JP2009162657A - Strong wind monitoring method and strong wind monitoring device - Google Patents
Strong wind monitoring method and strong wind monitoring device Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、鉄道、道路沿線や長大構造物における強風監視に係り、特に、強風による光ファイバケーブルのひずみを利用した強風監視方法及び強風監視装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to strong wind monitoring in railways, roadsides, and long structures, and more particularly, to a strong wind monitoring method and a strong wind monitoring apparatus using distortion of an optical fiber cable caused by strong wind.
従来、鉄道や道路、長大構造物において強風規制や警告を行うための風速は、限られた地点に設置された風速計によって測定されている。 Conventionally, wind speeds for strong wind regulation and warning in railways, roads, and long structures have been measured by anemometers installed at limited points.
一方、光ファイバを用いた測定装置として、プローブ光を不連続プローブ光としたブリルアン散乱型光ファイバを用いた測定装置が提案されている（下記特許文献１参照）。 On the other hand, as a measuring apparatus using an optical fiber, a measuring apparatus using a Brillouin scattering type optical fiber in which the probe light is a discontinuous probe light has been proposed (see Patent Document 1 below).
また、本願の出願人らによる光ファイバを用いた軌道狂いの計測装置（下記特許文献２参照）や、光ファイバを用いた雪崩検知装置（下記特許文献３参照）も提案されている。 Further, an orbit misalignment measuring device using an optical fiber (see Patent Document 2 below) and an avalanche detecting device using an optical fiber (see Patent Document 3 below) have been proposed by the applicants of the present application.
更に、ブリルアン散乱型光ファイバを用いた温度センサが提案されている（下記非特許文献１参照）。
しかしながら、従来の風速計を用いる方法では、鉄道や道路等の全線にわたる風速を測定するためには、非常に多くの風速計を設置する必要があり、実現が難しかった。 However, in the conventional method using an anemometer, in order to measure the wind speed over all lines such as railroads and roads, it is necessary to install a great number of anemometers, which is difficult to realize.
また、ブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルを強風監視に用いたものは開発されいないのが現状である。 At present, no Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable is used for strong wind monitoring.
本発明は、上記状況に鑑みて、簡便な構成で沿線又は長大構造物の全域にわたる風速を監視することができる強風監視方法及び強風監視装置を提供することを目的とする。 In view of the above situation, an object of the present invention is to provide a strong wind monitoring method and a strong wind monitoring apparatus capable of monitoring the wind speed over a whole area along a railway line or a long and large structure with a simple configuration.
本発明は、上記目的を達成するために、
〔１〕鉄道や道路、長大構造物などの施設構造物において強風警告や規制を行う強風監視方法であって、前記施設構造物の周りに複数の柱を設置し、この複数の柱にブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルを架設し、このブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルの両端にそれぞれ変調光発生装置と散乱光解析装置を接続し、前記施設構造物の全域に渡り風速を計測し、強風の監視を行うことを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides
[1] A strong wind monitoring method for warning and regulating strong winds in facilities such as railways, roads, and long-sized structures, in which a plurality of pillars are installed around the facility structures, and Brillouin scattering is applied to the plurality of pillars. Type optical fiber cable, connect modulated light generator and scattered light analyzer to both ends of this Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable, measure wind speed over the whole area of the facility structure, and monitor strong wind It is characterized by that.
〔２〕上記〔１〕記載の強風監視方法において、前記ブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルに風に対する抵抗力増幅装置を固定し、風力に対する抵抗力の増幅を行うことを特徴とする。 [2] The strong wind monitoring method according to [1], wherein a resistance amplifying device against wind is fixed to the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable to amplify the resistance against wind.
〔３〕上記〔１〕又は〔２〕記載の強風監視方法において、前記ブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルの横側からの横風に応答し、前記ブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルに沿った方向からの風には応答しない、風向に対応した風速の計測を行うようにしたことを特徴とする。 [3] In the strong wind monitoring method according to the above [1] or [2], in response to a crosswind from a side of the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable, a wind from a direction along the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable is applied. Is characterized in that it does not respond and measures the wind speed corresponding to the wind direction.
