JP2010006182A - Brake control device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a brake control technology capable of securing excellent responsiveness in hydraulic control even if an elastic member element is included in a connecting system for connecting a hydraulic circuit and a wheel cylinder. <P>SOLUTION: In a brake control device of a certain mode, a change in hydraulic rigidity in a connecting passage is taken into consideration in the feedback control of wheel cylinder pressure. A brake ECU holds a plurality of control maps constituted so that control gains being setting objects differ from one another, and refers to the corresponding control map according to a flow rate of a working liquid passing through a linear control valve, and sets the control gain of the feedback control. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a brake control for controlling a braking force applied to a vehicle wheel.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known a brake control device that applies a braking force to a vehicle by generating a hydraulic pressure in a hydraulic circuit according to an operating force of a brake pedal and supplying the hydraulic pressure to a wheel cylinder of each wheel through a pipe. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). Between the hydraulic pressure source and the wheel cylinder, there is provided an electromagnetically driven control valve that is opened and closed when supplying and discharging brake fluid as hydraulic fluid.

This brake control device calculates a target wheel cylinder pressure so as to obtain a required braking force according to the operation of the brake pedal, etc., and an energization amount to the control valve so that the detected wheel cylinder pressure approaches the target wheel cylinder pressure The feedback control is adjusted. The control gain of the feedback control is adjusted according to the change in the required braking force.
JP 2007-313979 A

  By the way, in such a brake control device, an actuator block incorporating a control valve and a caliper including a wheel cylinder are connected via a pipe. In order to facilitate routing in the vehicle body, a part of the piping is formed by a flexible hose made of an elastic member such as rubber.

  However, such a flexible hose expands and contracts in response to a change in the hydraulic pressure of the brake fluid and changes the volume of the pipe, which may affect the responsiveness of the feedback control described above. In addition to flexible hoses, there are also elastic member elements such as a seal member provided on a piston that slides in a wheel cylinder, and the responsiveness of fluid pressure control may be reduced by elastic deformation of those elements. .

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a brake control technique capable of ensuring good responsiveness in hydraulic control even when an elastic member element is included in a connection system connecting the hydraulic circuit and the wheel cylinder. To do.

  In order to solve the above problems, a brake control device according to an aspect of the present invention supplies a hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pressure source to a wheel cylinder of each wheel, and applies a braking force to each wheel by the hydraulic pressure. , A hydraulic circuit in which a hydraulic pressure passage is formed to communicate the hydraulic pressure source and each wheel cylinder, and the hydraulic circuit is arranged in the hydraulic circuit, and is opened and closed by energization control to adjust the supply and discharge amount of hydraulic fluid to the wheel cylinder A control valve, a partly elastic member element, a connection passage that connects the hydraulic passage where the control valve is opened and closed and the wheel cylinder, and a wheel so as to generate a hydraulic braking force according to the required braking force A control unit that sets a target wheel cylinder pressure, which is a target value of the cylinder pressure, and executes energization control to the control valve so that the wheel cylinder pressure approaches the target wheel cylinder pressure. The control unit sets a control gain for energization control according to the flow rate of the hydraulic fluid that causes elastic deformation of the elastic member element.

  The "required braking force" mentioned here includes the required braking force based on the operation of the brake operation member by the driver, the hydraulic pressure required braking force in consideration of the regenerative braking force, and other slips associated with vehicle travel control. The required braking force accompanying execution of various applications such as control can be included. As for "control of wheel cylinder pressure", the wheel cylinder pressure itself may be directly controlled, or as a result, the fluid pressure that can be regarded as substantially equivalent to the wheel cylinder pressure, such as the upstream pressure, is controlled. A wheel cylinder pressure may be controlled. The control valve may allow or block the supply of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic pressure source to the wheel cylinder to control the supply amount, or allow or block the discharge of hydraulic fluid from the wheel cylinder and discharge the hydraulic fluid. It may be one that controls. Alternatively, both may be controlled. The “flow rate of hydraulic fluid” may be evaluated by evaluating the flow rate (flow rate) of hydraulic fluid introduced into the wheel cylinder itself, or the flow rate (flow rate) of hydraulic fluid derived from the wheel cylinder itself, or equivalent to this. You may evaluate as the flow volume (flow velocity) of the hydraulic fluid which can be considered. For example, it may be evaluated as the flow rate of hydraulic fluid passing through the control valve, or may be evaluated as the flow rate of hydraulic fluid introduced into the connection passage connected to the wheel cylinder or the flow rate of hydraulic fluid derived from the connection passage. . The “control gain” may be a control gain of feedback control performed for energization control of the control valve, or may be a control gain of feedforward control. Alternatively, both control gains may be used.

  According to this aspect, the change in the hydraulic rigidity in the connection passage is taken into consideration when controlling the energization of the wheel cylinder pressure. The inventors have clarified that the flow velocity of the hydraulic fluid supplied to and discharged from the wheel cylinder affects the deformation of the elastic member element of the connection passage, and hence the change in its hydraulic rigidity, and this is the control gain of the energization control. It is one parameter when setting. As a result, an elastic member element is included in the connection system connecting the hydraulic circuit and the wheel cylinder, and even when the elastic member element is deformed during energization control, good responsiveness in the hydraulic pressure control can be ensured.

  The control unit may hold a plurality of control maps configured to have different control gain setting criteria, and set the control gain with reference to the control map provided corresponding to the flow rate of the hydraulic fluid. .

  In other words, the control gain can be set sequentially based on an arithmetic expression using the flow rate of the hydraulic fluid as a variable. However, by preparing a plurality of control maps in advance as in this aspect, the control gain is appropriately selected. The processing load on the control unit can be reduced. A plurality of ranges may be set for the flow rate of the hydraulic fluid, and one of the control maps may be associated with each range.

  Further, a predetermined physical quantity for estimating the flow rate of the hydraulic fluid and a plurality of control maps may be associated in advance. And a control part may set a control gain by acquiring a physical quantity from a vehicle state and referring to a control map using the acquired physical quantity.

