JP2009168378A - Clinker distribution imaging apparatus for piping in coal burning boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a clinker distribution imaging apparatus for piping in a coal burning boiler that can output such image information as to clarify the position of clinker lowering the efficiency of the coal burning boiler. <P>SOLUTION: The clinker distribution imaging apparatus is provided with a detection wave oscillating device (an ultrasonic oscillator 20) for detecting clinker stuck to the piping which constitutes a piping group disposed in the coal burning boiler; a pressure-temperature measuring apparatus (a pressure-temperature sensor 30) for measuring the pressure and temperature of steam flowing upstream and downstream inside the piping group; and an information processing part 10 computing and imaging the distribution of clinker stuck to the piping. The information processing part has a boiler heat storing rate computing means 11 for computing a heat storing rate of every piping group; a clinker distribution preparing means 12 computing information on the distribution of clinker stuck to the piping in the coal burning boiler based on the structural information of the coal burning boiler and the heat storing rate of every piping group; and an imaging means 13 imaging the distribution of clinker stuck to each piping based on the clinker distribution information. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention relates to a pipe in a coal fired boiler that identifies and images the position of a fixed object (hereinafter referred to as a clinker) that is generated inside the coal fired boiler and fixed to the surface of the pipe disposed inside the coal fired boiler. The present invention relates to a clinker distribution imaging apparatus.

  In general, coal fired boilers used in power generation facilities, etc., mix coal pulverized coal (pulverized coal) with air and supply it to the combustion device (burner), and eject the pulverized coal from the combustion device. It is designed to cause floating combustion.

  When such a coal fired boiler is operated, coal ash generated by the combustion of pulverized coal is fixed to the surface of a pipe such as a steam pipe or a water supply pipe disposed inside the coal fired boiler. And clinker produces | generates on the surface of piping because they sinter. As a result, there has been a problem that the thermal conductivity of the piping is lowered and the efficiency of the coal fired boiler is lowered.

  For such problems, conventionally, based on data obtained by sensors installed inside a coal fired boiler, a pipe group including pipes that are considered to have the lowest thermal conductivity is estimated. The clinker adhering to the piping was removed by carrying out a soot blower (soot blowing using auxiliary steam) on the piping group. Specifically, a temperature sensor is provided for each of the upstream and downstream piping of the piping group, and the boiler heat recovery rate is calculated for each piping group using the temperature obtained by the temperature sensor, and for each piping group. A heat transfer surface contamination trend graph as shown in FIG. 9 is created. And comparing the heat transfer surface dirt trend graph for each pipe group, the soot blower was carried out for all the pipes included in the pipe group showing the largest heat transfer surface dirt, and the thermal conductivity was the lowest The clinker attached to the possible piping was removed.

  However, the boiler heat recovery rate used in this method is not calculated from the actual temperature of each pipe included in each pipe group, but the temperature detected at several limited detection points in each pipe group. Therefore, there is a problem that the reliability of the heat transfer surface contamination trend graph itself for each piping group obtained is low. That is, if the obtained pipe group showing the largest heat transfer surface contamination is not a pipe group including a pipe with a clinker attached to reduce the efficiency of the coal fired boiler, all pipes included in the pipe group are included. On the other hand, even if the soot blower is implemented, there is a problem that the efficiency of the coal fired boiler may not be improved. In this case, there has been a problem that the soot blower must be further applied to all the pipes included in other pipe groups, and the amount of auxiliary steam used must be increased.

  By the way, judging from the heat transfer surface contamination trend graph described above, if the soot blower is applied to all the pipes included in the piping group showing the largest heat transfer surface contamination, the heat transfer surface contamination trend graph of the piping group is displayed. Although the heat transfer surface contamination decreases, the moving blade opening of the ventilation fan often does not change. This may be different between the pipe group with clinker adhering to the gas flow in the furnace and the pipe group showing the largest heat transfer surface contamination judged from the heat transfer surface contamination trend graph. It is shown that.

