JP2008049250A - Filtration membrane fracture detecting system and membrane type filtration device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtration membrane fracture detecting system and a membrane type filtration device capable of determining and detecting leak occurs in which membrane filtration module of a filtration device without delay. <P>SOLUTION: The system is provided with a pump 2 that supplies raw water, a plurality of membrane type filtration modules 3 connected to the pump 2 through a valve 7, a filtration filter that is each connected to a rear stage of the modules 3, has light transmission characteristics and captures ingredients in filtered water, a luminous element that projects light to the filtration filter, a filtration membrane fracture detecting sensor 4 consisting of a photo detector that detects a transmitted light, a communication module 6 connected to the sensor 4, and a calculating device 9 that has a communication device 8 that performs transmission/reception with the module 6 and sets the processing conditions of detected signals of the photo detector and the measuring conditions of the sensor 4, and the device 9 identifies the membrane type filtration module where the filtration membrane is fractured from the detected signals of the photo detector. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a filtration membrane breakage detection system and a membrane filtration device for a membrane filtration device that obtains filtered water by filtering water taken from a river or the like through a membrane. (In particular, the present invention relates to an inexpensive filtration membrane breakage detection system that reliably detects breakage of the filtration membrane by quickly detecting that raw water has leaked to the filtrate side due to damage to the filtration membrane of the membrane filtration device.)

  There is a membrane filtration device that obtains filtered water having a low impurity content by filtering raw water through a filtration membrane. As a method for obtaining clear water with relatively simple equipment, this membrane type filtration device is composed of a plurality of filtration membranes as one module, and a system configuration for obtaining a predetermined amount of filtered water using a plurality of modules. It has become.

  In such a membrane type filtration device, raw water may leak to the filtered water side due to breakage or damage of the membrane, and impurities that are originally removed may be mixed into the filtered water. Examples of the breakage / damage of the membrane include cutting of the membrane, partial laceration, pitting corrosion, etc., and leakage at a connecting portion such as a membrane support mechanism. Impurities are fine particles suspended or suspended in the raw water, such as solids, bacteria, bacteria, and their dead bodies. If these impurities are mixed in the permeated water due to leakage from the membrane, the quality of the filtered water deteriorates. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the membrane damage at an early stage and replace or repair the membrane.

  The test method for determining whether or not a complete filtration function is maintained without leakage of the filtration membrane is described in Chapter 7 of [Non-Patent Document 1]. The test method is roughly divided into a first method for detecting impurities leaking to the filtrate side, a second method for monitoring the turbidity of filtrate water, and a holding pressure by applying pressure to the raw water side or the filtration side. There is a third method for detecting the change in time and the ejection of pressurized gas.

  In [Patent Document 1], as a fourth method different from the above method, secondary permeation in which part or all of the permeated water flowing out from the membrane type filtration device is further filtered through a membrane. Separated into water and concentrated water that flows out without passing through the membrane, using the separated concentrated water as a sample, counts the number of mixed fine particles per unit volume of the sample with a micrometer, and membrane filtration based on the counted number of fine particles A film breakage detection method is described that determines that the apparatus film is broken. In this method, the particle counter uses optical means as in the first method, and the specific leak determination is performed when the temporal change in the counted number of particles is more rapid than the expected temporal fluctuation. It is assumed that the membrane of the membrane filtration device is damaged when the number of fine particles exceeds the set value.

JP-A-8-252440 "Water Purification Membrane", Gihodo Publishing, Membrane Separation Technology Promotion Association / Membrane Water Purification Committee Supervision, Water Purification Membrane Editorial Committee

  Among the above conventional techniques, the first method optically detects the presence of particles, and there is a problem that it is difficult to align and adjust the light source, the light receiving sensor, and the optical system. Furthermore, the components are expensive, the price of the device is relatively high, and the number of measuring instruments cannot be increased. For this reason, it is difficult to install sensors individually on a large number of filtration membrane modules, and it is necessary to change the detection position of the filtered water and measure it by changing the detection position to identify the module where the leak occurred. It takes a lot of time to determine and repair a damaged filtration membrane module. The second method also optically observes the scattering and transmission of particles, and has the same problem as the first method. In the third method, it is necessary to apply pressure to the filtration flow path, and during the inspection, there is a problem that filtration is impossible and efficiency of the filtration system is lowered. The fourth method concentrates minute substances due to leaks with a newly added filter, and aims at rapid detection of leaks. However, when the presence of substances is optically detected as in the first method, There is a problem that the apparatus becomes expensive. In addition, there is a method of detecting clogging of the concentration filter with the differential pressure, but there is a problem that it takes time until the filter is clogged and the speed of leak detection is impaired.

