction in FIG. 2 is the X axis (pitch direction), and the direction perpendicular to the X axis is the Y axis (yaw). Assuming a two-dimensional coordinate system (direction), it has a pitch direction sensor 171a that detects a shake in the pitch direction and a yaw direction sensor 171b that detects a shake in the yaw direction. The pitch direction sensor 171a and the yaw direction sensor 171b are configured as gyroscopes (angular velocity sensors) using, for example, piezoelectric elements, and detect angular velocities in each direction.

  The interchangeable lens 2 (FIG. 1) functions as a lens window that captures light (light image) from the subject, and the subject light, which will be described later, is disposed inside the camera body 10A and an optical viewfinder 316. And a photographic optical system for guiding the camera. The interchangeable lens 2 can be detached from the camera body 10A by depressing the lens interchange button 302 described above.

  The interchangeable lens 2 includes a lens group 21 including a plurality of lenses arranged in series along the optical axis L (see FIG. 4). The lens group 21 includes a focus lens 211 (see FIG. 5) for adjusting the focal point and a zoom lens 212 (see FIG. 5) for changing the magnification, and each is driven in the direction of the optical axis L. By doing so, zooming and focus adjustment are performed. The interchangeable lens 2 is provided with an operation ring that can rotate along the outer peripheral surface of the lens barrel 22 at an appropriate position on the outer periphery of the lens barrel 22 (see FIG. 4). By the automatic operation, the movement is made in the optical axis direction according to the rotation direction and the rotation amount of the operation ring, and the zoom magnification (imaging magnification) corresponding to the position of the movement destination is set.

<Internal Configuration of Imaging Device 1A>
Next, the internal configuration of the imaging apparatus 1A will be described. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the imaging apparatus 1A. As shown in FIG. 4, the camera body 10A includes an image pickup device 101, a finder unit 102 (finder optical system), a mirror box (mirror drive unit) MB, a focus detection unit 107, a shake correction unit 200A, and a shutter unit. 40 etc. are provided.

  The imaging element 101 is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis L on the optical axis L of the lens group 21 provided in the interchangeable lens 2 when the interchangeable lens 2 is attached to the camera body 10A. ing. As the image sensor 101, for example, a plurality of pixels configured with photodiodes are two-dimensionally arranged in a matrix, and R (red), G (green), for example, having different spectral characteristics on the light receiving surface of each pixel. , B (blue) color filters are arranged in a ratio of 1: 2: 1 and a Bayer array CMOS color area sensor is used. The image sensor 101 has an APS-C (Advanced Photo System type-C) size, specifically, a size in which the size of the image pickup surface 101f (see FIG. 6) is 23.4 × 16.7 mm. Yes.

  The image sensor 101 converts the light image of the subject formed by the lens group 21 into analog electrical signals (image signals) of R (red), G (green), and B (blue) color components. , B are output as image signals of respective colors. That is, the image sensor 101 receives a subject light image that has passed through the interchangeable lens 2 attached to the mount unit 301 and acquires a subject image.

  A mirror box MB is attached between the image sensor 101 and the interchangeable lens 2, and a mirror unit 103 (reflecting plate) in the mirror box MB transmits subject light on the optical axis L to the viewfinder unit 102. It is arrange | positioned in the position reflected toward. The subject light that has passed through the interchangeable lens 2 is reflected upward by a mirror unit 103 (a main mirror 1031 described later) and forms an image on a focusing screen 104 (focus glass). Part of the subject light that has passed through the interchangeable lens 2 passes through the mirror unit 103.

  The viewfinder unit 102 includes a pentaprism 105, an eyepiece lens 106, and an optical viewfinder 316. The pentaprism 105 has a pentagonal cross section, and is a prism for converting an object light image incident from the lower surface thereof into an upright image by changing the top and bottom of the light image by internal reflection. The eyepiece 106 guides the subject image that has been made upright by the pentaprism 105 to the outside of the optical viewfinder 316. With such a configuration, the finder unit 102 functions as an optical finder for confirming the object field during shooting standby.

  The mirror unit 103 includes a main mirror 1031 and a sub mirror 1032 used for switching the optical path of subject light passing through the interchangeable lens 2, and the sub mirror 1032 is tilted toward the back of the main mirror 1031 on the back side of the main mirror 1031. It is provided so that rotation is possible. Part of the subject light transmitted through the main mirror 1031 is reflected by the sub mirror 1032, and the reflected subject light enters the focus detection unit 107.

