JP2010001628A - Daylighting surface material for window - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a highly safe daylighting surface material 30 for a window, which enables daylighting and securing of daytime and nighttime privacy, and a display by a projection image, and has improved prevention of cracking and scattering in the event of an earthquake or the like. To do.
A metal thin film layer 32 is formed on one side of a transparent glass substrate 31 to form a half mirror, and a translucent and tough resin imaging sheet 33 in which light diffusion particles are dispersed on the surface of the metal thin film layer 32 is provided. Adhesive lamination. The lighting surface material 30 is applied as a window glass to a window of a building or the like, and can display a projection image cast on the resin imaging sheet 33 from the indoor side IN on the outdoor side OT, and also can be made of a resin imaging sheet. 33 also functions as a blind when the indoor and outdoor brightness is reversed at night.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a daylighting surface material for a window used by being fitted into a window of a wooden house, a reinforced concrete building, or other building having a window.

  Typical functions of windows provided in buildings include lighting, landscape, and ensuring ventilation. Today, however, the frequency of opening windows is reduced due to the development of air conditioning equipment, the concentration of houses, the disappearance of favorable natural scenery, etc., and the purpose of providing windows is solely for the purpose of exterior design of buildings. The focus has shifted to lighting purposes.

  As a lighting surface material for windows, transparent plate glass has been frequently used for many years. The transparency of glass functions favorably for daylighting and landscape purposes, but does not have a line-of-sight blocking function, and therefore functions disadvantageously in terms of maintaining privacy. For this reason, the glass window is usually provided with a curtain or a blind.

    For windows in ordinary houses, there is no particular problem with the combination of transparent glass as a lighting surface material and curtains as a line-of-sight blocking material, but a large-scale modern design with a large window area in the building's outer wall area. In commercial buildings and the like, some problems are caused by the combination of transparent glass and blinds.

    For example, the problem of requiring excessive costs to install the blinds, the problem of deterioration in the appearance value of the entire building by adopting blinds with different designs for each room, solar radiation damage when opening the blinds, This is a problem such as a decrease in heat insulation as a whole building. In addition, the decline in the appearance value of the entire building is rarely caused by residents in each room sticking advertisements to the window glass or installing signboards etc. using the empty space in the dedicated part. Absent. For this reason, the owner of a large-scale commercial building may uniformly ban these advertising acts by entering a contract to maintain the overall image of the building. In addition, there is a concern that the large window area of large-scale commercial buildings may cause secondary disasters due to broken glass windows during an earthquake disaster.

Regarding the above problems in large-scale commercial buildings, it can be said that there has been no proposal that can solve all of these problems at the same time. However, the following techniques are known as conventional techniques for individually dealing with the above problems. In addition, the following literature techniques have been proposed.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-2200 JP-A-2005-250124

  For large-scale commercial buildings with large window areas, there are increasing cases of dealing with exterior maintenance problems, solar radiation damage problems, line-of-sight problems, and deterioration of thermal insulation of the entire building by using half mirrors as window glass. Yes. The half mirror is an extremely thin metal film layer formed on one side of a plate glass, and has a very advantageous feature of being able to achieve both a daylighting function and a line-of-sight blocking function, as well as a function of blocking heat rays and ultraviolet rays. It can be demonstrated. Although it increases costs compared to mere glass, it is possible to omit the blinds, improve the thermal insulation function of the entire building, and greatly contribute to the formation and maintenance of the modern appearance of the entire building. It is something that can be done. However, when the brightness inside and outside the building is reversed due to the relationship between sunset and internal lighting, there is a particular problem that the function of blocking the line of sight from the outdoor side is lost.