  The first object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost filter membrane that can detect with high sensitivity that the membrane of the membrane filtration device is damaged or damaged, causing impurities to leak into the filtrate and increasing the amount of impurity substances in the filtrate. The object is to provide a detection system and a membrane filtration device.

  The second object of the present invention is to install a large number of detectors individually for the filtration membrane module, identify the module in which a leak has occurred by communication, and enable quick safety measures such as operation stop or replacement of the corresponding module. An object of the present invention is to provide a filtration membrane breakage detection system and a filtration device.

  In order to achieve the above object, the filtration membrane breakage detection system and the membrane filtration device of the present invention are roughly divided into a sensor portion for detecting leakage due to filtration membrane breakage and a portion for centrally managing detection signals by communication. Yes.

  In the sensor portion that detects a leak due to the breakage of the filtration membrane, an impurity substance that leaks into the filtrate due to the leak is supplemented by a filtration filter. A filtration filter having an appropriate transmission particle diameter and light transmittance is used. In the state where there is no leakage due to the breakage of the filtration membrane, there is little capture of impurity substances, and the light passing through the filtration filter maintains a certain level. When the raw water leaks, the impurity substance is captured by the filtration filter, and light is blocked by the supplemental impurity, so that the passing light decreases. By observing this temporal change in the decrease of the passing light, a leak due to the filter membrane breakage is detected, and the breakage is detected. For example, by installing a sensor in each filtration membrane module, a damaged filtration membrane module can be determined from the detection result.

  The transmitted light data is transmitted to the computer by the communication device and managed collectively. On the other hand, control information such as a measurement interval / measurement timing and a data transmission request is transmitted from the computer side to the sensor side.

  In this manner, the light transmission type filtration filter is supplemented with the leak impurity substance due to the filter membrane breakage, and the transmitted light is reduced by the supplementary substance, so that the occurrence of leak and the filter membrane breakage can be detected. By connecting each sensor with a communication network, it is possible to detect whether or not each filtration module is damaged, and it is possible to identify a damaged filtration membrane module. Further, a flexible sensing operation is possible in which the sensing interval and sensing timing of each sensor are set in advance or changed as necessary. According to the present invention, it is possible to detect a filtration module in which a leak has occurred without delay, and it is possible to take measures for ensuring water quality such as stopping supply of raw water to a damaged filtration module as necessary.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to detect a filtration module in which a leak has occurred without delay, and it is possible to take measures for ensuring water quality, such as stopping supply of raw water to a damaged filtration module as necessary.

  In each embodiment, impurities that have leaked from the raw water side to the filtrate water side due to damage to the filtration membrane are trapped by a filter, and the intensity of light detected by the filtered light is blocked by the trapped impurity. Therefore, an impurity leak is detected.

  In this way, the filtered water is monitored with a sensor, and a leak is detected to detect a leak. A mechanism for introducing filtered water into the sensor, a mechanism for filtering the introduced filtered water, and a filter on both sides of the filter to determine the light transmission rate of the filter. Opposing light emitting / receiving devices are provided to detect the light receiving level of the receiving device. These sensors are installed in each filtration module, and the data of the light reception level of each sensor is transmitted to a computer by a communication device and managed collectively. The filtering module where the leak occurred is detected from the temporal change of the received light signal detected by each sensor, and necessary measures such as stopping the filtration are taken. Further, control information such as a measurement interval / measurement timing and a data transmission request is transmitted from the computer side to the sensor side.

  A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a main configuration of the filtration membrane breakage detection system of the present embodiment. The filtration membrane breakage detection system mainly includes a filtration membrane breakage detection sensor 4, a communication module 6, a communication device 8, and a computer 9.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a raw water tank 1 is connected to a water supply pump 2 for supplying raw water to a membrane filtration module 3 by piping. The membrane filtration module 3 is composed of a large number of filtration modules including filtration modules 3-1, 3-2,..., 3-N, and the water pump 2 is connected to valves 7-1 and 7 by branched pipes, respectively. -2, ... are connected via 7-N. A filtration membrane breakage detection sensor 4 is connected to each subsequent stage of the filtration modules 3-1, 3-2,. -1,4-2,... 4-N are connected. Each of the filtration membrane breakage detection sensors 4-1, 4-2,..., 4-N is provided with communication modules 6-1, 6-2,. Detection data detected at -1,4-2,..., 4-N is transmitted to the communication device 8 by radio waves, for example. The subsequent stages of the filtration membrane breakage detection sensors 4-1, 4-2,... 4-N are assembled and connected to one pipe so that filtered water is supplied as supply water.

