JP2008178298A - Greenhouse heating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a greenhouse heating apparatus cleanly heating the inside of a greenhouse having a double-wall structure via radiation heat from a heating pipe and heating an intermediate layer between the inner chamber of the greenhouse and outer air through leading exhaust heat to the outside of the double wall structure to heighten heating effect so as to reduce running costs. <P>SOLUTION: The greenhouse heating apparatus is structured as follows: the greenhouse 1 is provided with an openable shielding device 3 separating an inner chamber (A) covering culture media G from an outer chamber B at the outside of the inner chamber, and a heating pipe 11 heating the inside of the inner chamber (A) through making a gas heating medium circulate in the inner chamber (A); and the end of the heating pipe opens to the outer chamber B so as to introduce the heating medium into the outer chamber B. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a greenhouse heating device.

As a means of efficiently heating the inside of the greenhouse, air is blown from the air duct arranged in the upper part of the greenhouse toward the cultivated crop below, and the medium is heated by circulating a heat medium through the medium pipe embedded in the medium. In addition to the above-described warm air and the heat medium circulated through the culture medium pipe, the waste heat from other facilities can be used in addition to the one that is extracted from a common heat source generator (see, for example, Patent Document 1) and the heating device dedicated to the greenhouse. A waste heat heating apparatus to be used is provided in parallel, and the waste heat heating apparatus is preferentially used (for example, see Patent Document 1).
JP 2006-325516 A JP 2006-204161 A

  However, in the conventional heating apparatus as described above, the amount of heat dissipated from the outer wall of the greenhouse is large at night in a cold district or the like, which causes the running cost to rise.

  In view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional technology, the present invention has a double-wall structure inside the greenhouse, and the inside can be heated cleanly by the radiant heat of the heating pipe, and the exhaust heat is led to the outside. Thus, an object of the present invention is to provide a heating apparatus for a greenhouse that can increase the heating effect and reduce the running cost by heating an intermediate layer between the inner room and the outside air.

According to the present invention, the above problem is solved as follows.
(1) In the greenhouse, an openable / closable shielding device for partitioning the inner chamber covering the medium and the outer chamber outside thereof is provided, and the inner chamber is heated by circulating a gas as a heat medium in the inner chamber. A heating pipe is provided, and a terminal of the heating pipe is opened to the outer chamber so that the heat medium can be introduced into the outer chamber.

(2) In the above item (1), a damper that selectively guides the heat medium to the outside room and the outside of the greenhouse is provided at the end of the heating pipe.

(3) In the above item (1) or (2), the base end of the heating pipe is connected to a hot air generator, and the heat medium is hot air generated from the hot air generator.

(4) In the above item (3), the hot air generator is a kerosene combustion type that burns kerosene and uses the combustion gas as hot air.

(5) In the above item (3) or (4), an outside air temperature sensor that measures the outside air temperature, a room temperature sensor that measures the temperature inside the room, and the outside air temperature sensor and the room temperature sensor connected to each of the sensors. And a control device that controls to close the shielding device and operate the hot air generator when a temperature lower than a preset temperature is detected.

(6) In the above item (5), a sunshine sensor is connected to the control device, the control device detects that the sunshine sensor is at night, and the outside air temperature sensor and the room temperature sensor each set a predetermined temperature for each. When a lower temperature is detected, the shielding device is closed and the hot air generator is operated.

According to the present invention, the following effects can be achieved.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, by operating the heating device in a state where the inside of the greenhouse is partitioned into the inner chamber and the outer chamber by the shielding device, the inner chamber is radiated by the radiant heat of the heating pipe through which the heat medium flows. The air as a heat medium exhausted from the terminal of the heating pipe is introduced into the outer chamber and the outer chamber is warmed by exhaust heat, so that the warm air in the inner chamber is heated by the outside air. It is no longer cooled directly, increasing the heating effect and reducing the running cost.

  According to the invention of claim 2, when it is desired to cleanly heat the entire greenhouse with the shielding device opened, all the heat medium is discharged outside the greenhouse by switching the damper, and the entire greenhouse is kept clean. be able to. Further, if this damper is of a type that can adjust the amount of the heat medium guided to the outer chamber, excess heat medium can be discharged outside the greenhouse.