  The mirror unit 103 is configured as a so-called quick return mirror, and has a drive mechanism KM that changes the posture of the mirror unit 103 between a mirror-down posture (the state shown in FIG. 4) and a mirror-up posture. Yes. By this drive mechanism KM, at the time of exposure in the main photographing, the rotary shaft 1033 is jumped upward as indicated by the arrow A with the rotation shaft 1033 as a rotation fulcrum, and is stopped at a position below the focusing screen 104. At this time, the sub mirror 1032 rotates about the rotation shaft 1034 in the direction indicated by the arrow B with respect to the back surface of the main mirror 1031, and when the mirror unit 103 stops at a position below the focusing screen 104, It will be in the state folded so that it may become substantially parallel to 1031. In this mirror-up posture, subject light from the interchangeable lens 2 reaches the image sensor 101 without being blocked by the mirror unit 103, and the image sensor 101 is exposed. When the exposure is completed, the mirror unit 103 returns to the mirror-down posture (state shown in FIG. 4).

  In addition, by setting the mirror unit 103 to the mirror-up posture before the main shooting (shooting for image recording), the imaging apparatus 1A allows the LCD 311 to display the subject in a moving image mode based on the image signals sequentially generated by the imaging device 101. Live view (preview) display can be displayed.

  The focus detection unit 107 is configured as a so-called AF sensor including a distance measuring element that detects focus information of a subject. The focus detection unit 107 is disposed at the bottom of the mirror unit 103 and detects the in-focus position by, for example, a known phase difference detection method.

  The image sensor 101 is held so as to be movable two-dimensionally on a plane orthogonal to the optical axis L by the shake correction unit 200A. In addition, a low-pass filter 108 for preventing the incidence of infrared rays (for IR cut) and for preventing the generation of pseudo color and color moire is disposed immediately before the optical axis direction of the image sensor 101. A shutter unit 40 is disposed immediately before the low-pass filter 108. The shutter unit 40 is a mechanical focal plane shutter that includes a curtain body that moves in the vertical direction, and that performs an optical path opening operation and an optical path blocking operation of subject light guided to the image sensor 101 along the optical axis L.

  A frame body 120 (shaded portion) of the mirror box MB is disposed at a substantially central portion of the camera main body portion 10A at the rear portion of the mount portion 301. The frame body 120 is a square cylinder body having a substantially square shape in front view in which front and rear surface portions and an upper surface portion facing the pentaprism 105 (focal plate 104) are opened, and is a metal rigid body having strength against distortion and the like. It is. A cylindrical mount receiving portion 121 is formed on the front surface of the frame body 120 in accordance with the shape of the mount portion 301, and a plurality of pieces are mounted from the front side in a state where the mount portion 301 is fitted to the mount receiving portion 121. Screwed with a screw 122. The frame body 120 has a mirror portion 103 disposed therein, and also serves as a holding member for the mirror portion 103. The shutter unit 40 is supported by the frame body 120 in such a manner that the shutter unit 40 is sandwiched between the rear end portion of the frame body 120 and the shutter pressing plate 109 disposed on the rear side thereof.

  The above-described parts of the camera body 10A are connected to each other by a chassis made of a metal material such as iron. In the present embodiment, an example in which the chassis is configured by a front chassis (not shown), a side chassis 183, and a bottom chassis 184 is shown. These chassis serve as support members for supporting the components in the camera body 10A described above. The chassis are fixed with screws, and the connecting structure of the chassis and the frame 120 are fixed with screws, so that these members are integrated into a single structure.

<About shake correction unit 200A>
Next, the configuration of the shake correction unit 200A will be described in detail with reference to FIG. The shake correction unit 200A is disposed on the rear surface of the image sensor 101, the low-pass filter 108, the image sensor holder 201 that holds the low-pass filter 108 together with the image sensor 101, the slider 202 that holds the image sensor holder 201, and the image sensor 101. The heat radiating plate 203 is provided. Further, the shake correction unit 200A includes an image sensor substrate 204, a yaw direction actuator 205, a pitch direction actuator (not shown), and a shake base plate 207 disposed on the rear surface of the heat sink 203. Yes.

  The image sensor substrate 204 is a substantially rectangular substrate on which the image sensor 101 is mounted. However, the mounting is performed in a state where the heat radiating plate 203 is interposed between the image sensor 101 and the image sensor substrate 204. The heat radiating plate 203 is a plate-like body made of a predetermined metal material, and is for releasing heat generated by driving (photoelectric conversion) of the image sensor 101. The image sensor holder 201 is a frame having a substantially rectangular cross section and is open at the front and rear. A low pass filter 108 is attached to the front of the frame, and the image sensor 101 is disposed at the rear of the low pass filter 108. ing. The image pickup device 101 is attached to the image pickup device holder 201 by being screwed to the image pickup device holder 201 while being pressed against the image pickup device holder 201 together with the heat sink 203 by the image pickup device substrate 204.