  A computer 9 is connected to the communication device 8, receives detection data transmitted from the communication modules 6-1, 6-2,... 6 -N, and transmits detection data to the computer 9. The computer 9 also receives plant data indicating the state of the filtration plant. On the other hand, the computer 9 transmits measurement parameters and the like to the filtration membrane breakage detection sensor 4 via the communication device 8 and the communication module 6. When breakage / breakage of the filtration membrane of the membrane filtration module 3 is detected by the filtration membrane breakage detection sensor 4, the water supply is controlled by operating the control signal from the computer 9 or directly operating the valve 7 according to the degree of breakage. Is done.

  FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the filtration membrane breakage detection sensor 4. As shown in FIG. 2, the pipe 5 is a pipe on the outlet side of each of the filtration modules 3-1, 3-2,..., 3-N, and the filtered water filtered by the membrane filtration module 3 flows out. In FIG. 2, filtered water flows from the left side to the right side.

  A cylindrical water conduit 41 is provided in the pipe 5 to form a second flow path. A trapping filter 42 for transmitting light and trapping impurities is provided on the entire cross section of the water conduit 41 at the center of the water conduit 41 so that the impurities in the filtered water are trapped. A light emitting element 43 is installed upstream of the capturing filter 42 in the water conduit 41 and a light receiving element 44 is opposed to the downstream of the capturing filter 42, and light emitted from the light emitting element 43 transmits light. And is detected by the light receiving element 44. As described above, the filtration membrane breakage detection sensor 4 includes the water conduit 41, the capture filter 42, the light emitting element 43, and the light receiving element 44.

  In this example, the case where the light emitting element 43 and the light receiving element 44 are arranged to face each other is shown. However, a mirror is used so that the light emitted by the light emitting element 43 passes through the capturing filter 42 and is received by the light receiving element 44. Etc. may be used to form the optical path. Further, the trapping filter 42 may be subjected to the use of a hard filter or a sandwiching with a reinforcing agent that does not greatly hinder light transmission so as not to be deformed by pressure.

  The light emitting element 43 and the light receiving element 44 are connected to a power supply circuit 45 that supplies power to the light emitting element 43 and the light receiving element 44 by wiring, and the power supply circuit 45 is connected to the communication module 6.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the power supply circuit 45 includes a power source 451 such as a battery and a power source switch 452 connected to the power source 451. The switch 452 is connected to the light emitting element 43 and the light receiving element by wiring. Yes. The communication module 6 includes a microprocessor 61 and a communication circuit 62 connected to the microprocessor 61. The power supply 451 of the power supply circuit 45 is connected to the microprocessor 61 and the communication circuit 62 by wiring and supplied with power. It is like that. The microprocessor 61 is connected to the switch 452 and the light receiving element 44 by wiring.

  Under the control of the microprocessor 61, the switch 452 is controlled on and off, and power is supplied to the light emitting element 43 and the light receiving element 44 during measurement. The microprocessor 61 is provided with an analog-to-digital converter (hereinafter referred to as ADC), which converts the detected current signal from the light receiving element 44 into a digital signal, takes the result of calculation processing, and outputs the result of the calculation by the communication circuit 62. The communication device 8 is communicated. Control information such as a data collection interval of the microprocessor 61 and power control information is transmitted from the communication circuit 62 and received by the communication device 8. Details of these operations will be described later.

  Among the filtration membrane breakage detection sensors 4, when power is supplied to the light emitting element 43 installed in the filtered water pipe 5 and light is emitted with a constant amount of light, the filtration membrane is not broken and filtration is performed normally. During normal operation, there is no leakage of raw water and no impurities are mixed in the filtered water. Therefore, the light receiving element 44 detects a light amount with a small attenuation amount, although the attenuation is performed according to the material of the capturing filter 42.

