JP2008156925A - Buffering unit and impact receiving structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a buffering unit, coping with impact two or more times, having flexibility, and efficiently absorbing impact, and an impact receiving structure. <P>SOLUTION: A rubber-like elastic body 20 includes a first narrow step part 32, a central part 36 and a second narrow step part 34. The first narrow step part 32 is constructed by a step, the board surface of which is retreated inward in the direction of board thickness, and the thickness in the direction along an impact receiving surface 22F is set to W1. The second step part 34 is constructed by a step, whose board surface on the opposite side to the first narrow step part 32 is retreated inward in the direction of board thickness, and the thickness along the direction of the impact receiving surface 22F is set to W2. The central part 36 is disposed between the first narrow step part 32 and the second narrow step part 34, and the thickness in the direction along the impact receiving surface 22F is set to W3. A step wall 30A is constructed in a boundary part between the first narrow step part 32 and the central part 36, and a step wall 30B is constructed in a boundary part between the second narrow step part 34 and the central part 36. The relationship between the respective parts in thickness W1-W3 is expressed by W1=W2<W3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a buffer unit for buffering an impact caused by a collision of a structure such as a bridge, and an impact receiving structure including the buffer unit.

  Various technologies have been proposed for cushioning materials for cushioning impacts caused by collisions between bridges and other structures.

  For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses an impact absorber that absorbs an impact by placing it on a joint of a bridge upper work or an upper work and a fall prevention wall. However, since the shock absorber described in Patent Document 1 is plastically deformed, there arises a problem that the subsequent shock cannot be sufficiently absorbed when there is a continuous collision several times.

Patent Document 2 discloses a support member having a V-shaped cross section. However, since it is constrained by a cloth-like body, it cannot follow the deformation, and in particular, a large deformation as expected for rubber. The resilience against is not expected.
Japanese Patent No. 3437089 JP-A-9-316825

  In view of the above-mentioned facts, the present invention has an object to obtain a shock-absorbing structure and a shock-absorbing structure that can deal with a plurality of impacts, have versatility, and can efficiently absorb the impact. .

  The shock-absorbing unit according to claim 1 of the present invention has an impact receiving portion having an impact receiving surface that receives an impact caused by a collision of a structure, and a rectangular plate shape, and the impact receiving portion and the structure And a plurality of rubber-like elastic bodies that are inclined with respect to an orthogonal direction orthogonal to the receiving surface, and the rubber-like elastic body is provided on one side of the receiving portion side. A first narrow-width step portion configured with a step whose plate surface is retracted inward in the thickness direction, and a second narrow portion configured with a step where the other plate surface on the structure side is retracted inward in the thickness direction. A width step, and a central portion that is disposed between the first narrow step and the second narrow step and has a thickness greater than that of the first narrow step and the second narrow step. It is characterized by including.

  The buffer unit of the present invention includes a plurality of rubber-like elastic bodies. The rubber-like elastic body here includes rubber and a rubber-like elastic body. Each rubber-like elastic body is arranged on the side opposite to the impact receiving side of the impact receiving portion. The rubber-like elastic body may be configured integrally with the impact receiving portion, or may be configured separately and attached to the impact receiving portion by screwing or the like. When a structure collides with the impact receiving portion, each rubber-like elastic body receives an impact, undergoes bending deformation and viscoelastic deformation, and absorbs the impact. The bending deformation here also includes buckling deformation, and each rubber-like elastic body is restored by a restoring force after bending deformation and viscoelastic deformation.

  The rubber-like elastic body of the present invention has a rectangular plate shape and is inclined with respect to an orthogonal direction orthogonal to the impact receiving surface. The inclination direction here may be an inclination such that the receiving member side of the rubber-like elastic body is disposed inside the receiving surface, or may be an inverse inclination thereof. Moreover, the rectangular plate shape here should just be a substantially rectangular plate shape when the rubber-like elastic body is seen as a whole.