  Regarding the demand for advertising activities of residents in large-scale commercial buildings, a technology has been proposed that allows each resident to display an arbitrary advertising image without using a signboard (patent) Reference 1). In this proposal, a blind is composed of a material in which a sheet responsible for the function of a transparent substrate and a sheet responsible for the image light projected from the projector are bonded together, and this blind is used as a substitute for a transmissive screen. . Although there is an advantage that a dedicated screen is not required, it is usually necessary to provide a gap for opening and closing the blind between the window glass surface and the blind. This makes it difficult to form a stable image due to the mutual reflection phenomenon of light rays. In other words, it is a state where an indoor image is viewed through a window, and the image quality is greatly deteriorated depending on indoor lighting. Even if the image state is good, the blind itself cannot be omitted.

  There has also been proposed a transmission screen that can be used directly as a window glass (see Patent Document 2). However, the transmissive screen introduced in this document is a proposal as a screen for a projection TV, and is not intended to be used directly as a window glass. However, since a glass substrate is used as the substrate, there is a possibility that it can be used as a window glass by adopting a glass substrate having a strength required as a window glass. The basic configuration of this technology is a glass substrate bonded with a resin film containing a light diffusing agent, and this resin film has a function of forming image light from a projector. When the transmissive screen according to this technology is used as a window glass, it is possible to display arbitrary image information directly on the window glass using a projector, and when the strength of the resin film is sufficient, It can be expected to exhibit the function of preventing the glass substrate from being broken and scattered during a disaster. However, the appearance of this type of resin film is a milky white, for example, tracing paper-like appearance, and when such a resin film laminated glass is used as a window glass in a modern large-scale commercial building, It is an unavoidable result that the appearance of the entire building is greatly impaired.

  The present invention examines the advantages and disadvantages of the above-described prior art and, as a result of a combination experiment of various materials, is based on an experimental result that it is possible to achieve both a half mirror and a projection image formation that seem to be contradictory at first glance. It has been made.

    That is, the present invention eliminates the disadvantage of the half mirror that loses the privacy function at night without losing the advantages of the half mirror that can produce a high-class feeling in the daytime, and provides a clear projection regardless of the day and night. An object of the present invention is to provide a highly safe daylighting surface material for windows that can be used as a transmission screen for forming an image.

  The present invention adopts the following configuration as means for achieving this object.

  The daylighting surface material for windows according to claim 1 of the present invention has a metal thin film layer formed on one side of a transparent glass substrate or a transparent resin substrate to form a half mirror, and light diffusion particles are provided on the surface of the metal thin film layer. It is characterized in that a dispersed translucent and tough resin imaging sheet is adhered and laminated, and this resin imaging sheet is used as an indoor side.

  The daylighting surface material for windows having the above-described structure is composed of three layers of a transparent glass substrate or resin substrate, a metal thin film layer, and a resin imaging sheet in which light diffusion particles are dispersed. Among these, the transparent glass substrate or resin substrate and the metal thin film layer function as a half mirror in the daytime when the outdoor side is relatively bright. Therefore, the presence of the resin imaging sheet is not visually recognized from the outside, and the unique high-class feeling as a half mirror can be exhibited as it is. On the other hand, at night when the outdoor side is relatively dark, the transparent glass substrate or resin substrate and the metal thin film layer cannot function as a half mirror, but are made of resin laminated and laminated on the inside. Since the imaging sheet blocks the line of sight from outside, the disadvantage of the half mirror that the privacy maintenance function is lost at night can be solved. In other words, the resin-made imaging sheet functions as a blind at night. Here, when the image light is projected from the indoor side to the daylighting surface material of the present invention by the projector, the projected image light is formed by forming a shadow image with the resin imaging sheet regardless of daytime or nighttime. The shadow image can be viewed from the outdoor side through the metal thin film layer and the glass substrate or the resin substrate. In this case, surprisingly, the metal thin film layer hardly deteriorates the image quality observed from the outdoor side. It is estimated that this will function not only in the direction in which the metal thin film layer deteriorates the image quality but also in the direction in which the image quality is improved. In addition, an image projected on a certain range of the daylighting surface material during the daytime when the half mirror functions as a half mirror exhibits a unique visual effect such as a screen fitted in a metal frame. In addition, the resin film stuck and laminated on the half mirror can contribute to prevention of breakage of the glass substrate according to its breaking strength. Further, “transparent” in the transparent glass substrate or resin substrate in the present configuration is intended to include colorless and transparent as well as colored and transparent.