  On the other hand, if the filtration membrane is broken, a part of the raw water is not filtered and leaks directly to the filtered water side, the amount of the impurity 51 in the raw water increases, and a part of the impurity 51 is a trapping filter. The light deposited on the light-emitting element 43 is shielded from light. Due to this light shielding, the amount of light transmitted through the capturing filter 42 is reduced, the occurrence of leakage can be detected from the amount of decrease in the amount of light detected by the light receiving element 44, and breakage of the filtration membrane can be detected.

  Next, a monitoring network for the entire filtration plant that uses the detected data to break the filtration membrane detected from the magnitude of attenuation of the transmitted light of the filtration membrane breakage detection sensor 4 will be described.

  In this monitoring network, in order to monitor the entire plant, the data of the filtration membrane breakage detection sensor 4 is collected and the measurement timing of each filtration membrane breakage detection sensor 4 is controlled. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the computer 9.

  When processing is started, processing parameters are set in step 901. In this processing parameter setting, the computer 9 is set for parameters necessary for monitoring, such as the number of filtration modules to be monitored and the correspondence between the modules, parameters, and data. This parameter includes a determination parameter for determining that a leak described later has occurred.

  In step 902, the measurement conditions are set for the filtration membrane breakage detection sensor 4 of each filtration module. In this step, the sensing parameters of the filtration membrane breakage detection sensor 4 necessary for monitoring, such as sensing interval, sensing time, number of times of data collection for one sensing, and data communication conditions, are detected from the communication device 8 for detection of the filtration membrane breakage. Send to sensor 4. By these steps 901 and 902, the parameter setting necessary for monitoring the computer 9 is completed.

  In step 903, a plant signal indicating the operation state of the filtration plant is input, and thereafter, a loop process for monitoring is performed. The plant signal is an operating condition such as pressure and flow rate.

  In step 904, it is determined whether a signal from the filtration membrane breakage detection sensor 4 is received. If a signal is received from any one of the N filtration membrane breakage detection sensors 4, the process proceeds to step 905 and the subsequent steps. If not received, the process returns to step 903 in order. The plant signals of the damage detection sensor 4 are sequentially input to update the plant operating conditions.

  When a signal is received from the filtration membrane breakage detection sensor 4 in step 904, the received data of the measurement time and measurement value is stored in association with the sensor number of the corresponding filtration membrane breakage detection sensor 4 in step 905. Store in the area. The measured value is the amount of light that passes through the capturing filter 42 detected by the light receiving element 44 as described above. In step 906, the temporal change is calculated from the measurement time and the measured value, and in step 907, the measured value is measured. It is determined whether the temporal change rate of the light amount as a value is within a preset range. If the temporal change rate of the light amount is within the set range, it is determined that the light amount change is small or has changed due to disturbance, and the process returns to step 903.

  If the temporal change rate of the light amount exceeds the set value range, there is a possibility of the raw water leaking, and it is determined in step 908 whether the time during which the light amount change continues is within the set range. If the time during which the change in the amount of light exceeds the set range, it is determined that a leak has occurred in the corresponding filtration module, and in step 909, the occurrence of a leak in the corresponding filtration module is displayed with an alarm or the like. If the time during which the change in the amount of light continues is within the set range, it can be determined that there is a possibility that a leak has occurred in the corresponding filtration module, but it is not yet determined. Therefore, in step 911, it is determined whether to change the sensor parameter of the module, such as shortening the measurement interval as necessary, and in step 912, the parameter is transmitted according to the determination result.

  Here, the possibility of leakage of raw water when the temporal change rate of the light intensity exceeds the set value range was explained, but the temporal change between the measured values of each filtration module and the numerical level were compared, and the temporal change was Judge the presence or absence of different filtration modules, the presence or absence of filtration modules with different numerical levels, determine that there is a possibility of raw water leaking in a filtration module that is determined to be different from the measured values of other filtration modules, and exceed the threshold In such a case, it may be determined that a leak has occurred in the corresponding filtration module.

  As described above, each module is monitored by a series of operations from Steps 903 to 912, and when it is determined that a leak has occurred, a damaged filtration module is determined. When a damaged filtration module is determined, it is possible to close the valve 7 of the corresponding filtration module by a control signal transmitted from the computer 9 via the communication device 8 to stop the filtration operation.

  The program is terminated when the set monitoring time has elapsed, or when the operator gives an instruction to end monitoring.