  The shake base plate 207 forms a so-called base in the shake correction unit 200A for holding the slider 202 in a state where the image sensor holder 201 is held.

  Then, the slider 202 and the image sensor holder 201 slide integrally with respect to the shake base plate 207 in the left-right direction in accordance with the drive of the yaw direction actuator 205 provided at one end side in the vertical direction of the image sensor holder 201. The movement of the image sensor 101 in the yaw direction is corrected by the movement. Further, the image pickup device holder 201 slides up and down with respect to the slider 202 in accordance with the driving of a pitch direction actuator (not shown) provided at one end side in the left-right direction of the image pickup device holder 201. The shake in the pitch direction of 101 is corrected.

  Further, in the imaging apparatus 1A, as described above, along a predetermined plane that crosses the optical axis L (FIG. 4) of the interchangeable lens 2 mounted on the mount unit 301, specifically, along a plane perpendicular to the optical axis L. By moving the image pickup device 101 using the shake correction unit 200A that can move the image pickup device 101, it is possible to change the shooting angle of view related to the image pickup apparatus 1A (detailed later).

<Electrical Configuration of Imaging Device 1A>
FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an electrical configuration of the entire imaging apparatus 1A. Here, the same members and the like as those in FIGS. 1 to 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals. For convenience of explanation, the electrical configuration of the interchangeable lens 2 will be described first. The interchangeable lens 2 includes a lens driving mechanism 24, a lens position detection unit 25, a lens control unit 26, and a diaphragm driving mechanism 27 in addition to the lens group 21 and the lens barrel 22 that constitute the above-described photographing optical system. Yes.

  The lens group 21 includes a focus lens 211 and a zoom lens 212, and a diaphragm 23 for adjusting the amount of light incident on the image sensor 101 provided in the camera body 10 </ b> A in the lens barrel 22 in the optical axis L direction. It is held and takes an optical image of the subject and forms it on the image sensor 101 or the like. The photographing magnification (focal length) is changed and the focus adjustment operation is performed by driving the lens group 21 in the optical axis L direction (FIG. 4) by the AF actuator 71M in the camera body 10A.

  The lens driving mechanism 24 includes, for example, a helicoid and a gear (not shown) that rotates the helicoid. The lens driving mechanism 24 receives a driving force from the AF actuator 71M via the coupler 74, and the lens group 21 is integrated with the optical axis L. It is moved in a parallel direction. The moving direction and the moving amount of the lens group 21 are in accordance with the rotating direction and the rotating speed of the AF actuator 71M, respectively.

  The lens position detection unit 25 is integrated with the lens barrel 22 while being in sliding contact with the encode plate in which a plurality of code patterns are formed at a predetermined pitch in the optical axis L direction within the movement range of the lens group 21. And a moving encoder brush for detecting the amount of movement of the lens group 21 during focus adjustment.

  The lens control unit 26 includes a microcomputer in which a memory unit 261 including a ROM that stores a control program, a flash memory that stores data related to state information, and the like is incorporated. In addition, the lens control unit 26 includes a communication unit 262 that performs communication with the main control unit 62A of the camera body 10A. The communication unit 262 displays lens information related to the type (described later) of the interchangeable lens 2 and state information such as the focal length, exit pupil position, aperture value, focusing distance, and peripheral light amount state of the lens group 21. For example, the driving amount data of the focus lens 211 is received from the main control unit 62A. At the time of shooting, data such as focal length information and aperture value after completion of the AF operation are transmitted from the communication unit 262 to the main control unit 62A. The memory unit 261 stores the lens information, the state information data of the lens group 21, the driving amount data of the focus lens 211 transmitted from the main control unit 62A, and the like.

  The aperture drive mechanism 27 receives the driving force from the aperture drive actuator 74M via the coupler 75 and changes the aperture diameter of the aperture 23.

  Next, the electrical configuration of the camera body 10A will be described. The camera main body 10A includes an AFE (analog front end) 5, an image processing unit 61, an image memory 614, in addition to the image sensor 101 described above and the shake correction unit 200A that performs shake correction driving, the shutter unit 40, and the like. And a main control unit 62A. The camera body 10A includes a flash circuit 63, an operation unit 64, a VRAM 65, a card I / F 66, a memory card 67, a communication I / F 68, a power supply circuit 69, and a battery 69B. Further, the camera body 10A includes a focus drive controller 71A and an AF actuator 71M, a mirror drive controller 72A and a mirror drive actuator 72M, a shutter drive controller 73A and a shutter drive actuator 73M, an aperture drive controller 74A and an aperture drive actuator 74M. , And a position detection sensor unit (PS) 208.