〔４〕鉄道や道路、長大構造物などの施設構造物において強風警告や規制を行う強風監視装置であって、前記施設構造物の周りに設置される複数の柱と、この複数の柱の間に架設されるブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルと、このブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルに接続される変調光発生装置及び散乱光解析装置とを備え、前記施設構造物の全域に渡り風速を計測し、強風の監視を行うようにしたことを特徴とする。 [4] A strong wind monitoring device for warning and regulating strong winds in facility structures such as railways, roads, and long structures, and a plurality of pillars installed around the facility structures and between the plurality of pillars A Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable installed on the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable, and a modulated light generating device and a scattered light analysis device connected to the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable. It is characterized by the fact that monitoring is performed.
〔５〕上記〔４〕記載の強風監視装置において、前記ブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルに風に対する抵抗力増幅装置を固定したことを特徴とする。 [5] The strong wind monitoring apparatus according to [4], wherein a resistance amplifying apparatus for wind is fixed to the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable.
〔６〕上記〔４〕又は〔５〕記載の強風監視装置において、前記ブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルの横側からの横風に応答し、前記ブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルの沿った方向からの風には応答しない、風向に対応した風向別の風速の計測手段を具備することを特徴とする。 [6] In the strong wind monitoring apparatus according to [4] or [5], in response to the crosswind from the side of the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable, the wind from the direction along the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable Is not responding, and is provided with a wind speed measuring means for each wind direction corresponding to the wind direction.
本発明によれば、次のような効果を奏することができる。 According to the present invention, the following effects can be achieved.
（１）沿線全域にわたり、連続的に風速を監視することができる。 (1) The wind speed can be continuously monitored over the entire area.
（２）強風の生じた箇所をピンポイントで特定することができる。 (2) It is possible to pinpoint the location where the strong wind has occurred.
（３）従来は、風速計の設置箇所のみでしか風速が分からなかったため、風速計と風速計との間で発生し見逃してしまっていた強風を検知することができる。特に局所的な竜巻などの発生を的確に検知することができる。 (3) Conventionally, since the wind speed was known only at the place where the anemometer was installed, it was possible to detect the strong wind that was generated and missed between the anemometer. In particular, it is possible to accurately detect the occurrence of a local tornado or the like.
（４）強風が生じたことの警報システムと鉄道の信号システムを直結することにより、列車を転覆させるような強風が生じた瞬間に、走行中の列車に対して強風発生を知らせることができる。さらに、列車への信号を停止信号または徐行信号にして通知することで未然に事故を防ぐことができる。 (4) By directly connecting a warning system that a strong wind has occurred and a railway signal system, it is possible to notify the traveling train of the occurrence of a strong wind at the moment when a strong wind that overturns the train has occurred. Furthermore, an accident can be prevented beforehand by notifying the train signal as a stop signal or a slow signal.
（５）横風の場合はブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルにひずみが生じるが、列車や車に対して正面からの強風規制の必要のない風では、ブリルアン散乱型光ケーブルにひずみはほとんど生じない。よって、列車や車の対する風向別規制ができる。 (5) In the case of crosswind, distortion occurs in the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable, but in the case of a wind that does not require strong wind regulation from the front of the train or car, the Brillouin scattering type optical cable hardly generates distortion. Therefore, it is possible to regulate by wind direction for trains and cars.
（６）ブリルアン散乱型ケーブルは数十ｋｍまでの測定が可能である。よって数駅領域毎に強風監視装置を設置すればよい。 (6) The Brillouin scattering type cable can measure up to several tens of kilometers. Therefore, a strong wind monitoring device may be installed every several station areas.
（７）従来の風速計のような可動部分がないので装置の故障が少ない。万が一、ブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルが切断しても、散乱光を測定することによりその切断位置がすぐに特定できる。 (7) Since there is no moving part like the conventional anemometer, there is little failure of the apparatus. Even if the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable is cut, the cutting position can be immediately identified by measuring the scattered light.
本発明の強風監視方法は、鉄道や道路、長大構造物などの施設構造物において強風警告や規制を行う強風監視方法であって、前記施設構造物の周りに複数の柱を設置し、この複数の柱にブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルを架設し、このブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルの両端にそれぞれ変調光発生装置と散乱光解析装置を接続し、前記施設構造物の全域に渡り風速を計測し、強風の監視を行う。 The strong wind monitoring method of the present invention is a strong wind monitoring method for warning and regulating strong winds in facility structures such as railways, roads, and long structures, and a plurality of pillars are installed around the facility structure. A Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable is installed on the pillar of the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable, and a modulated light generator and a scattered light analysis device are connected to both ends of the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable, respectively. Monitor strong winds.