  And the 1st narrow step part comprised by the level | step difference by which one board surface by the side of an impact part was evacuated inside thickness direction, and the other board surface by the side of structure were evacuated inside thickness direction The second narrow-width step portion constituted by steps, and disposed between the first narrow-width step portion and the second narrow-width step portion, the plate thickness is larger than the first narrow-width step portion and the second narrow-width step portion. A thick central portion is formed. According to the rubber-like elastic body having the above configuration, when receiving an impact from the impact receiving portion side, the vicinity of the boundary between the first narrow width step portion and the central portion, and the second narrow width step portion and the central portion. Bending deformation is induced near the boundary. Therefore, by setting the target position of the bending deformation to the boundary between the first narrow width step portion and the central portion and the boundary between the second narrow width step portion and the central portion, the bending deformation can be reliably performed at the target position. , The shock can be absorbed efficiently.

  The shock-absorbing unit according to claim 2 includes: a center in a plate thickness direction of a portion where the rubber elastic body is attached to a receiving member; The angle between the flat surface formed by connecting and the receiving surface is 65 degrees or more and 85 degrees or less.

  As described above, a plane configured by connecting the center in the thickness direction of the attachment portion of the rubber-like elastic body to the receiving member and the center in the thickness direction of the attachment portion of the rubber elastic body to the structure. By setting the angle between the receiving member and the receiving surface of the receiving member to be not less than 65 degrees and not more than 85 degrees, the impact can be absorbed more efficiently.

  In the buffer unit according to claim 3, when the distance between the receiving surface of the receiving portion and the structure is a distance S, the first narrow stepped portion is zero in the orthogonal direction from the receiving surface. .. configured from 1S to 0.4S, and the second narrow stepped portion is configured from 0.1S to 0.4S in the orthogonal direction from the attachment to the structure side. It is characterized by.

  By configuring the first narrow step and the second narrow step as described above, it is possible to absorb the impact more efficiently.

  The impact receiving structure according to claim 4 is installed between a supported body as a structure and the support body, and supports the supported body so as to be movable relative to the support body. 4. The structure according to claim 1, wherein a part of the support body is attached to a support-facing surface that faces the support body while being spaced apart from the support body in a horizontal direction, and receives an impact caused by a collision of the support body. And the buffering unit described.

  Thus, when the supported body is supported by the support so as to be relatively movable, the supported body and the support body may collide with a part of the support body. The buffering unit can be suitably used for a portion that is opposed to each other while being separated from each other.

  Since the present invention has the above-described configuration, it can deal with a plurality of impacts, has versatility, and can efficiently absorb the impacts.

  FIG. 1 shows a part of a bridge structure 10 using a buffer unit 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention. A bridge girder 14 is disposed on the abutment 12 and the pier 13 via a support 40. The buffer unit 20 will be described with different reference numerals of the buffer units 20A to 20D depending on the installation location.

  The bearings 40 are respectively installed on the abutment 12 and the pier 13, and the lower part is fixed to the abutment 12 and the pier 13, and the upper part is fixed to the bridge girder 14. The bearing 40 is constituted by a so-called rubber bearing, and is configured to be able to perform a base-isolation and dispersion of reaction force during an earthquake while allowing relative movement between the abutment 12 and the pier 13 and the bridge girder 14.

  The abutment 12 includes a horizontal base surface 12A, a vertical wall surface 12B, and a falling bridge prevention wall 12C. A support 40 is installed on the base surface 12A. The wall surface 12B faces the end surface 14A of the bridge girder 14 in the bridge axis direction X, and the buffer unit 20A is installed on the wall surface 12B. The falling bridge prevention wall 12 </ b> C is formed at the bridge side end in the bridge axis direction X of the abutment 12 and faces the base surface 12 </ b> A side. A buffer unit 20B is also installed on the fall prevention wall 12C.

  A regulating member 15 is provided on the lower surface of the bridge girder 14. The regulating member 15 protrudes downward from the lower surface of the bridge girder 14, is disposed between the support 40 and the buffer unit 20B, and has a side surface facing the buffer unit 20B.

  The bridge pier 13 includes fall prevention walls 13B and 13C facing each other at both ends in the bridge axis direction X. Further, a base surface 13A is formed on the pier 13. A support 40 is installed on the base surface 13A. Buffer units 20C and 20D are installed on the fall prevention walls 13B and 13C, respectively.

