JP2009291849A - Frame structure of machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a frame structure of a machine tool enabling the entire machine tool to be miniaturized by securing an installation space for a tool changer inside the machine tool. <P>SOLUTION: This frame structure of a machine tool includes a bed 10, a first column 11 vertically installed on the lateral one side or the other side of the bed when viewed from the front a of the machine tool, and a second column 12 vertically installed on the depth side of the bed 10 when viewed from the front a of the machine tool and joined to the first column 11. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a frame structure of a machine tool including a bed and a column standing on the bed.

  A frame of a machine tool is required to have high rigidity in order to support a heavy object such as a saddle or a spindle head so as to be relatively movable. As a machine tool equipped with such a frame, for example, in Patent Document 1, as viewed from the front of the machine, a column having a U-shape extending from the left side and the right side of the bed to the back is erected on the bed. A structure in which a saddle and a spindle head are mounted on the column so as to be relatively movable is proposed.

The machine tool may further include an automatic changer such as a tool changer or a work changer.
JP 2006-326740 A

  By the way, in the conventional frame structure, the column is erected so as to extend from the left and right sides of the bed to the back. For this reason, when arranging a tool changer, a work changer, etc., for example, it has to be arranged on the machine outside of the column, and as a result, there is a problem that the whole machine tends to be large.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional situation, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a frame structure of a machine tool that can secure an arrangement space for a tool changer or the like inside the machine and make the entire machine compact.

  The invention of claim 1 is a bed, a first column erected on one side or the other side of the bed as viewed from the front of the machine, and a rear side of the bed as viewed from the front of the machine, A frame structure of a machine tool comprising a second column coupled to the first column.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the frame structure of the machine tool according to the first aspect, the first column has a first opening for delivering a workpiece between the table and the workpiece changing mechanism. It is said.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the frame structure of the machine tool according to the first or second aspect, the second column supports the table so as to be movable in the left-right direction (X-axis direction) when viewed from the front of the machine. It has the 2nd opening of this.

  According to the frame structure of the first aspect of the invention, the first column is erected on one side or the other side of the bed in the left-right direction, and the second column coupled to the first column is erected on the back side of the bed. Therefore, an in-machine space can be formed on the opposite side of the first column of the bed in the left-right direction, and the entire machine can be made compact by disposing a tool changer or the like in the in-machine space.

  In the invention of claim 2, since the first opening for transferring the workpiece between the table and the workpiece exchange mechanism is formed in the first column, the outside of the machine and the inside of the machine are utilized by utilizing the opening of the first column. The workpiece can be transferred to and from the machine, and the enlargement of the entire machine can be suppressed.

  In the invention of claim 3, since the second opening for supporting the table so as to be movable in the X-axis direction is formed in the second column, wiring, piping, etc. to the table are made using the opening of the second column. It can be routed directly from the outside of the machine to the inside of the machine, and the space for arranging parts inside the machine can be expanded.

  In addition, since the table is arranged in the second opening of the second column, the heavy table can be movably supported by the highly rigid second column.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  1 to 6 are views for explaining a frame structure of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 are perspective views of a vertical machining center, and FIG. 4 is a side view of the machining center. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a frame of the machining center, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a workpiece changing device of the machining center.

  In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a vertical machining center (machine tool). The frame 2 of the machining center 1 includes a bed 10 having a substantially rectangular shape in plan view, a first column 11 erected on the right and left sides (one side) of the bed 10 when viewed from the machine front a, A second column 12 is provided standing on the back side of the bed 10 and coupled to the first column 11.

  In addition, the machining center 1 is vertically mounted on a saddle 3 movably disposed in the front-rear direction (Y-axis direction) on the first column 11 and the inner side surface 3a in the left-right direction of the saddle 3 when viewed from the machine front a. The spindle head 4 is disposed so as to be movable in the direction (Z-axis direction), and the tool changer 6 is disposed above the left side (the other side) of the bed 10 in the left-right direction.

