JP2008139009A - Waste treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste treatment device with a front wall for increasing cooling effects on fire resistant casters and reducing melting damage to the fire resistant casters even when molten wastes are deposited thereon. <P>SOLUTION: The waste treatment device comprises a rotary kiln type melting furnace for giving high-temperature melting treatment to wastes. The front wall 14 is arranged at the base end of the melting furnace. The front wall 14 consists of the fire resistant casters 22 arranged at the base end of the melting furnace rotatably relative to the melting furnace, a cooling jacket 21 arranged behind the fire resistant casters 22, and a caster supporting frame 23 formed on the front face of the cooling jacket 21 to form a space for placing the fire resistant casters 22. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a waste processing apparatus that incinerates or incinerates and melts waste including scraps that are traded as valuable materials, for example.

  High-temperature processing by melting furnaces has been evaluated as an effective method for processing industrial waste including scraps that are traded as valuable materials, and waste processing equipment already equipped with various melting furnaces has been provided and used. Yes. In this melting treatment, industrial waste containing metals such as automobile shredder dust and waste home appliances is melted at high temperature to form slag. The obtained slag contains useful or expensive metals such as iron (Fe), copper (Cu), gold (Au), silver (Ag), etc. The metal is recovered.

  As such a waste treatment apparatus, there is a waste treatment apparatus including a rotary kiln type melting furnace. This waste treatment device gasifies incombustible materials such as urethane by gasifying combustible materials such as urethane among the waste materials carried in from the waste wall inlet of the front wall provided at the base end of the rotary kiln type melting furnace. Melt into molten slag. The molten slag formed here is discharged from the outlet of the melting furnace, cooled with water by a slag cooling device and crushed to produce a crushed lump. On the other hand, the generated gas is burned to a high temperature in the secondary combustion chamber, and malodorous substances are decomposed and discharged from the secondary combustion chamber. Then, it is discharged into the atmosphere through a heat exchange process, a quench process, a dust / toxic gas removal process, and the like.

  Here, in order to burn or melt the waste, combustion air is blown onto the waste from the base end side of the melting furnace. The combustion air is blown by sending air from the outside of the melting furnace through a combustion air supply port formed on a front wall provided at the base end of the melting furnace. The front wall is composed of a combustion hood in which the base end of the melting furnace is hermetically sealed, a heat insulating caster provided on the inner surface of the combustion hood, and a refractory caster provided on the front surface of the heat insulating caster. Yes. Here, the thickness of the heat insulating caster is, for example, 650 mm, and the thickness of the refractory caster is, for example, 350 mm.

Generally, it is known that the front wall of a melting furnace accumulates the combustion heat of waste in the melting furnace, and the lower the heat dissipated from the front wall, the better the combustibility. However, when processing waste with high volatile carbon content such as waste plastic and automobile shredder dust in kiln incineration / melting furnaces for general and industrial waste, it is put into the furnace. The raw material is instantly volatilized and reacts with combustion air. Therefore, the front wall surface has a high temperature atmosphere of about 1500 ° C. to 1600 ° C. In addition, a part of the combustion air blown through the combustion air supply port blows back to the front wall side, and the floating unburned waste is heated to become a melt and adhere to the refractory caster. Refractory casters may melt. In addition, the life of the refractory caster is shortened as the refractory caster breaks down.
On the other hand, there has been proposed a method of cooling the refractory caster by forming a cooling pipe for cooling the refractory caster and the heat insulating caster in the front wall, and introducing and circulating a coolant such as cooling water and cooling gas in the cooling pipe. (For example, refer to Patent Documents 1 to 3).
JP 2001-280852 A JP 2000-274950 A JP 2001-227721 A

  However, the conventional waste treatment apparatus has the following problems. That is, since the refractory caster is disposed inward of the melting furnace rather than the heat insulating caster, there is a problem that the refractory caster is hardly cooled by the heat insulating property of the heat insulating caster and is kept at a high temperature. In addition, when the refractory caster is melted by the attached melt, there is a problem that the heat insulating caster provided inside the refractory caster tends to collapse.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and is a waste treatment apparatus including a front wall that increases the cooling effect on the refractory casters and reduces the refractory damage of the refractory casters even when molten waste adheres. The purpose is to provide.