  The image sensor 101 is composed of a CMOS color area sensor as described above, and the timing control circuit 51 described below starts (and ends) the exposure operation of the image sensor 101 and selects the output of each pixel included in the image sensor 101. The imaging operation such as readout of the pixel signal is controlled.

  The AFE 5 gives a timing pulse for causing the image sensor 101 to perform a predetermined operation, and performs predetermined signal processing on an image signal (analog signal group received by each pixel of the CMOS area sensor) output from the image sensor 101. Is converted into a digital signal and output to the image processing unit 61. The AFE 5 includes a timing control circuit 51, a signal processing unit 52, an A / D conversion unit 53, and the like.

  The timing control circuit 51 generates a predetermined timing pulse (a pulse for generating a vertical scanning pulse φVn, a horizontal scanning pulse φVm, a reset signal φVr, and the like) based on the reference clock output from the main control unit 62A, and the imaging device 101. And the imaging operation of the image sensor 101 is controlled. In addition, the operation of the signal processing unit 52 and the A / D conversion unit 53 is controlled by outputting predetermined timing pulses to the signal processing unit 52 and the A / D conversion unit 53, respectively.

  The signal processing unit 52 performs predetermined analog signal processing on the analog image signal output from the image sensor 101. The signal processing unit 52 includes a CDS (correlated double sampling) circuit, an AGC (auto gain control) circuit, a clamp circuit, and the like. The A / D converter 53 converts the analog R, G, B image signal output from the signal processor 52 into a plurality of bits (for example, 12 bits) based on the timing pulse output from the timing control circuit 51. ) Is converted into a digital image signal.

  The image processing unit 61 performs predetermined signal processing on the image data output from the AFE 5 to create an image file, and includes a black level correction circuit 611, a white balance control circuit 612, a gamma correction circuit 613, and the like. Has been. The image data captured by the image processing unit 61 is temporarily written in the image memory 614 in synchronization with the reading of the image sensor 101. Thereafter, the image data written in the image memory 614 is accessed to access the image processing unit. Processing is performed in each of the 61 blocks.

  The black level correction circuit 611 corrects the black level of each of the R, G, and B digital image signals A / D converted by the A / D conversion unit 53 to a reference black level.

  The white balance correction circuit 612 performs level conversion (white balance (WB) adjustment) of a digital signal of each color component of R (red), G (green), and B (blue) based on a white reference corresponding to the light source. Is what you do. In other words, the white balance control circuit 612 identifies a portion that is originally estimated to be white from luminance, saturation data, and the like in the photographic subject based on the WB adjustment data provided from the main control unit 62A, and R, For each of G and B, the average of the color components, the G / R ratio and the G / B ratio are obtained, and the levels are corrected as R and B correction gains.

  The gamma correction circuit 613 corrects the gradation characteristics of the image data subjected to WB adjustment. Specifically, the gamma correction circuit 613 performs non-linear conversion and offset adjustment of the image data level using a gamma correction table set in advance for each color component.

  The image memory 614 temporarily stores the image data output from the image processing unit 61 in the photographing mode, and is also used as a work area for performing predetermined processing on the image data by the main control unit 62A. It is. In the playback mode, the image data read from the memory card 67 is temporarily stored.

  The main control unit 62A is composed of a microcomputer incorporating a storage unit such as a ROM for storing a control program or a flash memory for temporarily storing data, and controls the operation of each unit in the imaging apparatus 1A. . The main control unit 62A functionally includes an AF / AE control unit 621, a shake correction control unit 622, and a photographing field angle control unit 623A.

  The AE / AF control unit 621 performs operation control necessary for automatic focus control (AF) and automatic exposure control (AE). That is, for AF, focus adjustment processing by a phase difference detection method is performed using the output signal of the focus detection unit (phase difference AF module) 107 described above to generate a focus control signal (AF control signal), and focus The AF actuator 71M is operated via the drive control unit 71A, and the focus lens 211 is driven. In addition, for AE, a calculation for obtaining an appropriate exposure amount (including shutter speed and the like) on the subject is performed based on luminance information of the subject detected by an AE sensor (not shown).