  Further, the machining center 1 is supported by the second column 12 so as to be movable in the left-right direction (X-axis direction) and to be rotatable about an axis parallel to the Y-axis (B-axis) when viewed from the machine front a. The table 5 and a work changer 45 arranged so as to be positioned on the X-axis direction movement line of the table 5 are provided.

  A spindle 8 is mounted on the spindle head 4 so as to be rotatable with its axis line oriented in the vertical direction, and is rotated by a built-in motor (not shown). A tool T is detachably attached to the lower end portion of the main shaft 8. The bed 10 is formed with a discharge hole 10a for collecting chips and cutting oil and carrying them out of the machine.

  The first column 11 has an L shape having a prism portion 11a extending upward from a right end corner portion on the front side of the bed 10 and a beam portion 11b extending from the upper end portion of the prism portion 11a to the back side. The rear end of the beam portion 11 b is coupled to the upper surface of the second column 12. Since the first column 11 is L-shaped, a first opening 11c is formed on the right side of the bed 10 to communicate the inside of the machine with the outside of the machine.

  A pair of Y-axis guide rails 14, 14 that support the saddle 3 movably in the Y-axis direction are disposed on the upper surface of the beam portion 11 b of the first column 11. A Y-axis feed mechanism 15 that reciprocates the saddle 3 is attached to a portion of the beam portion 11b between the Y-axis guide rails 14 and 14.

  The saddle 3 has a substantially triangular shape when viewed from the front surface a of the machine, and a pair of Z-axis guide rails 16 for supporting the spindle head 4 movably in the Z-axis direction are provided on the inner side surface 3a of the saddle 3. 16 are attached. A recess 3b is formed in the inner side surface 3a of the saddle 3, and a Z-axis feed mechanism 17 for reciprocatingly driving the spindle head 4 is attached in the recess 3b.

  The second column 12 has a rectangular block shape and includes a second opening 12c for supporting the table 5 so as to be movable in the X-axis direction. The table 5 is movably supported in the X-axis direction by the second column 12 and is supported in a cantilever state, and is configured in detail as follows.

  The table 5 has a substantially cylindrical shape, a table main body 5a disposed so as to be positioned above the bed 10, a cantilever arm portion 5b disposed so as to be positioned in the second opening 12c, It has the flange part 5c formed in the boundary part of the cantilever arm part 5b and the table main body 5a (refer FIG. 4).

  The table main body 5a is formed with a flat work placement surface 5d, and a grip portion 52 for detachably gripping the work W is disposed on the work placement surface 5c.

  A pair of upper and lower X-axis guide rails 18 and 18 are attached to the front surface 12a of the second column 12 to support the table 5 movably in the X-axis direction. Further, in the second opening 12 c of the second column 12, a pair of lower and upper X-axis feed mechanisms 19, 19 are attached to reciprocate the table 5. As a result, the table 5 is cantilevered by the second column 12 via the X-axis guide rails 18 and 18. Reference numeral 21 denotes a shutter that shields between the second column 12 and the table 5.

  Wiring, piping (not shown) and the like connected to the table 5 and the X-axis feed mechanism 19 are routed from outside the machine through the second opening 12 c of the second column 12.

  The tool changer 6 is disposed between the tool magazine 30 and the spindle head 4 disposed above the bed 10 in the left-right direction and at a position facing the saddle 3. And a provided tool change mechanism 31.

  The tool magazine 30 is arranged so as to extend in the Y-axis direction, and a conveyance chain 33 that removably holds a large number of tool holding portions 32 to which tools are attached, and a rotation drive of the conveyance chain 33 to perform a next machining tool T1. Has a turning drive section 34 for indexing and positioning at the replacement position.

  The tool changing mechanism 31 includes a mechanism main body 38 attached to the spindle head 4, an exchange arm 39 supported by the mechanism main body 38 so as to be movable up and down in the Z-axis direction, and rotatable, and the exchange arm 39. And a drive unit 40 that drives to rotate up and down.

  When the workpiece machining with the tool T attached to the spindle 8 is completed, the tool magazine 30 turns and positions the next machining tool T1 at the exchange position, and the exchange arm 39 is machined after being attached to the next machining tool T1 and the spindle 8. The tool T is replaced, and the processed tool T is returned to the tool magazine 30.