  The present invention employs the following configuration in order to solve the above problems. That is, the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention includes a rotary kiln-type melting furnace that melts waste at a high temperature, and the front wall is disposed at the proximal end of the melting furnace. A refractory caster disposed at a proximal end of the melting furnace so as to be rotatable relative to the melting furnace, a cooling jacket disposed at the rear of the refractory caster, and formed on a front surface of the cooling jacket to form the refractory caster. And a caster support frame that forms a casting space for casting the caster.

According to the present invention, the refractory caster is placed in the placement space formed by the caster support frame, and is cooled more efficiently than the provision of the heat insulating caster. Thereby, it is suppressed that the heat from the inside of a melting furnace is transmitted with high temperature with respect to the outside of a melting furnace, without providing a heat insulation caster. Therefore, the thickness of the entire front wall can be reduced. Moreover, even if a melt adheres to the refractory caster, the reaction between the refractory caster and the adhering melt can be reduced. Therefore, the durability of the front wall is improved.
In the present invention, the waste refers to, for example, circuit boards, coils, capacitors, CPU (central processing unit), electronic equipment / household appliance parts such as flexible boards, waste plating solution neutralized sludges, Films and photographic papers such as X-ray film, plate making film, photographic film, photographic paper, automobile shredder dust, home appliance shredder dust, coated copper wire / harness, burned metal-containing silver and copper scrap, PDP (Plasma Display) Panel (Plasma Display) This refers to waste including scraps that are traded as valuables, such as flammable glass such as panels, liquid crystal panels, and solar panels.

In the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the caster support frame form a plurality of the placement spaces.
According to the present invention, by forming a plurality of placement spaces by the caster support frame, the contact area between the support frame and the refractory caster is increased, and the distance between the caster support frame and the refractory caster is short. As a result, the refractory caster can be efficiently cooled. Further, even if the refractory caster is melted or collapsed by the adhered melt or the like, it is possible to suppress the influence of the refractory caster placed in other surrounding placement spaces. Therefore, it becomes easy to repair the front wall when the refractory caster melts or collapses.

In the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the caster support frame form a placement space having a bottom surface of 2 m ² or less and a depth of 150 mm to 300 mm.
According to this invention, by making the bottom surface 2 m ² or less, the refractory caster can be cooled sufficiently efficiently, and the refractory casters in other surrounding placement spaces are less likely to be affected by melting and collapsing. it can. And by setting the depth to 150 mm or more and 300 mm or less, the fire resistance of the front wall can be maintained while reducing the thickness of the front wall.

  According to the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, the heat of the refractory caster is prevented from being transferred to the outside of the melting furnace at a high temperature by the water cooling jacket, and it is not necessary to provide a heat resistant caster, thereby reducing the thickness of the front wall. Can do. Moreover, the reaction between the refractory caster and the adhering melt can be reduced to improve the durability of the front wall.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the waste treatment apparatus 1 according to this embodiment includes a rotary kiln-type melting furnace (hereinafter abbreviated as a melting furnace) 2 that performs high-temperature melting processing on the waste W, and the waste W in the melting furnace 2. A carry-in part 3 for introduction, a secondary combustion chamber 4 into which exhaust gas discharged from the melting furnace 2 is introduced, and a slag cooling device 5 for forming a crushed mass from the fluid F generated in the melting furnace 2; It has. Here, the waste W is not limited to the waste to be treated, but for example, electronic equipment / home appliance parts such as circuit boards, coils, capacitors, CPUs, flexible boards, and waste plating solution neutralized sludge. , X-ray film, plate-making film, photographic film, photographic paper, film and photographic paper, automobile shredder dust, home appliance shredder dust, coated copper wire / harnesses, combustible metal-containing silver and copper scrap, PDP panel Scraps that are traded as valuables, such as glass with flammables such as LCD panels and solar panels.