  The daylighting surface material for windows according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that a protective sheet made of a transparent resin sheet material is adhered and laminated on the surface of a resin imaging sheet.

  The above configuration is intended to protect the resin imaging sheet from scratches and dirt by the protection sheet in consideration of the current situation that the resin imaging sheet containing the light diffusing particles is not necessarily excellent in durability. is there.

  The daylighting surface material for windows according to claim 3 of the present invention is characterized in that a polarizing sheet is used as a protective sheet for a resin imaging sheet.

  Projection light from projectors using liquid crystal bulbs, which dominate today, is polarized light. Therefore, by using the polarization axis of the protection sheet and the polarization axis of projection light from the projector in alignment, the resin imaging sheet is used as the protection sheet. In addition to the protective function, it is possible to exert a filter function that prevents disturbance light other than light projected by the projector from being input to the resin imaging sheet.

  The daylighting surface material for a window according to claim 4 of the present invention is characterized by using a non-glare-processed one as a protective sheet for a resin imaging sheet.

  Non-glare processing is a kind of irregular reflection treatment that is usually applied to the viewer's surface, but the lighting surface material of the present invention assumes that it will be used at night without dropping indoor lighting. At the same time, by applying non-glare processing to the indoor protective sheet, unnecessary reflected light between the projector and the protective sheet when projecting using indoor lighting or mirror reflection is directly applied to the resin imaging sheet. Can be relaxed and the image quality can be improved.

    The daylighting surface material for windows of the present invention is a translucent material in which a metal thin film layer is formed on one side of a transparent glass substrate or a transparent resin substrate to form a half mirror, and light diffusion particles are dispersed on the surface of the metal thin film layer. By sticking a tough imaging sheet and laminating this lighting surface material indoors and applying it as a window glass to a window of a building or the like, in the daytime a transparent glass substrate or transparent The resin substrate and the metal thin film layer function as a half mirror, and the resin imaging sheet can be made invisible, so that the high-class feeling of the half mirror can be exhibited without damaging the half mirror. The conventional function of losing the privacy function at night is because the resin imaging sheet functions as a blind at night, which cannot function as a mirror. It is possible to overcome the drawbacks of Fumira. Furthermore, since the resin imaging sheet can form a clear projection image regardless of daytime or nighttime, it is possible to display an arbitrary projection image from the indoor side to the outdoor side without using a signboard or the like. In addition, the resin imaging sheet can also contribute to the suppression of the scattering of the glass substrate.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the daylighting surface material for windows of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The lighting surface material 30 for windows of the present invention is a laminated plate body having a three-layer structure in which a transparent glass substrate 31, a metal thin film layer 32, and a resin imaging sheet 33 are laminated in this order. Yes (FIGS. 1A and 1B).

  The glass substrate 31 may be a soda glass or the like that is a colorless transparent or colored transparent plate glass provided for windows. The metal thin film layer 32 is a metal thin film layer formed on the one surface of the glass substrate 31 in units of nanomicrometers by vapor deposition means or coating means, and the glass substrate 31 and the metal thin film layer 32 constitute a so-called half mirror. ing.

    That is, a metal element having a high light reflectivity such as aluminum or silver is used as a material metal for forming the metal thin film layer 32, and the metal thin film layer 32 has a predetermined light transmittance (light reflectivity). Is set to have. In addition, the formation process of the metal thin film layer 32 with respect to the glass substrate 31 can be skipped by using what is marketed as a glass half mirror, and this Embodiment also utilizes a commercially available half mirror. is there.