  The “physical quantity” referred to here may be, for example, a differential pressure across the control valve, a control current value that realizes the differential pressure across the control valve, a flow rate of hydraulic fluid supplied to the wheel cylinder, or What is necessary is just to be able to calculate or estimate the flow rate of the hydraulic fluid discharged from the wheel cylinder pressure. According to this aspect, the flow rate of the working fluid can also be estimated using the detection value of the physical quantity that is normally used by the control unit for hydraulic pressure control. In this case, the detection means such as a sensor that detects the flow rate of the working fluid itself Need not be provided separately.

  Another aspect of the present invention is also a brake control device. This device supplies hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pressure source to a wheel cylinder of each wheel and applies a braking force to each wheel by the hydraulic pressure. In this brake control device, the hydraulic pressure that causes the hydraulic pressure source to communicate with each wheel cylinder. A hydraulic circuit in which a passage is formed, a control valve that is arranged in the hydraulic circuit, is opened and closed by energization control and adjusts the supply and discharge amount of hydraulic fluid to the wheel cylinder, and partially includes an elastic member element, and is controlled Set a target wheel cylinder pressure, which is a target value of the wheel cylinder pressure, so as to generate a hydraulic pressure braking force corresponding to a required braking force, and a connecting passage that connects the hydraulic pressure passage where the valve is opened and closed and the wheel cylinder, And a control unit that executes energization control to the control valve so that the wheel cylinder pressure approaches the target wheel cylinder pressure. As the elastic member element, an elastic member whose characteristics are selected so that the elastic deformation amount of the elastic member element according to the flow rate of the hydraulic fluid is within a preset reference range in the pressure control region of the wheel cylinder pressure is used.

  According to this aspect, the elastic deformation amount itself of the elastic member element at the time of hydraulic pressure control can be suppressed. For this reason, even if an elastic member element is included in the connection system that connects the hydraulic circuit and the wheel cylinder, good responsiveness in the hydraulic pressure control can be ensured.

  Specifically, the elastic member element may include an elastic member constituting a pipe constituting the connection passage. The characteristics of the elastic member may be selected so that the durability and flexibility of the elastic member and the convergence of the wheel cylinder pressure to the target wheel cylinder pressure satisfy predetermined design criteria.

  That is, as the elastic member is selected, its deformation can be suppressed as the hard material is selected. However, since flexibility is lowered, the arrangement of the connection passage when mounted on the vehicle is restricted, and brittle fracture is easily caused. On the other hand, as the elastic member becomes softer, the amount of deformation with respect to the hydraulic pressure increases, and it becomes difficult to ensure good responsiveness in hydraulic pressure control. In this aspect, the characteristics of the elastic member element itself are designed based on a design standard that takes these advantages and disadvantages into consideration. Thereby, the optimal design which considered the installation space of the vehicle in which the said brake control apparatus is mounted, and its controllability is realizable.

  According to the brake control device of the present invention, even if an elastic member element is included in the connection system that connects the hydraulic circuit and the wheel cylinder, good responsiveness in hydraulic control can be secured.

The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing a brake control device 20 according to the embodiment.
The brake control device 20 constitutes an electronically controlled brake system (ECB) for a vehicle, and controls braking force applied to four wheels provided on the vehicle. The brake control device 20 according to the present embodiment is mounted on, for example, a hybrid vehicle that includes an electric motor and an internal combustion engine as a travel drive source. In such a hybrid vehicle, each of regenerative braking that brakes the vehicle by regenerating kinetic energy of the vehicle into electric energy and hydraulic braking by the brake control device 20 can be used for braking the vehicle. The vehicle in the embodiment can execute the brake regenerative cooperative control that generates a desired braking force by using the regenerative braking and the hydraulic braking together.

  The brake control device 20 includes a disc brake unit 21FR, 21FL, 21RR and 21RL provided for each wheel, a master cylinder unit 10, a power hydraulic pressure source 30, a hydraulic actuator 40, and a fluid connecting them. Pressure circuit.

  Disc brake units 21FR, 21FL, 21RR, and 21RL apply braking force to the right front wheel, the left front wheel, the right rear wheel, and the left rear wheel of the vehicle, respectively. The master cylinder unit 10 as a manual hydraulic pressure source sends the brake fluid pressurized according to the operation amount by the driver of the brake pedal 24 as a brake operation member to the disc brake units 21FR to 21RL. The power hydraulic pressure source 30 can send the brake fluid as the working fluid pressurized by the power supply to the disc brake units 21FR to 21RL independently from the operation of the brake pedal 24 by the driver. is there. The hydraulic actuator 40 appropriately adjusts the hydraulic pressure of the brake fluid supplied from the power hydraulic pressure source 30 or the master cylinder unit 10 and sends it to the disc brake units 21FR to 21RL. Thereby, the braking force with respect to each wheel by hydraulic braking is adjusted.

  Each of the disc brake units 21FR to 21RL, the master cylinder unit 10, the power hydraulic pressure source 30, and the hydraulic actuator 40 will be described in more detail below. Each of the disc brake units 21FR to 21RL includes a brake disc 22 and wheel cylinders 23FR to 23RL incorporated in the caliper, respectively. The wheel cylinders 23FR to 23RL are connected to the hydraulic actuator 40 via different fluid passages. Hereinafter, the wheel cylinders 23FR to 23RL are collectively referred to as “wheel cylinders 23” as appropriate.

  In the disc brake units 21FR to 21RL, when brake fluid is supplied to the wheel cylinder 23 from the hydraulic actuator 40, a brake pad as a friction member is pressed against the brake disc 22 that rotates together with the wheel. Thereby, a braking force is applied to each wheel. In the embodiment, the disc brake units 21FR to 21RL are used, but other braking force application mechanisms including a wheel cylinder 23 such as a drum brake may be used.

  The master cylinder unit 10 is a master cylinder with a hydraulic pressure booster in the embodiment, and includes a hydraulic pressure booster 31, a master cylinder 32, a regulator 33, and a reservoir 34. The hydraulic booster 31 is connected to the brake pedal 24, amplifies the pedal effort applied to the brake pedal 24, and transmits it to the master cylinder 32. When the brake fluid is supplied from the power hydraulic pressure source 30 to the hydraulic pressure booster 31 via the regulator 33, the pedal effort is amplified. The master cylinder 32 generates a master cylinder pressure having a predetermined boost ratio with respect to the pedal effort.