  Two restricting members 16 are provided at positions corresponding to the upper side of the pier 13 on the lower surface of the bridge girder 14. The two regulating members 16 protrude downward from the lower surface of the bridge girder 14, and are between the support 40 and the shock-absorbing unit 20C on the fall prevention wall 13B side, and between the support 40 and the shock-absorbing unit 20D on the fall prevention wall 13C side. The side faces the buffer units 20C and 20D.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the buffer unit 20 includes an impact receiving member 22, a wall side plate 24, a rubber-like elastic body 30, and a mounting plate 28.

  The impact receiving member 22 and the wall side plate 24 have a rectangular plate shape, and are disposed so as to face each other as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3C, grooves 22A and 24A into which the mounting plate 28 can be fitted are formed on the opposing surfaces of the receiving member 22 and the wall side plate 24, respectively. The impact receiving member 22 can be composed of a steel plate, a resin plate, or the like, and the wall side plate 24 can be composed of a similar steel plate, resin plate, or the like.

  The mounting plate 28, the impact receiving member 22 and the wall side plate 24 can also be configured by integral molding.

  The rubber-like elastic body 30 has a substantially rectangular plate shape, and includes a first narrow-width step portion 32, a central portion 36, and a second narrow-width step portion 34. The rubber-like elastic body 30 is disposed such that the plate surface 30F is inclined with respect to the impact receiving surface 22F of the impact receiving member 22. An angle θ formed by a plane formed by connecting a center M1 in the thickness direction of the attachment portion to the impact receiving member 22 and a center M2 in the thickness direction of the attachment portion to the wall side plate 24 and the impact surface 22F. Is preferably 65 degrees or more and 85 degrees or less. The rubber-like elastic body 30 can be made of a viscoelastically deformable rubber or resin as a material.

  The first narrow step portion 32 is configured by a step whose plate surface is retracted inward in the plate thickness direction, and the thickness in the direction along the receiving surface 22F is W1. The second narrow-width step portion 34 is configured by a step where the plate surface opposite to the first narrow-width step portion 32 is retracted inward in the plate thickness direction, and the thickness in the direction along the receiving surface 22F is W2. Has been. The central portion 36 is disposed between the first narrow step portion 32 and the second narrow step portion 34, and the thickness in the direction along the impact receiving surface 22F is W3. A step wall 30A is formed at the boundary between the first narrow step 32 and the center 36, and a step wall 30B is formed at the boundary between the second narrow step 34 and the center 36. The relationship between the thicknesses W1 to W3 of each part is W1 = W2 <W3.

  Further, the distance between the receiving surface 22F of the receiving member 22 and the mounting surface of the wall side plate 24 on the bridge wall is S, and the distance between the receiving surface 22 and the step wall 30A (the receiving of the first narrow-width step portion 32). The distance in the direction D perpendicular to the member 22) is S1, and the distance between the attachment surface of the wall side plate 24 to the bridge wall and the step wall 30B (the distance in the direction D perpendicular to the impact receiving member 22 of the second narrow step 34) ) Is S2, and the distance between the step wall 30A and the step wall 30B (the distance D in the direction D perpendicular to the receiving member 22 of the central portion 36) is S0, S1 and S2 are 0.1S or more and 0.4S or less. Preferably there is.

  One end surface 32A of the rubber-like elastic body 30 constituting the plate thickness on the first narrow-width step portion 32 side and the other end surface 34A constituting the plate thickness on the second narrow-width step portion 34 side facing the one end surface. The attachment plate 28 is bonded. It is preferable to use an adhesive that exhibits an appropriate deformation history. The rubber-like elastic body 30 has a step wall 30A on the one end face 32A side that is on the outside in the surface direction of the impact receiving surface 22F, and a step wall 30B on the other end face 34A that is on the inside in the surface direction of the impact receiving surface 22F. The one end surface 32A is attached to the impact receiving member 22 via the attachment plate 28, and the other end surface 34A is attached to the wall side plate 24 via the attachment plate 28.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the mounting plate 28 includes a stop surface 28A protruding from both longitudinal sides of one end surface 32A and the other end surface 34A of the rubber-like elastic body 30. The mounting plate 28 is fitted into the grooves 22A and 24A, and is screwed to the impact receiving member 22 and the wall side plate 24 by screws 29 at the stop surface 28A.
In the present embodiment, the rubber-like elastic body 30 and the impact receiving member 22 are described as examples. However, the rubber-like elastic body 30 and the impact receiving member 22 are integrally molded. It may be.