  In addition to the program operation shown in steps 901 to 912, display of data of each sensor or the entire sensor, trend display, display of plant data, and the like can be performed. Further, the computer 9 can be connected to a communication network in the filtration plant or the Internet so that the operator can share plant information and filtration membrane breakage information.

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the microprocessor 61 of the filtration membrane breakage detection sensor 4 installed in each filtration module.

  When the operation starts, in step 921, the parameters of the microprocessor 61 itself are set, for example, the used memory area, the setting information area for the operation, and the like are set. In step 922, the communication circuit 62 is connected from the communication device 8 to the communication circuit 62. The presence / absence of a sensing setting parameter received signal transmitted from the computer 9 is determined. When the sensing setting parameter is received, the sensing setting parameter is received and set in step 923. In step 924, it is determined whether or not the measurement time has come, and if it is determined that the measurement time has come, the switch 452 is controlled from OFF to ON in step 925, and the light emitting element 43 and the light receiving element are controlled. Power is supplied to 44. When the power is supplied, the light emitted from the light emitting element 43 passes through the capturing filter 42 and is detected by the light receiving element 44. In the measurement of the transmitted light of the capturing filter 42 in step 926, the detected light amount of the light receiving element is obtained. The detected analog light quantity value is converted into a digital signal by the ADC. When the measurement data is collected, the computer 9 controls the corresponding switch 452 from on to off in step 927 to stop the power supply of the light emitting element 43 and the light receiving element 44.

  In step 928, the measurement time when the measurement data is measured and the measurement data are transmitted from the communication circuit 62 to the communication device 8. When the measurement end determination of the computer 9 determines that the measurement is ended in step 929, the measurement ends.

  As described in step 912 shown in FIG. 4, when changing the parameter of the corresponding sensor, the parameter change of the microprocessor 61 is executed in step 930 shown in FIG. 5 as an interrupt operation.

  According to the present embodiment, the decrease in the amount of transmitted light is detected by the impurities trapped by the light transmission type filter, and it is quickly detected that the filtration membrane is broken or damaged and the raw water leaks to the filtered water side. it can. In addition, it is possible to monitor the membrane filtration plant by managing the data of each sensor collectively, and from this, it is possible to detect which filtration membrane module has been damaged by detecting the leak of impurities, A practical measuring device can be provided from the viewpoint of ensuring the quality of filtered water and the rapid repair of filtration membrane modules.

  A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, in this embodiment, the filtration membrane breakage detection sensor 4 and the communication module 6 shown in Embodiment 1 are installed outside the pipe 5 on the filtrate side.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, a water conduit 52 is connected to the filtrate-side pipe 5, a filtration membrane breakage detection sensor 4 is connected to the conduit pipe 52, and the filtration membrane breakage detection sensor 4 is drained. A pipe 53 is connected, and the filtered water is guided from the water conduit 5 to the filtration membrane breakage detection sensor 4 to measure whether or not an impurity leak has occurred.

  The filtration membrane breakage detection sensor 4 has the same structure as that described in the first embodiment, and the sensing of impurity leakage is also measured in the same manner.

  The drain pipe 53 is connected to a portion having a lower static pressure than the connection portion of the water conduit 52 of the pipe 5 on the filtrate water side, or discharges water that has passed through the trapping filter 42 to the outside. The water that has passed through the capturing filter 42 of the membrane breakage detection sensor 4 can be returned to the pipe 5 from the drain pipe 53 or discharged to the outside if the amount of discharged water is small.

  In this embodiment, since the sensor is installed outside the pipe, there is an advantage that maintenance is easy.

  A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the capturing filter 42 is installed in an oblique direction with respect to the axis line connecting the light emitting element 43 and the light receiving element 44. That is, the light emitting element 43, the light receiving element 44, and the capturing filter 42 are arranged so that the direction of light passing through the capturing filter 42 and the surface of the capturing filter 42 intersect at an angle smaller than 90 degrees.

  The impurity trapped by the trapping filter 42 adheres to the surface and inside of the trapping filter 42. However, since the light direction and the surface of the trapping filter 42 are at an angle smaller than 90 degrees, On the other hand, light is irradiated obliquely. For this reason, when considering the transmission length of light, the apparent thickness of the trapped impurity increases, and as the impurity thickness increases, the amount of light loss also increases. This increases the detection sensitivity.