  A reservoir 34 for storing brake fluid is disposed above the master cylinder 32 and the regulator 33. The master cylinder 32 communicates with the reservoir 34 when the depression of the brake pedal 24 is released. On the other hand, the regulator 33 communicates with both the reservoir 34 and the accumulator 35 of the power hydraulic pressure source 30, and uses the reservoir 34 as a low pressure source and the accumulator 35 as a high pressure source to generate a hydraulic pressure substantially equal to the master cylinder pressure. To do. Hereinafter, the hydraulic pressure in the regulator 33 is appropriately referred to as “regulator pressure”.

  The power hydraulic pressure source 30 includes an accumulator 35 and a pump 36. The accumulator 35 converts the pressure energy of the brake fluid boosted by the pump 36 into the pressure energy of an enclosed gas such as nitrogen, for example, about 14 to 22 MPa and stores it. The pump 36 has a motor 36 a as a drive source, and its suction port is connected to the reservoir 34, while its discharge port is connected to the accumulator 35. The accumulator 35 is also connected to a relief valve 35 a provided in the master cylinder unit 10. When the pressure of the brake fluid in the accumulator 35 increases abnormally to about 25 MPa, for example, the relief valve 35 a is opened, and the high-pressure brake fluid is returned to the reservoir 34.

  As described above, the brake control device 20 includes the master cylinder 32, the regulator 33, and the accumulator 35 as a supply source of brake fluid to the wheel cylinder 23. A master pipe 37 is connected to the master cylinder 32, a regulator pipe 38 is connected to the regulator 33, and an accumulator pipe 39 is connected to the accumulator 35. These master pipe 37, regulator pipe 38 and accumulator pipe 39 are each connected to a hydraulic actuator 40.

  The hydraulic actuator 40 includes an actuator block in which a plurality of hydraulic passages are formed, and a plurality of electromagnetic control valves. The fluid pressure passage formed in the actuator block includes individual passages 41, 42, 43 and 44 and a main passage 45. The individual flow paths 41 to 44 are respectively branched from the main flow path 45 and connected to the wheel cylinders 23FR, 23FL, 23RR, 23RL of the corresponding disc brake units 21FR, 21FL, 21RR, 21RL. Thereby, each wheel cylinder 23 can communicate with the main flow path 45.

  In addition, ABS holding valves 51, 52, 53 and 54 are provided in the middle of the individual flow paths 41, 42, 43 and 44. Each of the ABS holding valves 51 to 54 has a solenoid and a spring that are ON / OFF controlled, and both are normally open electromagnetic control valves that are opened when the solenoid is in a non-energized state. Each of the ABS holding valves 51 to 54 in the opened state can distribute the brake fluid in both directions. That is, the brake fluid can flow from the main flow path 45 to the wheel cylinder 23, and conversely, the brake fluid can also flow from the wheel cylinder 23 to the main flow path 45. When the solenoid is energized and the ABS holding valves 51 to 54 are closed, the flow of brake fluid in the individual flow paths 41 to 44 is blocked.

  Further, the wheel cylinder 23 is connected to the reservoir channel 55 via pressure reducing channels 46, 47, 48 and 49 connected to the individual channels 41 to 44, respectively. ABS decompression valves 56, 57, 58 and 59 are provided in the middle of the decompression channels 46, 47, 48 and 49. Each of the ABS pressure reducing valves 56 to 59 has a solenoid and a spring that are ON / OFF controlled, and is a normally closed electromagnetic control valve that is closed when the solenoid is in a non-energized state. When the ABS pressure reducing valves 56 to 59 are closed, the flow of brake fluid in the pressure reducing flow paths 46 to 49 is blocked. When the solenoid is energized and the ABS pressure reducing valves 56 to 59 are opened, the brake fluid is allowed to flow through the pressure reducing flow paths 46 to 49, and the brake fluid flows from the wheel cylinder 23 to the pressure reducing flow paths 46 to 49 and It returns to the reservoir 34 via the reservoir channel 55. The reservoir channel 55 is connected to the reservoir 34 of the master cylinder unit 10 via a reservoir pipe 77.

  The main channel 45 has a separation valve 60 in the middle. By this separation valve 60, the main channel 45 is divided into a first channel 45 a connected to the individual channels 41 and 42 and a second channel 45 b connected to the individual channels 43 and 44. The first flow path 45a is connected to the front wheel side wheel cylinders 23FR and 23FL via the individual flow paths 41 and 42, and the second flow path 45b is connected to the rear wheel side wheel cylinder via the individual flow paths 43 and 44. Connected to 23RR and 23RL.

  The separation valve 60 has a solenoid and a spring that are ON / OFF controlled, and is a normally closed electromagnetic control valve that is closed when the solenoid is in a non-energized state. When the separation valve 60 is in the closed state, the flow of brake fluid in the main flow path 45 is blocked. When the solenoid is energized and the separation valve 60 is opened, the brake fluid can be circulated bidirectionally between the first flow path 45a and the second flow path 45b.

  In the hydraulic actuator 40, a master channel 61 and a regulator channel 62 communicating with the main channel 45 are formed. More specifically, the master channel 61 is connected to the first channel 45 a of the main channel 45, and the regulator channel 62 is connected to the second channel 45 b of the main channel 45. The master channel 61 is connected to a master pipe 37 that communicates with the master cylinder 32. The regulator channel 62 is connected to a regulator pipe 38 that communicates with the regulator 33.

  The master channel 61 has a master cut valve 64 in the middle. The master cut valve 64 has a solenoid that is ON / OFF controlled and a spring, and is a normally open electromagnetic control valve that is opened when the solenoid is in a non-energized state. The master cut valve 64 in the opened state can cause the brake fluid to flow in both directions between the master cylinder 32 and the first flow path 45 a of the main flow path 45. When the solenoid is energized and the master cut valve 64 is closed, the flow of brake fluid in the master channel 61 is blocked.

