JP2008513071A - 空気流の加湿の度合いを調整するデバイスを備える加湿器 - Google Patents
空気流の加湿の度合いを調整するデバイスを備える加湿器 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
いくつかの実施形態によれば、調整された度合いの加湿(m)で空気が流れるマスクを提供する方法が提供される。該方法は、貯水槽内の水の表面と接触して循環する空気が湿気を帯びるように構成された貯水槽を提供することと、電流を循環させることによって貯水槽内の水を加熱する加熱デバイスを提供することと、加熱デバイスを通過する電流の平均強度(Iav)を計測することと、基準値(Iavc)に対して該平均強度(Iav)を制御し、周囲温度(Ta)とは独立した、空気の加湿(m)の度合いを取得することとを含み得る。
ユーザーによって選択される、加熱デバイスに供給される基準値(Pc)を格納すること、
加熱デバイスのための供給電圧のピーク値(Umax)を計測し、格納すること、
基準パワー(Pc)および供給電圧のピーク値(Umax)に基づいて、加熱デバイスを通過する電流の平均強度の基準値(Iavc)を計算し、該平均強度の該基準値(Iavc)を格納すること、
該加熱デバイスを通過する電流の平均強度(Iav)を計測し、格納することと、
該平均強度(Iav)の計測値と、該平均強度の基準値(Iavc)とを比較すること、および/あるいは、
所与の時間間隔の間に通過する半周期の数を制御することにより、該平均強度の計測値(Iav)と該平均強度の基準値(Iavc)との差を減少させること
を含み得る。
ユーザーが所望の基準パワー(Pc)を選択可能とする選択手段と、
前記加熱デバイスの供給電圧のピーク値(Umax)と、該加熱デバイスを通過する電流の平均強度(Iav)とを計測する手段と、
該基準パワー(Pc)と供給電圧のピーク値(Umax)とを格納するための手段と、
該供給電圧の基準パワー(Pc)とピーク値(Umax)とから該加熱デバイスを通過する電流の平均強度の基準値(Iavc)を計算する手段と、
該平均強度の基準値(Iavc)と該計測された平均強度(Iav)とを格納する方法と、
該平均強度の測定値(Iav)と基準値(Iavc)とを比較する手段と、および/あるいは、
該比較デバイスによって制御され、該加熱デバイスのパワー供給に従って動作することにより、該平均強度の計測値(Iav)と基準値(Iavc)との差を減少させる手段と
を含み得る。
加熱加湿器1が図1に示され、該加熱加湿器は、呼吸補助装置(不図示)とユーザー2との間に位置する。例えば、呼吸補助装置は、睡眠時無呼吸の症状の治療のための医療装置であり得、実験室あるいは自宅で使用され得る。
−温度 :+5℃から+35℃
−相対湿度:15%から95%で結露なし。
ここでは、
m=単位時間(g/s)ごとに転送される水の重さ
s=水/空気の交換面(m2)
Rw=425J/kg・K(水に関して一定)
h=水から空気への熱伝導係数(考慮されるシステムによる)
Cp=1008J/kg・K(水の比熱)
Le=0.846(Lewis定数)
n=3(係数、水の場合に経験的に決定される)
Ps(Ts)=611exp(17.27×Ts/(237.3+Ts))
(温度Tsでの水の飽和蒸気圧)
Ts=水の表面温度(℃)
Pv(Ta)=Ps(Ta)×HR
(周囲の温度および湿度での水の蒸気圧)
Ta=空気温度(℃)
HR=空気の相対湿度(0と1との間)
物質移動に干渉する要素、および物質移動の干渉に対する該要素の効果は以下の通りである。
−空気/水交換の表面S:
他の全ての条件、特に水と空気の温度が一定だとして、方程式1はm=cte×Sと等価である。加湿の度合いは、それゆえに、水/空気交換表面の線形関数である。
−水と空気との温度差異(Ts−Ta):
水と空気が同じ温度の場合、空気への水分子の移動が起き(自然対流)、これは空気の湿気の度合いのみに左右される。空気の相対湿度が100%未満の場合、この移動はゼロではない。
S=0.01m2 h=20
ρ=1.2g/L(空気の容積重量) Ta=25℃
ユーザーには、空気湿度の感覚は、水と空気との温度差異の線形関数と考えられることが認識される(相関係数R=0.952を伴った図2の曲線の線形関数)。
−周囲空気(HR)の湿度:
図3の曲線は、以下の値を用いて方程式1の計算によって得られた。
Ta=25℃ Ts=25,35,50,65℃
10%から90%まで変化するHR
加湿の度合いmは周囲空気の相対湿度の線形関数であることが認識される。
−空気流体(V,L/sで、一定で均一と考慮される)
方程式1は、静的方法で水分子の交換を記述する。しかし、加湿器において、周囲空気が加湿されたばかりの空気と入れ代わり、これによって静的ケースに関して加湿の度合いを増すように貯水槽は空気によって横断される。
Pはシステムに供給されるパワーであり、RthはK/Wで表された、システムの熱抵抗である。
これにより、パワー調整は、定数積(Ts−Ta)×Sが格納されるのを可能とする。
−XTとZTとの間:1(t)=0
「オルターネーション」という言葉は、シヌソイド信号の半周期、例えば、整流されたシヌソイド信号という意味として使われる。
原理的制御は、従って、以下となる。基準パワーPcは、ユーザーの好みに応じた加熱素子のユーザーによる調整により得られる。Iav(Iavc)の基準値は、それから、Umaxを知るシステムによって決定され得る。Pc、Iavc、およびUmaxの値はマイクロコントローラによってデジタル化される。
−加熱素子を通過する電流の値(Iav)を計測し、この値を以前計測した値に加え、
−プレート3の温度Tも計測し、この値を以前計測した値に加える。
−電流計測(全ての半周期)
−プレート温度の計測(全ての半周期)
−平均電流の計算(100の半周期ごと)
−ピークライン電圧の計算(100の半周期ごと)
−安全電流の計算(100の半周期ごと)
−平均電流の計算(100の半周期ごと)