以下、本発明の実施の形態について詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
図１は本発明のブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルを用いた強風監視装置の構成図である。 FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a strong wind monitoring apparatus using the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable of the present invention.
この図において、１は第１の変調光発生装置、２は第１の散乱光解析装置、３は第２の変調光発生装置、４は第２の散乱光解析装置、５はこれらの装置１〜４に接続されるコンピュータ、６は第１の変調光発生装置１および第１の散乱光解析装置２と第２の変調光発生装置３および第２の散乱光解析装置４との間に架設されるブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルである。７はブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブル６が受ける風に対して抵抗力を増すために光ファイバケーブル６に固定される風に対する抵抗力増幅装置であり、ここでは板状体である。 In this figure, 1 is a first modulated light generator, 2 is a first scattered light analyzer, 3 is a second modulated light generator, 4 is a second scattered light analyzer, and 5 is these devices 1. -4 are connected between the first modulated light generator 1 and the first scattered light analyzer 2, the second modulated light generator 3 and the second scattered light analyzer 4. Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable. Reference numeral 7 denotes a resistance amplifying device for wind fixed to the optical fiber cable 6 in order to increase resistance to the wind received by the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable 6, which is a plate-like body here.
図２は本発明の第１実施例を示す鉄道沿線に架設するブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルを用いた強風監視装置の構成図である。 FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a strong wind monitoring apparatus using a Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable installed along a railway line according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
この図において、１１はレール、１２はレール１１上を走行する列車、１３はレール１１の沿線に設置される電柱、１４はその電柱１３に架設されるブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブル、１５はその光ファイバケーブル１４が受ける風に対して抵抗力を増すために光ファイバケーブル１４に固定される風に対する抵抗力増幅装置、ここでは板状体である。１６は第１の変調光発生装置、１７は第１の散乱光解析装置、１８は第２の変調光発生装置、１９は第２の散乱光解析装置、２０はこれらの装置１６〜１９に接続されるコンピュータである。 In this figure, 11 is a rail, 12 is a train traveling on the rail 11, 13 is a utility pole installed along the rail 11, 14 is a Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable installed on the utility pole 13, and 15 is its light. In order to increase resistance to the wind received by the fiber cable 14, a resistance amplifying device for wind fixed to the optical fiber cable 14, in this case, a plate-like body. 16 is a first modulated light generator, 17 is a first scattered light analyzer, 18 is a second modulated light generator, 19 is a second scattered light analyzer, and 20 is connected to these devices 16 to 19. Computer.
このように、ブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブル１４を鉄道（又は道路わき）の電柱１３に架設する。光ファイバケーブル１４に対して横方向から風が吹くと、ブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブル１４にはその両端にそれぞれ第１の変調光発生装置１６と第２の変調光発生装置１８、並びに第１の散乱光解析装置１７と第２の散乱光解析装置１９が接続されているので、その横風によりブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブル１４がひずむと、ブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブル１４の両端の第１の変調光発生装置１６と第２の変調光発生装置１８から周波数の異なった光が送られるているので、光が散乱する。その散乱光を第１の散乱光解析装置１７と第２の散乱光解析装置１９によりを解析し、そのデータがコンピュータコンピュータ２０によって演算されて風力が計測される。その計測された風力がコンピュータコンピュータ２０にあらかじめ記憶されている参照値と比較され、計測された風力が参照値より大きい場合は強風と判定して、それに基づいて列車１２へ強風の警告を発して、列車１２の走行規制を行う。 In this manner, the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable 14 is installed on the power pole 13 of the railway (or side of the road). When wind blows from the lateral direction with respect to the optical fiber cable 14, the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable 14 has a first modulated light generator 16, a second modulated light generator 18, and a first modulated light generator at both ends, respectively. Since the scattered light analysis device 17 and the second scattered light analysis device 19 are connected, if the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable 14 is distorted by the cross wind, the first modulated light at both ends of the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable 14 is distorted. Since light having different frequencies is sent from the generator 16 and the second modulated light generator 18, the light is scattered. The scattered light is analyzed by the first scattered light analysis device 17 and the second scattered light analysis device 19, and the data is calculated by the computer computer 20 to measure the wind force. The measured wind force is compared with a reference value stored in advance in the computer computer 20, and if the measured wind force is larger than the reference value, it is determined as a strong wind, and a strong wind warning is issued to the train 12 based thereon. The travel of the train 12 is regulated.