  A stroke simulator 69 is connected to the master channel 61 via a simulator cut valve 68 on the upstream side of the master cut valve 64. That is, the simulator cut valve 68 is provided in a flow path connecting the master cylinder 32 and the stroke simulator 69. The simulator cut valve 68 is a normally closed electromagnetic control valve that has a solenoid and a spring that are ON / OFF controlled and is closed when the solenoid is in a non-energized state. When the simulator cut valve 68 is closed, the flow of brake fluid between the master flow path 61 and the stroke simulator 69 is blocked. When the solenoid is energized and the simulator cut valve 68 is opened, the brake fluid can be circulated bidirectionally between the master cylinder 32 and the stroke simulator 69.

  The stroke simulator 69 includes a plurality of pistons and springs, and creates a reaction force corresponding to the depression force of the brake pedal 24 by the driver when the simulator cut valve 68 is opened. As the stroke simulator 69, in order to improve the feeling of brake operation by the driver, it is preferable to employ one having a multistage spring characteristic.

  The regulator flow path 62 has a regulator cut valve 65 in the middle. The regulator cut valve 65 also has a solenoid and a spring that are ON / OFF controlled, and is a normally open electromagnetic control valve that is opened when the solenoid is in a non-energized state. The regulator cut valve 65 that has been opened can cause the brake fluid to flow in both directions between the regulator 33 and the second flow path 45 b of the main flow path 45. When the solenoid is energized and the regulator cut valve 65 is closed, the flow of brake fluid in the regulator flow path 62 is blocked.

  In the embodiment, as described above, the master cylinder 32 of the master cylinder unit 10 communicates with the wheel cylinders 23FR and 23FL on the front wheel side by the first system that includes the following elements. The first system includes a master pipe 37, a master channel 61, a master cut valve 64, a first channel 45a of the main channel 45, individual channels 41 and 42, and ABS holding valves 51 and 52. The hydraulic booster 31 and the regulator 33 of the master cylinder unit 10 are communicated with the wheel cylinders 23RR and 23RL on the rear wheel side by a second system that includes the following elements. The second system includes a regulator pipe 38, a regulator channel 62, a regulator cut valve 65, a second channel 45b of the main channel 45, individual channels 43 and 44, and ABS holding valves 53 and 54.

  Therefore, the hydraulic pressure in the master cylinder unit 10 pressurized according to the amount of brake operation by the driver is transmitted to the wheel cylinders 23FR and 23FL on the front wheel side through the first system. The hydraulic pressure in the master cylinder unit 10 is transmitted to the wheel cylinders 23RR and 23RL on the rear wheel side through the second system. Thereby, the braking force according to the amount of brake operation of the driver can be generated in each wheel cylinder 23.

  In the hydraulic actuator 40, an accumulator channel 63 is also formed in addition to the master channel 61 and the regulator channel 62. One end of the accumulator channel 63 is connected to the second channel 45 b of the main channel 45, and the other end is connected to an accumulator pipe 39 that communicates with the accumulator 35.

  The accumulator flow path 63 has a pressure-increasing linear control valve 66 in the middle. Further, the accumulator channel 63 and the second channel 45 b of the main channel 45 are connected to the reservoir channel 55 via the pressure-reducing linear control valve 67. The pressure-increasing linear control valve 66 and the pressure-decreasing linear control valve 67 each have a linear solenoid and a spring, and both are normally closed electromagnetic control valves that are closed when the solenoid is in a non-energized state. In the pressure-increasing linear control valve 66 and the pressure-decreasing linear control valve 67, the opening degree of the valve is adjusted in proportion to the current supplied to each solenoid. In the following description, the pressure-increasing linear control valve 66 and the pressure-decreasing linear control valve 67 are sometimes collectively referred to simply as “linear control valves”.

  The pressure-increasing linear control valve 66 is provided as a common pressure-increasing control valve for each of the wheel cylinders 23 provided corresponding to each wheel. Similarly, the pressure reducing linear control valve 67 is provided as a pressure reducing control valve common to the wheel cylinders 23. In other words, the pressure-increasing linear control valve 66 and the pressure-decreasing linear control valve 67 are provided as a pair of common pressure control valves that control the supply and discharge of the working fluid sent from the power hydraulic pressure source 30 to each wheel cylinder 23. Yes. If the pressure-increasing linear control valve 66 and the like are made common to each wheel cylinder 23 in this way, it is preferable from the viewpoint of cost as compared with the case where a linear control valve is provided for each wheel cylinder 23.

  Here, the differential pressure between the inlet and outlet of the pressure-increasing linear control valve 66 corresponds to the differential pressure between the pressure of the brake fluid in the accumulator 35 and the pressure of the brake fluid in the main flow path 45, and the inlet / outlet of the pressure-reducing linear control valve 67. The pressure difference therebetween corresponds to the pressure difference between the brake fluid pressure in the main flow path 45 and the brake fluid pressure in the reservoir 34. Further, the electromagnetic driving force according to the power supplied to the linear solenoid of the pressure increasing linear control valve 66 and the pressure reducing linear control valve 67 is F1, the spring biasing force is F2, and the pressure increasing linear control valve 66 and the pressure reducing linear control valve are Assuming that the differential pressure acting force according to the differential pressure between the inlet / outlet of 67 is F3, the relationship of F1 + F3 = F2 is established. Therefore, the differential pressure between the inlet and outlet of the pressure-increasing linear control valve 66 and the pressure-reducing linear control valve 67 is controlled by continuously controlling the power supplied to the linear solenoids of the pressure-increasing linear control valve 66 and the pressure-reducing linear control valve 67. can do.

  In the brake control device 20, the power hydraulic pressure source 30 and the hydraulic actuator 40 are controlled by a brake ECU 70 as a control unit in the embodiment. The brake ECU 70 is configured as a microprocessor including a CPU, and includes a ROM that stores various programs, a RAM that temporarily stores data, an input / output port, a communication port, and the like in addition to the CPU. The brake ECU 70 can communicate with a host hybrid ECU (not shown) and the like, and based on control signals from the hybrid ECU and signals from various sensors, the pump 36 of the power hydraulic pressure source 30 and the hydraulic pressure Brake regeneration cooperative control can be executed by controlling the electromagnetic control valves 51 to 54, 56 to 59, 60, and 64 to 68 constituting the actuator 40.