The melting furnace 2 includes a cylindrical body portion 13 disposed so as to be inclined downward from the base end 11 toward the open end 12, and a front wall 14 disposed on the base end 11 and connected to the carry-in portion 3. And.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the front wall 14 is provided on the inner surface of the water cooling jacket (cooling jacket) 21 covering the opening of the base end 11 of the body portion 13 and the water cooling jacket 21, and the high temperature inside the melting furnace 2. And a fire-resistant caster 22 that protects the water-cooled jacket 21 from the combustion heat.

The water cooling jacket 21 is integrally provided with a caster support frame 23 for placing a refractory caster 22 on one surface inside the melting furnace 2. The caster support frame 23 forms a plurality of placement spaces for placing the refractory casters 22. The casting space formed by the caster support frame 23 has a bottom surface of 2 m ² or less and a depth of 150 mm or more and 300 mm or less.
In addition, a flow path 24 through which cooling water used as a refrigerant for cooling the refractory casters 22 is formed inside the water cooling jacket 21. Cooling water is introduced into the flow path 24 from the inlet 25 and discharged from the outlet 26, and the cooling water is circulated by a pump or the like provided outside the melting furnace 2.

In addition, a waste carry-in port 31 for carrying waste W from the carry-in part 3 and a combustion air outlet 32 for sending combustion air into the body part 13 are formed on the front wall 14 via a refractory caster 22. The 1st burner 33 which burns the waste W with the combustion air is provided.
The refractory caster 22 is made of a castable refractory, and has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the body portion 13. A gap 34 is formed between the refractory caster 22 and the body portion 13 to supply combustion air into the body portion 13, similarly to the combustion air outlet 32.

  The trunk portion 13 has an inner peripheral diameter of about 5 m, and the inner wall is covered with a refractory brick 41 made of alumina / chromia brick. The body portion 13 is configured such that the body portion 13 rotates about the central axis O of the body portion 13 as a rotation axis by a rotation mechanism (not shown).

  The secondary combustion chamber 4 is an upright cylinder, and a discharge port 42 for discharging the fluid F to the slag cooling device 5 is provided at the lower end portion. Further, in the secondary combustion chamber 4, an opening 43 that receives the open end 12 of the melting furnace 2 is formed in the tube wall above the discharge port 42. An exhaust port 44 connected to an exhaust gas aftertreatment device (not shown) is provided at the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber 4 via a duct (not shown). Further, a second burner (not shown) for heating the inside of the secondary combustion chamber 4 is provided.

  The slag cooling device 5 has a water tank inside, and is configured to cool the fluid F flowing in from the discharge port 42 and crush it to form a crushed mass.

Next, a waste processing method by the waste processing apparatus 1 will be described.
First, cooling water is circulated in the flow path 24. And the trunk | drum 13 of the melting furnace 2 is rotated, the 1st burner 23 is ignited, and the inside of the trunk | drum 13 is heated to suitable temperature of 1400 degrees C or less, for example, 1350 degreeC. Further, combustion air is blown out from the air fan into the body portion 13 through the combustion air outlet 32 and the gap 34. Then, the second burner is ignited to heat the inside of the secondary combustion chamber 4.

Next, the waste W is transported to the base end 11 of the melting furnace 2 by the carry-in part 3 and introduced into the body part 13 from the waste carry-in port 31.
The waste W introduced into the melting furnace 2 is gasified by decomposing combustibles in a high-temperature furnace, and a non-combustible substance containing a metal is a molten or semi-molten fluid F in the melting furnace 2. It becomes.
At this time, the surface temperature of the front wall 14 is about 1500 ° C. to 1600 ° C. Further, when a part of the blown combustion air blows back to the front wall 14 side, the unburned waste W may be floated and heated to melt and adhere to the refractory casters 22. Here, the cooling jacket 21 absorbs the heat of the refractory casters 22 via the caster support frame 23 and cools the caster support frame 23. This prevents the refractory caster 22 from being kept in a high temperature state and prevents the heat in the melting furnace 2 from being transferred to the outside of the melting furnace 2 at a high temperature. Further, the reaction between the adhered melt and the refractory caster 22 is suppressed, and the refractory damage of the refractory caster 22 is reduced.