  When the shake correction mode is executed, the shake correction control unit 622 calculates the shake direction and the shake amount based on the shake detection signal from the shake detection sensor 171 described above, and the shake correction control unit 622 calculates the shake based on the calculated direction and shake amount. A correction control signal is generated and output to the shake correction unit 200A, and the image sensor 101 is driven to shift in a direction in which camera shake is canceled. For example, in the case of performing servo control, the shake correction control unit 622 integrates the angular velocity signal detected by the shake detection sensor 171 to obtain the shake amount (shake angle θ) in each direction, and the interchangeable lens 2. The moving distance δ1 (δ1 = f · tan θ) of the image sensor 101 corresponding to the deflection angle θ is calculated according to the lens profile such as the focal length f. Then, the position information δ2 of the image sensor 101 is acquired from the position detection sensor unit 208, and a drive signal for driving the image sensor 101 so that δ1−δ2 = 0 is generated and given to the shake correction unit 200A.

  The shooting angle-of-view control unit 623A uses the shake correction unit 200A to perform control to change the shooting angle of view, that is, the range (shooting range) of an object received by the imaging surface 101f (see FIG. 6) of the imaging device 101. (Details later). The photographing angle-of-view control unit 623A is realized by software, for example, by executing a view angle change control program stored in the ROM by the microcomputer of the main control unit 62A. Note that by installing a control program for changing the angle of view recorded in the memory card 67 in the ROM of the main control unit 62A, the program can be reflected in the operation of the imaging apparatus 1A.

  The flash circuit 63 controls the light emission amount of the external flash connected to the flash unit 318 or the connection terminal unit 319 to the light emission amount set by the main control unit 62A in the flash photographing mode.

  The operation unit 64 includes the lens exchange button 302, the mode setting dial 305, the control value setting dial 306, the shutter button 307, the setting button group 312, the camera shake correction switch 313, the cross key 314, the push button 315, the main switch 317, and the like. Including operation information for input to the main control unit 62A.

  The VRAM 65 has an image signal storage capacity corresponding to the number of pixels of the LCD 311 and is a buffer memory between the main control unit 62A and the LCD 311. The card I / F 66 is an interface for enabling transmission / reception of signals between the memory card 67 and the main control unit 62A. The memory card 67 is a recording medium that stores image data generated by the main control unit 62A. The communication I / F 68 is an interface for enabling transmission of image data and the like to a personal computer and other external devices.

  The power supply circuit 69 includes a constant voltage circuit, for example, and generates a voltage for driving the entire imaging apparatus 1A, such as a control unit such as the main control unit 62A, the imaging element 101, and other various driving units. Note that energization control to the image sensor 101 is performed by a control signal supplied to the power supply circuit 69 from the main control unit 62A. The battery 69B includes a primary battery such as an alkaline battery or a secondary battery such as a nickel hydride rechargeable battery, and is a power source that supplies power to the entire imaging apparatus 1A.

  The focus drive control unit 71A generates a drive control signal for the AF actuator 71M necessary for moving the focus lens 211 to the in-focus position based on the AF control signal given from the AF / AE control unit 621 of the main control unit 62A. Is to be generated. The AF actuator 71M is composed of a stepping motor or the like, and applies a lens driving force to the lens driving mechanism 24 of the interchangeable lens 2 via the coupler 74.

  The mirror drive control unit 72A generates a drive signal for driving the mirror drive actuator 72M in accordance with the timing of the photographing operation. The mirror drive actuator 72M is an actuator that rotates the mirror unit 103 (quick return mirror) to a horizontal posture or an inclined posture.

  The shutter drive control unit 73A generates a drive control signal for the shutter drive actuator 73M based on the control signal given from the main control unit 62A. The shutter drive actuator 73M is an actuator that performs opening / closing drive of the shutter unit 40.

  The aperture drive control unit 74A generates a drive control signal for the aperture drive actuator 74M based on the control signal given from the main control unit 62A. The aperture drive actuator 74M applies a driving force to the aperture drive mechanism 27 via the coupler 75.

  The position detection sensor unit 208 detects the position of the image sensor 101 during shake correction driving or when the camera is activated. The position detection sensor unit 208 includes a magnet unit that generates a magnetic force line, and a two-dimensional Hall sensor that outputs a signal corresponding to the strength of the magnetic field line output from the magnet unit. With such a configuration, the position detection sensor unit 208 uses the two-dimensional Hall sensor to detect the position of the magnet unit that moves as the imaging element holder 201 moves up, down, left, and right with respect to the shake base plate 207. The position of the element 101 can be detected.