  Further, a regulator pressure sensor 71, an accumulator pressure sensor 72, and a control pressure sensor 73 are connected to the brake ECU 70. The regulator pressure sensor 71 detects the pressure of the brake fluid in the regulator flow path 62 on the upstream side of the regulator cut valve 65, that is, the regulator pressure, and gives a signal indicating the detected value to the brake ECU 70. The accumulator pressure sensor 72 detects the pressure of the brake fluid in the accumulator flow path 63, that is, the accumulator pressure on the upstream side of the pressure increasing linear control valve 66, and gives a signal indicating the detected value to the brake ECU 70. The control pressure sensor 73 detects the pressure of the brake fluid in the first flow path 45a of the main flow path 45, and gives a signal indicating the detected value to the brake ECU 70. The detection values of the pressure sensors 71 to 73 are sequentially given to the brake ECU 70 every predetermined time, and are stored and held in a predetermined storage area of the brake ECU 70 by a predetermined amount. In the embodiment, each of the pressure sensors 71 to 73 has a self-diagnosis function, detects the presence / absence of an abnormality in the sensor for each sensor, and transmits a signal indicating the presence / absence of the abnormality to the brake ECU 70. be able to.

  When the separation valve 60 is opened and the first flow path 45 a and the second flow path 45 b of the main flow path 45 communicate with each other, the output value of the control pressure sensor 73 is the low pressure of the pressure-increasing linear control valve 66. This indicates the hydraulic pressure on the high pressure side of the pressure-reducing linear control valve 67 and the output value can be used to control the pressure-increasing linear control valve 66 and the pressure-reducing linear control valve 67. When the pressure-increasing linear control valve 66 and the pressure-decreasing linear control valve 67 are closed and the master cut valve 64 is opened, the output value of the control pressure sensor 73 indicates the master cylinder pressure. Further, the separation valve 60 is opened so that the first flow path 45a and the second flow path 45b of the main flow path 45 communicate with each other, and the ABS holding valves 51 to 54 are opened, while the ABS pressure reducing valves 56 are opened. When? 59 is closed, the output value of the control pressure sensor 73 indicates the working fluid pressure acting on each wheel cylinder 23, i.e., the wheel cylinder pressure.

  Further, the sensor connected to the brake ECU 70 includes a stroke sensor 25 provided on the brake pedal 24. The stroke sensor 25 detects a pedal stroke as an operation amount of the brake pedal 24 and gives a signal indicating the detected value to the brake ECU 70. The output value of the stroke sensor 25 is also sequentially given to the brake ECU 70 every predetermined time, and is stored and held in a predetermined storage area of the brake ECU 70 by a predetermined amount. A brake operation state detection unit other than the stroke sensor 25 may be provided in addition to the stroke sensor 25 or in place of the stroke sensor 25 and connected to the brake ECU 70. Examples of the brake operation state detection means include a pedal depression force sensor that detects an operation force of the brake pedal 24 and a brake switch that detects that the brake pedal 24 is depressed.

  The brake control device 20 configured as described above can execute brake regeneration cooperative control. The brake control device 20 starts braking in response to a braking request. The braking request is generated when a braking force should be applied to the vehicle. The braking request is, for example, when the driver operates the brake pedal 24, or when the distance from the other vehicle is narrower than a predetermined distance when the distance from the other vehicle is automatically controlled during traveling. It is born.

  In response to the braking request, the brake ECU 70 calculates a required hydraulic braking force that is a braking force to be generated by the brake control device 20 by subtracting the braking force due to regeneration from the required total braking force. Here, the braking force by regeneration is supplied to the brake control device 20 from the hybrid ECU. Then, the brake ECU 70 calculates the target hydraulic pressure (also referred to as “target wheel cylinder pressure”) of each wheel cylinder 23FR to 23RL based on the calculated required hydraulic braking force. The brake ECU 70 determines the value of the supply current to the pressure-increasing linear control valve 66 and the pressure-decreasing linear control valve 67 by a feedback control law so that the wheel cylinder pressure becomes the target wheel cylinder pressure.

  As a result, in the brake control device 20, brake fluid is supplied from the power hydraulic pressure source 30 to each wheel cylinder 23 via the pressure-increasing linear control valve 66, and braking force is applied to the wheels. Further, brake fluid is discharged from each wheel cylinder 23 through the pressure-reducing linear control valve 67 as necessary, and the braking force applied to the wheel is adjusted. At this time, the brake ECU 70 closes the regulator cut valve 65 so that the brake fluid sent from the regulator 33 is not supplied to the main flow path 45. Further, the brake ECU 70 closes the master cut valve 64 and opens the simulator cut valve 68. This is for the purpose of supplying the brake fluid sent from the master cylinder 32 to the stroke simulator 69 in accordance with the operation of the brake pedal 24 by the driver.

  Further, the brake control device 20 executes so-called ABS (Anti-lock Brake System) control, VSC (Vehicle Stability Control) control, and TRC (Traction Control) control for suppressing the slip of each wheel on the road surface. Can do. The ABS control is a control for suppressing tire locking that occurs when braking is applied suddenly or on a slippery road surface. VSC control is control for suppressing the side slip of the wheel at the time of turning of the vehicle. The TRC control is a control for suppressing idling of the drive wheels when the vehicle starts or accelerates. When such ABS control or the like is performed, the brake regeneration cooperative control is not executed, and the required braking force is provided by the hydraulic braking force generated by the brake control device 20. In addition, the control for suppressing the slip of these wheels will be collectively referred to as “ABS control or the like” as appropriate below.