  A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The present embodiment is configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment, but the switch 452M is provided with signal lines for changing the wavelengths of the light emitting element 43 and the light receiving element 44, and the light emitting element 43M has two signal lines. Light emitting elements having different wavelength bands are provided, and the light receiving element 44 is configured to have detection sensitivity in two wavelength bands. The switch 452M switches the power source corresponding to the light emitting element. Here, the light receiving element 44 is composed of one light receiving element having detection sensitivity in two wavelength bands, but may be composed of two light receiving elements each having detection sensitivity in different wavelength bands.

Wavelength bands are switched automatically from the computer 9 or by parameter setting by operator command input. When the control signal transmitted from the computer 9 is received by the communication module 6,
In accordance with a control signal from the microprocessor 61, the wavelength band of the power switch 452M is switched and the power is switched on. As described above, in this embodiment, light emitting elements having different wavelengths can be switched automatically from the computer 9 or by parameter setting according to an operator's command.

  This embodiment is effective when the light shielding characteristics of impurities have wavelength dependency. Even when there is no wavelength dependence, the amount of transmitted light is detected at a plurality of wavelengths, and the sensing reliability is increased.

  A fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and power is supplied to the light emitting element 43 and the light receiving element 44. In this embodiment, control signals are supplied from the switch 452V to the light emitting element 43 and the light receiving element 44, respectively. A line is provided so that the power supply level supplied to the light emitting element 43 can be controlled.

  The light emission level of the light emitting element 43 is controlled automatically by the computer 9 or by parameter setting by an operator's command input.

  The power switch 452V controls the power level of the light emitting element 43 and controls the amount of light emitted. In order to control the amount of emitted light, in addition to controlling the amount of light that is constant in time, it can be modulated with a sine wave or other waveform of a certain frequency, and by demodulating the received light signal, the change in the received light amount can be achieved even when there is a lot of ambient electrical noise. Can be detected accurately. As a modification of the present embodiment, it is conceivable to control the amplification degree of the received light signal.

  According to the present embodiment, it is effective when the detected light amount is reduced due to some cause, for example, the surface of the light emitting element or the light receiving element is clouded.

  A sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, a trapping filter that can change the particle size of impurities trapped in the flow path is provided.

An example of the filter structure is shown in FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 10, a plurality of (eight types in the example shown in FIG. 10) light transmission type filters 42F having different filtration particle diameters are provided on the rotating plate 42R, and the rotating plate 42R is driven by a semicircular drive unit 46. Is rotated by a certain angle. A light-emitting element 43 and a light-receiving element 44 are provided on both sides of the rotating plate 42R at a position where the light transmission type filter 42F where the driver 46 is not installed is installed.

  In the example shown in FIG. 10, the filtered water flows from the top to the bottom through the light transmission type filter 42 </ b> F, and the filtered particle size filter positioned between the light emitting element 43 and the light receiving element 44 is from the light emitting element 43. The light transmitted through the filter is detected by the light receiving element 44.

  FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of the power supply circuit 45R and the communication module 6R in the present embodiment. A driving power supply 47 is provided to drive the driving machine 46 of the rotating plate 42R, and is connected to the power supply 451 by wiring, and a control line is connected from the communication module 6R to control the driving power supply 47. The drive power supply 47 is controlled by the computer 9 by automatic setting or parameter setting by operator command input.

  The light transmission type filter 42F is rotated by a certain angle by the drive unit 46, but the confirmation of which filter particle size of the transmission type particle size is currently measured is set so that there is no transmitted light, for example. It can be determined by arranging a predetermined known filter particle diameter as a filter for filtration with reference to the filter position.

  In the present embodiment, an impurity substance having a filter particle size or larger is trapped by a filter having a filter particle size. The light transmission characteristics of raw water are obtained in advance with filters having various filtration particle sizes, and stored as a database. By comparing the sensing result with the distribution of this database, the leak detection of raw water can be detected with higher reliability.

  A seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, a part of the processing contents of the computer 9 of the first embodiment is processed by the microprocessor 61 in the communication module 6 to reduce the number of communications.

In the present embodiment, the processing from step 905 to step 908 shown in FIG.
It is configured to be performed by the microprocessor 61.