The generated gas component is sent from the open end 12 of the melting furnace 2 to the secondary combustion chamber 4. The gas sent to the secondary combustion chamber 4 is further supplied with hot air and air from the second burner in the secondary combustion chamber 4 and burned to a high temperature. As a result, malodorous substances and the like are decomposed and discharged as a combustion gas from the discharge port 44 toward the post-treatment process.
Further, the fluid F formed in the melting furnace 2 flows down from the open end 12 of the melting furnace 2 while flowing along the inclination of the trunk portion 13, and is cooled and crushed by the slag cooling device 5. Thereby, a crush is formed. The obtained crush is separated into a metal crush and a slag crush using, for example, a magnetic separation apparatus.

As described above, according to the waste treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the water cooling jacket 21 efficiently cools the refractory caster 22 through the caster support frame 23, so that the inside of the melting furnace 2 is out of the melting furnace 2. There is no need to provide a heat-resistant caster to block heat. Thereby, the thickness of the front wall 14 can be reduced. Moreover, the reaction between the refractory casters 22 and the adhered melt can be reduced, and the durability of the front wall 14 can be improved.
Here, since a plurality of placement spaces are formed by the caster support frame 23, the contact area between the caster support frame 23 and the refractory caster 22 is increased, and the refractory caster 22 can be cooled more efficiently. Furthermore, even when the refractory caster 22 collapses, it is possible to prevent the influence of the collapse from being exerted on the refractory caster 22 placed in another placement space, and to easily repair the front wall 14. .

In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various change can be added in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of this invention.
For example, in the above embodiment, the water cooling jacket is hollow and the flow path is formed, but a meandering flow path may be formed, or the flow path may be formed by providing a cooling pipe inside the water cooling jacket. Good.
Moreover, you may form the flow path which distribute | circulates a cooling water inside a caster support frame. By doing in this way, a refractory caster can be cooled more efficiently.
Moreover, although the refractory caster is cooled by a water cooling jacket using cooling water as a refrigerant, the refrigerant used is not limited to cooling water but may be other liquids or gases.
Moreover, you may be comprised by a member different from a cooling jacket caster support frame.
Moreover, it is preferable that the bottom face of the placement space formed by the caster support frame body is 0.14 m ² or more. Thereby, the heat resistance of the front wall can be maintained.
Moreover, inter-hit設空, the bottom surface may be less than 0.14 m ^2, or may be greater than 2m ^2. Moreover, the depth may be larger than 300 mm.
Moreover, the placement space formed by the caster support frame does not have to be divided.
Moreover, it is good also as a structure which arrange | positions a brick with a caster in placement space.

It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the waste disposal apparatus in one Embodiment of this invention. It is AA arrow sectional drawing of FIG. It is a BB arrow sectional view of Drawing 2.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste disposal apparatus 2 Rotary kiln type melting furnace 14 Front wall 21 Water cooling jacket (cooling jacket)
22 Refractory caster 23 Caster support frame W Waste

Claims (3)

Equipped with a rotary kiln-type melting furnace for high-temperature melting treatment of waste,
In a waste treatment apparatus in which a front wall is disposed at the proximal end of the melting furnace,
The front wall has a refractory caster disposed at a proximal end of the melting furnace so as to be rotatable relative to the melting furnace, a cooling jacket disposed behind the refractory caster, and a front surface of the cooling jacket. A waste treatment apparatus comprising: a caster support frame formed to form a placement space for placing the fireproof caster.   The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the caster support frame forms a plurality of the placement spaces. The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the caster support frame forms a placement space having a bottom surface of 2 m ² or less and a depth of 150 mm to 300 mm.

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