−基準Pcの計測(100の半周期ごと)
−変数を更新すること(100の半周期ごと)
−平均電流と基準電流および安全電流との比較(100の半周期ごと)
開示された実施形態は詳細に記述されたが、様々な変形、代用、変更が、実施形態の精神と範囲から逸れることなくされ得ることが理解される。
Claims (13)
- 調整された度合いの加湿(m)で空気が流れるマスク(7)を提供する方法であって、
貯水槽内の水の表面と接触して循環する空気が湿気を帯びるように構成された貯水槽(4)を提供することと、
電流を循環させることによって該貯水槽内の水を加熱する加熱デバイス(3)を提供することと、
該加熱デバイスを通過する電流の平均強度(Iav)を計測することと、
基準値(Iavc)に対して該平均強度(Iav)を制御することにより、周囲温度(Ta)とは独立した、該空気の加湿(m)の度合いを取得することと
を含む、方法。 - 前記加熱デバイス(3)は、通過する半周期および0にブロックされる半周期を含む整流されたシヌソイド電流を供給され、
該方法はさらに、所与の時間間隔の間に通過する半周期の数を制御することにより、該加熱デバイスを通過する電流の平均強度(Iav)を調整することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 加熱デバイス(3)に供給される基準パワー(Pc)を格納することであって、
該基準パワー(Pc)はユーザー(2)によって選択されることと、
加熱デバイスのための供給電圧のピーク値(Umax)を計測し、格納することと、
該基準パワー(Pc)および供給電圧のピーク値(Umax)に基づいて、該加熱デバイスを通過する電流の平均強度の基準値(Iavc)を計算し、該平均強度の該基準値(Iavc)を格納することと、
該加熱デバイスを通過する電流の平均強度(Iav)を計測し、かつ、格納することと、
該平均強度(Iav)の計測された値と、該平均強度の基準値(Iavc)とを比較することと、
所与の時間間隔の間に通過する半周期の数を制御することにより、該平均強度の計測値(Iav)と平均強度の基準値(Iavc)との差を減少させることと
をさらに含む、請求項2に記載の方法。 - 貯水槽(4)に位置する水の表面と接触して循環し、マスク(7)を介してユーザー(2)に送られるように意図される空気の流れの加湿の度合いを調整する装置であって、該装置は、
電流を循環させることによって該水を熱するように動作可能な加熱デバイス(3)と、
該加熱デバイスを通過する電流の平均強度(Iav)を計測する手段と、
基準値(Iavc)に対して該平均強度(Iav)を調整する手段と
を含む、装置。 - 前記ライン電圧によって供給された電圧(10)の整流のための整流デバイス(11)と、
いくつかの半周期の電圧を0にブロックするように動作可能なブロッキングデバイスと
をさらに含み、
該整流およびブロッキングデバイスは、前記加熱デバイス(3)が、通過する半周期と0にブロックされる半周期とを含む、整流されたシヌソイド電流を供給されるように構成されている、請求項4に記載の装置。 - ユーザー(2)が所望の基準パワー(Pc)を選択可能とする選択手段(14)と、
前記加熱デバイス(3)の供給電圧のピーク値(Umax)と、加熱デバイスを通過する電流の平均強度(Iav)とを計測する手段と、
該基準パワー(Pc)と該供給電圧のピーク値(Umax)とを格納する手段と、
該基準パワー(Pc)と該供給電圧のピーク値(Umax)とから該加熱デバイスを通過する電流の平均強度の基準値(Iavc)を計算する手段と、
該平均強度の基準値(Iavc)と前記計測された平均強度(Iav)とを格納する手段と、
該平均強度の測定値(Iav)と該基準値(Iavc)を比較する手段と、
該比較デバイスによって制御され、該加熱デバイス(3)のパワー供給に従って作動することにより、前記平均強度の計測値(Iav)と基準値(Iavc)との差を減少させるように動作可能な手段と
をさらに含む、請求項4に記載の装置。 - 前記ライン電圧によって供給される前記電圧(10)の整流のための整流デバイス(11)と、
いくつかの前記半周期の電圧を0にブロックするように動作可能なブロッキングデバイスと
を含み、
該整流デバイスとブロッキングデバイスとは、前記加熱デバイス(3)が、通過する半周期と0にブロックされる半周期とを含む整流されたシヌソイド電流を供給され得るように構成されている、請求項6に記載の装置。 - 前記ブロッキングデバイスは、前記平均強度の計測値(Iav)と基準値(Iavc)との差の関数として、所与の時間間隔の間に0にブロックされた半周期の数を制御するように動作可能である、請求項7に記載の装置。
- 加熱加湿装置であって、
水を収容するように構成された貯水槽(4)と、
電流を循環させることによって該貯水槽内の水を加熱するように動作可能な加熱デバイス(3)と、
空気の流れが水の表面に接触するように循環し、湿気を含み得るように構成された空気インプットおよびアウトプット(5)と、
空気の流れの加湿の度合いを調整する制御デバイスと
を含む、装置。 - 前記制御デバイスは、
電流を循環させることによって前記水を加熱するように動作可能な加熱デバイス(3)と、
該加熱デバイスを通過する電流の平均強度(Iav)を計測する手段と、
基準値(Iavc)と比較して該平均強度(Iav)を調整する手段と
を含む、請求項9に記載の加熱加湿装置。 - 前記制御デバイスは、
ライン電圧によって供給される電圧(10)の整流のための整流デバイス(11)と、
いくつかの半周期の該電圧を0にブロックするように動作可能なブロッキングデバイスと
をさらに含み、
該整流デバイスとブロッキングデバイスとは、前記加熱デバイス(3)が、通過する半周期と0にブロックされる半周期とを含む整流されたシヌソイド電流を供給されるように構成されている、請求項10に記載の加熱加湿装置。 - 前記ブロッキングデバイスは、前記平均強度の計測値(Iav)と基準値(Iavc)との差の関数として、所与の時間間隔の間に、0にブロックされた半周期の数を制御するように動作可能である、請求項11に記載の加熱加湿装置。