<About shooting angle control>
In the imaging apparatus 1A of the present embodiment, based on a user operation on the cross key 314, the position detection of the imaging element 101 using the position detection sensor unit 208 and the drive control of the imaging element 101 using the shake correction unit 200A are captured. By performing this in the angle control unit 623A, the shooting angle of view can be changed to up, down, left, and right. This will be described in detail below.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining shooting angle-of-view control in the imaging apparatus 1A.

  FIG. 6 shows a state in which the imaging surface 101f of the imaging device 101 is arranged at the center position (neutral position) Po of the shake correction unit 200A so that the center thereof coincides with the optical axis L. Two-dimensional movement of the imaging surface 101f is possible within a range included in the drive limit range Es of the shake correction unit 200A centering on Po. Here, the drive limit range Es is a range defined by each stopper provided in the shake correction unit 200A as a member for limiting the drive of the image sensor 101, for example.

  However, when camera shake correction is performed at the time of shooting, the imaging surface 101f is moved within a range included in the camera shake correction range Et set as an area smaller than the drive limit range Es. This camera shake correction range Et is defined as a rectangular area included in the image circle Ja of the APS compatible lens so that vignetting does not occur even when the APS compatible lens is attached to the camera body 10A. Each vertex of the range Et is arranged in the vicinity of the image circle Ja. In addition, the camera shake correction range Et is defined as an area having a margin close to the optical axis L with respect to the drive limit range Es in order to ensure responsiveness at the time of camera shake correction.

  On the other hand, the imaging apparatus 1A includes the camera body 10A having the APS-C size imaging element 101 as described above, and the mount 301 of the camera body 10A has an APS-C as the interchangeable lens 2. It is possible to attach an interchangeable lens (hereinafter also referred to as an “APS-compatible lens”) designed for a camera body incorporating an image sensor 101 having a size. Further, the mount 301 of the camera body 10A has an interchangeable lens (hereinafter referred to as a “full-size compatible lens”) designed for an image sensor having a full size, specifically, an imaging surface size of 36 × 24 mm. Can also be attached. That is, a plurality of types of interchangeable lenses, which are interchangeable lenses designed for each imaging element having a different size of the imaging surface 101f, can be mounted on the mount 301.

  As described above, the two types of interchangeable lenses 2 of the APS compatible lens and the full size compatible lens can be freely attached to and detached from the camera body 10A, but when each interchangeable lens is mounted on the mount 301, The size of the image circle on the imaging surface will be different. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the image circle Jb of the full-size compatible lens is formed so as to include the image circle Ja of the APS-compatible lens. Here, the image circles Ja and Jb are defined as concentric circles centered on the optical axis L (FIG. 4).

  In this way, in the imaging apparatus 1A in which two types of interchangeable lenses 2 can be attached, the changeable range of the shooting field angle that is limited according to each interchangeable lens, that is, the moving range of the imaging surface 101f is the shooting field angle control unit. It is set at 623A.

  Specifically, when an APS compatible lens is attached to the camera body 10A, the camera shake correction range Et that falls within the image circle Ja of the APS compatible lens is set as the moving range of the imaging surface 101f as shown in FIG. To do. Thus, the shooting angle of view can be changed within a range where no vignetting occurs in the shot image.

  When a full-size compatible lens is attached to the camera body 10A, the drive limit range Es of the shake correction unit 200A that falls within the image circle Jb of the full-size compatible lens as shown in FIG. Set the movement range. As a result, it is possible to change the shooting angle of view within a range where vignetting does not occur while maximizing the performance of the shake correction unit 200A.

  A specific operation of the image pickup apparatus 1A that performs the above-described shooting angle of view control will be described below.

<Operation of Imaging Device 1A>
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the basic operation of the imaging apparatus 1A. This operation shows, for example, an operation for changing the shooting angle of view when the imaging apparatus 1A is fixed with a tripod or the like and live view display is performed on the LCD 311 in the shooting mode, and is executed by the shooting angle of view control unit 623A of the main control unit 62A. Is done. In the imaging apparatus 1A, it is preferable to perform the shooting angle of view change operation in a state where the camera shake correction mode is not set, specifically, in a state where the camera shake correction switch 313 is set to OFF. This is because it is necessary to drive the shake correction unit 200A in both of the camera shake correction operation and the shooting angle of view change operation, and appropriate control may not be performed due to conflicting drive control operations.