  The brake ECU 70 performs calculations necessary for executing ABS control and the like. The brake ECU 70 opens and closes the ABS holding valves 51 to 54 and the ABS pressure reducing valves 56 to 59 at a predetermined duty ratio calculated by a known method based on the vehicle deceleration, the slip ratio, and the like. By opening the ABS holding valves 51 to 54, the brakes adjusted by the pressure increasing linear control valve 66 and the pressure reducing linear control valve 67, which are common control valves provided upstream of the ABS holding valves 51 to 54, are provided. Fluid is supplied to each wheel cylinder 23. Further, by opening the ABS pressure reducing valves 56 to 59, the brake fluid of each wheel cylinder 23 is discharged to the reservoir 34. As a result, the brake fluid is supplied to and discharged from each wheel cylinder 23, and the braking force applied to each wheel is controlled so that the slippage of the wheel is suppressed.

  Next, the brake control method in the embodiment will be described in detail. In the following description, for convenience of explanation, the volume of the wheel cylinder 23 and the main flow path 45 to be supplied with the hydraulic fluid from the pressure-increasing linear control valve 66, in other words, the working fluid sent from the pressure-increasing linear control valve 66 is The volume that can flow in is called the “oil consumption”. Further, the number of the ABS holding valves 51 to 54 that are opened is referred to as the “number of valve opening” of the ABS holding valves 51 to 54.

  During execution of control for suppressing wheel slip such as ABS control, the amount of oil consumption varies according to the open / closed state of the ABS holding valves 51 to 54. For example, if the number of opening of the ABS holding valves 51 to 54 increases, the amount of oil consumption increases. Conversely, if the number of opening of the ABS holding valves 51 to 54 decreases, the amount of oil consumption decreases. When the ABS control or the like is executed, the hydraulic pressure on the primary side of the ABS holding valves 51 to 54 may also fluctuate due to fluctuations in the oil consumption accompanying the opening and closing of the ABS holding valves 51 to 54. It is desirable that the primary side hydraulic pressure of the ABS holding valves 51 to 54 can be stably maintained. Here, the “primary side hydraulic pressure” is the hydraulic pressure upstream of the ABS holding valves 51 to 54 and downstream of the pressure-increasing linear control valve 66, in other words, the hydraulic pressure in the main flow path 45. In the following description, the hydraulic pressure on the primary side is also referred to as “holding valve upstream pressure”. In the present embodiment, the feedback control of the wheel cylinder pressure based on the oil consumption characteristic is performed in consideration of the hydraulic pressure fluctuation on the primary side in the ABS control or the like. Specifically, the brake ECU 70 increases the control gain of feedback control when the amount of oil consumption increases due to the opening / closing of the ABS holding valves 51 to 54, and decreases the control gain when the amount of oil consumption decreases. As a result, the control current supplied to the pressure-increasing linear control valve 66 is increased / decreased as the oil consumption is increased / decreased by opening / closing the ABS holding valves 51-54.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, in order to suppress a decrease in the response of the hydraulic pressure control due to a change in the amount of oil consumed in the feedback control, the brake ECU 70 uses appropriate oil that takes into account the influence of deformation of the elastic member elements and the like. Refer to quantity characteristics. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram conceptually showing a connection system between the hydraulic actuator and the wheel cylinder in the brake control device.

  In the present embodiment, the hydraulic actuator 40 and the caliper 80 installed on each wheel are connected via a connection system as shown. That is, the individual flow paths 41 to 44 of the hydraulic actuator 40 and the wheel cylinders 23 are connected via pipes including the steel pipe 82 and the flexible hose 84. The flexible hose 84 is made of an elastic member such as rubber. Thus, by providing flexibility to a part of the piping, the piping of the vehicle body can be easily routed. On the other hand, as is well known, a pair of brake pads 86 are arranged on the caliper 80, and the braking force is applied to the wheels by clamping the brake disc 22 by the brake pads 86. The brake fluid supplied through the pipe is filled in the wheel cylinder 23 to generate wheel cylinder pressure, and the pressing force by the wheel cylinder pressure is transmitted to the brake pad 86 through the piston 88. A seal member 90 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the piston 88 to prevent the brake fluid introduced into the wheel cylinder 23 from leaking to the outside. The seal member 90 is made of an elastic member such as an O-ring.

  Thus, in the connection passage connecting the hydraulic actuator 40 and the wheel cylinder 23, there are flexible elastic member elements such as the flexible hose 84 and the seal member 90. Since this elastic member element is deformed according to the hydraulic pressure of the brake fluid and changes the volume of the connection passage, the response of the feedback control described above may be affected. That is, the hydraulic pressure control response may not be sufficiently obtained only by adjusting the control gain based on the depression operation of the brake pedal 24 or the number of opening of the ABS holding valves 51 to 54. In particular, at the initial stage of hydraulic pressure control, a delay in the rise of the wheel cylinder pressure or a vibrational state may occur. The inventors have found that even when the introduction volume of the brake fluid to the connection system is the same, the hydraulic rigidity changes depending on the introduction speed (flow rate) of the brake fluid, and the state of the increase in the hydraulic pressure is different. And it came to the idea that the flow rate (flow velocity) of the brake fluid introduced into the connection system also affects the response and stability of the hydraulic pressure control described above.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing experimental results representing the relationship between the volume of brake fluid introduced into the connection system and the wheel cylinder pressure. In the drawing, the horizontal axis represents the introduction volume, and the vertical axis represents the wheel cylinder pressure (denoted as “W / C pressure”). The solid line in the figure represents the change when the flow rate (velocity) of the brake fluid introduced into the wheel cylinder through the connection system is medium, and the alternate long and short dash line represents the change when the flow rate is higher than that, and the broken line Represents the change when the flow rate is smaller than that.

  According to the figure, it can be seen that even when brake fluid having the same volume is introduced into the same connection system, the state of increase in the wheel cylinder pressure changes depending on the flow rate (flow velocity) of the brake fluid. The rising volume of the pressure surrounded by the dotted line in the figure is different. The higher the flow rate, the faster the pressure rises, and the smaller the flow rate, the slower the pressure rises. This means that the oil consumption characteristic of the brake fluid changes depending on the flow rate of the brake fluid introduced into the connection system.