  On the other hand, a clinker detection device for detecting clinker adhering to the furnace wall of a coal fired boiler, a clinker adhesion determination method for detecting that clinker has accumulated on the peripheral part of a burner throat of a coal fired boiler, and the like have been proposed ( For example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

JP 2003-185122 A JP 2002-71130 A

  However, the clinker detection device described above is provided with an ultrasonic oscillation device in the upper part of the coal-fired boiler furnace, and the ultrasonic oscillator oscillates toward the expected clinker generation location on the furnace wall and receives the reflected wave. The problem is that only the clinker attached to the upper part of the burner can be detected and the reason why the clinker attached to the part reduces the efficiency of the coal fired boiler. There was a problem that it was not possible to judge whether it was.

  The clinker adhesion determination method described above is to provide a flame detector at the peripheral edge of the burner of the coal fired boiler and detect the clinker adhering to the burner throat based on the signal detected by the flame detector. There was a problem that only the clinker attached to the burner throat could be detected.

  In view of the circumstances described above, the present invention provides a clinker distribution imaging apparatus for piping in a coal fired boiler that can create image information that makes the position of the clinker that reduces the efficiency of the coal fired boiler clear. With the goal.

  A first aspect of the present invention that solves the above problems is provided in the vicinity of a pipe constituting each of a plurality of pipe groups arranged inside a coal fired boiler, and oscillates an ultrasonic wave or a laser beam toward the pipe. A plurality of detection wave oscillating devices that receive the reflected waves and detect the position of the clinker fixed to the pipe, and are provided on the upstream side and the downstream side of the pipe group, respectively, and inside the upstream side and the downstream side of the pipe group A plurality of pressure / temperature measuring devices for measuring the pressure and temperature of the steam flowing through the gas, and an information processing unit to which output signals of the detection wave oscillation device and the pressure / temperature measuring device are input, the information processing unit Is based on the pressure and temperature of the steam flowing in the pipe upstream and downstream of the pipe group obtained by the pressure / temperature measuring device, and calculates the heat collection ratio for each pipe group. The calculation means, the position information of the clinker detected by the detection wave oscillation device, the structure information of the coal fired boiler including the position information of the piping group of the coal fired boiler, and the heat recovery rate calculation means Clinker distribution creating means for creating clinker distribution information fixed to the pipe in the coal fired boiler based on the heat collection ratio for each pipe group, and on the pipe in the coal fired boiler based on the clinker distribution information. An clinker distribution imaging apparatus for piping in a coal-fired boiler having an imaging means for imaging a fixed clinker distribution.

  In the first aspect, it is possible to create image information that makes the position of the clinker that reduces the efficiency of the coal fired boiler clear.

  The second aspect of the present invention further includes a pipe surface temperature measuring device that is provided in each of the pipes that constitute the pipe group and measures the surface temperature of the pipes, and the clinker distribution creation that the information processing unit has The means is measured by the clinker detected by the detection wave oscillating device, the heat collection rate of the pipe group obtained by the heat collection rate calculation unit, the structure information of the coal fired boiler, and the surface temperature measurement device. The clinker distribution imaging of the pipe in the coal fired boiler according to the first aspect, wherein the clinker distribution information fixed to the pipe in the coal fired boiler is created based on the surface temperature of the pipe that has been made. In the device.

  In the second aspect, it is possible to create image information that makes the position of the clinker that reduces the efficiency of the coal fired boiler more clear.