- 前記制御デバイスは、
ユーザー(2)が所望の基準パワー(Pc)を選択可能とする選択手段(14)と、
前記加熱デバイス(3)の供給電圧のピーク値(Umax)と、前記加熱デバイスを通過する電流の平均強度(Iav)とを計測する手段と、
該基準パワー(Pc)と該供給電圧のピーク値(Umax)とを格納する手段と、
該基準パワー(Pc)と該ピーク値(Umax)とから該加熱デバイスを通過する電流の平均強度の基準値(Iavc)を計算する手段と、
該平均強度の前記基準値(Iavc)と該計測された平均強度(Iav)とを格納する手段と、
該平均強度の計測値(Iav)と基準値(Iavc)とを比較する手段と、
比較デバイスによって制御され、該加熱デバイス(3)のパワー供給に従って動作することにより、平均強度の計測値(Iav)と基準値(Iavc)との差を減少させるように構成された手段と
をさらに含む、請求項10に記載の加熱加湿装置。
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FR0452060A FR2875138B1 (fr) | 2004-09-15 | 2004-09-15 | Procede de regulation pour un humidificateur chauffant |
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JP2008513071A true JP2008513071A (ja) | 2008-05-01 |
JP4909898B2 JP4909898B2 (ja) | 2012-04-04 |
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US (1) | US9084865B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1796771B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4909898B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2005284307B2 (ja) |
FR (1) | FR2875138B1 (ja) |
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WO (1) | WO2006029876A1 (ja) |
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH1157009A (ja) * | 1997-06-17 | 1999-03-02 | Fisher & Paykel Ltd | 呼吸気加湿システム |
US6204623B1 (en) * | 1998-12-17 | 2001-03-20 | The Holmes Group, Inc. | Heater, humidifier or fan including a circuit for controlling the output thereof |
EP1197237A2 (de) * | 2000-10-10 | 2002-04-17 | Gottlieb Weinmann Geräte für Medizin und Arbeitsschutz GmbH + Co. | Vorrichtung zur Beatmung sowie Verfahren zur Steuerung |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009106748A (ja) * | 2007-10-29 | 2009-05-21 | Smiths Medical Asd Inc | 加熱された呼吸回路の検出 |
CN103338664A (zh) * | 2010-12-24 | 2013-10-02 | 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 | 具有用于处理液体基质消耗的装置的气雾剂产生系统 |
US9763476B2 (en) | 2010-12-24 | 2017-09-19 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Aerosol generating system having means for handling consumption of a liquid subtrate |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NZ553865A (en) | 2009-07-31 |
NZ578037A (en) | 2009-08-28 |
FR2875138A1 (fr) | 2006-03-17 |
EP1796771A1 (en) | 2007-06-20 |
US20070284361A1 (en) | 2007-12-13 |
WO2006029876A1 (en) | 2006-03-23 |
JP4909898B2 (ja) | 2012-04-04 |
AU2005284307B2 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
US9084865B2 (en) | 2015-07-21 |
EP1796771B1 (en) | 2015-12-23 |
AU2005284307A1 (en) | 2006-03-23 |
FR2875138B1 (fr) | 2008-07-11 |
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