  According to invention of Claim 3, since the warm air which generate | occur | produces from a warm air generator is used as a heat carrier, the whole greenhouse can be heated cleanly.

  According to the invention described in claim 4, since the hot air generator is of a kerosene combustion type that burns kerosene and uses the combustion gas as hot air, the running cost can be reduced and the kerosene combustion The carbon dioxide gas sometimes generated can also be used for plant growth.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, when the outside air temperature and the room temperature sensor are lowered to a temperature lower than a preset temperature by the outside air temperature sensor, the room temperature sensor, and the control device, the shielding device is automatically closed and The wind generator can be actuated to achieve proper heating.

  According to the invention described in claim 6, since the sunshine sensor is introduced and controlled as one of the control factors, the operation of the hot air generator with the shielding device closed is limited to nighttime only. Can effectively utilize solar energy in the daytime with sunlight.

1 and 2 illustrate a greenhouse comprising an embodiment of the present invention. Note that the lower left in FIG. 1 is the front, and the upper right is the rear.
The greenhouse 1 has a gable-shaped roof whose ridgeline faces in the front-rear direction, and a sash frame that is framed to form the outer shape of the building, and a transparent glass or a transparent vinyl sheet that is stretched between the sash frames. A building housing 2 composed of a translucent member, and an openable / closable shielding device 3 for partitioning the inside of the greenhouse 1 from the inner chamber A covering the medium G and the outer chamber B outside the medium G. Plants can be planted on greenhouses that have been cultivated in the greenhouse and can be grown in greenhouses. In addition, a skylight 4 is provided on the ceiling of the building housing 2 so as to be openable and closable. The skylight 4 is opened and fresh outside air is taken into the greenhouse 1 during a time when the outside air temperature is relatively high such as during the daytime. I am doing so.

  A warm air generator 5 for heating is disposed on the outside of one end in the longitudinal direction of the building housing 2 so as to be adjacent thereto. The hot air generator 5 is a kerosene combustion type that burns kerosene and uses the combustion gas as hot air, a main body 6, a kerosene tank 7 connected to one side of the main body 6, and a main body The burner 8 connected to the other side of the main body 6, the chimney 9 for initial exhaust provided at the top of the main body 6, and the combustion gas provided at the base of the chimney 9 and generated from the main body 6 Damper 10 that selectively switches between the side of the greenhouse 1 and the side of the greenhouse 1, and the heating that is connected to the outlet of the damper 1 on the side of the greenhouse 1 and that is branched and disposed on both sides of the interior room A of the greenhouse 1 And a forced circulation fan 12 provided at the base of each branch portion of the heating pipe 11.

  The heating pipe 11 is such that the combustion gas generated from the main body 6 circulates as a heat medium, the surface is heated, and the inside of the inner chamber A is heated by the radiant heat. In the illustrated example, One pair is arranged on both sides of the medium G in the inner chamber A. For example, they are arranged so as to meander along the basket, embedded in the basket, or 3 It can also be arranged so as to be branched beyond the branches.

  The pair of heating pipes 11 exiting the inner chamber A rises in the outer chamber B at the side end of the greenhouse 1 and the upper ends are bent inward from each other.

As shown in FIG. 2, the shielding device 3 is configured to guide the shielding curtain 3 a wound around a pair of winding shafts 13, 13 disposed at both lower portions in the greenhouse 1, as guide rollers 14, 15. Then, the guide curtains are guided so as to be pulled out in an inverted L shape when viewed from the front and then inward, and the shielding curtains 3a are wound around the wires 16 fixed to the tips of the shielding curtains 3a. It winds up with the winding shaft 17 arrange | positioned in the side part in the inner chamber A on the opposite side to the winding shaft 13 which exists.
Each shielding curtain 3a is preferably formed of a heat-shielding transparent vinyl sheet, canvas, cloth or the like.