As shown in FIG. 12, the processing from step 905 to step 908 of the computer 9 according to the first embodiment is executed from step 931 to step 934 in the processing of the microprocessor 61 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 13, in step 931, the reception data of the measurement time and measurement value is associated with the sensor number of the corresponding filtration membrane breakage detection sensor 4 and stored in the storage area. In step 932, the measurement time, The temporal change is calculated from the measured value, and in step 933, it is determined whether the temporal change rate of the light quantity as the measured value is within a preset range. If the time change rate of the light intensity is within the set range, it is determined that the light intensity change is small or has been changed due to disturbance, and if the time change rate of the light intensity exceeds the set value range, there is a possibility of raw water leaking In step 934, it is determined whether the time during which the light amount change continues is within the set range. When the time during which the light amount change continues exceeds the set range, it is determined that a leak has occurred in the corresponding filtration module.

  In FIG. 12, in step 905a, a leak occurrence signal at the corresponding sensor and processing data are received and stored in the memory. In the present embodiment, in step 911, the stored data is reexamined to determine whether the parameter needs to be changed. In this embodiment, since the processing can be executed by the microprocessor 61 and the number of communications can be reduced, when the power source 451 shown in FIG. 3 is a battery, for example, the power consumption is reduced and the battery replacement interval is increased. There is a merit that can be done.

  An eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The present embodiment is configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment, but a computer 10 is provided instead of the communication module 6, and the signal of the filtration membrane breakage detection sensor 4 is processed by the microprocessor 101 in the computer 10. The result is displayed on the display 102 so as to notify the breakage of the film.

  The processing contents of the microprocessor 101 are the same as the processing contents shown in FIG. 13, but in this embodiment, step 923 and step 928 in FIG. 13 are unnecessary, and the corresponding sensor is detected in step 935 following step 934. When it is determined that a leak has occurred, it is displayed on the display 102.

  In the present embodiment, it is not necessary to collectively manage data in the plant, processing related to communication is unnecessary, and the computer 9 and the communication device 8 can be omitted, so that a cheaper detection system is obtained. By displaying on the display, the operator can know that the filtration module has been damaged, and can perform operations such as closing the valve 7.

  As described above, according to each embodiment, the impurity substance leaked from the raw water side to the filtered water side due to the breakage / damage of the filtration membrane is supplemented by the filtration filter, and the light passing through the filtration filter by the supplementary impurities It can be detected by a decrease in intensity. The sensor detection information can be transmitted to a management computer by communication to perform batch management of data.

  An LED (Light Emitting Diode) can be used as a light source for transmitting light through a filter, and a PD (Photo Diode) can be used as a light receiving element, both of which are inexpensive elements. Moreover, the filter is also inexpensive, and even if these elements are installed in each filtration module, the economical demerit is small. If a leak is detected by each sensor, a damaged module can be specified, so that the damaged module can be identified.

  Information on sensors installed in each filtration module is transmitted to a management / measurement computer using a communication module in each module, and the soundness of each filtration module is monitored. Further, when a sign of damage to the filtration module is detected, there is an advantage that a sensing environment can be constructed according to the characteristics of the filtration plant, such as detailed confirmation of the damage sign by shortening the measurement interval of the sensor and other detection parameter changes.

  In addition, it can detect the impurity substance leaked from the raw water side, thereby detecting the breakage and damage of the filtration membrane of the filtration module where the sensor is installed without delay, and it is possible to quickly take necessary measures without greatly degrading water quality. It becomes.

  In each embodiment of the present invention, impurities that leak from the raw water side to the filtrate water side due to damage to the filtration membrane are trapped by a filter, and the transmitted light of this filter is shielded by the trapped impurity, and the detection light is dimmed. Use the phenomenon. That is, the filtered water is monitored by a sensor to detect a leak. These sensors are installed in each filtration module, and the light reception level data of each sensor is transmitted to a computer by a communication device and managed collectively. It is industrially effective from the standpoint of ensuring the quality of filtered water because it can detect the filtration module where the leak occurred from the temporal change of the received light signal detected by each sensor and take necessary measures such as filtration stop. .