  In step ST1, it is determined whether an APS-compatible lens is attached to the camera body 10A as the interchangeable lens 2. Specifically, based on the information (lens information) of the type of the interchangeable lens 2 transmitted from the lens control unit 26 to the main control unit 62A, it is determined whether the lens is an APS compatible lens. In other words, the shooting angle-of-view control unit 623A of the main control unit 62A acquires lens information stored in the memory unit 261 of the interchangeable lens 2 and automatically detects the type of the interchangeable lens 2 attached to the mount unit 301. . If an APS compatible lens is attached, the process proceeds to step ST2, and if a full size compatible lens is attached instead of an APS compatible lens, the process proceeds to step ST3.

  In step ST2, the moving range of the imaging surface 101f when changing the shooting angle of view is set in the camera shake correction range Et shown in FIG.

  In step ST3, the moving range of the imaging surface 101f when changing the shooting angle of view is set in the drive limit range Es of the shake correction unit 200A shown in FIG.

  In step ST4, it is determined whether the shooting angle of view has been changed. Specifically, it is determined whether or not the cross key 314 has been operated by the user. If the shooting angle of view has been changed, the process proceeds to step ST5. If the shooting angle of view has not been changed, the process exits this flowchart.

  In step ST5, using the shake correction unit 200A, the imaging surface 101f is moved within the movement range set in step ST2 or step ST3. In this case, if live view display is being performed, the subject within the shooting angle of view is displayed on the LCD 311, so that the user can check the changed shooting angle of view.

  In the operation of the image pickup apparatus 1A as described above, the control for limiting the moving range of the image pickup element 101 (the image pickup surface 101f) according to the type of the interchangeable lens 2 attached to the mount unit 301 is performed. Therefore, even when different types of interchangeable lenses are attached, appropriate change control of the shooting angle of view can be easily performed.

<Second Embodiment>
The imaging apparatus 1B according to the second embodiment of the present invention has a configuration similar to that of the imaging apparatus 1A according to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, but includes a shake correction unit and a main control unit. The configuration is different.

  That is, in the shake correction unit 200B of the imaging device 1B, a drive limit range Ev that is expanded from the drive limit range Es (FIG. 6) of the first embodiment is set as shown in FIG. The drive limit range Ev is defined as a rectangular region included in the image circle Jb of the full size lens so that no vignetting occurs in the captured image even when the full size lens is attached to the camera body 10B. Each vertex of the drive limit range Ev is arranged in the vicinity of the image circle Jb.

  The main control unit 62B of the imaging apparatus 1B stores an angle-of-view change control program for executing the shooting angle-of-view control described below. The shooting angle-of-view control unit 623B (FIG. 5) of the second embodiment is realized by software.

<About shooting angle control>
In the imaging apparatus 1B, as in the first embodiment, two types of interchangeable lenses 2 of an APS compatible lens and a full size compatible lens are detachable. Then, a changeable range of the shooting angle of view limited according to each interchangeable lens, that is, a moving range of the imaging surface 101f is set by the shooting angle of view control unit 623B.

  Specifically, when an APS-compatible lens is attached to the camera body 10B, a rectangular range substantially included in the image circle Ja of the APS-compatible lens as shown in FIG. A range (a limited range) Ew in which the corner part protrudes somewhat is set as a moving range of the imaging surface 101f. Accordingly, it is possible to change the shooting angle of view in consideration of the performance of the shake correction unit 200B whose drive range is expanded from the shake correction unit 200A of the first embodiment.

  On the other hand, when a full-size compatible lens is attached to the camera body 10B, the drive limit range Ev of the shake correction unit 200B is set as the movement range of the imaging surface 101f as shown in FIG. As a result, it is possible to change the shooting angle of view within a range where vignetting does not occur while maximizing the performance of the shake correction unit 200B.

  A specific operation of the image pickup apparatus 1B that performs the above-described shooting angle of view control will be described below.

<Operation of Imaging Device 1B>
FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the basic operation of the imaging apparatus 1B. This operation shows, for example, an operation for changing the shooting angle of view when the imaging apparatus 1A is fixed with a tripod or the like and live view display is performed on the LCD 311 in the shooting mode, and is executed by the shooting angle of view control unit 623B of the main control unit 62B. Is done.

  In step ST11, similarly to step ST1 shown in the flowchart of FIG. 7, it is determined whether an APS-compatible lens is attached to the camera body 10B as the interchangeable lens 2. If an APS compatible lens is attached, the process proceeds to step ST12. If a full size compatible lens is attached instead of an APS compatible lens, the process proceeds to step ST13.

  In step ST12, as shown in FIG. 8, the moving range of the imaging surface 101f at the time of changing the shooting angle of view is set to the limiting range Ew that is substantially accommodated in the image circle Ja of the APS-compatible lens.