図３は本発明の第２実施例を示す橋梁に架設するブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルを用いた強風監視装置の構成図である。 FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a strong wind monitoring apparatus using a Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable installed on a bridge according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
この図において、２１は吊り橋型の橋梁、２２は吊り柱、２３は吊りロープ、２４は吊り柱２２の間に架設されるブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルである。また、２５はその光ファイバケーブル２４が受ける風に対して抵抗力を増すために光ファイバケーブル２４に固定される風に対する抵抗力増幅装置であり、ここでは板状体である。 In this figure, 21 is a suspension bridge type bridge, 22 is a suspension pillar, 23 is a suspension rope, and 24 is a Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable constructed between the suspension pillars 22. Reference numeral 25 denotes a resistance amplifying device for wind fixed to the optical fiber cable 24 in order to increase resistance to the wind received by the optical fiber cable 24, and is a plate-like body here.
第２実施例における強風監視装置の動作は、第１実施例と同様である。ここでは、強風を検知し、警告が出されると、橋梁を通行する自動車や歩行者の通行が規制されて安全を確保するようにする。橋梁を鉄道車両が通行する場合も同様に規制される。 The operation of the strong wind monitoring device in the second embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment. Here, when a strong wind is detected and a warning is issued, traffic of automobiles and pedestrians passing through the bridge is restricted to ensure safety. The same applies when rail vehicles pass through the bridge.
図４は本発明の第３実施例を示す長大構造物に架設するブリルアン散乱型光ファイバを用いた強風監視装置の構成図である。 FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a strong wind monitoring apparatus using a Brillouin scattering type optical fiber installed on a long and large structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
この図において、３１は長大構造物、例えばビッグイベントビルディング、３２はその長大構造物３１の周りに配置される支持柱、３３はその支持柱３２の間に配置されるブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルである。３４は光ファイバケーブル３３が受ける風に対して抵抗力を増すために光ファイバケーブル３３に固定される風に対する抵抗力増幅装置であり、ここでは板状体である。 In this figure, 31 is a long structure, for example, a big event building, 32 is a support column disposed around the long structure 31, and 33 is a Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable disposed between the support columns 32. is there. Reference numeral 34 denotes a resistance amplifying device for wind fixed to the optical fiber cable 33 in order to increase the resistance to the wind received by the optical fiber cable 33, and is a plate-like body here.
この第３実施例における強風監視装置の動作も、第１実施例と同様である。ここでは、強風を検知し警告が出されると、長大構造物にいる人へ強風が発生したことを通知して、屋外への移動などを規制する。 The operation of the strong wind monitoring apparatus in the third embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment. Here, when a strong wind is detected and a warning is issued, the person in the long structure is notified that the strong wind has occurred, and movement to the outside is restricted.
これらの実施例では、光ファイバケーブルに対して横風が吹くと、光ファイバケーブルに固定した抵抗力増幅装置により風に対する抵抗力が増し、確実に風力を捕らえることができるので、横風を確実に検出することができる。 In these embodiments, when a cross wind blows against the optical fiber cable, the resistance to the wind is increased by the resistance amplifying device fixed to the optical fiber cable, and the wind force can be reliably captured, so the cross wind is reliably detected. can do.
また、上記実施例では、風に対する抵抗力増幅装置として板状体を示したが、これに代えて、光ファイバケーブルのコアの周囲の被覆（クラッド）の厚みを増やすことで風に対する抵抗力を増加させるようにしてもよい。 Further, in the above embodiment, a plate-like body is shown as a wind resistance amplifying device, but instead, the wind resistance is increased by increasing the thickness of the coating (cladding) around the core of the optical fiber cable. You may make it increase.