  A plurality of rubber-like elastic bodies 30 (eight in this embodiment) are provided between the pair of receiving members 22 and the wall side plate 24. The plurality of rubber-like elastic bodies 30 are arranged so that the plate surfaces face each other in the longitudinal direction of the impact receiving member 22 and the wall side plate 24. When the center in the longitudinal direction of the impact receiving member 22 is the center O, each rubber-like elastic body 30 is inclined such that the impact receiving member 22 side is closer to the center O than the wall side plate 24 side. Each of the plurality of rubber-like elastic bodies 30 is disposed so as not to interfere with each other during buckling deformation described later.

  In the buffer units 20A to 20D, the wall side plate 24 is fixed to the wall surface (the wall surface 12B, the fall prevention walls 12B, 13B, and 13C), and the impact receiving member 22 is fixed to the bridge girder 14 or the bridge girder 14; It is installed so as to face each other while being separated in the horizontal direction.

  Next, the operation of the buffer unit 20 of the present embodiment will be described.

  When the bridge girder 14, the abutment 12 and the pier 13 move relative to each other by a predetermined amount or more due to vibration caused by an earthquake or the like, the end face 14A of the bridge girder 14 collides with the buffer unit 20A, and the regulating member 15 collides with the fall prevention wall 12C. Further, the two regulating members 16 collide with the fall prevention walls 13B and 13C, respectively.

  When the impact S due to the collision is received by the impact receiving member 22, the rubber-like elastic body 30 of the buffer unit 20 is shown in FIG. 4 (B) from the state shown in FIG. 4 (A) and FIG. 5 (A). As described above, the stepped walls 30A and 30B are folded so as to be inward and buckle and deform, and viscoelastically deform. The buckling line at this time is a boundary portion between the first narrow-width step portion 32 and the central portion 36 and a boundary portion between the second narrow-width step portion 34 and the central portion 36. Then, as shown in FIGS. 4C and 5B, buckling deformation and viscoelastic deformation proceed. Thereafter, when the impact S on the impact receiving member 22 decreases, the rubber-like elastic body 30 is restored to the state shown in FIGS. 4 (A) and 5 (A).

  FIG. 6A shows the relationship between the compression load due to the impact S and the displacement of the rubber-like elastic body 30 when the rubber-like elastic body 30 is deformed and restored as described above. Further, in FIG. 6B, unlike the rubber-like elastic body 30, a step is not formed on the plate surface, and the rubber-like elastic body C in which a groove is formed along the plate surface at a position corresponding to the step wall. Similarly, the relationship between the reaction force when a load is applied and the displacement of the rubber-like elastic body C is shown. Curves A-1 and B-1 indicate the first relationship, and curves A-2 and B-2 indicate the second and subsequent relationships.

  6 (A) and 6 (B), as shown by the upper curves A-1 and B-1, the rubber-like elastic body is almost proportional to the increase in reaction force from immediately after the collision to the D1 portion. The displacement is also progressing. The buckling deformation of the rubber-like elastic body starts from the portion D1, and in (A), the displacement of the rubber-like elastic body proceeds with almost no change in the reaction force. Then, the buckling deformation of the rubber-like elastic body is almost completed at the D2 portion, and the reaction force rises due to a compressive load. On the other hand, in (B), buckling deformation starts from the D1 portion, but there is a drop in reaction force as it further proceeds from D1. Then, the buckling deformation of the rubber-like elastic body is almost completed at the portion D2, and the reaction force rises due to the compressive load. Thereafter, when the compression load is loosened, as shown by the curves A-0 and B-0 in both (A) and (B), the displacement of the rubber-like elastic body decreases as the compression load decreases, and the original state Is restored.

  From the second time onward, as shown by the curves A-2 and B-2, the reaction force is weaker than the first time against the amount of compression displacement.

According to the rubber-like elastic body 30 of the present embodiment, there is no drop in reaction force after buckling deformation is started, and an impact can be absorbed efficiently. Further, even when a force other than the direction orthogonal to the impact surface 22F is applied, the buckling line can be set at a predetermined position, and the buckling can be suppressed and the shock can be efficiently absorbed. it can.
Further, according to the rubber-like elastic body 30 of the present embodiment, even when the movement of the bridge girder 14 at the time of an earthquake responds to six degrees of freedom in the bridge axis direction, the bridge width direction, and the vertical direction, buckling is performed. The line can be in a predetermined position. Therefore, the buckling can be suppressed and the impact can be efficiently absorbed.