  The work changer 45 is disposed in a work magazine 46 disposed outside the first column 11 and in a first opening 11 c of the first column 11 located between the work magazine 46 and the table 5. And a work exchange mechanism 47 disposed.

  The work magazine 46 is arranged so as to extend in the Y-axis direction, and a transfer chain 49 that detachably holds a large number of work holding portions 48 to which the unprocessed workpieces W1 are mounted, and the unprocessed workpieces W1 are indexed and positioned at an exchange position. A turning drive unit 50 is provided.

  The work exchanging mechanism 47 includes an exchanging arm 51 that is supported by the bed 10 so as to be movable up and down, and a drive unit (not shown) that is disposed in the bed 10 and that drives the exchanging arm 51 up and down. And have.

  When the processing of the workpiece W gripped by the table 5 is completed, the table 5 rotates 180 degrees to direct the processed workpiece W downward and move to the right in the X-axis direction. The work magazine 46 turns and positions the next unprocessed workpiece W1 to the replacement position, the replacement arm 51 replaces the processed workpiece W and the unprocessed workpiece W1, and returns the processed workpiece W to the workpiece magazine 46.

  According to the frame structure of the present embodiment, the first column 11 is erected on the right side in the left-right direction of the bed 10 when viewed from the machine front a, and the second column coupled to the first column 11 on the back side of the bed 10. Since the column 12 is erected, an interior space is formed on the left side of the first column 11 of the bed 10 in the left-right direction. Since the tool changer 6 can be arranged using the space inside the machine, the entire machine can be made compact as compared with the case where the tool changer is arranged outside the machine.

  In the present embodiment, the first column 11 is formed with the first opening 11c for transferring the processed workpiece W and the unprocessed workpiece W1 between the table 5 and the workpiece changer 45, so The workpiece 11 can be exchanged between the outside of the machine and the inside of the machine by using the opening 11c of the column 11, and the enlargement of the entire machine can be suppressed.

  In addition, since the work magazine 46 is arranged on the X axis direction movement line of the table 5 and the work exchange mechanism 47 is arranged between the work magazine 46 and the table 5, the X axis movement and B axis rotation of the table 5 are used. Thus, workpiece transfer can be performed directly, and a new workpiece transfer mechanism can be dispensed with.

  Further, since the saddle 3 is supported by the first column 11 so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction, the saddle 3 which is a heavy object can be supported by the first column 11 having high rigidity.

  In this embodiment, since the second opening 12c for supporting the table 5 so as to be movable in the X-axis direction is formed in the second column 12, wiring to the table 5 using the opening 12c of the second column 12 is performed. , Piping etc. can be routed directly from the outside of the machine to the inside of the machine, and the arrangement space for parts inside the machine can be expanded.

  Since the table 5 is disposed in the second opening 12c of the second column 12, the heavy table 5 can be cantilevered by the highly rigid second column 12.

1 is a perspective view of a vertical machining center according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view of the machining center. It is the perspective view seen from the back of the machining center. It is a left view of the said machining center. It is a perspective view of the frame of the machining center. It is a perspective view of the workpiece | work exchange apparatus of the said machining center.

Explanation of symbols

1 Vertical machining center (machine tool)
2 Frame 5 Table 10 Bed 11 1st column 11c 1st opening 12 2nd column 12c 2nd opening 47 Work exchange mechanism a Machine front W, W1 Work

Claims (3)

Bed and
A first column erected on one side or the other side of the bed as viewed from the front of the machine;
A frame structure for a machine tool, comprising a second column that is erected on the back side of the bed when viewed from the front of the machine and that is coupled to the first column. In the frame structure of the machine tool according to claim 1,
The frame structure of a machine tool, wherein the first column has a first opening for delivering a workpiece between the table and a workpiece exchange mechanism. In the frame structure of the machine tool according to claim 1 or 2,
The frame structure of a machine tool, wherein the second column has a second opening for supporting the table so as to be movable in the left-right direction (X-axis direction) when viewed from the front of the machine.

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