  According to the clinker distribution imaging device for piping in a coal fired boiler according to the present invention, it is possible to output image information that makes clear the position of the clinker that lowers the efficiency of the coal fired boiler. The position of the clinker that lowers the efficiency can be easily recognized, and as a result, an efficient soot blower can be implemented.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described. The description of the present embodiment is an exemplification, and the present invention is not limited to the following description.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a clinker distribution imaging apparatus for piping in a coal-fired boiler according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, a clinker distribution imaging apparatus 1 for piping in a coal-fired boiler according to this embodiment includes an ultrasonic oscillator 20 that is a plurality of detection wave oscillators, and a pressure that is a plurality of pressure / temperature measuring apparatuses. A temperature sensor 30, an output device 50, and an information processing unit 10 connected to the temperature sensor 30. The information processing unit 10 includes a boiler heat recovery rate calculation unit 11, a clinker distribution creation unit 12, and an imaging unit 13. And have. By configuring the clinker distribution imaging apparatus 1 in this way, as described later, when the output signals output from the ultrasonic oscillator 20 and the pressure / temperature sensor 30 are input to the information processing unit 10, information The processing unit 10 creates clinker distribution information fixed to a pipe disposed in the coal fired boiler based on the information, images the clinker distribution information, and outputs the image using the output device 50. It can be done.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the clinker distribution imaging apparatus 1 is attached to a coal fired boiler installed in a thermal power plant or the like. 2 is a schematic front view of the inside of the coal fired boiler 100 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a schematic back view of the inside of the coal fired boiler 100. 4 is a schematic side view of the inside of the coal fired boiler 100 when viewed from the direction A shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and FIG. 5 is a view of the coal fired when viewed from the direction B shown in FIGS. 1 is a schematic side view of the inside of a boiler 100. FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, a coal fired boiler 100 to which the clinker distribution imaging apparatus 1 is attached includes a furnace 110 that burns pulverized coal inside, and an exhaust gas that is connected to the upper part of the furnace 110 and discharged from the furnace 110. And an exhaust gas flow path 120 for discharging from the lower side. On the side surface of the furnace 110, a plurality of combustion apparatuses 101 for injecting and burning pulverized coal are arranged in a row in the vertical direction. Further, in the upper part of the furnace 110, a plurality of suspended superheater tubes 111 arranged side by side in a row are arranged in three rows in the width direction, and constitute three secondary superheaters that are a pipe group. . The suspended superheater tube 111 is formed so that the tubular member is folded in the vertical direction, although not shown. On the other hand, in the exhaust gas flow channel 120, a primary superheater that is a group of four pipes constituted by the superheater pipe 121 is arranged, and a pipe group constituted by the superheater pipe 122 below the primary superheater. The economizer that is is arranged.

  Although not shown, the economizer and the primary superheater are connected to each other, and the primary superheater and the secondary superheater are connected to each other. When flowing through a plurality of pipes constituting the charcoal unit, the primary superheater, and the secondary superheater, they are heated, and finally become steam and supplied to a turbine (not shown). The water supplied from the primary superheater is diverted to each suspended superheater tube 111 constituting the secondary superheater, and after passing through each suspended superheater tube, is collected again and supplied to the turbine. It has become so. Below, with reference to FIGS. 2-5, each component which comprises the clinker distribution imaging apparatus 1 is demonstrated concretely.

  First, the ultrasonic oscillator 20 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, a plurality of ultrasonic oscillators 20 in the furnace 110 are arranged on the upper surface, front surface, and one side surface of the furnace 110, and the ultrasonic oscillators 20 in the exhaust gas flow channel 120 are connected to the exhaust gas flow channel 120. A plurality are arranged on the back surface. Specifically, the ultrasonic oscillator 20 provided on the upper surface of the furnace 110 is disposed in the vicinity of each suspended superheater tube 111 constituting the secondary superheater. In addition, the ultrasonic oscillator 20 provided in front of the furnace 110 is disposed in the vicinity of each secondary superheater. Further, the ultrasonic oscillator 20 provided on the side surface of the furnace 110 is also disposed in the vicinity of each suspended superheater tube 111 constituting the secondary superheater. By arranging the ultrasonic oscillator 20 in this way, it is possible to oscillate an ultrasonic wave in each suspended superheater tube 111 constituting each secondary superheater and receive a reflected wave thereof. The position of the clinker fixed to the mold superheater tube 111 can be detected.