  In step ST13, the moving range of the imaging surface 101f when changing the shooting angle of view is set in the drive limit range Ev of the shake correction unit 200B shown in FIG.

  In steps ST14 and ST15, operations similar to those in steps ST4 and ST5 shown in the flowchart of FIG. 7 are performed.

  In the operation of the image pickup apparatus 1B as described above, the movement range of the image pickup element 101 (the image pickup surface 101f) is limited according to the type of the interchangeable lens 2 attached to the mount unit 301, as in the first embodiment. Therefore, even when different types of interchangeable lenses are mounted, appropriate change control of the shooting angle of view can be easily performed.

<Modification>
In each of the above embodiments, it is not essential to automatically detect the type of the interchangeable lens attached to the camera body based on the lens information from the lens control unit 26, and the interchangeable lens input by the user You may make it detect based on the kind of. For example, on the input screen displayed on the LCD 311, the type of the interchangeable lens may be detected by allowing the user to input the type of the interchangeable lens attached to the camera body.

1 is a perspective view showing an external configuration of an imaging apparatus 1A according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is the front view and back view of 10 A of camera main-body parts. It is the front view and back view of 10 A of camera main-body parts. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of 1 A of imaging devices. It is a block diagram which shows the electrical structure of the imaging device 1A whole. It is a figure for demonstrating the imaging | photography angle-of-view control in the imaging device 1A. It is a flowchart which shows the basic operation | movement of 1 A of imaging devices. It is a figure for demonstrating imaging | photography angle-of-view control in the imaging device 1B which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the basic operation | movement of the imaging device 1B.

Explanation of symbols

1A, 1B Imaging device 2 Interchangeable lens 10A, 10B Camera body 26 Lens controller 62A, 62B Main controller 101 Imaging element 101f Imaging surface 171 Shake detection sensor 200A, 200B Shake correction unit 301 Mount unit 311 LCD
313 Camera shake correction switch 314 Cross key 623A, 623B Shooting field angle control unit Es Camera shake correction range Et, Ev Drive limit range Ew Limit range Ja Image circle Jb of APS compatible lens Image circle L of full size compatible lens Optical axis

Claims (4)

An interchangeable lens,
A body part capable of attaching and detaching the interchangeable lens;
With
The main body is
A mount part capable of mounting a plurality of types of interchangeable lenses as the interchangeable lens;
An imaging device comprising an imaging surface and capable of receiving a subject light image that has passed through an interchangeable lens mounted on the mount;
Moving means for moving the image sensor along a predetermined plane crossing the optical axis of the interchangeable lens mounted on the mount;
An angle-of-view changing means for changing an imaging angle of view by moving the image sensor by the moving means;
Have
Each of the plurality of types of interchangeable lenses is an interchangeable lens designed for each imaging element having a different size of the imaging surface,
The angle of view changing means includes
Control means for limiting a moving range of the image sensor by the moving means according to the type of the interchangeable lens mounted on the mount unit;
An imaging apparatus having The interchangeable lens is
Storage means for storing lens information relating to the type of the interchangeable lens;
And having
The control means includes
Means for acquiring lens information stored in the storage means and detecting the type of the interchangeable lens mounted on the mount;
The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, comprising: Acquiring a subject image by an imaging element that receives a subject light image that has passed through an interchangeable lens mounted on a mount portion of an imaging device capable of mounting a plurality of types of interchangeable lenses; and
An angle-of-view changing step of changing an imaging angle of view by a moving unit that moves the image sensor along a predetermined plane that crosses the optical axis of the interchangeable lens mounted on the mount;
With
Each of the plurality of types of interchangeable lenses is an interchangeable lens designed for each image sensor having a different size of the imaging surface of the image sensor,
In the angle-of-view changing step, the angle-of-view changing method of the image pickup apparatus, in which control for restricting a moving range of the image pickup element by the moving unit is performed according to the type of the interchangeable lens mounted on the mount portion. In the computer built into the imaging device,
A step of acquiring a subject image by an image sensor that receives a subject light image that has passed through an interchangeable lens mounted on a mount portion capable of mounting a plurality of types of interchangeable lenses;
An angle-of-view changing step of changing an imaging angle of view by a moving unit that moves the image sensor along a predetermined plane that crosses the optical axis of the interchangeable lens mounted on the mount;
And execute
Each of the plurality of types of interchangeable lenses is an interchangeable lens designed for each image sensor having a different size of the imaging surface of the image sensor,
An angle-of-view changing program in which, in the angle-of-view changing step, control is performed to limit a moving range of the image sensor by the moving unit in accordance with the type of the interchangeable lens attached to the mount portion.

Images