  In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the change in the oil consumption characteristic due to the flow speed of the brake fluid is caused by the difference between the compression speed of the elastic member element and the introduction flow rate (speed). Optimize the oil quantity model. And the control gain of feedback control is determined based on the oil consumption model. That is, the oil consumption characteristic is changed according to the target hydraulic pressure response (flow rate desired to be introduced). The brake ECU 70 may sequentially calculate the control gain using this oil consumption model, or holds a plurality of control maps in which the oil consumption model and the control gain are associated with each other according to the flow rate of the brake fluid. The control gain may be determined using any control map.

Specifically, an oil consumption model is set using an elastic deformation equation of the brake system, a relational equation of the flow rate of the brake fluid passing through the linear control valve, an equation of motion of the elastic member, and the like.
That is, regarding the elastic deformation of the brake system, when the total volume of the connection system is V and the volume of the brake fluid sent to the connection system is ΔV, the pressure increase ΔP of the wheel cylinder pressure is expressed by the following equation (1). The

ΔP = E · (ΔV / V) (1)
Here, the total volume V is a volume obtained by combining the volume in the pipe including the steel pipe 82 and the flexible hose 84 and the volume on the back side of the piston 88 in which the brake fluid is introduced in the wheel cylinder 23. The volume ΔV is the volume of the brake fluid sent from the linear control valve to the connection system via the holding valve. E is a bulk modulus.

  On the other hand, the flow rate Q of the brake fluid passing through the linear control valve is a function of the differential pressure (pressure difference between upstream and downstream) p of the linear control valve, and is expressed by the following equation (2).

Q = f (p) (2)
A known so-called orifice equation or choke equation is applied to this function f (p), but the details thereof will be omitted.

  At this time, the volume ΔV of the brake fluid delivered by the linear control valve is expressed by the following equation (3).

ΔV = ∫Qdt (3)
Here, the front-rear differential pressure p of the linear control valve of the formula (2) is detected by the accumulator pressure Pac detected by the accumulator pressure sensor 72 and the control pressure sensor 73 as the front-rear differential pressure of the pressure-increasing linear control valve 66. It is calculated as a differential pressure (Pac−Pr) with respect to the pressure of the main flow path 45 (holding valve upstream pressure) Pr. When this differential pressure p is substituted into the above equation (2) and the calculated flow rate Q is substituted into the above equation (3) and integrated at the sampling time, the brake fluid sent to the connection system at that sampling time is integrated. The volume ΔV is calculated. This volume ΔV can be reflected in the above equation (1).

  On the other hand, the following equation (4) is established as an equation of motion of the piston 88.

  Here, F is a pressing force due to the wheel cylinder pressure acting on the piston 88. m is the mass of the piston 88, c is the viscosity coefficient of the brake fluid, and k is the elastic coefficient of the elastic member arranged in the connection system including the flexible hose 84 and the seal member 90. Since the elastic member is not a simple spring, the elastic constant k has a non-linear characteristic, but the details are omitted.

  In the above equation (4), the pressing force F can be calculated from the product (Pwc · A) of the wheel cylinder pressure Pwc and the pressure receiving area A of the piston 88. Therefore, when the displacement amount x of the piston 88 is obtained from the same equation, the volume change Vw of the caliper 80 is calculated from the product (A · x) of the pressure receiving area A of the piston 88 and the displacement amount x. This volume change Vw can be reflected in the total volume V of the above formula (1).

  As described above, the volume ΔV and the total volume V are reflected in the above equation (1), so that the pressure increase ΔP of the wheel cylinder pressure, that is, the target pressure gradient of the holding valve upstream pressure can be set. The control pressure can be set by setting the hydraulic pressure that realizes the target pressure gradient as the target hydraulic pressure. In the present embodiment, a plurality of control maps are prepared in which the relationship between the control gain and the pressure increase ΔP is previously associated with the flow rate (flow velocity) Q of the brake fluid passing through the linear control valve.

  That is, in the present embodiment, considering that the bulk elastic modulus E of the above equation (1) changes according to the flow rate Q of the brake fluid, that is, the bulk elastic modulus E is a variable, this flow rate Q is used as a parameter. Multiple control maps are set. The brake ECU 70 switches the control map according to the change in the flow rate Q, and sets the control gain according to the brake fluid introduction volume ΔV into the connection system. The flow rate Q is calculated from the above equation (2), and the introduction volume ΔV is calculated from the above equation (3).

  As shown in FIG. 3, even if the introduction volume of the brake fluid introduced through the linear control valve is the same, the higher the introduction speed, the faster the hydraulic pressure rises and the wheel cylinder pressure increases. It becomes easy. For this reason, in the present embodiment, even when the same target wheel cylinder pressure is achieved, a control map in which the control gain becomes relatively smaller as the brake fluid introduction speed is higher is selected.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a brake control process. The brake ECU 70 executes the processing shown in the figure at a predetermined cycle, for example, every several milliseconds during braking.
When the brake ECU 70 determines that there is a braking request (Y in S10), the brake ECU 70 calculates a target hydraulic pressure P of the holding valve upstream pressure to be controlled (S12). That is, the target value of each wheel cylinder pressure is calculated based on the required hydraulic braking force obtained by subtracting the regenerative braking force from the required braking force calculated based on the operation amount of the brake pedal 24, and the target value is The target hydraulic pressure P of the holding valve upstream pressure is set.

  Subsequently, the brake ECU 70 calculates a target flow rate Q of the brake fluid to be passed through the pressure-increasing linear control valve 66 from the target hydraulic pressure P (S14). This target flow rate Q obtains the accumulator pressure Pac detected by the accumulator pressure sensor 72 and the actual value (actual fluid pressure) Pr of the holding valve upstream pressure detected by the control pressure sensor 73, and the differential pressure between them is obtained. Can be calculated by substituting into the above equation (2). Then, one corresponding to the target flow rate Q is selected from the plurality of control maps described above (S16), and the control gain is set (S18).

  The brake ECU 70 executes control of the linear control valve using the control gain set in this way (S20). That is, the feedback current is set by integrating this control gain to the deviation between the target hydraulic pressure P and the actual hydraulic pressure Pr, and is supplied to the pressure-increasing linear control valve 66 by being included in the control current. If no braking determination is made in S10 (N in S10), the process after S12 is skipped and the process is temporarily terminated.