  And the ultrasonic oscillator 20 provided in the exhaust gas flow path 120 is each arrange | positioned in the upper side vicinity of each superheater pipe | tube 121,122 which comprises a primary superheater and a economizer. By arranging the ultrasonic oscillator 20 in this way, the position of the clinker fixed to each superheater tube 121, 122 can be detected in the same manner as in the case of the secondary superheater tube.

  Here, the ultrasonic oscillator 20 is a main part of the ultrasonic oscillating device, and as an ultrasonic oscillating device, an ultrasonic wave is oscillated toward a predetermined target by a start command, and a reflected wave that collides with the target and reflects is reflected. There is no particular limitation as long as it has a receiving function, and for example, a commercially available general ultrasonic oscillator may be used.

  Next, the pressure / temperature sensor 30 will be described. Although not shown, the pressure / temperature sensor 30 is provided on the upstream side and the downstream side of each primary superheater, each secondary superheater, and each economizer, and each primary superheater, each secondary superheater, and each node. It is possible to measure the pressure and temperature of steam flowing in the upstream and downstream sides of each charcoal unit.

  Here, the pressure / temperature sensor 30 is not particularly limited as long as it can measure the pressure and temperature of steam flowing in each primary superheater, each secondary superheater and each economizer, For example, a commercially available temperature sensor and pressure sensor may be combined.

  Further, the information processing unit 10 will be described. As described above, the information processing unit 10 is connected to each ultrasonic oscillator 20 and each pressure / temperature sensor 30, and includes a boiler heat recovery rate calculating unit 11, a clinker distribution creating unit 12, and an imaging unit 13. The superheater tubes 121 and 122 constituting the primary superheater and the economizer, and the secondary superheater are provided on the basis of the information obtained by the ultrasonic oscillators 20 and the pressure / temperature sensors 30. A clinker distribution fixed to each of the suspended superheater tubes 111 to be formed can be created and the clinker distribution can be imaged. Examples of the information processing unit 10 include a general personal computer and a dedicated computer.

  Here, the boiler heat recovery rate calculating means 11 is the pressure of the steam flowing through the upstream side and the downstream side inside each primary superheater, each secondary superheater, and the economizer detected by each pressure / temperature sensor 30. It has a function of calculating the boiler heat recovery rate based on the temperature. Examples of the boiler heat recovery rate calculating means 11 include a configuration configured to calculate the boiler heat recovery rate based on the pressure and temperature of steam obtained by each pressure / temperature sensor 30.

  The clinker distribution creating means 12 includes the position information of the clinker detected by each ultrasonic oscillator 20, the position information of the coal fired boiler piping group (primary superheater, secondary superheater, and economizer) and each piping group. To the piping in the coal fired boiler based on the structural information of the coal fired boiler 100 such as the shape of the piping that constitutes the boiler, and the boiler heat recovery rate calculated by the boiler heat recovery rate calculating means 11 It has a function of creating fixed clinker distribution information. As the clinker distribution creating means 12, for example, among the clinker position information obtained by the ultrasonic oscillator 20, among the plurality of boiler heat collecting ratios calculated by the boiler heat collecting ratio calculating means 11, the most boiler heat collecting ratio is obtained. A configuration in which position information of a clinker fixed to a pipe constituting a low-pipe group is extracted.

  The imaging means 13 has a function of imaging the clinker distribution information obtained by the clinker distribution creating means 12. As the imaging means 13, for example, based on the structure information of the coal fired boiler 100 described above and the clinker distribution information obtained by the clinker distribution creating means 12, the position of the clinker that lowers the efficiency of the coal fired boiler 100 is clarified. Such image information (for example, three-dimensional stereoscopic graphic data) is created.

  Further, the output device 50 will be described. The output device 50 is a device that converts the image information obtained by the information processing unit 10 into an image and outputs the image information. Examples of the output device 50 include a general display device and a printer.