このように、本発明によれば、鉄道、道路沿線や長大構造物の周りに柱を設けて、その柱にブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルを架設する簡単な構成で、強風の監視を行うことができる。 Thus, according to the present invention, it is possible to monitor strong winds with a simple configuration in which pillars are provided around railways, roadsides and long structures, and Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cables are installed on the pillars. it can.
なお、本発明の強風監視方法によれば、ブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルの横側からの横風に応答し、ブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルに沿った方向の風には応答しない、風向に対応した風速の計測を行うことができる。 According to the strong wind monitoring method of the present invention, the wind speed corresponding to the wind direction does not respond to the wind in the direction along the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable, but responds to the cross wind from the side of the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable. Can be measured.
また、ブリルアン散乱型ケーブルは数十ｋｍまでの測定が可能である。よって数駅領域毎に本発明の強風監視装置を設置すればよい。 The Brillouin scattering type cable can measure up to several tens of kilometers. Therefore, the strong wind monitoring device of the present invention may be installed every several station areas.
更に、従来の風速計のような可動部分がないので装置の故障が少ない。万が一、ブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルが切断しても散乱光を測定することによりその切断位置がすぐに特定できる。 Furthermore, since there are no moving parts like the conventional anemometer, there is little failure of the apparatus. Even if the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable is cut, the cutting position can be immediately identified by measuring the scattered light.
なお、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨に基づき種々の変形が可能であり、これらを本発明の範囲から排除するものではない。 In addition, this invention is not limited to the said Example, Based on the meaning of this invention, a various deformation | transformation is possible and these are not excluded from the scope of the present invention.
本発明の強風監視方法及び強風監視装置は、鉄道、道路沿線や長大構造物における強風監視に利用することができる。 The strong wind monitoring method and the strong wind monitoring apparatus of the present invention can be used for strong wind monitoring in railways, along roads, and long structures.
１，１６ 第１の変調光発生装置
２，１７ 第１の散乱光解析装置
３，１８ 第２の変調光発生装置
４，１９ 第２の散乱光解析装置
５，２０ コンピュータ
６，１４，２４，３３ ブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブル
７，１５，２５，３４ 風に対する抵抗力増幅装置
１１ レール
１２ 列車
１３ 電柱
２１ 吊り橋型の橋梁
２２ 吊り柱
２３ 吊りロープ
３１ 長大構造物
３２ 支持柱
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,16 1st modulated light generator 2,17 1st scattered light analyzer 3,18 2nd modulated light generator 4,19 2nd scattered light analyzer 5,20 Computer 6,14,24, 33 Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable 7, 15, 25, 34 Resistance amplifier for wind 11 Rail 12 Train 13 Electric pole 21 Suspension bridge type bridge 22 Suspension pillar 23 Suspension rope 31 Long structure 32 Support pillar
Claims (6)
（ａ）前記施設構造物の周りに複数の柱を設置し、
（ｂ）該複数の柱にブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルを架設し、
（ｃ）該ブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルの両端にそれぞれ変調光発生装置と散乱光解析装置を接続し、
（ｄ）前記施設構造物の全域に渡り風速を計測し、強風の監視を行うことを特徴とする強風監視方法。 A strong wind monitoring method for warning and regulating strong winds in facilities such as railways, roads, and long structures,
(A) installing a plurality of pillars around the facility structure;
(B) laying a Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable on the plurality of pillars;
(C) A modulated light generator and a scattered light analyzer are connected to both ends of the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable,
(D) A strong wind monitoring method characterized by measuring the wind speed over the entire area of the facility structure and monitoring the strong wind.
（ａ）前記施設構造物の周りに設置される複数の柱と、
（ｂ）該複数の柱の間に架設されるブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルと、
（ｃ）該ブリルアン散乱型光ファイバケーブルに接続される変調光発生装置及び散乱光解析装置とを備え、
（ｄ）前記施設構造物の全域に渡り風速を計測し、強風の監視を行うようにしたことを特徴とする強風監視装置。 A strong wind monitoring device that warns and regulates strong winds in facilities such as railways, roads, and long structures,
(A) a plurality of pillars installed around the facility structure;
(B) a Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable constructed between the plurality of pillars;
(C) a modulated light generator and a scattered light analyzer connected to the Brillouin scattering type optical fiber cable;
(D) A strong wind monitoring device characterized by measuring wind speed over the entire area of the facility structure and monitoring strong wind.
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