  The resin imaging sheet 33 is a translucent sheet-like or film-like material formed by stretching a resin material in which light diffusion particles are dispersed. Such sheet materials are provided for various purposes in various markets (for example, Japanese Patent No. 3245592, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-490, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-271774, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006). -195453). The main purpose of the resin imaging sheet 33 in the present invention is to form the projected light 5L projected from the projector 50 as a clear transmitted visible image (FIG. 2) and to block the line of sight from the viewpoint of ensuring privacy. It is.

    Therefore, it is possible to use the resin-made imaging sheet 33 of the present invention by selecting a commercially available sheet material that has good imaging performance as a transmission screen and that blocks the line of sight. However, it should not impede the daylighting function as a window glass. In addition, in order to stick and laminate the resin imaging sheet 33 on the metal thin film layer 32, an ultraviolet curable adhesive can usually be recommended, and depending on the material of the resin imaging sheet 33, A methylene dichloride-based adhesive can be used.

  As other embodiment of the lighting surface material 30 of this invention, it can replace with the glass substrate 31 in the said embodiment, and can use a colorless and transparent resin substrate (not shown). Also in this case, it is preferable to omit the process of forming the metal thin film layer 32 on the resin substrate by using, for example, a commercially available acrylic half mirror. In the case of a resin substrate, the bending strength and surface hardness as high as those of the glass substrate 31 cannot be obtained. However, in a small area window or indoor window, it should be used in the same manner as the daylighting surface material 30 for windows using the glass substrate 31. Can do.

    The daylighting surface material 30 for windows of the present invention can be obtained by further laminating a protective sheet 34 made of a transparent resin sheet material on the surface of the resin imaging sheet 33 (FIG. 3). As the protective sheet 34, a highly transparent acrylic plate or polycarbonate plate subjected to a surface hardening treatment can be used. In the embodiment having the protective sheet 34, since it is possible to perform ragging and the like without considering the material of the resin imaging sheet 33, the selection range of the resin imaging sheet 33 can be greatly expanded. What you can do is the biggest advantage.

  As the protective sheet 34 in the case where the daylighting surface material 30 for windows has the protective sheet 34, a polarizing sheet can be used. Moreover, as for these protective sheets 34, non-glare-processed ones can be used for either the simple protective sheet 34 or the protective sheet 34 that is a polarizing sheet. When the liquid crystal projector is used as the projector 50, the protective sheet 34 having a polarizing action has an effect of preventing disturbance light other than the projection light from the projector 50 from being input to the resin imaging sheet 33. Further, with respect to the non-glare processing, a known effect such as suppression of image degradation caused by unnecessary reflected light can be obtained.

  For the daylighting surface material 30 for windows shown in any of the above embodiments, for example, when used for a window of a building BL, the glass substrate 31 is the outdoor side OT and the resin imaging sheet 33 is the indoor side IN. Used (FIG. 1 (B), FIG. 4). At this time, it is preferable to simultaneously employ the daylighting surface material 30 for windows of the present invention for a plurality of adjacent windows in the same building BL. The daylighting surface material 30 for windows of the present invention functions as a normal half mirror in the daytime, regardless of having the resin-made imaging sheet 33, so that all windows have daylighting surfaces for windows of the present invention. This is because the appearance of the building BL can be unified by using the material 30.

  That is, the outdoor light B in the daytime passes through the transparent glass substrate 31 and is directly reflected by the metal thin film layer 32, and passes through the metal thin film layer 32 and the resin imaging sheet 33 to transmit the indoor side IN. Is the transmitted light component B2 that reaches (FIG. 1B). The half mirror effect is obtained as a visual effect by the reflected light component B1 at this time. As long as this half mirror effect is obtained, the resin imaging sheet 33 cannot be visually recognized from the outdoor side OT. Therefore, the lighting surface material 30 has a sharp and modern appearance similar to that of a normal half mirror. It can be provided. The transmitted light component B2 reaching the indoor side IN is dispersed by the resin imaging sheet 33 including the light diffusing particles, so that the lighting surface material 30 exhibits extremely soft lighting performance regardless of the sharp appearance. can do.