  According to the clinker distribution imaging apparatus 1 configured as described above, it is possible to output image information that makes the position of the clinker that reduces the efficiency of the coal fired boiler 100 clear. The position of the clinker that lowers the efficiency can be easily recognized, and as a result, an efficient soot blower can be implemented.

(Embodiment 2)
In the first embodiment, the clinker distribution imaging apparatus 1 is configured as described above. However, as shown in FIG. 6, the clinker distribution imaging apparatus 1 further includes a plurality of pipe surface temperature measuring devices 40 and is replaced with the clinker distribution creating means 12. The clinker distribution imaging apparatus 1A may be configured to include the clinker distribution creating unit 12A having different functions. Here, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a clinker distribution imaging apparatus for piping in a coal-fired boiler according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. By configuring the clinker distribution imaging apparatus 1A in this manner, image information that makes the position of the clinker that lowers the efficiency of the coal fired boiler 100 clearer can be output, as will be described in detail later. The components constituting the clinker distribution imaging apparatus 1A other than the pipe surface temperature measuring apparatus 40 and the clinker distribution creating means 12A are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted.

  First, the pipe surface temperature measuring device 40 will be described. As shown in FIG. 7, the pipe surface temperature measuring device 40 includes each suspended superheater pipe 111 constituting each secondary superheater, and each superheater pipe 121, 122 constituting a primary superheater or a economizer. The surface temperature of each pipe having a clinker fixed to the surface thereof can be measured, and the surface temperature of each pipe can be transmitted to the information processing unit 10. Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, the pipe surface temperature measuring device 40 is attached to an outer portion of a suspended superheater tube 111 constituting a secondary superheater. Here, FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of the coal fired boiler according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion X shown in FIG. The pipe surface temperature measuring device 40 attached to the superheater pipes 121 and 122 constituting the primary superheater pipe and the economizer can be similarly attached to the outer portion of each pipe.

  When the piping surface temperature measuring device 40 is attached to the suspended superheater tube 111 in this way, the clinker is fixed to the surface of the suspended superheater tube 111 so as to cover the piping surface temperature measuring device 40 as well. As a result, the pipe surface temperature measuring device 40 can measure the surface temperature of the suspended superheater tube 111 in which the thermal conductivity is lowered due to the clinker being fixed to the surface. Note that the surface temperature of the suspended superheater tube 111 to which the clinker is fixed is the surface temperature of the suspended superheater tube 111 to which the clinker is not fixed because the thermal conductivity is lowered by the clinker. Compared to, it will be measured as a lower temperature.

  Next, the clinker distribution creating means 12A will be described. The clinker distribution creating means 12A is the clinker information detected by each ultrasonic oscillator 20, the structural information of the coal fired boiler 100, the boiler heat recovery ratio calculated by the boiler heat recovery ratio calculation means 11, and the pipe surface temperature. Based on the surface temperature of each pipe measured by the measuring device 40, it has a function of creating clinker distribution information fixed to the pipe in the coal fired boiler. As the clinker distribution creating means 12 </ b> A, for example, among the clinker position information obtained by the ultrasonic oscillator 20, among the plurality of boiler heat collecting ratios calculated by the boiler heat collecting ratio calculating means 11, the most boiler heat collecting ratio is obtained. A pipe that constitutes a pipe group having a low temperature and that is configured to extract position information of a clinker fixed to a pipe having a surface temperature lower than a predetermined temperature.

  The clinker distribution creating means 12A can create the clinker distribution information in consideration of not only the clinker information, the structure information of the coal fired boiler 100 and the boiler heat recovery rate, but also the surface temperature of each pipe. Compared with the clinker distribution creating means 12 of the first embodiment, more accurate clinker distribution information can be created.

  As described above, according to the clinker distribution imaging apparatus 1A according to the present embodiment, the position of the clinker that lowers the efficiency of the coal fired boiler 100 is more clearly compared with the clinker distribution imaging apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment. Such image information can be output.