It is a block diagram of the filtration membrane breakage detection system which is Example 1 of this invention. 1 is a configuration diagram of a filter membrane breakage detection sensor of Example 1. FIG. It is a block diagram of the power supply circuit and communication module of Example 1. 3 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the computer according to the first embodiment. 3 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the microprocessor according to the first embodiment. It is a block diagram of the sensor for filter membrane breakage detection of Example 2 of this invention. It is a block diagram of the sensor for a membrane breakage detection of Example 3 of this invention. It is a block diagram of the sensor for filter membrane breakage detection of Example 4 of this invention. It is a block diagram of the switch of the power supply of Example 5 of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the filter structure of Example 6 of this invention. It is a block diagram of the switch of the power supply of Example 6. FIG. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the computer which is Example 7 of this invention. 18 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the microprocessor according to the seventh embodiment. It is a block diagram of the power supply circuit and computer of Example 8 of this invention. FIG. 19 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the computer according to the eighth embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Raw water tank, 2 ... Water supply pump, 3 ... Membrane filtration module, 4 ... Filter membrane breakage detection sensor, 5 ... Piping, 6, 6R ... Communication module, 7 ... Valve, 8 ... Communication device, 9, 10 ... Computer 41: Water conduit, 42 ... Filter for capture, 42R: Rotating plate, 43, 43M ... Light emitting element, 44 ... Light receiving element, 45 ... Power supply circuit, 46 ... Driver, 47 ... Power supply for driving, 51 ... Impurity , 52 ... Water conduit, 53 ... Drain pipe, 61, 101 ... Microprocessor, 62 ... Communication circuit, 102 ... Display, 451 ... Power supply, 452, 452M, 452V ... Switch.

Claims (10)

  A filter that feeds raw water to the membrane module; a filtration membrane breakage detection sensor connected to a subsequent stage of the membrane module; and a communication module connected to the filtration membrane breakage detection sensor, the filtration membrane breakage detection The sensor for light has a light transmission characteristic and supplements substances contained in filtered water, a light emitting element that projects light onto the filter, a light receiving element that detects transmitted light, a light emitting element and a light receiving element Membrane filtration device configured with a power supply unit controlled to supply power during measurement.   A pump that feeds raw water, a plurality of membrane filtration modules connected to the pump via valves, and connected to a subsequent stage of the membrane filtration module, supplementing substances contained in the filtrate with light transmission characteristics A filtration filter, a light emitting element for projecting light to the filtration filter, a filtration membrane breakage detection sensor composed of a light receiving element for detecting transmitted light, a communication module connected to the filtration membrane breakage detection sensor, A communication device that transmits and receives to and from the communication module, and includes a computer that processes a detection signal of the light receiving element and sets a measurement condition of the sensor for detecting the filter membrane breakage, and the computer filters the detection signal of the light receiving element. A filtration membrane breakage detection system that identifies membrane filtration modules with damaged membranes.   The computer determines that the filtration function of the membrane filtration module is damaged by comparing whether or not the time change of the detection signal of the light receiving element or the magnitude of the signal is a preset value. Filtration membrane breakage detection system described in 1.   The calculator compares the time change of the detection signal of the optical element in each membrane filtration module or the magnitude of the signal, and supplies the raw water to the membrane filtration module determined to be different from the measured value of the other membrane filtration module. The filtration membrane breakage detection system according to claim 1, wherein it is determined that there is a possibility of occurrence of a leak, and when the threshold value is exceeded, it is determined that the filtration function of the corresponding membrane filtration module is damaged.   The filtration membrane according to claim 2, wherein the filtration membrane breakage detection sensor is installed in a filtered water pipe into which filtered water flows in a plurality of membrane filtration modules or in groups, or in a water guide mechanism provided in the pipe. Damage detection system.   The filtration membrane breakage detection system according to claim 3, wherein the filtration membrane breakage detection sensor is installed such that the filtration filter has an inclination set with respect to an optical path of the light emitting element and the light receiving element.   The filtration membrane breakage detection system according to claim 3, wherein the filtration membrane breakage detection sensor includes a light emitting element that emits light having different wavelengths and a light receiving element that receives light of different wavelengths emitted by the light emitting element. .   The filtration membrane breakage detection system according to claim 3, wherein the filtration membrane breakage detection sensor controls transmitted light by controlling the intensity of light emission or controlling the detection amplification degree of the light receiving element.   The filtration membrane breakage detection sensor can change a plurality of filters having different permeation diameters of contained substances, and compares a detection signal of a light receiving element and a transmitted light intensity of each filter with an intensity pattern obtained in advance. The filtration membrane breakage detection system according to claim 3, wherein leak of raw water is detected.   The filtration membrane breakage detection system according to any one of claims 3 to 9, wherein the filtration membrane breakage detection sensor includes a microprocessor that performs processing for obtaining a time change of a detection signal or a signal magnitude.

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