  On the other hand, the room light A at night is divided into a reflected light component A1 by the resin imaging sheet 33 and the metal thin film layer 32 and a transmitted light component A2 transmitted to the outdoor side OT. At this time, both the reflected light component A1 and the transmitted light component A2 inevitably become dispersed rays by passing through the resin imaging sheet 33, become soft reflected light on the indoor side IN, and are transmitted from the outdoor side OT. With regard to the line of sight, it exerts the function of blocking this. That is, the resin imaging sheet 33 at night functions as a blind.

  Further, the window lighting surface material 30 shown in any of the above-described embodiments is characterized by functioning as a transmission screen regardless of the presence of the metal thin film layer 32 by including the resin imaging sheet 33. A clear projection image IM can be formed on the lighting surface material 30 used as a window glass of a building BL or the like by the projector 50 of an arbitrary type (FIGS. 2 and 4).

  As the projector 50, a liquid crystal projector 50 is preferably used (FIG. 2). The projection light 5 </ b> L projected from the projector 50 can be imaged as a visible image by the resin imaging sheet 33. Here, the projected image light 5L itself is not recognized as a specific image, and the formed projected image IM emits visible image light having a predetermined luminance in the relationship between the image and human vision. Think of it as a thing. This is the same idea as a pixel in a display device such as a liquid crystal panel.

    That is, the reflected visible image light L1 emitted to the indoor side IN as a result of the projection light 5L from the projector 50 being imaged on the resin imaging sheet 33 can be monitored as it is in the indoor side IN. Further, the transmitted visible image light L2 emitted toward the outdoor side OT passes through the metal thin film layer 32 and is observed well from the outdoor side OT. In addition, although the brightness itself of the projection image IM as a whole is slightly attenuated when the transmitted visible image light L2 passes through the metal thin film layer 32, the clarity of the projection image IM does not deteriorate. This is considered to be because the metal thin film layer 32 functions as a mask for clarifying an image because the resin imaging sheet 33 and the metal thin film layer 32 are in close contact with each other.

  By using the daylighting surface material 30 of the present invention as a window glass of a building BL or the like, a still image is directed from the indoor side IN toward the outdoor side OT without using physical means such as a fixed signboard, a standing signboard, and a cutting sheet. The display of the company name and other arbitrary contents is possible by the moving image (FIG. 4). Since no physical means is used, there is no need to bother the line of sight or obstruct traffic, and no clean-up work is required. In addition, in the daytime display, the portion 30A other than the portion projected on the projection light 5L of the projector 50 of the daylighting surface material 30 functions as a half mirror as it is, and realizes the appearance of a very new building BL or the like. be able to.

(A) It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the structural concept of the lighting surface material for windows of this invention. (B) It is a side end view of the lighting surface material for windows in the said embodiment. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the lighting surface material for windows in the said embodiment. It is a side end view which shows other embodiment of the lighting surface material for windows of this invention. It is use condition explanatory drawing of the lighting surface material for windows of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

IN Indoor side OT Outdoor side 30 Daylighting surface material 31 Glass substrate 32 Metal thin film layer 33 Resin imaging sheet 34 Protective sheet

Claims (4)

    A metal thin film layer is formed on one side of a transparent glass substrate or a transparent resin substrate to form a half mirror, and a translucent and tough resin imaging sheet in which light diffusion particles are dispersed is attached to the surface of the metal thin film layer. A daylighting surface material for windows, which is laminated and uses a resin imaging sheet as the indoor side.     The daylighting surface material for windows according to claim 1, wherein a protective sheet made of a transparent resin sheet material is adhered and laminated on the surface of the resin imaging sheet.     The daylighting surface material for windows according to claim 2, wherein the protective sheet is a polarizing sheet. The daylighting surface material for windows according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the protective sheet is non-glare processed.

Images