  As with the shielding curtain 3a, the wire 16 is guided by the guide rollers 18 and 19 serving as guide means so that the wire 16 is pulled out in an inverted L-shape when viewed from the front and then inward from the winding shaft 17. Has been.

  The winding shaft 17 for winding the wire 16 adjacent to the left and right and the winding shaft 13 for winding the shielding curtain 3a are synchronized with each other when the endless belt 20 that is a winding interlocking unit is wound around. Linked.

  Therefore, by rotating one of the winding shafts 17 (or the winding shaft 13) in one predetermined direction by the motor 21, the left and right winding shafts 17 and 17 are rotated synchronously. Both wires 16 are wound up synchronously, whereby the shielding curtains 3a and 3a are unwound from the right and left winding shafts 13 so that both ends are mutually aligned at the upper center in the greenhouse 1 as shown in FIG. It is closed up to the close position where it is superposed and close.

In this state, both side surfaces and the upper surface of the inner chamber A are closed.
Note that the front and rear end faces of the inner chamber A are always closed with a translucent vinyl sheet or the like.

  When the motor 21 is rotated in the reverse direction and any one of the winding shafts 17 is rotated in the direction opposite to the above, the left and right shielding curtains 3a and 3a are moved to both the winding shafts 13 and 13 by the reverse operation. The shield device 3 is wound up (the opened state is not shown).

  The terminal portions of the left and right heating pipes 11, 11 pass through the inward pipe 22 that guides the sent combustion gas to the upper part of the outer chamber B and the wall surface of the building housing 2, and the combustion gas is sent to the greenhouse. 1 is provided with a damper 24 with an actuator, which is selectively supplied to the outward piping 23 leading outside.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the damper 24 is coupled to a housing 24 a connected to the tip of the heating pipe 11 and an actuator (or a manual operation handle) including a drive servo motor (or electromagnetic solenoid). And a damper plate 24b rotatably provided in the housing 24a, and the damper plate 24b removes the combustion gas as shown in FIG. FIG. 3B shows a first switching position for releasing the combustion gas into the outer chamber B through the inward piping 22, and a second switching position for discharging the combustion gas into the outer chamber B through the inward piping 22, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3 (c), it is switched to either an intermediate switching position in which the combustion gas is distributed at an appropriate ratio and supplied to both the inward piping 22 and the outward piping 23.

  The motor 21, the damper 24, the hot air generator 5 and the like in the shielding device 3 are individually driven by a manual operation such as a push button switch, and are automatically controlled by a control device 25 as shown in FIG. It is preferable to do so.

  The control device 25 includes an outside air temperature sensor 26 that measures the outside air temperature, a room temperature sensor 27 that measures the temperature in the inside room A, a sunshine sensor 28, the motor 21, the damper 24, and the temperature in the shielding device 3 described above. As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 5, each connected to the wind generator 5 detects that the sunshine sensor 28 is at night (ST1), and the outside air temperature sensor 26 and the room temperature sensor 27 are set in advance for each. When a temperature lower than the temperature is detected (ST2, ST3), the motor 21 is rotated forward, the shielding device 3 is closed (ST4), and the damper 24 is automatically switched to the second switching position shown in FIG. (ST5) and the warm air generator 5 is operated (ST6).

By the operation of the control device 25, the combustion gas generated from the hot air generator 5 is supplied to the heating pipe 11 as a heat medium in a state where the shielding device 3 is closed, and the inside of the inner chamber A is for heating. The combustion gas is heated in a clean state by the radiant heat of the pipe 11, and the combustion gas emitted from the tip of the heating pipe 11 is introduced into the outer chamber B through the damper 24 and the inward piping 22, and this combustion gas The outer chamber B is warmed by the remaining heat.
Therefore, the warm air in the inner chamber A is not directly cooled by the outside air, and the heating effect can be enhanced and the running cost can be reduced.

  Combustion gas introduced into the outer chamber B is released to the outside through the skylight 4 and other gaps. However, if the airtightness of the building housing 2 is high, the damper 24 is interlocked with switching to the second switching position. The skylight 4 may be automatically opened, or an exhaust fan (not shown) provided in the building housing 2 may be operated.