  Further, according to the buffer unit 20 of the present embodiment, the rubber-like elastic body 30 is restored after absorbing the impact, so that it is possible to cope with the case where there is another impact. In particular, as described above, even when the movement of the bridge girder 14 at the time of the earthquake responds to six degrees of freedom in the bridge axis direction, the bridge width direction, and the up-down direction, the buckling line is fixed, so it is repeated. The rubber-like elastic body 30 can effectively function against bending deformation.

Further, since the buffer unit 20 of the present embodiment is configured by attaching a plurality of rubber-like elastic bodies 30 to the impact receiving member 22, the number of the rubber-like elastic bodies 30 and the arrangement thereof can be changed to change the installation location. It can be made into a shape according to the area and shape of the material, and is excellent in versatility.
In the present embodiment, the rubber elastic body 30 has been described as being inclined so that the impact receiving member 22 side is disposed on the inner side in the surface direction than the structure side. However, as shown in FIG. You may make it incline so that the impact member 22 side may be arrange | positioned on the outer side of a surface direction rather than the structure side.

  Further, in the present embodiment, an example in which the rubber-like elastic bodies 30 are arranged in a line has been described. However, as shown in FIG. 7, the rubber-like elastic body 30 is received at the center portion in the longitudinal direction of the impact receiving member 22. It can also be arranged side by side in the lateral direction of the impact member 22. Further, any arrangement such as an oblique direction and a random arrangement can be employed.

It is a side view which shows a part of bridge structure of this embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the unit for buffering of this embodiment. (A) of the buffer unit of this embodiment is a partially broken view of the upper surface, (B) is a side view, and (C) is a partially enlarged view of the side surface. It is a partial side view which shows operation | movement of the buffer unit of this embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows operation | movement of the buffer unit of this embodiment. (A) is a graph which shows the relationship between the displacement and reaction force of the buffer unit of this embodiment, (B) is a graph which shows the relationship between the displacement and reaction force of the other buffer unit. (A) of the modification of the buffer unit of this embodiment is a partially broken view of the upper surface, and (B) is a side view. It is a side view of the modification of the buffer unit of this embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Bridge structure 20 Buffering unit 22 Receiving member 22F Receiving surface 30 Rubber-like elastic body 30A Stepped wall 30B Stepped wall 30F Plate surface 32 1st narrow step 34 Central part 36 2nd narrow step

Claims (4)

An impact receiving portion having an impact receiving surface for receiving an impact due to a collision of the structure;
A rubber-like elastic body that has a rectangular plate shape, is disposed between the receiving portion and the structure with a plate surface upright, and is inclined with respect to an orthogonal direction orthogonal to the receiving surface. When,
With
The rubber-like elastic body includes a first narrow step portion formed by a step where one plate surface on the receiving portion side is retracted inward in the plate thickness direction, and the other plate surface on the structure side is a plate. A second narrow step portion configured by a step retracted inward in the thickness direction; and the first narrow step portion disposed between the first narrow step portion and the second narrow step portion; And a central portion having a thickness greater than that of the second narrow-width stepped portion.   A plane configured by connecting a center in a plate thickness direction of a mounting portion of the rubber elastic body to a receiving member and a center in a plate thickness direction of a mounting portion of the rubber elastic body to the structure; The buffer unit according to claim 1, wherein an angle with the surface is 65 degrees or more and 85 degrees or less.   Assuming that the distance between the receiving surface of the receiving portion and the structure is a distance S, the first narrow stepped portion is configured to extend from the receiving surface to the position of 0.1S to 0.4S in the orthogonal direction. The second narrow-width step portion is configured to extend from the attachment portion to the structure side to a position of 0.1S or more and 0.4S or less in the orthogonal direction. The buffer unit according to 2. A support which is installed between a support and a support as a structure, and supports the support so as to be relatively movable with respect to the support;
4. The structure according to claim 1, comprising a part of the support body, attached to a support-facing surface facing the support body while being spaced apart from the support body in a horizontal direction, and receiving an impact caused by a collision of the support body. Or the buffer unit according to claim 1;
The receiving structure with

Images