  As described above, in the embodiment, it is clarified that the flow rate (flow velocity) of the brake fluid passing through the linear control valve greatly affects the deformation of the elastic member elements such as the flexible hose 84, and the flow rate is fed back. It was made to be one parameter when setting the control gain of control. As a result, even if the hydraulic rigidity of the connection system changes according to the change in the flow rate (flow velocity) of the brake fluid, it is possible to ensure good responsiveness in the hydraulic pressure control.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications such as design changes can be added to the embodiments based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art. The described embodiments can also be included in the scope of the present invention.

  In the above-described embodiment, regardless of the characteristics of the elastic member elements, it is possible to ensure good responsiveness in hydraulic control by switching the control gain of feedback control according to the flow rate of brake fluid. In the modification, the response of the hydraulic pressure control may be ensured regardless of the presence of the elastic member element by appropriately designing the characteristics of the elastic member element itself through experiments and analysis.

  Specifically, for example, an analysis for calculating the process shown in the flowchart of FIG. 4 may be performed. That is, the hydraulic pressure control is simulated using various characteristics such as the size, hardness, flexibility (elastic constant), and shape of the elastic member elements including the flexible hose 84 and the seal member 90 as parameters, and the control selected at that time Various characteristics are changed so that the gain converges to a predetermined range. The shape and the like of the elastic member element are set within the allowable range from the installation space of the brake control device 20 in the vehicle. For example, the flexible hose 84 is set so that piping in the vehicle body can be routed, and deformation corresponding to the flexible hose 84 can be performed even when the steering is turned off. Moreover, it sets so that each elastic member element may not be damaged during vehicle control. Then, each elastic member element may be designed by selecting an elastic member having various characteristics when the control gain converges or characteristics close thereto. Thereby, the optimal design which considered the installation space of the vehicle in which the said brake control apparatus 20 is mounted, and its controllability is realizable.

  In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the flexible hose 84 and the seal member 90 arranged in the connection passage are considered as elastic member elements has been shown. However, if there is another elastic member element in the connection passage, it is also reflected. preferable. Further, if there is an elastic member element that affects the hydraulic rigidity of the wheel cylinder pressure in the hydraulic passage other than the connection system, it is preferable to take this into consideration.

It is a distribution diagram showing a brake control device concerning an embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which represents notionally the connection system of the hydraulic actuator and wheel cylinder in a brake control apparatus. It is a figure which shows the experimental result showing the relationship between the introduction volume of the brake fluid to a connection system, and a wheel cylinder pressure. It is a flowchart which shows a brake control process.

Explanation of symbols

  10 master cylinder unit, 20 brake control device, 22 brake disc, 23 wheel cylinder, 24 brake pedal, 30 power hydraulic pressure source, 40 hydraulic actuator, 45 main flow path, 51-54 ABS holding valve, 56-59 ABS pressure reducing valve , 66 pressure-increasing linear control valve, 67 pressure-reducing linear control valve, 70 brake ECU, 72 accumulator pressure sensor, 73 control pressure sensor, 80 caliper, 82 steel pipe, 84 flexible hose, 86 brake pad, 88 piston, 90 seal member.

Claims (5)

In a brake control device that supplies hydraulic fluid to a wheel cylinder of each wheel from a hydraulic pressure source and applies a braking force to each wheel by the hydraulic pressure,
A hydraulic circuit formed with a hydraulic pressure passage for communicating the hydraulic pressure source and each wheel cylinder;
A control valve that is arranged in the hydraulic circuit and is opened and closed by energization control to adjust the amount of hydraulic fluid supplied to and discharged from the wheel cylinder;
A connecting passage that partially includes an elastic member element and connects the hydraulic cylinder and the wheel cylinder in which the control valve is opened and closed;
A target wheel cylinder pressure, which is a target value of the wheel cylinder pressure, is set so as to generate a hydraulic braking force according to a required braking force, and the control valve is set so that the wheel cylinder pressure approaches the target wheel cylinder pressure. A control unit that performs energization control,
The said control part sets the control gain of the said electricity supply control according to the flow velocity of the hydraulic fluid which becomes a factor of the elastic deformation of the said elastic member element, The brake control apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned.   The control unit holds a plurality of control maps set so that the setting criteria for the control gain are different, and sets the control gain by referring to a control map provided corresponding to the flow rate of the hydraulic fluid The brake control device according to claim 1. A predetermined physical quantity for estimating the flow rate of the hydraulic fluid is associated with the plurality of control maps in advance,
The brake control device according to claim 2, wherein the control unit acquires the physical quantity from a vehicle state, and sets the control gain by referring to the control map using the acquired physical quantity. . In a brake control device that supplies hydraulic fluid to a wheel cylinder of each wheel from a hydraulic pressure source and applies a braking force to each wheel by the hydraulic pressure,
A hydraulic circuit formed with a hydraulic pressure passage for communicating the hydraulic pressure source and each wheel cylinder;
A control valve that is arranged in the hydraulic circuit and is opened and closed by energization control to adjust the amount of hydraulic fluid supplied to and discharged from the wheel cylinder;
A connecting passage that partially includes an elastic member element and connects the hydraulic cylinder and the wheel cylinder in which the control valve is opened and closed;
A target wheel cylinder pressure, which is a target value of the wheel cylinder pressure, is set so as to generate a hydraulic braking force according to a required braking force, and the control valve is set so that the wheel cylinder pressure approaches the target wheel cylinder pressure. A control unit that performs energization control,
As the elastic member element, an elastic member whose characteristics are selected so that the elastic deformation amount of the elastic member element according to the flow rate of the hydraulic fluid within the pressure control range of the wheel cylinder pressure is within a preset reference range is used. A brake control device. As the elastic member element, including an elastic member constituting a pipe constituting the connection passage,
The characteristics of the elastic member are selected so that the durability and flexibility of the elastic member and the convergence of the wheel cylinder pressure to the target wheel cylinder pressure satisfy a predetermined design standard. The brake control device according to claim 4.

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