  In addition, incomplete combustion gas is generated at the initial stage of the operation of the hot air generator 5, but the damper 10 is switched so that only the combustion gas is exhausted outside from the chimney 9 only at that time. Alternatively, all of the incompletely combusted combustion gas is supplied to the heating pipe 11, and the damper 24 is switched to the first switching position only in the initial stage of the operation of the hot air generator 5, and passes through the heating pipe 11. It is preferable to exhaust all the incomplete combustion combustion gas to the outside through the outward piping 23.

  During the stable operation of the hot air generator 5, the combustion gas contains a small amount of carbon dioxide gas that does not affect the human body. This carbon dioxide gas is contained in the inner chamber B because the shielding device 3 is closed. There is little risk of leaking into the inside, and even if it leaks, it may promote plant growth, but it will not be harmful.

In addition, this invention is not restrict | limited only to said embodiment, Implementation in the modified aspect is possible in the range which does not deviate from a claim.
For example, the sunshine sensor 28 may be omitted, or the control device 25 itself may be omitted, and all operations may be performed manually.
The hot air generator 5 can be of a type that burns fuel gas or heavy oil and uses the combustion gas as hot air (in the case of heavy oil combustion type, a purification device for combustion gas is provided in parallel. Is preferred).
Further, the heat medium supplied to the heating pipe 11 is not limited to the combustion gas generated from the hot air generator 5, and can be, for example, steam generated from a boiler or other high-temperature gas.
Furthermore, the opening / closing mechanism of the shielding curtain 3a in the shielding device 3 may have any structure.

It is an external appearance perspective view of a greenhouse provided with one embodiment of the present invention. Similarly, it is a schematic longitudinal front view. (a)-(c) is a cross-sectional top view which shows the switching state from which a damper differs. It is explanatory drawing which shows a control apparatus and its connection relation. It is a flowchart which shows a control aspect.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Greenhouse 2 Building housing 3 Shielding device 3a Shielding curtain 4 Skylight 5 Hot air generator 6 Main part 7 Kerosene tank 8 Burner 9 Chimney 10 Damper 11 Heating pipe 12 Fan 13 Winding shaft 14, 15 Guide roller 16 Wire 17 Winding Shafts 18, 19 Guide rollers 20 Endless belt 21 Motor 22 Inward piping 23 Outward piping 24 Damper 24a Housing 24b Damper plate 25 Controller 26 Outside air temperature sensor 27 Room temperature sensor 28 Sunlight sensor A Inner room B Outer room G Medium

Claims (6)

  In the greenhouse, an openable / closable shielding device is provided for partitioning the inner chamber covering the culture medium and the outer chamber outside thereof, and the inner chamber is heated by circulating a gas as a heat medium in the inner chamber. A greenhouse heating device characterized in that a pipe is provided, a terminal of the heating pipe is opened to the outer chamber, and the heat medium can be introduced into the outer chamber.   The greenhouse heating device according to claim 1, wherein a damper for selectively guiding the heat medium to the outside room and the outside of the greenhouse is provided at a terminal portion of the heating pipe.   The greenhouse heating device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a base end of the heating pipe is connected to a hot air generator, and the heat medium is hot air generated from the hot air generator.   The greenhouse heating apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the warm air generator is a kerosene combustion type that burns kerosene and uses the combustion gas as warm air.   An outside air temperature sensor that measures the outside air temperature, a room temperature sensor that measures the temperature inside the room, and the outside air temperature sensor and the room temperature sensor that are connected to each of the sensors detect a temperature lower than a preset temperature. The greenhouse heating device according to claim 3 or 4, further comprising a control device for closing the shielding device and controlling the hot air generating device to operate.   When a sunshine sensor is connected to the control device, the control device detects that the sunshine sensor is at night, and when the outside air temperature sensor and the room temperature sensor detect a temperature lower than a preset temperature for each, the shielding device The greenhouse heating device according to claim 5, wherein the control is performed so that the warm air generating device is operated while closing the hot air.

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