(Other embodiments)
In the first and second embodiments, the ultrasonic oscillator 20 is used as the detection wave oscillation device, but a laser oscillator may be used instead. As a laser oscillator, it constitutes the main part of the laser oscillation device, has a function of oscillating ultrasonic waves toward a predetermined target by a start command as a laser oscillation device, and receiving a reflected wave that collides with the target and reflects, There is no particular limitation as long as the received reflected wave can be converted into a signal and transmitted to the information processing unit. For example, a commercially available general laser oscillation device may be used. By using a laser oscillator as the detection wave transmission device, the position of the clinker can be detected more accurately than when the ultrasonic oscillator 20 is used.

  In the first and second embodiments, the ultrasonic oscillator 20 is arranged in the furnace 110 and the exhaust gas flow channel 120 as described above. However, the arrangement place of the ultrasonic oscillator 20 is not limited to this, and the clinker attached to each pipe. The primary superheater tube, the secondary superheater tube, and the economizer need only be arranged so that the position of the can be detected.

  Further, in the second embodiment, the pipe surface temperature measuring device 40 is attached to the outer portion such as the suspended superheater pipe 111, but the installation location of the pipe surface temperature measuring device 40 is not limited to this, and the surface of each pipe. As long as the temperature can be measured, it may be arranged in any place.

It is the schematic which shows the clinker distribution imaging apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic front view inside a coal fired boiler according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic back view of the inside of a coal fired boiler according to Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the inside of a coal fired boiler when viewed from the direction A shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the inside of a coal fired boiler when viewed from the direction B shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. It is the schematic which shows the clinker distribution imaging apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a schematic front view inside a coal fired boiler according to a second embodiment. It is the expansion schematic of the part X shown in FIG. It is a conventional heat transfer surface dirt trend graph.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1A clinker distribution imaging apparatus 10 Information processing part 11 Boiler heat recovery rate calculation means 12, 12A Clinker distribution creation means 13 Imaging means 20 Ultrasonic oscillator 30 Pressure / temperature sensor 40 Piping surface temperature measuring device 50 Output device

Claims (2)

A clinker that is provided in the vicinity of a pipe constituting each of a plurality of pipe groups arranged inside a coal fired boiler, oscillates an ultrasonic wave or a laser beam toward the pipe, receives the reflected wave, and is fixed to the pipe. A plurality of detection wave oscillators for detecting positions;
A plurality of pressure / temperature measuring devices that are respectively provided on the upstream and downstream pipe lines in the piping group and measure the pressure and temperature of the steam flowing in the upstream side and the downstream side of the piping group;
An information processing unit to which output signals of the detection wave oscillation device and the pressure / temperature measurement device are input;
The information processing unit
Heat collection rate calculation means for calculating the heat collection rate for each piping group based on the pressure and temperature of the steam flowing in the upstream and downstream pipes in the piping group obtained by the pressure / temperature measuring device. When,
The position information of the clinker detected by the detection wave oscillator, the structure information of the coal fired boiler including the position information of the piping group of the coal fired boiler, and the pipe group obtained by the heat recovery rate calculating means Clinker distribution creating means for creating clinker distribution information fixed to the pipe in the coal fired boiler based on the heat recovery rate;
A clinker distribution imaging apparatus for piping in a coal fired boiler, comprising: imaging means for imaging a clinker distribution fixed to the piping in the coal fired boiler based on the clinker distribution information. Provided in each of the pipes constituting the pipe group, further comprising a pipe surface temperature measuring device for measuring the surface temperature of the pipe,
The clinker distribution creating means included in the information processing unit includes a clinker detected by the detection wave oscillation device, a heat collection ratio of the piping group obtained by the heat collection ratio calculation means, and structure information of the coal fired boiler. The clinker distribution information fixed to the pipe in the coal fired boiler is created based on the surface temperature of the pipe measured by the surface temperature measuring device. Clinker distribution imaging device for piping in boilers.

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